Cambridge english first use of english part 2 with answers

A short history of tattooing First Certificate Trainer How the Tour de France began First Certificate Trainer Diving in the red sea First Certificate Trainer Safe camping First Certifi

EN

A short history of tattooing (First Certificate Trainer)

How the Tour de France began (First Certificate Trainer)

Diving in the red sea (First Certificate Trainer)

Safe camping (First Certificate Trainer)

Using Mobile Phones (First Certificate Trainer)

The Northern Lights (First Certificate Trainer)

Competition: Your ideal school (Cambridge First Certificate in

Dictionaries (Cambridge First Certificate in English 1)

Swimming (Cambridge First Certificate in English 1)

Summer Camp (Cambridge First Certificate in English 1)

Hollywood (Cambridge First Certificate in English 2)

Problems for actors (Cambridge First Certificate in English 2)

Charles Dickens childhood experiences (Cambridge First Certificate

The inferno ski race (Cambridge First Certificate in English 2)

Vancouver (Cambridge First Certificate in English 3)

My home town (Cambridge First Certificate in English 3)

Dealing with waste plastic (Cambridge First Certificate in English 3)

A new cruise ship (Cambridge First Certificate in English 3)

A man of many parts (Cambridge First Certificate in English 4)

A model village (Cambridge First Certificate in English 4)

History from the sea (Cambridge First Certificate in English 4)

A hotel famous for its food (Cambridge First Certificate in English 4) Enrico Rastelli (First 5)

Graphology at work (First 5)

A new kind of pollution (First 5)

The Ryder Cup (First 5)

Sharks (Cambridge Practice Tests for First Certificate 1)

The Horse in art (Cambridge Practice Tests for First Certificate 1) Cycling round corners (Cambridge Practice Tests for First Certificate Mission to Mars (Cambridge Practice Tests for First Certificate 1) Writing a story (Cambridge Practice Tests for First Certificate 2) Family Photographs (Cambridge Practice Tests for First Certificate

A busy family (Cambridge Practice Tests for First Certificate 2) The export of ice (Cambridge Practice Tests for First Certificate 2) Swimming with seals (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)(2015)

The mini-Monet (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)(2015)

Choosing the best shades (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)(2015)

Blanca Huertas: Butterfly expert (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)(2015) Tree-climbing (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)(2015)

The Recyclists (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)(2015)

Spot the gorilla (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)(2015)

Snow-holing (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)(2015)

Fit for sports (FCE Practice Tests Plus 1)

Good at Languages (FCE Practice Tests Plus 1)

The birth of the T-Shirt (FCE Practice Tests Plus 1)

A piano around the house (FCE Practice Tests Plus 1)

Artist development manager (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)

Sports tourism (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)

Follow your nose (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)

Fast track to fluency (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)

Napping is good for you (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)

Peter Benchley likes sharks (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)

Functional foods (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)

Credit cards for children (FCE Practice Tests Plus 2)

Vancouver (First Certificate in English 7)

My home town (First Certificate in English 7)

Dealing with waste plastic (First Certificate in English 7)

A new cruise ship (First Certificate in English 7)

Northern Lights (Richmond FCE Practice Tests)

Supermarkets (Richmond FCE Practice Tests)

London’s River (Richmond FCE Practice Tests)

Weather Forecasting (Richmond FCE Practice Tests)

Shopping list of the future (Richmond FCE Practice Tests)

Inspiration (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) (2015)

Holidays with friends (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) (2015) Datamac (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) (2015)

Christmas Eve (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) (2015)

Romance in the country (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) (2015) The Waterloo Station Mystery (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) Murder in London (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) (2015)

Revenge is sweet (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) (2015)

“Hidden dangers” (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) (2015)

Life in Hertford (Successful 10 FCE Practice Tests) (2015)

The flying wing: aeroplane of the future (FCE Gold Practice Exams) Gang thought bruegel was rubbish (FCE Gold Practice Exams) How television was invented (FCE Gold Practice Exams)

The great library in Alexandria (FCE Gold Practice Exams)

Television and reading (FCE Gold Practice Exams)

Traditional Cooking (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

April Fool's Day (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

Edvard Munch (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

Putting it off! (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

Technology (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

Mary Shelley's Story (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

Stress and Athletic Success (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

The Bronté sisters (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

Earthquakes (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

The computer mouse (FCE Practice Exam papers 2)

Film props (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

I rescue people at sea (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

Young entrepreneur of the year (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

TEST 100: A new museum (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

TEST 101: Perth (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

TEST 102: The T-Shirt (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

TEST 103: The importance of play (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

The crime that never was (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

Chewing-gum pollution (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

A talent for business (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

Urban cycling (Fast Track to FCE Tests)

Swallowed by the sea? (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

Adventures at sea (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

The truth is in there? (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

Entering the blogosphere (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

Tea (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

Stone circles (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

Blue jeans (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

The west end (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

The Red planet (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

Going bananas (FCE Practice exam paper 1)

Part 2 Open Cloze

You will read a short text which has 8 gaps For each gap you have to add the missing word In the exam you transfer your answer to a special answer sheet Part 2 tests your knowledge of grammar

Dos and don'ts

Make sure your handwriting is clear Look at the text before and after the gap Don't leave the answer sheet blank for any question If you don't know the correct answer you should always make a guess

Example: lo| B|IEI|EIN

A bicycle you can fold up

Folding bicycles have (0) around for quite some time now However, an amazing new Japanese version (9) be folded with a swiftness and efficiency never seen before This bike

is designed (10) that it is possible to fold it up quickly Once folded, you pull the bike along (TI) ease

This remarkable bike has a half-folding frame with a hinge in the middle And, although the basic idea

is (12) original, its inventor has created an especially clever variation, combining compactness CTS) ras convenience with smart design

Recently, folding bicycles (14) become very popular in Japan, particularly in congested urban areas like Tokyo, a city (15) every square centimetre of space is in great demand Japanese cyclists need to be able to store their bikes in tiny areas at home or the office And (16) they should want to take their bicycle on the underground, a folding model is a big advantage

Example: lo] vie

An Irish cookery school

In the last few years, a number of cockery schools have been set (0) in Ireland to promote lrish cooking (9) such school is run by Kathleen Doyle not (10) from the centre

of Dublin

‘| opened the school twelve years ago, says Kathleen ‘The schoo! was by no means an overnight success; | found (11) necessary to work hard to build up a reputation One of my advantages

was that I'd had problems with my own cooking I’ve made (12) mistake that it’s possible to

make, but (13) of this, | know what people do wrong from first-hand experience

UGE (IS) sii most cookery schools in Ireland, Kathleen initially copied the classical dishes of France and Italy and other countries (15) have a reputation for excellent food ‘Now though, things are changing, says Kathleen ‘We get excellent produce from Irish farms and, (16) a result, we’re encouraging students to create unique Irish dishes.’

But there are huge differences between the ways animals communicate and the ways human beings

do When animals make a sound, such (10) a bark or a call, it is in reaction to (11)

is happening around them An alarm call means they are frightened A hunger call means they want food Animals, though, cannot make a call meaning ‘I was scared yesterday’ or ‘I'll be hungry tomorrow: Only human beings are capable (12) doing this

Zoologists have had some success in teaching human language to animals (13) some famous experiments, chimpanzees have (14) taught to use their hands to give information

on a range of things Some animals have even managed to put signs together in (15) to make simple sentences However, getting them to do this takes a huge (16) of training

Example: [0 | öÌE|T|w|E|EÌN

Visit to a sweets factory

Today | am visiting a sweets factory, a building squeezed (0) a railway line and a canal (9) | watch, trucks filled with sugar arrive at the factory where this family-owned company has been making sweets for some 80 years

Being in a factory (10) this one is exactly (11) children dream of | am staring at huge vats of sticky liquid (12) eventually ends up as mouth-watering sweets Every now (13)

then | see a factory worker in a white coat put a sweet into her mouth

Ailsa Kelly, granddaughter of the company owner, remembers visiting the factory as (14) child with her grandfather ‘He would take me onto the factory floor and introduce me,’ she says ‘He told

me, “You may work here some day.” And indeed, she has, continuously, (15) 1999 The sense

of family is (16) of the reasons employees are remarkably loyal to the company

A short history of tattooing

recent years In (13) of the pain caused by having a needle make hundreds of holes

in their skin, millions of people (14) vary widely in age and background are nowadays

having their bodies decorated with ink in all kinds of ways

Many of today’s young people, (15) parents were the first generation to experiment with tattoos, see it as a way of expressing their individuality, and in (16) to do this,

they are constantly looking for new styles and designs (17) to this increasing demand, tattoo studios have appeared in many towns and villages

(18) people tend to think of it as a modern practice, tattooing has in fact been around for a long time There is evidence of tattoos being worn in Siberia over 4,000 years ago, as

(19) as in Ancient Egypt at that time, and it is thought to have existed in Japan 10,000 years ago Even (20) , it was not until the late 18" century, (21) Captain James

Cook sailed to Polynesia, that Europeans took an interest

It was on the island of Tahiti, (22) tattooing had an important role in society, that Cook

and his crew first saw tattooed men and women, and (23) of that, the English word

comes from the Tahitian word tatau Ever since then, sailors have had tattoos done, often

(24) show the distant places they have visited.

Example: ‘0 | I\N

How the Tour de France began

anywhere before

Nowadays we might think the aim of (15) an idea would be to bring in lots of television money, or even tourists, but at the beginning of the twentieth century what they wanted to do (16) sell more copies of their newspaper And they succeeded Circulation figures, (17)

had been 25,000, went to 65,000 within a year, and on to half a million by 1923

The reporters were in fact quite closely involved in organising the race, and Desgrange would

go (18) to remain Tour Director from 1903 right up to 1939 Even (19) , their initial design for the race changed in several important ways before the first one was run For

instance, they had intended (20) to be held over five weeks, but such a long race was just too much for most riders and very (21) wanted to take part

So it became half (22) length, and it would be run entirely in July (23) than from late May to early July As, however, it would still go right round France, the distance travelled each

day would be much longer, with cyclists sometimes (24) to ride at night

Diving in the Red Sea

The Red Sea coast of Egypt is surely one of the best places (0) !" the world to go underwater diving Its hot sunny climate and clear warm water make it the ideal place for beginners as

HÀ xu guzyyăn as for experienced divers, at any time of the year

từ over fifty diving centres in the area, many different types of diving are possible At centres for complete beginners there are training courses (15) include simple dives with

a qualified instructor These dives (16) them used to being underwater and teach some

basic skills (†7) as swimming and breathing below the surface

More experienced divers can choose (18) a vast range of possible activities and many of

these can be enjoyed (19) as part of a group or, if they prefer, alone Some like to explore

the coast of the National Park, where the steep cliffs extend underwater to a depth (20) more than seventy metres For dives of (21) kind it is advisable to be accompanied by a

guide, on (22) of the strong currents which can suddenly change direction

For really advanced divers, there are some fascinating wrecks at (23) bottom of the Red Sea (24) visits to these old ships require quite long boat trips, it is well worth going just

to see the huge variety of beautiful plants and fish down there

camel: [0] [clol | | | [TTT TTI Titi tt)

Safe camping

Camping in the countryside is usually great fun, but sometimes things can (0) 2° wrong

Accidents can happen, (13) it is essential to think about safety both before you go and

while you are there This will prevent your fun camping trip turning (14) something less

pleasant

and watch out for any reports of fires in the area you are thinking (16) going to Prepare

an emergency kít in (17) you or anyone with you has an accident or illness while you are

there

Choose your campsite carefully, avoiding any places (18) there is a risk of flooding

Before you put up your tent, make (19) there are no sharp objects on the ground, or ants’

or wasps’ nests nearby

In (20) to keep insects out of the tent, close it whenever you go in or out If you need a

camp fire for cooking, be careful (21) to build it anywhere near your tent, and before you

go to bed, remember to put it (22) completely, preferably with lots of water

After meals, pick up any bits of food that (23) be left on the ground, as these can attract

insects — or larger creatures It also makes sense, for (24) same reason, to keep unused

food in closed containers well away from the camp You don't want a hungry bear or other

animal suddenly appearing in your tent!

example: [0] [iim] | | | | | iT tt tty iti tt

Using mobile phones

Nowadays, just about everyone has a mobile phone This wonderful invention enables people

to stay (0) ."1 touch with others at any time of day or night and no (13) where they

are It has brought people closer and it (14) certainly have saved many lives by enabling

immediate contact with the emergency services

It also, on the other (15) , has its disadvantages Perhaps the most obvious of (16)

is the sound of people talking loudly into their phone on public transport, apparently unaware

i how much they are disturbing other travellers This is now starting to happen even

on aeroplanes, where until recently passengers (18) always told to keep their cell phones

switched off

listening to their every word

Finally, there is the sound of other people's ringtones, all too often (23) maximum volume

The owner of the phone may think their choice of music is cool, but everyone around them

probably just wishes they (24) turn it down = or off

Example: Lo] O|N.E£E

sky known (13) .+ the Northern Lights It is something everyone should see (14)

least once in their life

These lights, (15) are mainly visible in the Arctic region, are caused when material from

the sun reaches the Earth's magnetic field On the (16) the most common colours are green and red, although sometimes blue or purple lights can be seen They often look

(1? brightly coloured clouds dancing across the sky, in displays that can last several

BA you want to observe the Northern Lights, it’s best to get as close to the North

Pole as possible during the winter, in (19) of the extreme cold Seeing the lights in the

short Arctic summer is not really possible in view of the (20) that they are only visible in

darkness, and during the months (21) the sun never sets there is daylight 24 hours a day

Weather conditions also (22) a big difference The lights cannot be seen (23)

the sky is clear, so there must be no fog or heavy clouds Bright moonlight can also reduce the

intensity of the lights and because of (24) you should avoid any nights that have a full

moon.

Example: [0 | (LỊT

COMPETITION: YOUR IDEAL SCHOOL

Is your school just as you want (0) it to be? Or are there things you and your classmates (13) change, given the opportunity? This is your chance to express your ideas about (14) the ideal school is like Our competition is open to (15) student between the ages of twelve and eighteen You can enter (16) an individual

or your whole class can work together on a team entry Your entry can take any form -

a piece of writing, a picture, or even architectural plans It is completely (17) to

you What we are looking for is evidence (18) originality, imagination and, above (19) , the genuine views of young people

By (20) part in this, you will help in a study being carried out at a leading university

All work entered (21) the competition will be kept at the university and used in research Entries cannot be returned (22) of this But it also means that, even

Na ưx« you do not win, your views will still be heard and will remain for future educationalists to study

Entries must reach us no later (24) Friday 30 April Winners will receive valuable prizes

of computer equipment and software for their schools

Example: [| A|M|O|NIG

DICTIONARIES

Dictionaries are (0) 419" the most important tools of self-education (13) Samuel!

Johnson wrote his influential English dictionary in the eighteenth century, the work kept him busy for seven years At the end of that period he (14) written the meanings of over forty

thousand words Most modern dictionaries require a (15) deal less time and effort to write because writers often use earlier dictionaries (16) a source of reference

Nowadays, most dictionaries are put together by teams of writers, or lexicographers Sometimes they need to work together in meetings; at other times they work independently of (17) other, on different parts of the dictionary

CIEE suns one time, the starting point for deciding on which words to include used to be the

lexicographer’s own knowledge These days, teams (19) use of a large collection of

examples of (20) only writing but also everyday speech, which is known as a corpus Teams also refer (21) books and articles about language as (22) as asking experts

in particular subjects about the more specialised words Finally, ordinary people are asked to say what they think about the (23) the words are defined and (24) they find the

examples provided helpful or not

But help is at hand For all those keen to learn to swim properly, and so (21) advantage of

all the health benefits, there is now something known as the Shaw Method, developed by a

former competitive swimmer, Steven Shaw Shaw encourages people to think about their swimming technique and to concentrate on things (22) breathing correctly and making _ K5 that arm and leg movements work together (24) than against each other

There are 10,000 camps across the country, (15) are designed to look (16) youngsters from the age of six to eighteen The camps, lasting anything from one to eight weeks, are often situated in beautiful lakeside areas and there is (17) wide range of prices to suit every pocket The children typically do outdoor activities, including some challenging sports like climbing, or indoor activities (18) as drama, music or poetry

Peer the camps are not luxurious, the wooden cabins the young people sleep in are comfortable The timetable does not allow very (20) time for relaxing because the children

|) kept busy all the time The camps are popular with the children, and many come away

Hollywood

How was (0) È that Hollywood came to be the place everyone associates with the American film industry?

In 1887, Harvey Wilcox, a property developer, bought a house and all the surrounding land

on a hillside in southern California His wife overheard a woman talking on a train about her

other houses on his land and used the name for the whole community

In normal circumstances most people (16) never have heard of Hollywood But between 1908 and 1913 (17) else happened Many small independent film companies began moving to southern California (18) two main reasons Firstly, they were having problems (19) the larger, more powerful studios in New York Secondly, they were attracted by the sunny climate, which let them film throughout the year (20) the need for expensive lighting

Only one studio actually set (21) in Hollywood itself, because the local people took legal measures (22) prevent any more from arriving The other studios that came to

the area were all built outside Hollywood Nevertheless, by 1915 ‘Hollywood’ (23)

become familiar as a term for the movie business (24) a whole

Problems for actors

in them

Actors can have problems (15) a different kind when they are required to eat or drink on stage If they have (16) much food in their mouths, the words they say may not

oo clear, and they may even end up coughing or choking

Other problems can occur with food (18) films are being made In a recent film, during

OTST .———— a family was waiting to have a meal, one of the actors entered with a large roast

chicken on a tray and started cutting some meat from it while he was speaking Having cut off a whole chicken leg he completely forgot (20) his next words were The scene had to be

filmed (21) This would not really have mattered (22) there had been another

roast chicken in the studio, but there was not At (23) , nobody knew what to do, but eventually the problem was solved (24) putting a nail in the leg and attaching it back onto

the chicken

Example: (0 HỊf|S

Charles Dickens’ childhood experiences

Charles Dickens was one of the greatest nineteenth-century English novelists At the time of (0) .Ï2 death in 1870 he was a wealthy man, in contrast to the poverty of his early days His parents (13) their best to look after him but were always in difficulties (14) money Eventually, his father owed (15) a large amount of money that he was sent to prison for

three months

Two days after his twelfth birthday, Dickens was taken away from school by his parents and made (16) work in a factory to increase the family income Factories could be dangerous places in (17) days and some employers were cruel Charles was not (18)

extremely unhappy, but also ashamed of working there, and he (19) never forget that period of his life In his novels Dickens showed just how shocking working and living conditions

were

Working in the factory affected him so deeply that he found (20) much too painful to

speak about in later life His own wife and children knew (21) at all about the unhappiness of his childhood while Dickens was still alive, (22) shortly after his death a biography was published in (23) Dickens’ terrible childhood experiences in the factory were revealed (24) the first time

The Inferno was the invention of a British businessman called Henry Lunn, who came up

ee the idea of the package holiday in the early 1900s and began taking groups of people

to the Alps for winter sports Henry’s son, Arnold, grew very fond (18) Mirren and he

founded a ski club there in 1924 Four years (16) , seventeen of the club’s members took ert CUZ) sccnsccus the first Inferno race, from the top of the 2,970 metre Schilthorn mountain to Mirren below

In those early days, they (18) to climb for six hours from the railway station in Mirren 9) the start of the race Today, racers use a cable car which (20) about twenty minutes In the first race, the winning time for the fourteen-kilometre race was one hour, twelve minutes (21) days it tends to be almost exactly an hour less Although the skiers are very

ưu faster now, some things haven’t changed The course, (23) is steep and has

Vancouver in western Canada is named (0) #*£f Captain George Vancouver of the British

Royal Navy However, Captain Vancouver was not the first European (13) visit the area =

the coast (14) already been explored by the Spanish Nor did Captain Vancouver spend many days there, even (15) the scenery arnazed him and everyone else (16) WaS

The scenery still amazes visitors to (17) city of Vancouver today First-time visitors who

are (18) csessan Search of breathtaking views are usually directed to a beach about ten minutes

1 the city centre There, looking out over the sailing boats racing across the Dive

water, visitors see Vancouver's towering skyline backed by the magnificent Coast Mountains

The city is regularly picked by international travel associations (20) Mu s¿6 one of the worid’s best tourist destinations They are only confirming what the two million residents and eight million tourists visiting Greater Vancouver (21) single year are always saying: there is simply (22) other place on earth quite (23) it It’s not just the gorgeous setting that appeals to people, (24) also Vancouver's wide range of sporting, cultural and

Example: lo| T|HI£

My home town

| was born in one of (0) 24¢ most interesting cities in Malaysia It has a rich, colourful history and many parts of the city have hardly changed at (13) during the last five centuries However, nowadays, it is (14) longer the trade centre that it once (15) It is difficult

to imagine that at one time its harbour (16) to be visited by over 2,000 ships a week, and that the huge warehouses along the quayside would have (17) full of spices and silks, jewels and tea

The old city centre is small, which (18) it very easy to explore (19) foot A river neatly divides the town, (20) only physically but in spirit too On one side, you find many grand houses, but on crossing the river, you find yourself in ancient Chinatown, where you really 21) cwe~ a step back into the past

It is great fun to wander through the colourful, noisy backstreets As (22) as having shops that sell a wide range of clothes and shoes, some of these streets are also famous (23) high-quality antiques Unfortunately, most of the bargains disappeared many years ago However, (24) you look around carefully, you can still come across an interesting

souvenir

Dealing with waste plastic

Every year people throw (0) .2'Y4Y millions of tonnes of plastic bottles, boxes and wrapping,

These create huge mountains of waste that are extremely hard to get (13) of Now a new recycling process promises to reduce this problem by turning old plastic (14) new

Scientists have taken (15) long time to develop their ideas because waste plastic has always been a bigger problem (16) substances like waste paper You can bury plastic, but

it takes many years to break down If you burn it, it just becomes another form of pollution A NUT) vcsccvese products, for example bottles, can be re-used, but it is expensive or difficult to do this (18) a lot of plastic products

Now a group of companies has developed a new method (19) recycling that could save almost (20) plastic waste Nearly every type of waste plastic can be used: it does H;uas« have to be sorted In addition, labels and ink may be left (22) the products Everything is simply mixed together (23) heated to more than 400 degrees centigrade aaa that it melts It is then cooled, producing a waxy substance that can be used to make new plastic products, including computer hardware

A new cruise ship

One (0) Of the biggest passenger ships in history, the /sland Princess, carries people on cruises around the Caribbean More than double (13) weight of the Titanic (the large passenger ship which sank in 1912), it was (14) large to be built in (15) piece Instead, 48 sections (16) total were made in different places The ship was then put together at a shipbuilding yard in Italy

The huge weight of the /siand Princess is partly due to her enormous height, (17) is an incredible 41 metres When compared with the Titanic, she is also a much broader ship As (CBP vce as length is concerned, there's little difference — the /sland Princess is over 250 metres long, similar to the length of the Titanic

The /sland Princess can carry (19) .- to 2,600 passengers and has 1,321 cabins, including

25 specially designed (20) use by disabled passengers There is entertainment on board

to suit (21) age and interest, from dancing to good drama The /sland Princess seems very likely to be a popular holiday choice for many years to (22) , even though most people will

x | to save up in order to be (24) to afford the trip

Example: |o| FIO\R

A man of many parts

Life on a remote Scottish island is wonderfully peaceful But (0) one local, Hamish McAlpine, life is far from relaxing This is because Hamish has fourteen jobs (13) he meets me off the ferry, harbour master Hamish is the one and (14) person in sight Luckily, he is also the island’s taxi driver, so he takes me to the hotel, (15) he owns He can even (16) found serving behind the counter at the local shop

It all started not (17) after Hamish married his wife Donna in 1964 The couple were asked (18) they would like to run the post office Then Hamish found himself agreeing to become fire chief, policeman and coastguard Now, having given 35 years of devoted service, Hamish (19) about to retire But who will (20) over his jobs? Can one person do it all or will the jobs have to be split up?

Apart (21) their week-long honeymoon on the mainland, the couple have had hardly (22) holidays ‘Donna and | have worked together every day for the last 35 years But who knows, once we have lots of time on our hands we (23) find we can’t stand the sight of each (24) ,’ says Hamish, his eyes twinkling mischievously

The first 143 houses of his model village, called Bournville, (17) built on ground next to the factory in 1895 A (18) workers were able to buy theirs cheaply while the majority paid a fair rent (19) house had a large garden All these gardens were cultivated to supply the villagers (20) fresh fruit and vegetables (21) tenth of the village area was given over to public

Bournville is a continuing success story and today has more than 8,000 homes Cadbury’s model village gave rise (24) the idea of the ‘garden city’ and has had many imitators in Europe and

the United States

Example: lo| B\E\E\N

History from the sea

An ancient ship has (0) discovered beneath the waters of the Mediterranean The ship, (13) sank off the coast of Tunisia more than 2,300 years ago, is already giving historians fresh insights (14) trade and diet in the ancient world

The remains of the ship (15) found last August on the final day of an expedition undertaken (16) American scientist Robin Asquith Three of his team, (17) were using a miniature submarine to explore the seabed, spotted rows of storage jars and some rotted wood (18)

of the jars was brought to the surface by a diver, and inside it the scientists found bones belonging

to freshwater fish, and some olive stones

After examining the contents and design of the jar and other evidence, Dr Asquith concluded that the ship (19) been following a trade route when (20) sank, probably in a storm

He intends to return to the site of the shipwreck, 32 km from the coast, (21) that he can conduct further investigations He hopes to excavate making use (22) a new robot that uses sound to make a computer plan of the wreck, and in this way create (23) accurate picture of (24) the ship looked like

Example: lo| HỊA|S

A hotel famous for its food

The Riverside Hotel (0) had a reputation for excellent food ever (13) the day it opened

in 1949 In the previous year, a businessman called Henry Davies was reading a newspaper when

he suddenly (14) across an advertisement showing a house (15) sale overlooking a river The advertisement interested him because for several years he had been thinking (16) converting a family home (17) a hotel The house seemed to be exactly (18) he was looking for

Davies (19) soon running the hotel himself, but hired a top chef, Geoffrey Dawson, to be in charge of the cooking Within six months, the restaurant was (20) heavily booked that Davies had to take on new kitchen staff The partnership lasted for almost 50 years During (21) time, the hotel won several awards for the quality of its food

Today, in the hotel business, the names Davies and Dawson are still held in considerable respect Indeed, (22) the years, the Riverside Hotel has inspired many other hotel owners (23) create similar hotels Under the present owner, Sally Rutland, the excellence of the food remains unchanged, and Sally has personally trained (24) number of chefs who have gone on to

become famous in their field

(HH Peer made him a genius was his perfect style, rather (16) the quantity of objects he (17) juggle

Rastelli’s contributions to juggling were many He started using rubber balls (18) of the

cotton balls that were (19) use at the time These rubber balls are now standard It was Rastelli, too, who began the now commonly seen practice (20) throwing a ball into the air, and then catching (21) on a stick held in his mouth

Enrico Rastelli was born into a circus family in Siberia in 1896 Although he spent some of his early years in Italy, it (22) in Russia that he acquired his juggling skills It was not uncommon

(23) .28 him to practise twelve hours a day, and this dedication was reflected in his astonishing performances The degree of control shown (24) Enrico Rastelli has never been equalled

Example: loi A|LIL

When graphology is being used, job applicants (16) asked to submit a sample of their

handwriting This reveals characteristics ranging from honesty and thoroughness (17)

anxiety and aggression Sturgeon says, ‘From the sample, we analyse an applicant’s aptitude for a job; for example, whether they would be capable (18) dealing with pressure.’ What

happens, though, (19) applicants refuse to take a writing test? Sturgeon says, ‘Refusing a test in itself tells you a lot (20) an applicant’s character It (21) made clear to them

that handwriting analysis is only part of the process, and is used together (22) other tests,

CVs and interviews If someone doesn't get a job, it won’t be just (23) of their handwriting

Almost certainly, they wouldn’t (24) got the job anyway.’

Example: lo] I|8

A new kind of pollution

Air pollution is a well-known problem, but now light pollution (0) also causing concern Light pollution occurs because there are many electric lights around us which are so powerful that

(13) stop us seeing the stars in the night sky It is now (1 4) a problem that in some places people (15) outdoor lighting is too bright could even (16) given a heavy fine Business owners, supermarkets and even home-owners (17) . - install security lights may

face legal action if their lights are (18) bright that they spoil their neighbours’ enjoyment of

the night sky

Amazingly, many children growing up in big cities today (19) never seen the night sky

properly because of the increase in light pollution And it is (20) only in cities — people living

in the country are also affected (21) lights from nearby towns lt is a problem for those

simply trying to enjoy the stars, and for serious astronomers Ge) eesvorcnm well

One university in the UK has come up (23) .- an interesting solution It has built a telescope in the Canary Islands and allows schools to use this via the internet But it does seem ridiculous that

children can’t see the stars properly (24) using their computers!

Example: H A

The Ryder Cup

The Ryder Cup is (0) famous golf tournament and it is now one of the biggest events in sport Tickets regularly sell out within hours (13) going on sale (14) makes it different

from other golf tournaments is that it involves teams rather (1 ee individuals, with Europe

competing against the USA There is no prize money, but emotions run high The players enjoy

experiencing again the original feelings that made (16) take up the sport in the first place (17) year the number of spectators is huge

It began with an agreement (18) two men, Samuel Ryder and Walter Hagen Ryder was a businessman, while Hagen was the first international star of the professional game In (19) .-

of their different backgrounds, the two men were able to work together to organise the first match

between Britain and the USA From (20) on, the tournament was played every two years

From 1935 to 1983, the USA dominated the game But (21) other European countries joined

the British (22) take on the Americans, everything changed From (23) time, every Ryder Cup competition (24) provided a gripping battle for spectators

For anyone who wants either to film (0) study great white sharks, Australian

expert, Rodney Fox, is the first contact Fox knows exactly (16) the sharks will

be at different times of the year; and can even predict (17) they will behave

around blood, divers and other sharks He understands them as well as (18)

else alive In fact, he’s lucky to be alive; a ‘great white’ once (19) to bite him in

half

Three decades (20) this near-fatal attack, Fox still carries the physical scars, but

feels (21) hate for his attacker Instead he organises three or four trips (22)

year to bring scientists and photographers to the kingdom of the great white shark

(23) main aim of these trips is to improve people’s understanding of an animal

(24) evil reputation has become an excuse for killing it

Great white sharks are not as amusing as dolphins and seals, (25) their role in

the ocean is critical They kill off sick animals, helping to prevent the spread (26)

disease and to maintain the balance in the ocean’s food chains Fox feels a

responsibility to act (27) a guardian of great white sharks (28) the scientists,

film makers and photographers can communicate their sense of wonder (29)

other people, he is confident that understanding (30) replace hatred

THE HORSE IN ART

There is little doubt that (0) of the chief roles of the horse in art, just (16) in life,

is that of our servant and companion We can have very little idea of (17) a horse

feels in its natural state Left to itself, (18) is unlikely that it would pull a plough,

take a soldier (19) a dangerous situation in battle, (20) do most of the other

things that have attracted painters and writers to the animal ever (21) the dawn

of history

The horse is controlled (22) the wishes of its owner When we describe it, we

say it has (23) virtues and qualities we most admire in ourselves and it is as the

symbol (24) these qualities that it has so often (25) praised by painters and

poets Then we must consider the horse’s own beauty, speed and strength

(26) truth, the picture we (27) most frequently moved by, in both art and

literature, is actually a single image that combines all the advantages of the animal

and its rider An outstanding example of (28) is provided by the school of

sculpture and painting in (29) the authority and personality of individuals is

emphasised by the (30) that they are on horseback

CYCLING ROUND CORNERS

Taking a corner is one of the (0) satisfying moves you can make on a bike It’s

fun, it’s exciting, and it also happens (16) be one of the hardest things to learn

Even (17) experienced rider can always (18) improvements in this area Good

cornering is the ability to cycle through a turn (19) full control, no matter (20)

the conditions This might mean racing (21) high speed down a winding

descent, but just (22) important is the ability to deal with a slow, sharp turn

(23) you are touring with lots of luggage In (24) these cases there are some

general points to remember

When going very slowly you can steer through a corner using your hands on the

handlebars (25) , as speed increases, any sudden turning of the front wheel

(26) likely to result in loss of control To avoid (27) effect, a bike must be

turned by leaning it, by steering with the body instead of the hands On sharp turns

of more (28) about 70 degrees, even this is (29) enough: you must also lower

your body towards the bike as much as you (30) to help keep it from slipping out

from under you When you are cornering correctly you will feel very solid It’s a

good feeling — exciting but not really dangerous

Example: | 09 to

MISSION TO MARS

The Americans are keen to win the race (0) send human beings to Mars In 1992,

the new boss of NASA’, Dan Goldin, called on the American people to be the first to

send explorers to (16) planet in the solar system He reminded them (17) the

symbolic gift carried to the moon and back by the Apollo 11 mission It bears (18)

message intended for the crew of the first spaceship to visit Mars Goldin thinks

(19) is time to begin the preparations (20) this historic journey His speech

echoed the words of the President, (21) promised that in 2019, 50 years after Neil

Armstrong (22) the first man to set foot on the Moon, the first astronaut (23)

stand on Mars

(24) the end of the twentieth century, various unmanned spaceships will (25)

thoroughly investigated the surface of the planet But, however clever a robot

(26) be, it cannot match the type of information (27) can be gained from direct

human experience The first geologist on the moon, Harrison Schmitt, was (28) of

interpreting the story of the landscape on the spot (29) humans walk on the red

deserts of Mars, we will not be able to determine the history of this frozen world

(30) any detail

* The North American Space Agency

WRITING A STORY

Where do you start if you want (0) write a successful story? Clearly, what you

need first of (16) is an idea which you can develop into a strong plot But

(17) do ideas like this come from? The (18) is ‘anywhere and everywhere’

They may come from something that has (19) to you or to (20) else, from a

newspaper, an interesting picture, or even a song It’s a good idea to keep a

notebook nearby (21) that you can write down the details of any odd incidents

(22) catch your imagination Make a note of ideas (23) titles too, and any

special phrases or descriptions that you think of A small tape recorder can

(24) useful for this purpose Some writers even keep (25) by their bed in

(26) they wake up with the ‘idea of the century’

Another method of developing the story is to make use (27) the characters

themselves Why not (28) putting three people you know well into a situation

such as a wedding, where feelings may be very strong, and see (29) happens

But don’t make the final characters too much like your Aunt Jane or Uncle Jim or

you may find (30) in real trouble

FAMILY PHOTOGRAPHS

A family portrait is a valuable picture — (0) is fun to look at now, it’s great for

relatives far (16) , and it will bring back memories in the years to come Families

change quickly as children grow, (17) don’t wait, whatever your position in the

family — photograph your family group now, and plan to make this (18) regular

event Your family album isn’t really complete (19) this record of all of you

together

Getting the (20) of the family together isn’t always easy, and so you will need to

plan ahead to be sure (21) has time to pose A relaxed, friendly feeling is

(22) makes the picture, and you can’t expect people to relax (23) they’re in

a hurry to do (24) else Make your plans when you’re all together and (25) a

cheerful, friendly mood — say, during a meal, and set a time convenient (26)

everyone

A family portrait takes some technical planning, too Make (27) your mind in

advance (28) room you want to use; choose your camera position and check

the lighting If you want to be in the picture, make sure you know exactly (29)

the self-timer on your camera operates With most cameras, you'll have from eight

(30) twelve seconds to get into the picture after you press the shutter button