Lecture Communication research: Asking questions, finding answers (4e) Chapter 2: The research process: Getting started. After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Describe what a theory is and its role in communication research, explain why the research process starts with identifying a research problem, develop a preliminary question from a topic or issue, explain why a preliminary question is superior to a topic in conducting... Đề tài Hoàn thiện công tác quản trị nhân sự tại Công ty TNHH Mộc Khải Tuyên được nghiên cứu nhằm giúp công ty TNHH Mộc Khải Tuyên làm rõ được thực trạng công tác quản trị nhân sự trong công ty như thế nào từ đó đề ra các giải pháp giúp công ty hoàn thiện công tác quản trị nhân sự tốt hơn trong thời gian tới.
Trang 1Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
THE RESEARCH PROCESS:
GETTING STARTED
Chapter 2
Trang 2CONSIDERING THEORY IN RESEARCH
Research is the basis for developing or challenging theory
Theory describes, predicts, or explains communication phenomenon
Research Theory link
Deductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning
Developing theory
Describe event or observation
Create explanation for event
Move from specific to more generalized form
Derive predictions from explanations
Trang 3DEDUCTIVE RESEARCH MODEL INDUCTIVE RESEARCH MODEL
Trang 4IDENTIFYING THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
Research ideas are based on
Theories
Experiences
Current events
Turn broad topics into preliminary questions
What do your questions assume?
Rephrase for clarity
Trang 5Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
EVALUATING YOUR QUESTIONS
1 Clearly stated?
2 Do others agree about its
clarity?
3 Asks only one question?
4 Communication
orientation?
5 Any bias in the way the
question is asked?
6 Can it be observed or
measured?
7 Time and resources?
8 Who would be interested?
9 How could the
information be used?
Trang 6LIBRARY AND DATABASE RESOURCES
Scholarly journals
Scholarly books
Online resources
Trang 7AS YOU GATHER INFORMATION,
YOU MAY HAVE TO ADJUST
YOUR QUESTION
Trang 8USING RESOURCES
Read title and abstract
Read the problem statement in the literature
review
Find an interesting idea, track it in the
references
What questions or hypotheses did they pose?
Trang 9Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
ORGANIZING RESOURCES
Start reading
With an author(s) that is regularly cited
From older to newer literature
The article or chapter that provides a summary
Trang 10ARRANGING AND SUMMARIZING RESOURCES
Major and minor points
Chronological order
Find answers to your questions
Broad questions to narrow questions
Use deductive approach
Broad to narrow
Use inductive approach
Specific to general
Trang 11Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
BEGINNING THE LITERATURE REVIEW
Position problem statement in introduction
What is the communication issue?
What are the research objectives?
Works as a roadmap
What you are going to cover
What you hope to accomplish
Trang 12BODY OF LITERATURE REVIEW
Good literature reviews
Include latest research
Describe and analyze what researchers have
reported in previous studies
Point out gaps in the literature
Develop new arguments
Create relationships with previous research
Trang 13Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education All rights reserved No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
WAYS OF ORGANIZING LITERATURE REVIEW
Chronological
General to specific
Contrast-comparison
Trend identification
Methodological focus
Problem-cause-solution
Topical order
Trang 14CONCLUDING THE LITERATURE REVIEW
Present research questions or hypotheses
Is the summary of your analysis of the literature
Use H1 H2, RQ1, RQ2