Đề ôn thi HSG tiếng Anh (số 2)

Đề ôn thi HSGQG, 304 môn tiếng Anh Cung cấp kiến thức và kỹ năng cho học sinh chuẩn bị tham gia thi các kì HSG, bao gồm các phần lexico and gramma, multiple choice, reading, writing... Phần reading có format, nội dung của TOEFL và CPE Đề thi lấy từ kho ôn thi của học sinh chuyên

A LISTENING

Part 1 For questions 1-5, listen to a talk about five inventions that changed the world What does the speaker say about each of the inventions? Choose five answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-J, in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.

A This invention marked the height of a momentous era - a transition towards modernity

B A man invented this equipment because he found it difficult to effectively load goods onto his truck

C This invention gave rise to the construction of one of the basic components of the infrastructure

D The initial motivation for this invention was to create better information exchange between computer manufacturers, but it flourished beyond this

E The idea of this invention started when people found it difficult to move horse carts around

F This invention does not only transform several aspects of human life in a superficial way

G This invention had an enormous impact on the transformation of global education

H The first attempt failed to work because the inventor used a false tool

I This invention has mechanical components that make it attachable to its counterparts

J This invention was created to facilitate the process of gathering agricultural produce

Top five inventions:

1 ISO shipping container

2 The light bulb

3 The wheel

4 The printing press

5 The Internet

Your answers

Part 2 For questions 6-10, listen to a talk about the future of power and answer the questions Write NO MORE THAN FOUR WORDS taken from the recording for each answer in the corresponding numbered boxes provided

6 What is the position of Saudi Arabia in the oil cartel?

7 Which technology has helped the United States to take advantage of oil reserves?

8 What are multiple nations trying to seek for?

9 What is the adjective used to describe two environmentally-friendly sources of energy?

10 What should be established across borders to boost the efficiency of renewable energy sources?

Your answers

Part 3 For questions 11-15, listen to part of an interview with two British architects, Malcolm Fletcher and Alison Brooks, about the design of new low-cost housing, and choose the answer (A,

B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.

11 What view is expressed about the government's plans to build houses on greenfield sites?

A Opposition groups are unlikely to have any real influence

B It may be possible to create space by demolishing some existing buildings

C There is a more important priority than preserving the countryside

D New developments should show continuity with what has gone before

12 What does Malcolm regard as special about the Newhall housing development in Essex?

A the involvement of local people in the planning process

B the unusual attitude of the original landowners

C the good relationship between the builders and the architect

D the freedom given to the designers

13 The aspect of Margaret Gibbs's houses which both Alison and Malcolm appreciate is

A their visual appeal B their generous dimensions

C their structural strength D their internal layout

14 When designing the space around the Essex houses, Margaret Gibbs

A attempted to integrate homes with recreational areas

B conceded to the general demand for a garden

C allowed a bigger external area than usual

D aimed to safeguard the inhabitants' privacy

15 What do Malcolm and Alison agree about the aesthetic qualities of buildings?

A Architectural form may sometimes take precedence over function

B Beauty is an intrinsic aspect of good architecture

C There is little consensus concerning what constitutes good style

D Popular notions of good taste inevitably change over time

Your answers

Part 4 For questions 16-25, listen to a talk about a revolution of art and supply the blanks with the missing information Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording for each answer in the space provided.

A REVOLUTION OF ART

16 While music originated in the 1960s, the style of art synonymous with this kind of music derived from an art movement initiated in the late 1800s

17 The movement was called with different names, for example, in Austria

18 This “new art” was an admixture of many factors namely: flat, decorative patterns; organic and ; and feminine figures

19 The 1960s, as well as the late 1800s, could be deemed as a period of

20 Plain typeface and a failed to capture the attention of the audience, so the introduction of high-quality posters is necessary to advertise the new generation of hippie bands

21 The mid-60s was witnessing the rejuvenation of

22 Feminine figures in such new style of art feature nudity, flowing hair and a

23 Some designers in this new art tended to alter the from original images

24 The “vibrancy” reflected in the eyes of beholders could refer to the experience of

25 The was applied and renovated by artists in the 1960s

B LEXICO

1 I goofed off (to waste time when you should be working) for the first two years of college, but I turned into a real _ once I realized the importance of my academic performance

A sly dog B study animal C eager beaver D war horse

Sly dog: Someone who, through cunning, devious, or dishonest means, achieves a fortuitous outcome Study animal: Someone who studies very hard or very often

Eager beaver: a person who is willing to work very hard

2 I rarely take my kids to the library because he can be a bit of _, running around and making a mess.

A a bull in a china shop B a pig in mud

C a bird in the hand D a duck in Arizona

If someone is like a bull in a china shop, they are very careless in the way that they move or behave (as) happy as a pig in mud: Very joyful and contented.

a pig in a poke: something that is bought or accepted without knowing its value or seeing it first.

(as) happy as a duck in Arizona: Unhappy or miserable

3 I know you really want the promotion, but telling the boss about my personal problems was _.

concealed from public knowledge under someone's control or influence

unfair or unfairly; disregarding the rules worse than the usual or expected standard

4 Don’t worry, I am confident that Annie will manage to solve the quiz soon, she is as sharp as _.

5 Kids, please hold your _, let’s sing the birthday song before we start eating the cake!

6 If you desire some practical lessons before your start-up, there are clear _ to be drawn from the failure of these companies.

7 His reasoning is based on the _ that humans are innately good, which reflects his belief in Mencius.

Gia thuyet su khoi dau s ph ng đoán ự phỏng đoán ỏng đoán

8 Although the matter was outside my _ of responsibility, I still lent her a helping hand.

9 I don’t think the two directors would cooperate again in the second part, there was a real personality _ between them.

10 Although he was a talented artist, he lived a life _ with financial worries.

Pester: to keep annoying someone, especially by asking them for something or asking them to do something

Beseech: to ask someone for something in an urgent and sincere way

Beset: to cause someone difficulty or danger over a period of time

11 When Tony came in class with his ridiculous costume, he was greeted with _ of laughter.

12 I intended to petrify him by telling him there was a snake in his room but he didn't seem _ concerned.

not in the least: not in any way

The least bit: in the slightest degree or in any respect

13 The architecture chose a gentle colour scheme to create a relaxing _ for the owner’s bedroom.

14 Unlike in the North, apricot blossoms are the _ of Tet in the South of Vietnam.

15 While everybody else all _ or the Shang-Shi premiere, director Chloe Zhao dressed casually in jeans and

a loose-fitting top as if she was just dropping by.

to make someone or something look more attractive or impressive

Word form

1 If there is still time remaining after you have finished the test and gone over it, try to _ your answers to avoid mistakes (CHECK)

2 After graduating, I kept some books that are necessary for college and gave away the _ (REMAIN)

3 My parents always deem my playful personality _ of a high school teacher, who should be decent and serious (FIT)

4 The journalists are regarded the _ to the dictatorial government by publicly denouncing their selfish and cruel policies (WEIGHT)

5 Although political changes affected the social position of a samurai, he still shows great _ and decency of a noble family (FINE)

B READING

Part 1 For questions 1-13, read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.

Gesture

A Gesture is any action that sends a visual signal to an onlooker To become a gesture, an act has to be

seen by someone else and has to communicate some pieces of information to them It can do this either because the gesturer deliberately sets out to send a signal or it can do it only incidentally The hand-wave is a Primary Gesture, because it has no other existence or function Therefore, to make it a gesture, first, it should be clear and unambiguous. Others would be able to understand it instantly when it is shown to them Nor may any component of a gesture, its force, its direction and amplitude

of movement, be altered: otherwise, confusion or misunderstanding may occur

B Most people tend to limit their use of the term “gesture” to the primary form the hand-wave type—

but this misses an important point What matters with gesturing is not what signals we think we are sending out, but what signals are being received The observers of our acts will make no distinction between our intentional primary gestures and our unintentional, incidental ones This is why it is preferable to use the term “gesture” in its wider meaning as an “observed action” This can be compared to the ring of a telephone The speed, tone and intensity of a telephone remain the same for any phone call Even the length of time before being told that the number you are dialing is not answering, unless the caller hangs up, is the same

C Some gestures people use are universal The shoulder shrug is a case in point The shrug is done by

bringing the shoulders up, drawing the head in, and turning the palms upwards so as to reveal that nothing is hidden The shoulder shrug can also demonstrate submission or that what is being said isn’t understood Another example is that an angry person usually expresses his rage by waving his clenched fist rapidly and forcefully Surprisingly, you may find that people of different cultures will do the same when they are offended That is to say, a commonly accepted gesture is shared by them But

if the way the hand is clenched changes, or the amplitude of force and the direction the fist is waved alters, the gesture no longer means the same

D So, is gesture born with us or is it developed as we grow up? Recent research found that gesture is

more like a spontaneous reaction when we face certain situations And we just do that automatically When people talk, they almost always gesture with their hands This expressive movement can be

coaxed into a choreographic form if observed carefully People can practice spontaneous gesture by forming pairs, then observing and questioning each other They then show the group what they have collected from their partners It is fun to surprise a group using this technique Because spontaneous gestures are often unconscious, people will sometimes be surprised to have their gestures mirrored back to them, saying “Did I really do that?”

E The attention of research was also drawn to cultural themes Researchers discovered that if a

person has a good set of teeth, he or she would be prone to have a bigger smile than he or she should when good things happen And if a person possesses a bad set of teeth, he or she would tend to have his or her mouth shut when being teased And people’s reaction to the same joke also varies: some laugh out loud while others titter However, this does not cause confusion and it helps to develop our

“behavioural”, which is an important aspect of our identity It was referred to as a Gesture Variant,

which indicates that individuals’ gesture production is a complex process, in which speakers’ internal and external factors and interactions could play a role in multi-modal communication

F During the research, an interesting phenomenon soon caught researchers’ attention A hand purse

gesture, which is formed by straightening the fingers and thumb of one hand and bringing them together so the tips touch, pointing upwards and shaping like a cone, carries different meanings in different countries In Malta, it means heavy sarcasm: “you may seem good, but you are really bad.”; in Tunisia, it is against recklessness, saying “slow down”; in Italy, it means “What’s the matter?” or “What are you trying to say?”; in France, it means “I am afraid” However, this gesture has no clear meaning

in American culture And of course, the way the gesture is conducted is similar in different countries

G But what will happen if the gestures of different countries confront each other? The situation is

further complicated by the fact that some gestures mean totally different things in different countries

To take one example, in Saudi Arabia, stupidity can be signalled by touching the lower eyelid with the tip of the forefinger But this same gesture, in various other countries, can mean disbelief, approval, agreement, mistrust, scepticism, alertness, secrecy, craftiness, danger, or criminality So people are faced with two basic problems where certain gestures are concerned: either one meaning may be signalled by different actions, or several meanings may be signalled by the same action, as we move from culture to culture The only solution is to approach each culture with an open mind and learn their gestures as one would learn their vocabulary These all require considerable skill and training and belong in a totally different world from the familiar gestures we employ in everyday life

Questions 1-7

The passage has seven paragraphs, A-G.

Choose the correct heading for paragraph A-G and from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number, i-x, in boxes 1-7.

List of Headings

i The subconscious nature of gestures

ii The example of regional differences

iii The key factors of gestures

iv Sending out important signals

v How a well-known gesture loses its meaning

vi Performance in a specific setting

vii Recent research of Gesture Variant

viii Comparison to an everyday-use object

ix How will conflict be handled

x Individual deviation of cultural norms

1 Paragraph A iii

2 Paragraph B viii

3 Paragraph C v

4 Paragraph D i

5 Paragraph E x

6 Paragraph F ii

7 Paragraph G ix

Questions 8-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage

In boxes 8-13, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

8 A gesture is a form of communication in which imperceptible bodily actions communicate particular messages

9 Gestures can be likened to the unchanging sound of the ringing

10 Angry people are often in the same age range or group

11 A Gesture Variant can still be understood by the members of the same culture

12 In Malta, the gesture “Hand Purse” should be treated with caution

13 The main aim of the writer in writing this passage is to clarify the origin of gesture-based communication

Your answers

Part 2 For questions 14-23, read an extract from an article and choose the answer A, B, C or D that fits best according to the text Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.

Lin

e

It has come to pass that working men have been surrendered, isolated and helpless, to the hard heartedness of employers and the greed of unchecked competition The mischief has been increased by rapacious usury, which, although more than once condemned by the Church, is nevertheless, under a different guise, but with like injustice, still practiced by covetous and grasping men To this must be added that the hiring of labor and the conduct of trade are

concentrated in the hands of comparatively few; so that a small number of very rich men have been able to lay upon the teeming masses of the laboring poor a yoke little better than that of slavery itself

To remedy these wrongs, the socialists, working on the poor man's envy of the rich, are striving to do away with private property, and contend that individual possessions should

become the common property of all, to be administered by the State or by municipal bodies.

They hold that by thus transferring property from private individuals to the community, the present mischievous state of things will be set to rights, in as much as each citizen will then get his fair share of whatever there is to enjoy But their contentions are so clearly powerless to end the controversy that were they carried into effect the working man himself would be among the first to suffer They are, moreover, emphatically unjust, for they would rob the lawful possessor, distort the functions of the State, and create utter confusion in the community

It is surely undeniable that, when a man engages in remunerative labor, the impelling reason and motive of his work is to obtain property, and thereafter to hold it as his very own If one man hires out to another his strength or skill, he does so for the purpose of receiving in return what is necessary for the satisfaction of his needs; he therefore expressly intends to acquire a right full and real, not only to the remuneration, but also to the disposal of such remuneration, just as he pleases Thus, if he lives sparingly, saves money, and, for greater security, invests his savings in land, the landy in such case, is only his wages under another

form; and, consequently, a working man's little estate thus purchased should be as

completely at his full disposal as are the wages he receives for his labor But it is precisely in such power of disposal that ownership obtains, whether the property consist of land or chattels Socialists, therefore, by endeavoring to transfer the possessions of individuals to the community at large, strike at the interests of every wage-earner, since they would deprive him

of the liberty of disposing of his wages, and thereby of all hope and possibility of increasing his resources and of bettering his condition in life

What is of far greater moment, however, is the fact that the remedy they propose is manifestly against justice For, every man has by nature the right to possess property as his own This is one of the chief points of distinction between man and the animal creation, for the brute has no power of self direction It is the mind, or reason, which is the predominant element in us who are human creatures; it is this which renders a human being human, and distinguishes him essentially from the brute And on this very account—that man alone among the animal creation is endowed with reason—it must be within his right to possess things not merely for temporary and momentary use, as other living things do, but to have and

to hold then in stable and permanent possession; he must have not only things that perish in the use, but those also which, though they have been reduced into use, continue for further

use in after time

14 Based on the passage, the author would be most likely to agree that the economic conditions of his era attest to which basic relationship?

A Modifications to the laws regulating the economy heighten tensions between employers and workers

B Social inequality worsens as the economy increasingly comes under the control of a select group of businesspeople

C Competition between businesses in a particular sector of the economy influences the morale of the workers in that sector

D Measures to protect workers from economic exploitation have the unintended effects of encouraging such exploitation

15 Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?

A Lines 1 – 3 (“It has … competition”)

B Lines 3 – 6 (“The … men”)

C Lines 6 – 10 (“To this … itself”)

D Lines (“To remedy … bodies”)

16 As used in line 13, “common” most nearly means

A shared

B inferior

C typical

D frequent

17 According to the author, the desire to acquire property prompts individuals to

A feel envious of others’ possessions

B seek work from an employer

C view work as more dignified than they otherwise would

D resist sources of short-lived gratification

18 In lines 31 -32, the phrase “little estate” most directly refers to the

A land or other property owned by a wage earner

B status of a wage earner within the community

C neighborhoods where wage earners typically live

D standard amount of pay that a wage earner receives