Khóa luận tốt nghiệp Hệ thống thông tin: Building a blood donation application

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HCM UNIVERSITY OE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYFACULTY OF INFORMATION SYSTEM BUI QUANG ANH GRADUATE THESIS BUILDING A BLOOD DONATION APPLICATION BACHELOR OF ENGINEER

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HCM UNIVERSITY OE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF INFORMATION SYSTEM

BUI QUANG ANH

GRADUATE THESIS

BUILDING A BLOOD DONATION

APPLICATION

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS

HO CHI MINH CITY, 2023

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HCM UNIVERSITY OE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF INFORMATION SYSTEM

BUI QUANG ANH - 18520441

HO CHI MINH CITY, 2023

INFORMATION ON THE GRADUATE THESIS BOARD

Graduation thesis grading committee, established under Decision No.

" bbeteeeeeeeeeeeeeee ees dated of the Rector of the University of

1 - Chairman.

PA ôốỐỐ - Secretary.

E - Member

The thesis topic of building a blood donation application on the mobile platform is

the content that I researched and made my graduation thesis after studying at the

Faculty of Information Systems, University of Information Systems, University of Information Technology - Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City While researching and completing the thesis, I received a lot of attention and support from teachers, colleagues, family, and friends For the successful completion of this

thesis, I would like to express my sincere thanks to:

Faculty of Information Systems, University of Information Technology - Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City has created a very good learning and

training environment, providing me with useful knowledge and skills to help me

apply and improve my skills advantages in writing the thesis.

Instructor PhD Do Trong Hop is a teacher who wholeheartedly guided and helped

me throughout researching and writing this thesis He gave me some ideas and

suggestions to help me complete this research.

I would also like to thank the Board of Directors and teachers at the University of

Information Technology for allowing me to study and work at the university to gain practical knowledge and experience I have helpful information for my thesis.

Finally, I would like to thank my family and friends for always encouraging me and creating the best conditions for me to strive to complete my research project well Sincerely thank!

UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

ADVANCED PROGRAM AEF

IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Advanced Education

Program

OUTLINE DETAILS

THESIS TITLE: BUILDING A BLOOD DONATION APPLICATION

Advisor: Do Trong Hop (Ph.D.)

Ta Thu Thuy (MSc.) Duration: From August 2022 to January 2023

Student: Bui Quang Anh - 18520441

Contents:

1 Overview

e@ Blood donation is a vital part of worldwide healthcare It allows for blood

transfusion as a life-sustaining and life-saving procedure Over one hundred million units of blood are donated each year throughout the world This

activity reviews donor eligibility and selection, adverse effects of donation, and pathogen reduction and inactivation for donated blood This activity highlights the role of the interprofessional team in ensuring appropriate protocol is followed.

e@ With a rapid increase in the usage of social network sites across the world,

there is also a steady increase in blood donation requests as is noticed in the number of posts on these sites such as Facebook and Twitter seeking blood donors Finding blood donors is a challenging issue in almost every country There are some blood donor finder applications in the market such as the

Blood app by Red Cross and the Blood Donor Finder application by

Neologix However, more reliable applications that meet the needs of users are prompted.

e Pre-donation information is linked to the process of donor selection in which

everyone’s suitability to donate is carefully assessed against a set of criteria (2,18) [1] related to their medical history and risk for TTI This is followed

by a basic health check to:

- Ascertain that they are healthy, suitable to give blood, and will not

be harmed by blood donation.

- Avoid collecting blood from individuals who may be unsuitable due

to the risk of TTI or other health factors that may harm patients.

e The main reason for building a blood donation application was to help create

an application that can help improve the efficiency of the blood donor

selection and blood collection process by adding the step of confirming information after the user fills in This application includes 3 main

- Create a convenient and secure exchange environment Meet the

needs of blood donors or recipients of blood from users.

- Research- related technologies.

- Design UI/UX for App.

- Build App based on documents.

- Test ona real mobile phone

Research timelines:

1 Implementation plan:

Work description Time

Research topic: Aug 10, 2022 — Aug 15, 2022 (5 days)

Aug 16, 2022 — Aug 26, 2022(10 days)

Build App: (Code) Aug 27, 2022 — Dec 20, 2022(115 days)

Test products Dec 21,2022 — Dec 28,2022(7 days)

Write report Nov 28,2022 — Dec 28,2022(30 days)

Approved by the advisor(s) Ho Chi Minh City, / / Signature(s) of advisor(s) Signature(s) of student(s)

Table of contents

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2.2.1 Introduction.

2.2.2 Controls in AndrOid ¿+ + Sky 21 2.3 Java Overview.

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2.4 Introduction Firebase c.ccccecscsecseseescesesesneeseseseeeseseseseeeeseseeseeeneeeee 27

2.4.1 Definition

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Figure 2.9 AuthenfICafIO - - c1 1v HH TH HH nh 30Figure 2.10 Sign-in me€thOỞ - c1 8318831118331 1 891 18 1119 1119 ve 30Figure 2.11 Cloud meSSaØ1n G1101 113101 11911 91H HH ng 31Figure 2.12 Firebase database Query cccccssccsssecesseeeseeeeseeeeeeceeeceaeessaeeeseeeeeneesaes 31Figure 2.13Java-Mail Architect cccceccccssecescceseecesceeeeeeeseeeeneeeseeeeaeessaeeesaeenseeenaes 32Figure 2.14 JavaMail in appÏICafIOT c2 11210189311 111 119 1 v.v nh re 33

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Figure 3.9 View User List Activity D1aØTAIm - - c S11 vs series 53

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Figure 3.13 Log out Sequence Diagram < + v1 re 59Figure 3.14 Register Sequence ÏDiagTram -. - c 1x v1 re 60Figure 3.15 View List User Diagram - 5 + + 1xx HH HH ng rưệt 61Figure 3.16 Edit POIÏC «111 1 1 3 9 2 TH HH HH Hư Hưng nh 62Figure 3.17 Notification Sequence D1agTam - - - - s + xxx ssieseeere 63Figure 3.18 Make an appointment 4 5 5 E1 11 931 11 1 1 nh nh ng tr 64Figure 3.19 Accept Request Sequence [Diagøram - «+ + s+++kx+seexeseesesers 65Figure 3.20 Refuse Request Sequence DiagøTam - - 5+ ++< + s*++se++eexseeseeers 66Figure 3.21 Login Page 6 + St TT TH HH TH HH rệt 69

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Figure 3.32 Choose day and time to make an appoInfImeIi «<s« 80

Figure 3.33 Confirm information ccccscccescesseceeseeeseeeeeeseeeceeeeeseeseaeeseaeensneeeaes 81

Table catalog

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Currently, the medical issue is very focused, on the need for blood for surgery,

emergency treatment for serious patients due to injuries, traffic accidents, and

serious diseases such as cancer, and chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis Inwhich there are emergency surgeries that require several dozen units of blood Thisleads to the need for blood donation becoming a necessity However, it is difficult

to find blood donors and blood donors who know the need for blood They may not

be able to reach through media or articles, so it becomes difficult for people in need

of blood to reach blood donors or vice versa To solve the above problems, the

blood donation application is built to be a place where blood donors and people in

need of blood or hospitals can find the blood type in need in the fastest way Alongwith the rapid increase in the use of mobile applications worldwide, the blood

donation application built on the Android platform makes it possible for users to

have an application to use on their mobile devices The blood donation application

is built with features such as registering a user account with the necessary

information, displaying other user information whose group matches the blood type

of the registrant, and helping users able to donate blood Make an appointment withthe hospital to make a blood donation, receive notifications from people who want

to receive blood, and search for their desired blood type From there, the problem offinding blood becomes easier and the problem of anemia will be improved ProblemStatement

Chapter 1 Problem Statement

12 Reason

Due to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, blood donation has encountered a

shortage of blood for treatment or emergency treatment for patients Anemia is

becoming a factor that needs to be overcome quickly to ensure stability in medical

problems In the urgency of ensuring blood supply for emergency and treatment, a

blood donation application was developed In the current information technology

era, mobile phones are indispensable devices for people The increasing demand forinformation exchange and the need to use high-tech products with many features,

high configuration, high quality, beautiful designs, and richness, so suppliers mustalways improve and improve their products your device products Therefore,

building applications for mobile phones is a potential new industry and promises

many great developments in the science and technology industry

Along with the development of the mobile phone, the market is strong development

the trend of application software programming for mobile devices Application

software for phones is now very diverse and popular: Android, iOS, and J2MF Afew years later, the Android operating system was born with the inheritance of

advantages of the operating systems that were born Before the combination of themost advanced technologies, the famous developer of today's technology was

Google Android quickly became a strong competitor to previous operating systemsand was the most popular

Today, with the rapid development of society, most people use smartphones, the

internet is everywhere, and Wi-Fi is everywhere, so you can access the internet andeverything you need The need to change information and communicate anytime,

anywhere is very necessary, so I chose the topic "Building a blood donation

application on Android" This application helps users to participate in blood

donation or find the right blood type quickly and safely

1.3 Purpose

Building blood donation applications on Android phones satisfied:

+ Simple, easy to use intuitive interface, easy to manipulate.

+ Suitable for widely deployed applications, the expansion is less expensive

+ The system is easy to maintain and develop

+ Make sure to meet the user’s needs.

+ Building safe and reliable applications

1.4 Subject and scope of the study

1.4.1 Subject:

The first important object in this study is the donor blood type of the donor There

are four main blood types and eight different blood types In medicine, this is called

the ABO Blood Group System The four main blood groups are A, B, O, or AB andeach type can be positive or negative, so we have 8 blood groups used to donate

blood including A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, O- Blood groups are allowed to

donate according to the chart below:

Figure 1.1 Blood donation chart

1.4.2 Scope of the study:

In this topic, the application focuses on developing search and scheduling features

for users

The scope of the study is divided into 2 users:

+ Blood donors: Provide blood donation information and respond to results when

the person in need of blood sends a request

+ Blood recipients: Search for people who are donating blood matching their bloodtype Submit a request to receive blood from a blood donor

+ Hospitals: A place where blood donors and recipients can choose to conduct

blood donation or blood exchange

1.5 Report Structure

Chapter 1: - Problem Statement: State the reason for choosing the topic, purpose,object, and scope of the research

Chapter 2: - Overview: Analyze and evaluate existing research directions of

domestic and foreign authors related to the topic; state outstanding issues; points outthe problems that the topic needs to focus on, and research to solve

Chapter 3: -Analysis and design: Presenting theoretical basis, theory, scientific

hypothesis, and research methods used in the thesis

Chapter 4: - Experimental Results: Briefly describe the scientific research work

carried out, the results of the scientific research, or the experimental results For

application topics that result in software products, there must be design, and

installation, according to learned models (UML, )

Chapter 5: - Summary and Future work: Present the results achieved, new

contributions, and new proposals The conclusion should be brief, without further

discussion and commentary

10

Chapter 6: - References: Include materials cited, used, and mentioned for

discussion in the thesis

Chapter 2 Overview

There is now an application built related to this blood donation, which is the BloodDonor application [1] This application is an application to look up blood donor

information and blood donation locations and chat on the application of the

National Institute of Hematology - Blood Transfusion Following the development

of User-oriented Blood, Donor application is blood donors Blood Donor activities

include providing blood to hospitals, looking up hospitals, blood donation history,

grouping blood donors together, registering to donate blood online, and tracking theblood unit journey gives The application has identified the audience to use the

application and has built the application to meet the needs of the customer and builtthe application with a user-friendly interface The app's developers have determinedthat the main goal of the app is to increase the number of blood donors and thereby

provide users with what they need so that they can donate blood However, this

application is not aimed at people in need of blood because the application only

focuses on blood donation to hospitals So, the application is only used for donors

and hospitals If someone needs blood and needs to look up a blood donor, it will

not be possible through this application With the above problem, I realize that there

is still an outstanding problem to be solved that is the application needs to connect

more people in need of blood with the application to expand the ability to supply

blood from the donor to the person in need This problem of the application is veryimportant because it affects the time to receive the blood of the person in need of

blood If the time to receive blood is improved, the success rate of the patient's

emergency will be increased Therefore, the wide connection of users is a problemthat needs to be solved To solve this missing problem, a blood donation application

has been built that allows 3 participants including blood recipients, blood donors,

and hospitals

lãi

2.1 Android OS Overview [1]

2.1.1 Introduction

Android is an open-source and Linux-based Operating System for mobile devices

such as smartphones and tablet computers Android was developed by the Open

Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies Android offers a unified

approach to application development for mobile devices which means developers

need only develop for Android, and their applications should be able to run on

different devices powered by Android The first beta version of the Android

Software Development Kit (SDK) was released by Google in 2007 whereas the firstcommercial version, Android 1.0, was released in September 2008 On June 27,

2012, at the Google I/O conference, Google announced the next Android version,

4.1 Jellybean Jellybean is an incremental update, with the primary aim of

improving the user interface, both in terms of functionality and performance The

source code for Android is available under free and open-source software licenses.Google publishes most of the code under the Apache License version 2.0 and the

rest, Linux kernel changes, under the GNU General Public License version 2 The

android platform integrates many outstanding features:

e Beautiful UI: Android OS basic screen provides a beautiful and intuitive user

interface

e Connectivity: GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi,

LTE, NFC, and WiMAX

e Storage: SQLite, a lightweight relational database, is used for data storage

purposes.

e Media support: H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR, AMR-WB, AAC, HE-AAC,

AAC 5.1, MP3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP

e Messaging: SMS and MMS

e Web browser: Based on the open-source WebKit layout engine, coupled with

Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine supporting HTMLS and CSS3

12

e Multi-touch: Android has native support for multi-touch which was initially

made available in handsets such as HTC Hero

e@ Multi-tasking: The user can jump from one task to another, and at the same time

various applications can run simultaneously

e Resizable widgets: Widgets are resizable, so users can expand them to show

more content or shrink them to save space

e Multi-Language: Supports single-direction and bi-directional text.

e GCM: Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) is a service that lets developers send

short message data to their users on Android devices, without needing a

proprietary sync solution

e Wi-Fi Direct: A technology that lets apps discover and pair directly, over a

high-bandwidth peer-to-peer connection

e Android Beam: A popular NFC-based technology that lets users instantly share,

just by touching two NFC-enabled phones together

2.1.2 Characteristics

a Open source

Android is built from the ground up allowing developers to create

compelling mobile apps that take full advantage of the strengths of existinghandsets Android is completely open, an application can call any of the corephone functions such as making calls, sending messages, or using the

camera, allowing developers to create richer, more connected features

capabilities for users Android is built on the open Linux kernel In addition,

it uses a virtual machine that has been optimized for memory and hardwarefor mobile environments Android, which is open source, it can be extended

to freely combine emerging technologies This platform will continue to be

developed by the development community to create perfect mobileapplications

b Inter-app integration

13

With Android, there is no difference between basic phone apps and

third-party apps They are built for equal access to a wide range of phoneapplications and services With devices built on the Android platform, userscan fully satisfy the needs they like We can change the background screen,phone call pattern, or any application We can even instruct the phone to only

view the photos we like

c Higher Success Ratio

Android provides a large library of application programming interfaces and

tools for writing complex applications For example, Android can allowdevelopers to know the device's location and allow devices to communicatewith each other to create a widespread peer-to-peer social network In

addition, Android includes a full set of tools that make development easy

2.1.3 Architecture Android

Android is an open-source and Linux- grounded Operating System for mobile bias

like smartphones and tablet computers Android was developed by the Open

Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies Android offers a unified

approach to operation development for mobile bias which means inventors need

only develop for Android, and their operations should be suitable to run on differentbiases powered by Android The first beta interpretation of the Android Software

Development Kit (SDK) was released by Google in 2007 whereas the first

marketable interpretation, Android1.0, was released in September 2008 On June

27, 2012, at the Google I/ O conference, Google blazoned the coming Android

interpretation,4.1 Jellybean Jellybean is an incremental update, with the primary

end of perfecting the stoner interface, both in terms of functionality and

performance The source law for Android is available under free and open-source

software licenses Google publishes the utmost of the law under the Apache Licenseinterpretation2.0 and the rest, Linux kernel changes, under the GNU General PublicLicense interpretation 2 The android platform integrates numerous outstanding

features

14

An illustration of the architecture of an android, showing its several key

components and their supporting elements

APPLICATIONS

Contacts Phone Browser

APPLICATION FRAMEWORK

Activity Window Content View Notification

Manager Manager Providers System Manager

Package Telephony Resource Location XMPP Manager Manager Manager Manager Service

LIBRARIES ANDROID RUNTIME

Surface Media Android Runtime

Manager Framework (ART)

Core

LINUX KERNEL

Camera Bluetooth Flash Memory Binder (IPC)

Driver Driver Driver Driver

Figure 2.1 Architecture of Android

a Applications

This is a communication application layer with users, including applicationssuch as basic applications, installed immediately with the operating system iscalling (phone), management of contacts (contacts), browsing the web

(Browser), messaging (SMS), working calendar (Calendar), reading e-mail

15

(email-client), map (map), filming (camera) The applications are added as

more like Securities software (stock), games (games), dictionaries

b Application Framework

This layer builds the toolkit - the elements are at a high level so that

programmers can quickly build the application It is written in Java, which

has general usability to save resources

This is an open platform that has 2 advantages:

e For phone manufacturers: Can be customized to suit the phone

configuration they produce as well as to have a variety of models andstyles suitable to user tastes Therefore, despite sharing the same

android platform, Google's phones can be different from Motorola,HTC, T-Mobile, and Samsung

e For programmers: Allows programmers to use the APIs on the upper

tier without having to understand the underlying structure, givingprogrammers the freedom to be creative because they only need tocare about the content that the application they work on A very usefulset of pre-built APIs such as navigation systems, background services,

communication between applications, and high-level interface

components

Introduce some of the components of this section:

e Activity Manager: Manage the life cycles of an application as well as

provide tools to control activities

e Telephony Manage: Provides tools to perform communications such

as phone calls

e XMPP Service: Provides tools for real-time communication.

e Location Manager: Allows to determine the location of the phone

based on the global positioning system GPS and Google Maps

16

e@ Window Manager: Manage the construction and display of user

interfaces as well as organize the management of interfaces betweenapplications

e Notification Manager: Manage the display of notifications (such as

alerts with messages, new e-mails, etc.)

e Resource Manager: Manage static resources of applications including

image, sound, layout, and string files (Components that are notwritten in programming languages)

c Libraries and Android runtime

> Android Runtime

Android has a core library set to provide most of the functions

available in the core library of Java programming language

e Android Runtime: including Dalvik virtual machines and

Android libraries

e Basic libraries: Android apps are developed on a Java

environment, but Dalvik is not a Java VM Android's basiclibraries provide oysters with all the functions in Java's basic

library as well as Android's library

e Dalvik Virtual Machine: Dalvik is a virtual machine for

running Android applications, optimized to ensure that onedevice can efficiently run multiple instances It relies on the

Linux kernel for multithreading and low-level memory

management.

This section has many libraries written in C/C++ so that software can

be used, those libraries are gathered into several groups such as:

e System library (System c library): a library based on the c

standard, used only by the operating system

17

e Media Libraries: There are many codecs to support the

playback and recording of common audio, image, and video

formats

e Web Library (LibWebCore): This is a component for viewing

content on the web, used to build web browsing software(Android Browse) as well as for other applications to embed It

is extremely powerful, supporting many powerful technologiessuch as HTMLS, JavaScript, CSS, DOM, and AJAX

e SQLite Library: The database system that applications can use

> Libraries

Android provides several APIs for application development The

following list of basic APIs is provided by all Android-based devices:

e android.util: The basic utility package includes many low-level

classes such as management classes (List, Stack ) stringprocessing classes, and XML processing classes

e android.os: An operating system package that provides access

to basic services such as message passing, communication, clocking, and debugging

cross-e android.graphics: Providcross-es low-lcross-evcross-el graphics classcross-es that

perform basic graphics, color, and drawing functions

e@ android.text: Text processing and rendering engine.

e@ android.database: Provides the required low-level classes for

cursor control when working with databases

® android.content: Content programming interfaces used to

manage data access and publishing by providing resourcemanipulation services, Content Providers, and packages

e android.view: View is the most basic user interface layer All

user interfaces are created using a set of Views to providecomponents for user interaction

18

e android.widget: Built on top of the View package Widget

classes are pre-built interface components used to create user

interfaces Widgets include lists, buttons, input boxes, and

layouts

e com.google.android.maps: A set of high-level APIs that

provide access to built-in Android map controls from the builtapplication Includes both the MapView class as well as the

Overlay and MapController for interacting with the map insidethe application

e android.app: A package of high-level libraries that provide

access to application data The App Bundle also includes theActivity and Service classes which are the basic components ofevery Android application

e android.provider: To facilitate developer access to standard

Content Providers (such as directory data), the Provider

package includes classes that allow access to the standard

database in all Android distributions

e android.telephony: Telephony APIs that provide direct

interaction with the telephony layer in devices, allowing to

creation, receiving, and track calls, the status of calls, and SMS

messages.

e@ android.webkit: The WebKit package that provides APIs for

working with Web-based content includes a WebView classfor creating web interfaces, embedded in applications, and acookie manager

Along with the Android APIs, there is also a set of C/C++ libraries

such as:

e@ OpenGL: A library for creating 3D graphics based on the

OpenGLES 1.0 API standard

19

e FreeType: Supports bitmap and vector font processing.

e GGL: Basic library, used to provide 2D graphics engines

e Libc: The standard c library, optimized for Linux-based

devices SQLite Engine: A lightweight relational database forstoring application data

e SSL: Supports the use of Secure Sockets Layer encryption

protocol in Internet communication security

d Linux Kernel

The android operating system is based on the Linux kernel, specifically

Linux kernel version 2.6, which is shown in this bottom layer All the

operations of the phone that want to be executed are done at a low level at

this layer including memory management, communication with the hardware

(driver model), and security implementation security), and process

management.

This layer has the main components:

e Display Driver: Controls the display on the screen as well as receiving

user controls on the screen (moving, touch )

e Camera Driver: Controls the operation of the camera and receives the

data stream from the camera

e Bluetooth Driver: Controls the Bluetooth transmitter and receiver

e USB driver: Manage the operation of USB communication ports

e Keypad driver: Control the keyboard

e Wi-Fi Driver: Responsible for Wi-Fi reception

e Audio Driver: controls audio transceivers, decoding audio signals into

digital signals and vice versa

e Binder IPC Driver: Responsible for connecting and communicating

with radio networks such as CDMA, GSM, 3G, 4G, and E to ensurecommunication functions are performed

20

Android operating system, built on JetBrains’ IntelliJ IDEA software and designed

specifically for Android development It is available for download on Windows,

macOS, and Linux-based operating systems

> Android Studio has more advantages thanks to the following factors:

2.2.2

The WYSIWYG Editor editing interface supports Live-layout that can build

apps and real-time previews

There is an option to preview the interface with multiple settings on multiplescreens when writing the application

Allows creating APK installation files (Android application installation files)

the explosion, here is an example:

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TextView has the following properties:

id: is an attribute to identify it, so that when you need to manipulate

explosion, you can call it easily

e width/height: this is the property to set the width and height for the

textview As the picture is wrap_content width, wrap_content height

e background: to set the color for the background color of the text

view

e textSize: to set the font size

e textColor: Set the color for the text

e fontFamily: set font for text

e textStyle: set style for text (underline, bold, italic )

@ gravity: set the position of the text inside.

® text: the content of the text you want to display In the above

example, the textview will display the content as devpro.edu.vnAnd there are many more properties that depending on the function and

layout have other attributes

EditText

EditText is a control that allows the user to enter, delete, and edit a piece oftext into it Of course, you can also disallow the user to manipulate it LikeTextView, EditText also has its properties

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e id: is the id of EditText, id is usually set according to the prefix +

name structure The example above is name

e width/height: Size of EditText.

@ textSize: Size of text The example above is 18sp

e gravity: set the position of the text inside.

e@ textColor: Set the color for the text.

e textAllCaps: Set uppercase text

e inputType: Type of text when input, it will automatically format

according to the style you choose For example, capital style, datestyle, and email style

e hint: the text suggests to the user a function or a constraint

We can also set many more properties for EditText depending on theapplication's requirements and functions such as margin, text color,and hint color

c Button

The Button is a control that inherits textview, used to set events when the

user manipulates it Like TextView, the button also has the same properties

We must set the event for the button to have an event

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Figure 2.4 Button

e id: is the id of Button, id is usually set according to the prefix + name

structure The example above is btn_status

e width/height: Size of button.

® gravity: set the position of the text inside.

e visibility: Used to set the appearance or hide of the button If "gone" is

2.3.1

e id: is the id of Spinner, id is usually set according to the prefix + name

structure The example above is bloodGroupSpinner

e width/height: Size of Spinner.

e gravity: set the position of the text inside

e visibility: Used to set the appearance or hide of the button If "gone" is

compile the source code into bytecode, the bytecode is then executed by theenvironment (runtime environment) runs In this way, Java often runs fasterthan other interpreted programming languages like Python, Perl, PHP, etc

What is Java used for?

Since Java is a free and flexible language, it can be used to develop local anddistributed software Some common uses of Java include:

e Writing web applications (J2EE): Java is often used to build large web

systems that require high security, many users such as banks, hospital

management software, CRM, and HRM For small websites usually

very, little is written in Java

e Writing mobile applications (J2ME): Previously the J2ME platform

was often used to write games and apps for mobile feature phones(jar files) and now when Android smartphones take the throne Java

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continues to be used to write apps and games for the Androidplatform (.apk file).

e Writing desktop applications (J2SE): There are not many desktop

applications written in Java, including some software like JMeter orDesigner Vista The biggest advantage of a Java application is thatyou only write it once and then you can bring the program to

Windows, Linux, or Mac to run without having to rewrite it

However, due to running on the JVM, the performance of theapplication is slightly lower than that of languages like C/C++, and

cử

c What to use for Java programming?

To program in Java, we need:

e JDK (Java Development KIT): includes JRE (Java Runtime

Environment) and libraries for development

e IDE (Integrated Development Environment): is an application that

helps programmers develop more easily and quickly You can use

Netbeans, and Eclipse for development

2.3.2 Basic Features of Java [2]

Java is an object-oriented programming language, so it also has four common

characteristics of object-oriented languages:

e Abstraction: is the process of defining and grouping properties and actions

related to a particular entity, about the developing application

e Polymorphism: Allows a method to have different effects on different types

of objects With polymorphism, if the same method applies to objects ofdifferent classes, it will lead to different results The essence of the matter isthat this method includes the same number of parameters

e Inheritance: This allows objects to share or extend existing properties

without having to redefine them

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Encapsulation: The process of hiding the implementation details of an objectfrom the users of that object.

Besides that, Java has some other features:

2.4

2.4.1

Write Once, Run Anywhere: Unlike many other programming languages like

c and c++, when Java is compiled, it is not compiled into machine-specificcode, but instead into bytecode that runs on the machine Java Virtualization

(JVM) This means that any device with a JVM installed will be able toexecute Java programs

Simple: learning Java is much easier than C/C++, if you are familiar withobject-oriented programming languages, learning Java will be easier Javabecomes simpler than C/C++ by removing multiple inheritance and pointermath from C/C++

Security: Java supports security very well through encryption algorithms

such as one-way hashing or public key encryption

Multithreading: With multithreading, Java can write programs that canexecute multiple tasks at the same time This feature is often used a lot ingame programming

High-performance thanks to the garbage collector, which frees memory for

main objects:

Develop & test your app: develop and test designed apps

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e Grow & engage your audience: analyze data and optimize the user

experience

Firebase provides us with simple, important, and cross-platform APIs for managingand using databases

2.4.2 The services [3]

Firebase is a multi-purpose mobile and web application development platform This

platform is a combination of the cloud and Google's server system to focus on two

main objects:

a Real-time Database

Real-time database service allows users to store and synchronize data in time This service is stored directly on iCloud In case your device is offline,they will use up the device's memory and automatically sync to the server

real-Figure 2.6 Real-time Database

You can specify how your data should be formatted, how it should be indexed, andwhen your data can be read from and written using the declarative rules language

that the Realtime Database offers

e Read data

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You need to add a ValueEventListener to the reference you justgenerated to have the data in your app updated in real-time.

Every time the data, including the children, changes, theonDataChange() function in this class is called twice: once when the

Figure 2.7 Read Real-time Database

Authentication service provides your application with several authenticationmethods via email, password, phone number, Google account, and Facebookaccount need to use separate registration data.

©

Figure 2.9 Authentication

Sign-in method:

The login method of the Firebase Authentication service set up in the app is

email and password

Allow your users to add an extra layer of security to their account Once enabled, integrated and configured, users can sign in to their account in

two steps, using SMS Leam more

* [MFA and other advanced features are available with Identity Platform, Google Cloud's complete customer identity solution built

in partnership with Firebase This upgrade is available on both the Spark and Blaze plans.

Upgrade to enable

Figure 2.10 Sign-in method

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c Firebase cloud messaging

Firebase was built with chat in mind Therefore, Firebase cloud messaging

(FCM) is the most basic feature of this platform, it allows users to build chatapplications and push notifications to many different devices such as the

web, Android, iOS Highlights of this service is virtual without any codinginvolved FCM is fully integrated with Firebase Analytics, giving you

detailed engagement and conversion tracking along the way

Moreover, the FCM service also allows you to choose when to send

messages immediately or in the future according to the user's local time

hệ Cloud Messaging

Figure 2.11 Cloud messaging

d Firebase database query

One of the outstanding services of Firebase is that it can help you simplify

the process of getting data instead of going through complicated SQL

statements.

Figure 2.12 Firebase database query

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2.5 JavaMail [4]

2.5.1 Definition

JavaMail is an API used to compose, send, and read electronic messages (email)

The JavaMail API provides protocol independence and platform independence for

sending and receiving emails That means you don't need to worry about mail

sending and receiving protocols such as SMTP, POP, or IMAP

the user's information The application will send the API with that content to

JavaMail then JavaMail will generate an email to the user with the previously

received content

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4 ` Login, registered, email Database communication

i mm Welcome, Blood DonationApp

By People & sharing

Payments & subscriptions

Privacy & You have security

oa personalization 3 recommendations ý

Manage your data & privacy Protect your account

Privacy Checkup

Take Privacy Checkup

Looking for something else?

Q_ Search Google Account >

Figure 2.15 Blood Donation Gmail

b Library

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