Therefore, the purposes of this study are to investigate the effect of YouTube as an ACMC tool on Vietnamese adult learners’ English speaking and how YouTube encourages learners to provi
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY ∞0∞ PHAM TRAN NHA CHI THE APPLICATION OF YOUTUBE WEBSITE IN TEACHING ENGLISH SPEAKING FOR VIETNAMESE ADULT LEARNERS MASTER OF ARTS IN TESOL HO CHI MINH CITY, 2023 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY ∞0∞ PHAM TRAN NHA CHI THE APPLICATION OF YOUTUBE WEBSITE IN TEACHING ENGLISH SPEAKING FOR VIETNAMESE ADULT LEARNERS Major: Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages Major code: 14 01 11 MASTER OF ARTS IN TESOL Supervisor: PHAM THI HUONG, Ph.D HO CHI MINH CITY, 2023 TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC MỞ CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH Độc lập – Tự – Hạnh phúc KHOA ĐÀO TẠO SAU ĐẠI HỌC GIẤY XÁC NHẬN Tôi tên là: Phạm Trần Nhã Chi Ngày sinh: 07/01/1994 Nơi sinh: Bình Định Chuyên ngành: LL&PP dạy Tiếng Anh Mã học viên: 1881401110004 Tôi đồng ý cung cấp tồn văn thơng tin luận án/ luận văn tốt nghiệp hợp lệ quyền cho Thư viện trường đại học Mở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh Thư viện trường đại học Mở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh kết nối tồn văn thơng tin luận án/ luận văn tốt nghiệp vào hệ thống thông tin khoa học Sở Khoa học Công nghệ Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh Ký tên (Ghi rõ họ tên) ………………………………… CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lập - Tự - Hạnh phúc Ý KIÉN CHO PHÉP BẢO VỆ LUẬN VĂN THẠC sĩ CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN Giảng viên hướng dẫn: TS Phạm Thị Hương Học viên thực hiện: Phạm Trần Nhã Chi Lớp; MTESOL18A Ngày sinh: 07/01/1994 Nơi sinh: Bình Định Tên đề tài: THE APPLICATION OF THE YOUTUBE WEBSITE IN TEACHING ENGLISH SPEAKING SKING FOR VIETNAMESE ADULT LEARNERS Ý kiến giáo viên hướng dẫn việc cho phép học viên Phạm Trần Nhã Chi bảo vệ luận văn trước Hội đồng: - Học viên có thái độ nghiêm túc trình thực nghiên cứu viết luận văn - Học viên tiếp thu ý kiến đóng góp người hướng dẫn Đồng ý cho học viên nộp bảo vệ luận văn Thành phố Hồ Chí Mình, ngày tháng năm 2023 Người nhận xét TS Phạm Thị Hương STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I confirm that the present research was conducted by my own and the results have not been copied from other sources All sources of information used in this paper were properly cited and referenced Moreover, I am the sole author of this thesis and that this thesis has not been published anywhere else Ho Chi Minh City, February 7th, 2023 Author’s signature Pham Tran Nha Chi i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to those who have helped me and been by my side during this trying but educational experience, particularly in light of the complicated spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, which has continuously hampered the progress of my investigation In addition, my manager, my coworkers, and all of the supporters with whom I have had the opportunity to collaborate during my coursework study have significantly contributed to completing my thesis My study supervisor, Dr Pham Thi Huong, has provided me with invaluable guidance, insightful remarks, and exemplary patience I would like to express my deepest appreciation for all of these things She has provided me with access to great sources and to her significant knowledge, both of which have been important in guiding me through the process of writing my thesis I also could not accomplish this paper without the great assistance from the center manager, the entire staff, and the teachers at SAS Language Center Especially, my extreme thanks go to the two examiners who conducted the pre-test and post-test Moreover, all participants from the S0-367 class have been eagerly involved in the course, which helped to create an active and comfortable classroom environment Last but not least, I express my deepest thank to my family members for their mental stimulation and financial support during the period of my master’s program and thesis completion ii ABSTRACT There are insufficient opportunities for students learning English to practice speaking outside the classroom Asynchronous computer-mediated communication (ACMC) tools can help learners overcome this disadvantage by offering a time- and location-independent online environment to interact and share their thoughts YouTube is regarded as one of ACMC's most valuable resources Therefore, the purposes of this study are to investigate the effect of YouTube as an ACMC tool on Vietnamese adult learners’ English speaking and how YouTube encourages learners to provide feedback Learners’ perceptions of using YouTube as an ACMC tool in teaching English speaking were also examined The methodological approach for this study was quasi-experimental 20 adult students aged 18 to 35 years old enrolled in the elementary class at the Saigon American Language Center (SAS) Asynchronous online task on YouTube and CLT approach were used in the experimental group, whereas students in the control group received instruction based on the Communicative Language Teaching technique Three tools a pre-test and a post-test, and interviews were used to collect data for this study In conclusion, the pre-test and post-test findings revealed that the experimental group students showed considerably greater growth in their speaking ability than those in the control group In addition, subjects of the current study reported having favorable perceptions regarding the use of YouTube in their learning process Moreover, online feedback on YouTube promotes learners to provide feedback It is advised that additional research on the usefulness and learners' perceptions of using YouTube as an ACMC tool should be carried out in various settings and fields iii TABLE OF CONTENTS STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP i ABSTRACT ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study 1.2 Statement of the problem 1.3 Rationale for the study 1.4 Research objectives 1.5 Research questions 1.6 The scope of the study 1.7 Significance of the study 1.8 Organization of the study CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Overview 2.2 Teaching English speaking for adult learners 2.3 YouTube in teaching English speaking for adult learners 10 2.3.1 Definitions of YouTube 10 2.3.2 Guidelines for integrating YouTube in teaching English Speaking Skills 10 2.3.3 Process of using YouTube videos in teaching English speaking 11 2.3.4 Previous studies on learners’ perceptions of the use of YouTube in teaching English speaking skills 12 2.4 Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) 13 2.4.1 Modes of the CMC 13 2.4.2 Characteristics of the CMC 15 2.4.3 Principles of using CMC in teaching English speaking 16 2.4.4 Benefits of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) 17 iv 2.5 Asynchronous Computer-Mediated Communication (ACMC) 18 2.5.1 Benefits of the ACMC 18 2.5.2 Asynchronous online comments 19 2.5.3 Principles of using ACMC 19 2.5.4 Challenges of using the ACMC tools 20 2.5.5 Previous studies on ACMC 21 2.6 Theoretical framework of the study 22 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 24 3.1 Research design 24 3.2 Research sites and participants 24 3.2.1 Research site 24 3.3.2 Participants 25 3.3 Instruments 26 3.3.1 Pretest 26 3.3.2 Posttest 26 3.3.3 Interviews 26 3.3.4 Students’ feedback 27 3.3.5 Treatment 27 3.3.5.1 The experimental group 27 3.3.5.2 The control group 28 3.4 Data collection 28 3.4.1 Interviews 28 3.4.2 Student feedback 29 3.5 Data Analysis 30 3.6 Reliability and Validity 32 3.7 Ethics 33 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 34 4.1 Results 34 4.1.1 Results of students’ speaking performance 34 4.1.1.1 Pre-test 34 4.1.1.2 Post-test 34 4.1.1.3 Paired sample t-test 35 v 4.1.2 Students’ feedback 36 4.1.2.1 Level of contribution 36 4.1.2.2 Interaction 38 4.1.3 Post-treatment interview 45 4.2 Discussion 48 4.2.1 Overview 48 4.2.2 Effectiveness of YouTube as an ACMC 49 4.2.3 The asynchronous feedback on the YouTube videos 49 4.2.4 Learners’ perceptions of using YouTube as an ACMC 50 4.3 Summary of the key findings 51 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 53 5.1 Pedagogical implications 53 5.2 Limitations of this study and future research 55 5.3 Conclusions 56 REFERENCES 57 APPENDICES 65 vi