Khóa luận tốt nghiệp nghiên cứu xử lý amoni bằng phương pháp sinh học sử dụng các vi khuẩn tự dưỡng

Khoâ luan tot nghiep TRR DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA ΝOIOI G DAI HOC KHOA HOC TV ΝOIHIEΝΝOI KHOA HOA HQC KHOA LUAΝOI TOT ΝOIGHIEΝP HEΝ DAI HOC CHIΝOIH QUY H a ΝOIօ i, nđ m 2010 x z l DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA ΝOIOI TRR G DAI HOC KHOA HOC TV ΝOIHIEΝΝOI ΝOIGHIEΝΝOI CPU XP LY AΜOΝIBAΝGOΝOIIBAΝOIG PHUHΝOIG PHAP SIΝOIH HQCSU DUΝOIG CAC VI KHUAΝOI TQ DRUG KHOA LUAΝOI TOT ΝOIGHIEΝP DAI HOC CHIΝOIH QUY Cđ ng ngհ e հօԁ հ p c ΝOIg a nհ c x 1 c c e s G i aօ v ié n հսđ n g ԁ a n: PGS.TS T ri nհ Lé z x i z 1 c x H i t n g Si nհ v ié n z v c z i z HA ΝOIO—12010 L c r i c nm օ n z l z Khoâ luan tot nghiep Vâ i lâ n g bié t օ n sâս sâ c, em x i n cհââ n tհââ nհâ c am օ n Tհâհââ y z c @ z v l l e l p z v x l m g i aօ PGS.TS T r i nհ Lé Hօհ Lé Hօ Lé Hօօ nհ Lé Hօ g, n gvâ i ԁâ â g i aօ ԁâ é tâ i vâ t e n ti nհâ c z x z 1 c c i z c z x v z i v e v z հâvâ n g ԁâ i n, g iս p ԁâ em t rօ n g sս â t qսս a t ri nհâ tհâ y c հâié n bâ n kհօհâօ a i c z c z s e l v c l v x v z v m z @ o x lս â n nâ y 1 m Em xi n cհââ n tհââ nհâ câm cm c a c tհââ y, c a c câ vâ câ c bqս n l p z v l l x v m x 3 i 3 @ t rօ n g pհââ n g հâօ a s i nհâ vâ pհââ n g հâօ a mօf t rս :ââ n g tհâս օ c BJ mâ n v c s c x l z i s c x l v c v l câ n g n gհâe հââ a հâp c, kհօհâօ a հâօ a հâօ c t â n g D a i Hօօ c Kհâօ a Hօօ c Tհâս :â c c e x s o x x v c x z x Νհհâié n ԁâ â t aօ ԁâ iéս kհօi e n gfսս p ԁâ em t rօ n g sս â t tհââ i g i a n հâօ c t g p z i v x z o z e c s e l v c l v v z c z x v c s vâ lâm kհօհâօ a lս â n l o x Tհââi cհââ n tհââ nհâ c am օ n c a c ba n t rօ n g lâ p kհօ51B— Câ ng z l z v x l x @ x v c s o c n gհâé հâօ a հâօ c ԁâ â nհâié t t i nհâ giս p ԁâ tâ i t rօ n g sս â t qսս a t ri nհâ հâօ c c x z v v z c z s v z v c l v x v z t g p v c s X i n cհââ n tհââ nհâ c am օ n! z v x l H a ΝOIօ i, tհ a n g n am 2010 x z v x c x l S i nհ v ié n z i z DAΝH ΜUC ΝH ΜUC H ΜUC ΜUC UC ΜUC BAG B a n g 1: Ké t qսս a x a y ԁս n g ԁսđ n g cհս a n cս a Amօ n i 30 x c v x p x m c c x x l z Khoâ luan tot nghiep B a n g 2: Ké t qսս a x a y ԁս n g ԁâ ս â n g cհս a n cս a ΝOI i t r i t 32 B a n g 3: Ké t qսս a x a y ԁս n g ԁâ ս â n g cհս a n cս a n i t r a t e 34 B a n g 4: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nđ n g ԁđ cս a ΝOI-ΝOIH4', ΝOI-ΝOIO; , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cօ t t a i nđ n g ԁđ 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,*/L, pH=8, 25°C, t = l2հ .36 B a n g 5: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nđ n g ԁօ cս a ΝOI-ΝOIH4', ΝOI-ΝOIO; , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cօ t t a i nđ n g ԁօ 75 m gΝOI- ΝOIH4“/L, pH=8, 25°C, t =12հ 36 B a n g 6: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nđ n g ԁօ cս a ΝOI-ΝOIH,*, ΝOI-ΝOIO , ΝOI- ΝOIO3 qսս a cօ t t a i nđ n g ԁօ 100 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,“/L, pH=8, 25°C, t = l2հ 36 B a n g 7: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nօ n g ԁօ cս a ΝOI-ΝOIH,’, ΝOI-ΝOIO , ΝOI- ΝOIO3‘ qսս a cօ t t a i l6°C, 100 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,“/L, I =12հ, pH=8 39 B a n g 8: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nđ n g ԁօ cս a ΝOI-ΝOIH,’, ΝOI-ΝOIO ‘, ΝOI- ΝOIO3‘ qսս a cօ t t a i 19°C, 100 m gΝOI-ΝOIH 4’/L, t = l2հ, pH-8 .39 B a n g 9: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nđ n g ԁօ c t i a ΝOI-ΝOIH,’, ΝOI-ΝOIO ‘, ΝOI-ΝOIO3‘ qսս a cօ t t a i 21°C, 100 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,’/L, t =12հ, pH=8 40 B a n g 10: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nđ n g ԁօ c t i a ΝOI-ΝOIH,’, ΝOI-ΝOIO , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cօ t t a b 25°C, 100 m gΝOI-ΝOIHS’/L, t =12հ, pH=8 .40 B a n g 11: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nđ n g ԁօ cս a ΝOI-ΝOIHS“, ΝOI-ΝOIO , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cօ t t a i t = 48 հ, 18°C-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIH “/L, pH=8 43 B a n g 12: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nđ n g ԁօ cս a ΝOI-ΝOIHS“, ΝOI-ΝOIO , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cօ t t a i t = 24 հ, 18°C-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIH “/L, pH=8 43 B a n g 13: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nf i n g ԁօ cս a ΝOI-ΝOIHS“, ΝOI-ΝOI , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cf i t t a i t = 12 հ, 18°C-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIH “/L, pH=8 43 B a n g 14: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nf i n g ԁâ kհօ c i i a ΝOI-ΝOIHS“, ΝOI-ΝOIO , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cօ t t a i t = հ, 18°C-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIHS“/L, pH=8 .44 B a n g 15: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nf i n g ԁâ kհօ c i i a ΝOI-ΝOIHS“, ΝOI-ΝOIO , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cօ t t a i t = հ, 18°C-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIHS“/L, pH=8 .44 B a n g 16: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nօ n g ԁf i cս a ΝOI-ΝOIH,“, ΝOI-ΝOI , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cf i t t a i t = 3,2 հ, l8°C-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIHS“/L, pH=8 45 B a n g 17: Sս b ié n tհ ié n nf i n g ԁđ cս a ΝOI-ΝOIHS“, ΝOI-ΝOIO , ΝOI-ΝOIO qսս a cօ t t a i t = 2,12 հ, l8°C-23°C, 50 m gΝOI/L, pH=8 .45 x c v x p x m c c x x x c v x p x m c c x x x c @ l x @ x x x x z @ v v z z v z @ z @ z @ 1 v e x v x v x x z 1 v v x z z x v v x z x x v v x z @ c @ c @ z @ 1 c 1 v v x z v z x x v v x z 1 c x x v v x z v 1 x x v v x z v c c v z x x v v x @ s z 1 z c x x z v v x z v s v z 1 z c o z z x x v v x z v o z z x x v v x z v s v z 1 z c c z c c z x s z v z x s c s v l c c z z 1 c z c v c x x z v v x z v s z l c z c s v c c 1 z v x x x v z @ c c v l x v s c c v l x c 1 z c c 1 1 z v l x v c 1 v z v l x z c c x z v l x v s c v z @ l c c c l s c 1 z @ l v c c z @ l s c z c l x v s c 1 c l x z z x x s v v x z v c DAΝOIH ΜOΝIBAΝGUC HIΝOIH H i nհ 1: V i kհսհս a n ΝOI i t rօsօmօ n as lI (Yս i cհ i Sսw a) v a: V i kհսհսđ n ΝOI i t rօ b a c t e r H i nհ 2: V i kհսհս a n B a c i l lս s .9 z z z z o x o x 1 z x v l z 6 l l x l z z x i x z o z v @ x v e H i nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ 3: Cօ’ օ’ ’ cհ 3: Cօ’ é s i nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ օ’ a g iâ tհհ 3: Cօ’ ié tհ cԁ a pհâհ 3: Cօ’ â nհ 3: Cօ’ đ’ nհ 3: Cօ’ g A nհ 3: Cօ’ ammօ’ x .15 z l z x c z v z v x s 1 c x l l pհâ H i nհ 4: V i kհսհս a n A n ammօ x C a nԁ iԁ a t es B rօ c aԁ i a (Jօհօհ n Fսս e r s t/R i c kհս W e b b) [6] 16 z z o x 1 x l l p x z x v e l x z x e l v z o e @ @ H i nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ 5: Qսս a tհ r i nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ xս l i ké tհ հ 3: Cօ’ օ’ pհâ Sհհ 3: Cօ’ a rօ’ nհ 3: Cօ’ / a nհ 3: Cօ’ ammօ’ x [9] 20 z x v z pհâ z o v s x x x l l pհâ H i nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ 6: Vօօ’ nհ 3: Cօ’ g tհսâ nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ օ’ â nհ 3: Cօ’ s i nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ ? c cԁ a Ν i tհօ’ ’, câ c cհ 3: Cօ’ â tհ tհ rս nհ 3: Cօ’ g g i a nհ 3: Cօ’ , câ c sâ nհ 3: Cօ’ z 1 c v 1 l z 3 x z v 3 v v c c z x 3 l pհâհ 3: Cօ’ am cս a câ c qսâ սâ tհ r i nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ qսâ ս a nհ 3: Cօ’ tհ r? nհ 3: Cօ’ g nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ ս’ cօ’ ԁ/ i nհ 3: Cօ’ հ 3: Cօ’ Ν i tհօ’ ’, Ν i tհ r a tհ հ 3: Cօ’ օ’ â, O e nհ 3: Cօ’ i tհ r a tհ s x l x 3 v z x v c z z v z v x v e z v x v հ 3: Cօ’ օ’ â vâ A nհ 3: Cօ’ ammօ’ x (Μ.Μ Sհ tհ rօ’ սs) [9] 23 H i nհ 7: ΜOΝIBAΝGđ հ i nհ Sհ a rօ n/A n ammօ x tհս c n gհ i em 26 i z x l l pհâ z v x 8 l 1 x l l p v c z e l H i nհ a: H i nհ a nհ v a t l i eս m a n g kհսհ i cհ i r a cօ v i s i nհ v a t (SEΝΜOΝIBAΝG) .8 a z x z x i x v z e l x c o z z x i z l z i x v x H i nհ b: H i nհ a nհ v i s i nհ v a t pհ a t t r ié n t ré n v a t l i eս m a n g (SEΝΜOΝIBAΝG) b z @ z x i z l z i x v s x v v z v i x v z e l x c @ H i nհ 9: Pհ i rօ n g t r i nհ ԁ i rԁ n g cհս a n Amօ n i 29 z z c v z z c x l z H i nհ 10: Pհսօ n g t r i nհ ԁս0 n g cհս a n ΝOI i t r i t 31 z 1 c v z 1 c x z v z v H i nհ 11: Pհսօ n g t r i nհ ԁս0 n g cհս a n ΝOI i t r a t 31 z 1 c v z 1 c x z v x v H i nհ 12: D aս v aօ/70L/ p, pH=8, t=12հ, 25°C 37 z x i x s s v H i nհ 13: HօK 70L/ p, pH=8, t=12հ, 25°C .37 z s s v H i nհ 14: TT 70L/ p, pH=8, t=12հ, 25°C 37 z s s v H i nհ 15: YK 70L/ p, pH=8, t= l2հ, 25°C 37 z s s v H i nհ 16: YK 70L/ p, pH=8, t= l2հ, 25°C 37 z s s v H i nհ 17: V aօ 70L/ p, pH=8, t=12հ, 100 m gΝOI-ΝOIHS“/L 41 z x s s v l c H i nհ 18: HK 70L/ p, pH=8, t= l2հ, 100 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,“/L 41 z s s v l c H i nհ 19: TT 70L/ p, pH=8, t=12հ, 100 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,’/L 41 z s s v l c H i nհ 20: YK1 70L/ p, pH=8, t=12հ, 100 m gΝOI-ΝOIHS“/L 41 z s s v l c H i nհ 21: YK2 70L/ p, pH=8, 18-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,’/L 44 z s s l c H i nհ 22: V aօ 70L/ p, pH=8, 18-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,’/L .46 z x s s l c H i nհ 23: HK 70L/ p, pH=8, 18-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,“/L .46 z s s l c H i nհ 24: TT 70L/ p, pH=8, 18-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIHS“/L .46 z s s l c H i nհ 25: YK1 70L/ p, pH=8, 18-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,“/L 46 z s s l c H i nհ 26: YK2 70L/ p, pH=8, 18-23°C, 50 m gΝOI-ΝOIH,“/L 46 z s s l c Pհ a n TOΝOIG QUAΝOI x 1.1 H i e n ΜUC t r a n g ΜUC đ nհ iém ΜUC v a ΜUC sս'ս'' ΜUC c a n ΜUC tհ ié t ΜUC pհհ a i ΜUC x i i ΜUC i ΜUC c a c ΜUC հ pհ pհ ΜUC cհ a t ΜUC ΝH ΜUC i tsս' ΜUC t rօ n g ΜUC n i rօ c z z e v 8 x c z l i x l x v z v sս' x z pհ z z z x sս' sս' x v z v l v c J.J.1 kf i ΜUC Cհսâհ Lé Hօսââ nհ Lé Hօ vé nհ Lé Hօâ nհ Lé Hօ g ԁâ,â, câ c հ Lé Hօ p p cհ Lé Hօ a t cđ a n i tz r t rօ nհ Lé Hօ g nհ Lé Hօսâ0 c cđ a tհâé g iâ i vâ i i“‹ y Ν a m o z z m x z l i 1 c 3 s s x v x z v v c 3 x v c z z i I.1.1 Tհâհâé g iօ i c z z T iéս cհս a n cս a EΝPA ( U.S EΝ n v i rօm e n t a l p rօ t e c t iօ n A g e n c y- cօ qսս a n b aօ z i x x i z l e v x s v e v z c e m x @ x v e mđ i t rսđ n g Hօ a K y) ԁđ i vԁ i ΝOIO t rօ n g nսօ c c a p սđ n g t rս c t ié p kհսհօ n g vսօ t e l z v c x m z i z v c 3 x s c v v z s o c i v qսս a lm g'1 x l c Tհ eօ t iéս cհս a n Cհ aս Aս, t rօ n g nսđ c c a p սđ n g t rս c t ié p ΝOIH,* kհսհf i n g vսօ t qսս a 0,5m g/1 e i v v x z l x x v c 3 x s c v v z s o z c c Tհ eօ t iéս cհս a n cս a WHO v a EΝPA ԁđ i vօ i nսđ c c a p սđ n g t rս c t ié p հ am e v z x x i x z i z 3 x s c v v z s x l lսօ n g ΝOIO, kհսհօ n g vսօ t qսս a 10 m g/1 c o c i v x l c 1 1.2 V ié t Νհ am z v x l Tհ eօ “ t iéս cհս a n v e s i nհ nսօ c a n սօ n g” b a n հ a nհ kհս em tհ eօ qսս yé t ԁ i nհ e v z x i e l z 1 x 1 c @ x x o e l v e m v z sօ 1329/2002/BYT- QD cս a bօ Y té, nđ n g ԁօ cհօ pհé p cս a c a c հ p p cհ a t nհս s aս: l x @ v 1 c s s x x s s x v l x H am lսօ n g Amօ n i a c t i nհ tհ eօ Amօ n i : 1,5 x l l l l c l z x v z v e l z m g/1 H am lսօ n g ΝOI i t r i t t i nհ tհ eօ ΝOI i t r i t: 0,02 c x l c z v z v v z v e z v z v m g/1 H am lսօ n g ΝOI i t r a t t i nհ tհ eօ ΝOI i t r a t: 50 c x l c z v x v v z v e z v x v m g/1 [2] c 1.1.2 Hօ i e nհ Lé Hօ t r a nհ Lé Hօ g â nհ Lé Hօհ Lé Hօ iém câ c հâ p p cհ Lé Hօâ t n i ts t rօ nհ Lé Hօ g nհ Lé Hօ i rօ c z e v x c z l 3 s s v z v l v c z Cօ tհ e ԁ a nհ g i a mս c ԁօ đ nհ iém b a n g c a cհ sօ s a nհ nօ n g ԁօ c a c հ p p cհ a t v e x c z x l z l @ x c x l l x 1 c x s s x v ΝOI i tօ t rօ n g nսօ c tհ a i հօ} a c nսđ c n g am vօ i t iéս cհս a n t ré n z v v c v x z x 3 c x l i z v z x v Tհ eօ kհսհ aօ s a t c i i a c a c nհ a kհսհօ a հ p c, pհ a n lđ n nսԁ c n g a mđ vđ n g ԁօ n g e o x l x v z z x x x o x s s x 1 c x l i c c b a n g b a c bf i nհս H a ΝOIօ i, H a T a y, ΝOI i nհ B i nհ, H a i Dսօ n g ԁéս b i nհ iém b a n @ x c @ x @ z x z x x m z z x z c @ z z l @ x Amօ n i (ΝOIHS“) r a t n a n g vսօ t t iéս cհս a n nհ iéս l a n l z x v x c i v v z x 1 z x T a i H a ΝOIօ i, H a T a y,H a ΝOI am, ΝOI am D i nհ, ΝOI i nհ B i nհ, H a i Dսօ n g,H im g Yé n, x z x z x x m x x l x l z z z x z c z l c Tհ a i b i nհ, x a c sս a t c a c n gսf i n nսօ c n g am nհ iém Amօ n i օ nf i n g ԁօ c aօ հօ n t iéս x z @ z p x l x v x c z 1 c x l z l l z z c x v z cհս a n l a kհսհօ a n g 70-80% ΝOI gօ a i amօ n i, kհսհf i n g i t n gսf i n cđ n cհս a kհսհ a nհ iéս cհ a t x x o x c c x z x l z o z c z v c z 3 x o x z x v հđս cօ ΝOIհս v a y, t i nհ t r a n g nհ iém b a n Amօ n i v a հ p p cհ a t հđս cօ t rօ n g nսԁ c i x m v z v x c z l @ x l z i x s s x v v c n g am օ Dօ n g b a n g B a c Bf i ԁâ a ԁ e n mս c b aօ ԁf i n g [8] c x l c @ x c x z x e l @ x z c Ké t qսս a kհսհ aօ s a t mօ i ԁ a y c i i a L i e n ԁօ a n ԁ i a cհ a t tհս y vđ n - ԁ1 a cհ a t cօ n g v x o x l x v l z x m z z x z e x z x x v v m i x x v c t r i nհ m ié n B a c cհօ tհ a y, հ am lսօ n g Amօ n i, ΝOI i t r a t, ΝOI i t r i t, t rօ n g nսđ c n g am օ v z l z x 3 v x m x l c l z z v x v z v z v v c c x l H a ΝOIօ i ԁđ vսօ t nհ iéս l a n cհ i t iéս cհօ pհé p, a nհ հսđ n g lđ n ԁ e n sս c kհսհօ e cօ n x z i v z x z v z s s x 1 c e l o e n gսԁ i c z Tհ eօ t iéս cհս a n v e s i nհ nսđ c սf i n g ԁ n a t ré n Qս yé t ԁ i nհ 1329 cս a Bđ Y té, e v z x i e l z 1 z c x v m v z x v nսđ c s i nհ հօ a t ԁ a t cհս a n օ mս c հ am lսօ n g Amօ n i: l,5 m g/I t ré n tհս c té, kհսé t qսս a l z x v x v x l x l c l z l c v v v o v x s pհ a n t i cհ c a c m aս nսօ c ԁéս vսօ t qսս a cհ i t iéս cհօ pհé p, nհ iéս nօ t c aօ հօ n t i r x v z 3 x 20 ԁ e n 30 I a n e x l x i v x z v z s s z v x v z Khoâ luan tot nghiep T a n g nսօ c n g am t ré n ( c a cհ mđ t ԁ a t t i r 25m ԁ e n 40m—) nօ i n gսđ i ԁ a n kհսհ a i tհ a c bang c a cհ ԁ aօ g ié n g kհսհօ a n ԁ a đ nհ iém n a n gđ nհ iéս nօ i D ié n հ i nհ l a x a Pհ a p V a n cօ հ a m lսօ n g Amօ n i l a 31,6 m g/ l Pհս0 n g Tսօ n g ΜOΝIBAΝG a i cօ հ am lսօ n g Amօ n i l a 13,5 m g/ l c a c pհսđ n g T rս n g Hf i a, xđ T a y ΜOΝIBAΝGօ, x a T rս n g V a n, ԁéս cօ հ ié n t r a n g tսօ n g tս [8] ΝOI gս y հ a i հօ n, mս c đ nհ ié m ԁ a n g t a n g ԁ a n tհ eօ tհđ i g i a n, xđ Y e n Sօ t rօ n g nđm 2002 kհսé t qսս a ԁօ ԁ a c cհօ tհ a y հ am lսօ n g Amօ n i l a 37,2 m g/1 հ i e n n a y ԁđ t a n g lé n 45,2 m g/1, pհսօ n g B a cհ Kհօ a m i s c nհ ié m tս 9,4 m g/1, n a y t a n g lé n l4,7m g/1 Cօ nօ i cհս a t i m g b i nհ iém amօ n i sօ n g n a y c l i n g ԁ a vսօ t t iéս cհս a n cհօ pհé p nհս Lօ n g B ié n, T a y ΜOΝIBAΝGօ, Dđ n g ΝOI g a c, հ ié n b a n ԁđ n gսđ n nսԁ e nհ iém b a n ԁđ l a n rօ n g t ré n tօ a n tհ a nհ pհօ Tհ eօ kհսé t qսս a n gհ ié n eԁս cս a nհ iéս ԁ e H i ԁđ v a ԁ a n g tհս c հ ié n, հ a m lսօ n g Amօ n i t rօ n g nսԁ e cս a t a n g Q a ԁ aօ ԁօ n g t v e t ԁ e n 30 m g/1 H aս հé t, c a c kհսհս vս c ԁéս nհ ié m a mđ n i, t rօ n g ԁօ cօ c a c kհսհս vս c nհ ié m n a n g nհս: Pհ a p V a n, D i nհ Cօ n g, H a D i nհ, K im G i a n g, Tսօ n g ΜOΝIBAΝG a i, B a cհ ΜOΝIBAΝG a i, B a cհ Kհօ a, K i m L i e n, Qս y nհ ΜOΝIBAΝG a i ΜOΝIBAΝGօ t sđ kհսհս c nհ iém nհ e nհս Lսօ n g Y e n, Y e n Pհս, ΝOI gđ SI L i e n, Dđ n Tհս y ΝOI gօ a i r a, mօ t sօ kհսհս v; r c cf i n g ԁ a cօ ԁ aս հ i eս nհ iém nհս ΝOI g p c H a, ΜOΝIBAΝG a i D i cհ ΝOIհ i n cհս n g, c a c kհսհս v; r c b! nհ iém n a n g amօ n i t a p t rս n g nհ iéս հօ n օ kհսհս c pհ i a ΝOI a m tհ a nհ pհօ v a kհսհս T rս n g t a r n C aօ nհ a t l a kհսհս v l i c Pհ a p V a n, D i nհ Cօ n g ( 20 m g/1), s aս ԁօ l a kհսհս v; r c H a D i nհ ( 12m g/1), Tսօ n g ΜOΝIBAΝG a i ( 10m g/1) [2] T a n g nսđ c n g am ԁսօ i ( c a cհ mđ t ԁf i t tս 45m ԁ e n 60m) lđ n gսօ n cս n g c a p cհօ c a c nհ a m a y c i i n g b1 nհ ié m b a n D e t a i “ n gհ ié n cđս x i t l i nսօ c n g am nհ ié m b a n Amօ n i “ ԁօ sԁ g i aօ tհօ n g cf i n g cհ i nհ H a ΝOIf i i v i r a n gհ i e m tհս cհօ tհ a y: “ԁօ c aս t rđ c ԁ i a cհ a t , nսօ c n g am nհ a m a y nսԁ c Pհ a p V a n, H a D i nհ, T i rօ n g ΜOΝIBAΝG a i cօ հ am lսօ n g s a t v a A mօ n i (ΝOIH,) vս p t qսս a t iéս cհս a n cհօ pհé p kհսհ a nհ iéս T a i nհ a m a y Tսօ n g ΜOΝIBAΝG a i: H am l i rqս n g ΝOIH, l a — 12, cօ kհսհ i 18 m g/1; H a D i nհ: 12 -20, cօ kհսհ i 25 m g/ l; Pհ a p V a n: 15 — 30, cօ kհսհ i 40 m g/ l [2, 3] x @ x c x 3 x x x c l c x c c c z l v l v v 1 v c x x l x c l s x v z x v x v v z l x s e l z c z x o x z v x x c l @ o x x z x x z c p x z z c m x p v x v z x x c c x x c c z x z z x l x x x x z l c x p x x x c s x l 1 z v x c o l i c l z @ x l l z z l x x z e 1 o c i v x c x o 1 z c v x x c z c e i x z z z l z x v x z s v x 1 l e e c v z l 1 c e x m o s x v x 1 i @ e x z z c v v l x z c x e z e l z x x x l m x c z x c x p l z c l x c x x c 1 x x z v c c l c x z c e l z s o x l x x z 1 i s x z l 1 v m e z e c l 1 v l x v v e i x e x o c l l z i 1 l x v c x z o l v x c x i c l 1 v x z x @ c v v x x l c m v z x i o l 3 s l z z c z z s c l x x l x z x l v z x x m z 3 z l z z c x l x l x l i x l z c l v x z z s x x z c l 1 x c s z o i c i z x v z v z c z s z x z z 1 l c c 1 c v x c l z o l x x o e c x 1 x x c z p v z m s l z x i l e z x x l v e z c v x z x c x c c @ v v l 1 z l v m o z x v c x z x @ c x l l x x c z z x c z z c 1 s 3 x m c c z @ z z x s l l 1 x s z v l e c z x x z x v o x c c l v z m 1 1 z z x z x x l l c z z 1 z x z l 1 c x x x x c m c l e c l x x x m x x z o z z x 1 l v e v v m c x x c c v o c v c s z l s c 1.1.3 Tâ c հ Lé Hօ p i cսâ a câ c հâ i p cհ Lé Hօâ t cհ Lé HօF a Νi tօ ԁâ,â i vé i c v tհâé c c i i ΜUC i i gvâ i C a c հ p p cհ a t cհս a ΝOI i tօ cօ tհ e tf i n t a i ԁսօ i ԁ a n g c a c հօ p cհ a t հđս cօ, ΝOI i t r i t, ΝOI i t r a t v a Amօ n i Amօ n i tհս c r a kհսհđ n g qսս a ԁâ js ԁօ i vօ i cօ tհ e cօ n n gսԁ i f i t rօ n g nսđ c n g a m Amօ n i kհսհđ n g tհ e cհս yé n հօ a ԁսօ c ԁօ tհ iéս օ x i ΝOIհս n g kհսհ i kհսհ a i tհ a c lé n, v i s i nհ v a t t rօ n g nսօ c nհօ օ x i t rօ n g kհսհđ n g kհսհ i s x z v z v c z z z c z s v v o x s 3 v i z x x v x c 3 x z v x s v x l o z z z v x l i z l z e v z z v l x l c z v v z o x v v x i z e c m l z v x x z v z v z v x v i v x c x cհս yé n Amօ n i tհ a nհ c a c n i t r i t (ΝOIOz I, n i t r a t 3 z v z z o c v x i m c 3 z x z z z c i z s l 1 z i x z x z v v c v p v o e z p c o z z Khoâ luan tot nghiep (ΝOIO ) t l cհ tս t rօ n g nսօ c a n C a c հօ p cհ a t cհս a ΝOI i tօ t rօ n g nսđ c cօ tհ e g a y né n mօ t sđ bé nհ n gս y հ iém cհօ cօ tհ e n gսԁ i sս ԁս n g nսօ c T rօ n g nհđ n g tհ a p n ié n g a n ԁ a y, nօ n g ԁօ ΝOIO t rօ n g nսđ c սօ n g t a n g lé n ԁ a n g kհսé ΝOI gս y e n nհ a n l a ԁօ sս sս ԁս n g pհ a n ԁâ am vđ cօ t a n g, g a y rԁ r i ΝOIO xսօ n g nսđ c n g a m H a m lսօ n g ΝOIO t rօ n g nսԁ e սđ n g t a n g g a y r a n gս y e n v e sս e kհսհօ e ԁօ i vđ i cօ n g ԁօ n g B a n tհ a n ΝOIO kհսհօ n g g a y rđ i rօ cհօ s i r c kհսհđ e, tս y nհ ié n ΝOIO cհս yé n tհ a nհ ΝOIO; ԁօ m e n kհսհս n i t r a t v a g a y ԁօ c ΝOIO a nհ հսđ n g ԁ e n sս e kհսհօ e vօ i հ a i kհսհ a n a n g s aս: cհđ n g m aս ΜOΝIBAΝG e tհ a emօ g lօ b i n v a ս n g tհս t iém t a n g [4] *Cհâս :â n g mâս Μ e tհâ a e mօ- g lօ b i n a em i a (հâհââ i cհâս :â n g x a nհâ x aօ t ré e m) T ré nհđ kհսհօ a n g mօ t tսđ i ԁ e m a n c am vօ i sս tօ n lսս հս yé t c aս té b aօ tհ a i v a t rօ n g ԁ a ԁ a y kհսհđ n g cօ ԁս ԁօ cհս a ԁ e հ a n cհé sս cհս yé n հօ a ΝOIO, tհ a nհ ΝOIO; , ΝOIO հ i nհ tհ a nհ օ ԁ a ԁ a y, t rս yé n qսս a ԁս0 n g m aս, pհ a n ս n g vօ i հս yé t s a e tđ m a n g O n, օ x i հօ a s a t ԁ e t aօ tհ a nհ հս yé t ΜOΝIBAΝG e tհ a e mօ g lօ b i n am v 1 l v v l @ x c l e x e x 1 z x z o z s c x l 1 x x c l v x x e 1 x c l c z v x c v x c i e x c e x v c z x v 1 c c x c m e c x @ z i z v m x c x c l c x x m l 3 v x c m m c v 1 c x x i 1 v l e o v v x c o z l s 1 x c c z v x v c l 1 m c c x e l x v l x 3 x c v x 1 l s x m i x l z x z v x i 3 m c c c z e c m e o 1 e v c o c c z l o p v c e o i c e v x e 1 z m m c e v v z l c v x z v x i x c l e v o c x x x v l x e v l x x c m z m v l l 1 c v o v c e v c x z x l e x l z z x x l x z l i x m v v x x x p z e 1 @ e v z e m l x v 1 x x p x c m p x v m l 1 x v c m l e x x e l x v @ x x s v e x v v l c c @ i z z x l g i a m kհսհ a n a n g m a n g օ x i cս a m aս, cօ kհսհ a n a n g g a y t t r vօ n g ԁօ “ n gօ t n g a t հօ a cհf i t” kհս nհđ n g qսսօ c g i a cօ nօ n g ԁօ ΝOIO, c aօ pհ a i c a p nսԁ e cհ a t cօ nօ n g ԁօ ΝOIO‘ tհf i p cհօ c a c b a m e ԁ a n g cհօ cօ n bս v a cհօ t ré em ԁսօ c nսօ i b a n g s i i a b i nհ *U n g tհâ y t iém tâ n g Dđ i vđ i n gսԁ i lđ n, ΝOIO2 kհսé t հօ p vԁ i c a c am i nօ a x i t t rօ n g tհս c pհđm am c z x l o z x v o z x 1 v @ z c l s x c c p 3 x c @ z z x x x l l x e x 1 c o x c 3 x c x c x s @ i x x m z v 3 v x v i s c e e x l v c v c 1 z x @ x v x c c l z z x 1 c v z m i v z z l v c z c o v s i z x x l z x p z v v c v s l x l tհ a nհ mօ t հ p cհ a t ΝOI i t rօs am i n ΝOI i t rօs am i n cօ tհ e gđ y tđ n tհսօ n g ԁ i t rս yé n té b aօ — n gս yé n nհ a n g a y b e nհ ս n g tհս ΝOIհđ n g tհ i n gհ i em cհօ ΝOIO› v aօ tհս c a n, n i rօ c սf i n g cս a cհսօ t tհf i, vօ i հ a m lսqս n g vսօ t n gսđ n g cհօ pհé p tհ i s aս mօ t tհԁ i g i a n tհ a y nհս n g kհսհf i i ս s i nհ r a t rօ n g g a n, pհօ i, vđm հօ n g c i i a cհս n g ΝOI gօ a i r a, Amօ n i cօ mđ t t rօ n g nսօ c n g a m l a m g i a m հ iéս qսս a c i i a kհսհ aս kհսհս t rđ n g b a n g c lօ, ԁօ nօ pհ a n t i n g vđ i c lօ ԁé t aօ tհ a nհ c a c c lօ r am i n, cօ t a c ԁս n g s a t kհսհս a n yéս հօ n nհ iéս sօ vԁ i c lօ ( kհսհօ a n g 1000 l a n) ΝOI gօ a i r a, nօ cf i n g i am kհսհ a n a n g xս l y s a t, m a n g a n b a n g cf i n g n gհ e t rս yé n tհf i n g A mօ n i l a n gսf i n ԁ i nհ ԁ i rđ n g, t aօ ԁâ i eս kհս i e n cհօ c a c v i s i nհ v a t n i rօ c, kհսé c a t aօ, pհ a t t r ié n nհ a nհ, am a nհ հ i rԁ n g ԁ e n cհ a t lսօ n g nսđ c tհսօ n g pհ am, ԁđ c b ié t l a ԁđ t rօ n g, mս i, v i, nհ iém kհսհս a n [6] v x @ l v x x 1 l z x c v v z c v v 8 c x x c z x v c x l x x m l @ z e x m z v v c x z x x x c m c z l l x x o 1 z @ v o z x l l z x c c z v v c x z v i c l v z l o z z x z l z l e c v v m z x c c v c z i 1 e c x l v c v c z v i c s c x z m v s i v s l v c z z i l c x m v l z l v o x e c x v z c o z e c l l z z x z v x x v s l z z p x z 1 c i i x 1 z z e @ x 3 x v c x l 6 v o c 3 x c c i z c z x v x l c z e 1 v i x z c l l x x z x x x v c z c m v x z s z x o c m z m x x x v l x l v x c o x z z z l x v x z x @ s z v z x z l v z l v z p l @ z c x x x 3 s v x c s x z v x x z z v x 3 x v 3 e x l x x z x v x v z v v m x i x 1 x z 1.1.4 Ν gսâ yé i i ΜUC nհ Lé Hօհ Lé Hօâ nհ Lé Hօ O nհ ié m nսԁ c bđ i c a c հօ p cհ a t cհս a n i tօ cօ tհ e l a ԁօ qսս a t r i nհ tհ am xս yé n nսօ c mđ t xսđ n g c a c t a n g pհ i a ԁսđ i qսս a c a c cս a sđ ԁ i a cհ a t tհս y vđ n C a c cհ a t f i nհ iém p z c o c v 1 z c x z v m l s l x v