Autodesk Revit Architecture 2011 No Experience Required - part 40 pot

Chapter 8 • Structural Items 364 FIGURE 8.47 Adding the second rod to the canopy 15. Mirror the rods to the other canopy. You can stay in the East eleva- tion to do so. NOTE If you receive a warning about a circular reference chain, sim- ply click Unjoin Elements. 16. Save the model. That pretty much covers it for framing. The next section will bring us under- ground into the foundation. Although the structural engineer will usually specify the foundation system, architects must have access to foundation tools to place concrete foundation walls as well as strip and isolate footings and piers. The next section will address these topics. Foundation Systems The first question that arises while addressing structural foundations is, “What if the architect places a foundation in the model, and then the structural engineer places one in their model?” What will happen is the structural engineer will use a method called Copy/ Monitor whereas the engineer takes the architect’s foundation and makes it their own. The engineer is then free to alter the foundation. This method will be addressed fully in Chapter 20, “Importing and Coordinating Revit Models.” The first topic in this section will focus on creating foundation walls. Although adding this type of wall is similar to adding architectural walls, there are a few things you want to look out for. Foundation Systems 365 Foundation Walls For now, let’s add a foundation and deal with coordination later. The task before us here is to create a foundation wall constructed of 18 ″ of solid concrete. To proceed, follow these steps: 1. Go to the Level 1 floor plan. 2. Click the Wall ➢ Structural Wall button on the Structure tab, as shown in Figure 8.48. 3. In the change Element Type menu at the top of the Properties panel, select Generic 8 ″ Masonry. 4. Click the Edit Type button. 5. Click the Duplicate button. 6. Name the new wall 18 ″ Concrete. 7. Click OK. 8. In the Function row, select Foundation from the drop-down list, as shown in Figure 8.48. 9. Just under the Function row is the Coarse Scale Fill Pattern row. Change the hatch to Concrete by clicking the […] button and select- ing Concrete from the menu. Click OK. 10. Click the Edit button in the Structure row. 11. In the second row in the Layers chart, click in the Material cell. 12. Click the […] button. 13. Find Concrete - Cast-in-Place Concrete. 14. Click OK. 15. Change the Thickness to 1 ′–6″ (see Figure 8.49). 16. Click OK twice. 17. Press Esc. The reason we press Esc and basically bailed out at the last second is that we are about to place a wall underneath this level. This view is currently set to not show anything below this level, forcing us to alter the view range. Chapter 8 • Structural Items 366 FIGURE 8.48 Changing Function to Foundation FIGURE 8.49 Changing the Material and Thickness settings Foundation Systems 367 To modify the view range, follow these steps: 1. In the Properties dialog, scroll down to View Range and click the Edit button. 2. For Primary Range, set Bottom Offset to –1′–0″. 3. For View Depth, set Level Offset to –1 ′–0″. 4. Click OK. 5. Click the Wall ➢ Structural Wall button from the Home tab. 6. On the Draw panel, click the Pick Lines icon. 7. Make sure that Depth is set to T.O. Footing on the Options bar. 8. Pick the core centerline of the exterior wall, as shown in Figure 8.50. 9. Keep repeating picking the exterior walls in all three sections of the model. FIGURE 8.50 Picking the core centerline of every exterior wall in the entire model. This includes the corridor and both wings. Your 3D model should look like Figure 8.51. Get into the habit of viewing the model in 3D—especially when you can’t see exactly where the walls are being placed in the plan. Chapter 8 • Structural Items 368 FIGURE 8.51 The foundation walls Now we can travel into the ground and check out how our walls are joining. Some cleanup will be involved: 1. In the Project Browser, find the T.O. Footing floor plan and double- click it. 2. Zoom into the east wing area where the south elevator meets the foundation wall. There is an issue: the walls are funky, as shown in Figure 8.52. 3. Select the masonry elevator shaft wall. 4. On the blue grip, right-click and select Disallow Join, as shown in Figure 8.52. 5. Click the grip on the masonry wall (the same one you right-clicked on to disallow the join), and drag it back to the outside face of the corner, as shown in Figure 8.52. 6. The masonry wall to the right needs to be joined to the foundation wall. To do this, click the Join Geometry button on the Modify tool- bar, as shown in Figure 8.53. 7. Pick the foundation wall. 8. Pick the masonry wall. The masonry wall is now notched back for the foundation. 9. Repeat the procedure for the north elevator. The condition may be slightly different than the south elevator, but the process to fix it will be the same. Foundation Systems 369 FIGURE 8.52 The walls are not behaving as we would like them to. FIGURE 8.53 Disallowing the wall’s join will enable the foundation walls to terminate as expected. Chapter 8 • Structural Items 370 Moving to the west wing, there is one wall we need to fix. The command we will have to use is the Split command: 1. Zoom in on the area, as shown in Figure 8.54. 2. On the Modify tab, click the Split Element button, as shown in Figure 8.54. 3. On the Options bar, click the Delete Inner Segment checkbox (see Figure 8.54). 4. Pick the points labeled “1” and “2,” shown in Figure 8.54. FIGURE 8.54 Splitting the foundation wall to follow the profile of the wall above Now that the foundation walls are in place, it is time to think about what these walls are bearing on. Revit Architecture has tools to add footings to the bottom of these walls. Adding Structural Footings If you are going as far as placing structural foundation walls, you might as well continue on and place footings underneath them, right? Luckily this is not a difficult task. Adding Structural Footings 371 Before we start adding the structural footings to the plan, we need to acknowl- edge that, by default, this view is not set up to see any objects that are physically below its level. To correct this, we must alter the view range of this specific plan. 1. Make sure you are still in the T.O. Footing plan, and click Esc twice to end any active command. 2. In the Properties dialog, go to the View Range row and click Edit. 3. Set Primary Range Bottom to Unlimited. 4. Set View Depth Level to Unlimited, as shown in Figure 8.55. 5. Click OK. FIGURE 8.55 Again with the View Range! 6. On the Foundation panel of the Structure tab, click the Wall Foundation button, as shown in Figure 8.56. FIGURE 8.56 Adding a Wall foundation Chapter 8 • Structural Items 372 At the top of the Properties dialog box, notice it says Bearing Footing - 36″ × 12″. This is a little big for our purposes, so let’s make a new one: 1. In the Properties dialog, click the Edit Type button. 2. Click Duplicate. 3. Call the new footing element Bearing Footing - 30 ″ x 12″. 4. Click OK. 5. Change the Width setting to 2 ′–6″, as shown in Figure 8.57. FIGURE 8.57 Changing the width to 2′–6″ 6. Click OK again to get back to the model. 7. Start picking walls. This footing will be centered underneath each wall you pick. 8. When you are done picking the walls, go to a 3D view to make sure you have all of the foundations covered, as shown in Figure 8.58. When all the footings are in place, you can see that we need to focus on the elevator shafts. Since we need an entire foundation mat underneath the eleva- tors, we can use a structural slab.  Just because this specific foundation is labeled Wall does not mean it is a wall. It is labeled Wall because it is a con- tinuous (strip) foot- ing that has a wall bearing on it. Structural Slabs Structural slabs are basically really thick floors. The one we are about to use is a 12 ″-thick solid concrete floor. Of course, Revit does not have something this thick already built in the library, so we will take this opportunity to make one: 1. Go to the T.O. Footing floor plan. Adding Structural Footings 373 FIGURE 8.58 Doing a 3D investigation to see whether the footings are all in place O If you hover your cursor over a wall and press the Tab key, Revit will select all connecting walls, allowing you to add the bearing footing in literally two clicks. 2. Zoom into the elevator area. 3. On the Foundation panel of the Structure tab, click Slab ➢ Foundation Slab, as shown in Figure 8.59. FIGURE 8.59 Clicking Slab ➢ Foundation Slab . second rod to the canopy 15. Mirror the rods to the other canopy. You can stay in the East eleva- tion to do so. NOTE If you receive a warning about a circular reference chain, sim- ply click Unjoin. Modify tool- bar, as shown in Figure 8.53. 7. Pick the foundation wall. 8. Pick the masonry wall. The masonry wall is now notched back for the foundation. 9. Repeat the procedure for the north. Luckily this is not a difficult task. Adding Structural Footings 371 Before we start adding the structural footings to the plan, we need to acknowl- edge that, by default, this view is not set up