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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING BA RIA-VUNG TAU UNIVERSITY DUONG HUY THE USE OF AUTONOMOUS TECHNOLOGYBASED LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES AMONG NON-ENGLISH MAJORS AT DALAT UNIVERSITY Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of TESOL SUPERVISOR: TRAN QUOC THAO, Ph D Ba Ria - Vung Tau, March , 2021 download by : skknchat@gmail.com The thesis entitled THE USE OF AUTONOMOUS TECHNOLOGY-BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING THE STRATEGIES AMONG NON-ENGLISH MAJORS AT DA LAT UNIVERSITY was successfully defended and approved on March 13, 2021 at Ba Ria - Vung Tau University (BVU) Academic supervisor: Dr Trần Quốc Thao Examination Committee Assoc Prof Dr Phạm Hữu Đức: Chair Dr Nguyễn Hoàng Tuấn: Reader Dr Phan Thế Hưng: Reader Dr Dương Mỹ Thẩm : Member Dr Lê Lan Phương: Secretary Member On behalf of the Examination Committee Chair Assoc Prof Dr Phạm Hữu Đức i download by : skknchat@gmail.com MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING BA RIA VUNG TAU UNIVERSITY Ba Ria - Vung Tau, 13th March 2021 MASTER’S THESIS REPORT Student name: DUONG HUY Sex: Male Date of birth: 15 November 1977 Place of birth: Lam Dong Major: Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) Student code: 18110090 I- Thesis title: The use of autonomous technology-based language learning strategies among non-English majored students at Dalat University II- Objectives and contents: This study aims to scrutinize non-English majors’ strategies towards autonomous technology-based language learning (ATLL) at the context of Da Lat University The research objectives are as follows: - To explore non-English majors’ attitudes towards the use of autonomous technology-based language learning (ATLL) at the context of Da Lat University - To investigate the use of autonomous technology-based language learning strategies among non-English majored students at Dalat University This study was conducted at the context of Da Lat University, there are many technology-based facilities such as Electronic library, multimedia rooms, LAB, I-class, smart classrooms, self-study rooms with Wi-Fi internet aiming to help students to study English As such, students are required to take responsibility to learn independently The participants were non-English majored students who were studying at Tourism Services and Tour Management, Economics and Business Administration, Information Technology and International Studies faculty In order to gain the results, this study applied the mixed-method: quantitative and qualitative, two instruments were utilized: questionnaire and semi-structured interview so as to collect the data III- Starting date: September 1st 2020 ii download by : skknchat@gmail.com IV- Completing date: March 1st 2020 V- Academic supervisor: Tran Quoc Thao, Ph D ACADEMIC SUPERVISOR FACULTY DEAN iii download by : skknchat@gmail.com CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I certify my authorship of the Master’s Thesis submitted today entitled: “THE USE OF AUTONOMOUS TECHNOLOGY-BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES AMONG NON-ENGLISH MAJORS AT DA LAT UNIVERSITY” Ba Ria - Vung Tau, March, 2021 DUONG HUY iv download by : skknchat@gmail.com RETENTION AND USE OF THE THESIS I hereby state that I, DUONG HUY, being a candidate for the degree of Master of TESOL accept the requirements of the University relating to the retention and use of Master’s Theses deposited in the Library In terms of these conditions, I agree that the original of my Master’s Thesis deposited in the Library should be accessible for purposes of study and research, in accordance with the normal conditions established by the Librarian for the care, loan, and reproduction for theses Ba Ria Vung Tau, March, 2021 v download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Dr Tran Quoc Thao for his professional guidance, efforts and support he gave me throughout the different phases of writing my Master Thesis I was very lucky to work on my research under his supervision and patience which inspired me to greater efforts I would also like to take the opportunity to thank examiners for reading my proposal for their in- depth comments and suggesting future steps they gave during the thesis defense I am also deeply grateful for the support of teachers and students at Dalat University, the enthusiastic participation of the students and teachers in this research project This study would not have been possible without the valuable data they provided Last but not least, I owe my family wholehearted thanks for the everlasting support and encouragement I received I might not have gone that far on my academic path without them luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university vi download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university ABSTRACT Technology has emerged as an indispensable part in education in general and in English language education in particular Accordingly, the use of technology for autonomous English language learning should be imperative This study, therefore, aims to scrutinize the use of autonomous technology-based language learning strategies among non -English majors at the context of the Dalat University The research participants were 425 non-English majors conveniently sampled answering the closed-ended questionnaires, and 25 of whom were invited for semi-structured interviews The quantitative data from questionnaires were processed by SPSS, while the qualitative data from interviews were analyzed using the content analysis approach The findings unraveled that the research participants had positive attitudes and effective strategies toward autonomous technology-based language learning Among three components of attitudes, it was found out that research participants were highly aware of the roles of technology in autonomous language learning (cognitive attitudes), they had positive feelings towards the use of technology in autonomous language learning (affective attitudes), and they had different activities for using technology for autonomous language learning (behavioral attitudes) The findings also showed that most of research participants became more autonomous for their language learning and applied more autonomous technology-based language learning strategies beyond the classroom Such preliminary findings are hoped to shed light on the enhancement of learner autonomy by integrating technology into autonomous English language teaching and learning Keywords: attitude; autonomy; non-English major; strategies; technology; language learning luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university vii download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I certify my authorship of the Master’s Thesis submitted today entitled: iv RETENTION AND USE OF THE THESIS v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi ABSTRACT vii LIST OF FIGURES xii CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the study 1.2 Statement of the Problem 1.3 Aims of the Study 1.4 Research Questions 1.5 Scope of the Study 1.6 Significance of the Study 1.7 Definitions of the Terms 1.8 Organization of the thesis CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Learner autonomy 2.2.1 Definitions of learner autonomy 2.2.2 Characteristics of learner autonomy 11 2.3 The use of technology in English language learning 14 2.4 Autonomous language learning strategies 16 2.4.1 Classification of autonomous language learning strategies 16 2.4.2 Autonomous technology-based language learning strategies 18 2.5.1 Definitions of attitudes 23 2.5.2 The components of attitudes 23 Figure 1.1: the ABC model of attitude 24 2.6 Previous studies 26 2.7 Conceptual Framework in this Study 32 luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university viii download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university Figure 2.1: The conceptual framework for Autonomous Technology-based Language Learning strategies 32 2.8 Chapter summary 33 CHAPTER 34 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 34 3.1 Introduction 34 3.2 Research Site 34 3.3 Research design 35 Figure 3.1: Sequential explanatory design (Creswell, 2009, p 209) 36 3.4 Sample and sampling procedures 36 Table 3.1: Participants’ general information 39 3.5 Research instruments 39 3.5.1 Questionnaire 39 3.5.2 Semi-structured interview 41 3.6 Data collection procedures 41 3.7 Data analysis procedures 42 3.8 Validity and Reliability 43 Table 3.2 Cronbach’s Alpha of the questionnaire items 44 CHAPTER 47 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 47 4.1 Introduction 47 4.2 Results 47 4.2.1 Non-English majored students’ attitudes towards Autonomous Technologybased Language Learning (ATLL) 47 Table 4.1 Non-English majored Students’ attitudes towards ATLL 48 Table 4.2 Non-English majored students’ affective attitudes towards ATLL 49 Table 4.3 Non-English majored students’ behavioural attitudes towards ATLL 51 Table 4.4 Non-English majored students’ cognitive attitudes towards ATLL 52 4.2.2 Non-English majored students’ Autonomous Technology-based Language Learning Strategies (ATLLS) 53 Table 4.5 Non-English majored students’ memory strategies 55 Table 4.6 Non-English majored students’ cognitive strategies 56 luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university ix download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university Tran, T Q., & Seepho, S (2016) EFL learners’ attitudes toward intercultural communicative language teaching and their intercultural communicative competence development Journal of English Studies, 11, 1-40 Tran, T N.P., & Tran, T Q (2017) Attitudes towards the Learning of culture in English language learning among Vietnamese high school students Proceedings of the Third International TESOL Conference Promoting ELT: Diverse Perspectives and New Horizons at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education (pp.233-246) Ho Chi Minh City: Ho Chi Minh City University of Education Publishing House Trinh, Q L (2005) Stimulating learner autonomy in English language education: A curriculum innovation study in a Vietnamese context (Doctoral desertation, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Holand) Retrieved from https://dare.uva.nl/search?identifier=d5d936f4-9637-4b13-989a-aea84a94f80e Warschauer, M & Meskill, C (2000) Technology and second language learning In J Rosenthal (Ed.), Handbook of undergraduate second language education (pp 303-318) Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Wenden, A 1998 Learner strategies for learner autonomy Great Britain: Prentice Hall White, C (2003) Language learning in distance education Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press Wu, W V., & Marek, M (2010) Making English a “habit”: Increasing confidence, motivation, and ability of EFL students through cross-cultural, computerassisted interaction The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 9(4), pp 101–112 Retrieved from www.tojet.net/articles/v9i4/9410.pdf Xu, J F., & Li, B B (2014) Effects of EFL learner controllable factors on college students’ autonomous English learning ability Modern Foreign Languages, 37(5), 647-656 Winke, P., & Goertler, S (2008) Did we forget someone? Students’ computer access and literacy for CALL CALICO Journal, 25 (3), 482–509 Yu, W.-K., Sun, Y.-C., & Chang, Y.-J (2010) When technology speaks language: An evaluation of course management systems used in a language learning context ReCALL, 22(3), 332–355 luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 80 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university Zhou, Y (2016) Digital vocabulary competition as motivator for learning in CFL classrooms Journal of Technology and Chinese Language Teaching, 7(2), 122 luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 81 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university APPENDICES APPENDIX A PILOTING QUESTIONNAIRES STUDENT QUESTIONAIRE (English Version) ENGLISH VERSION OF QUESTIONNAIRE Survey of Non-English Majors about the use of autonomous technology-based language learning strategies Dear students, The following questionnaire is designed for a study entitled “The use of autonomous technology-based language learning strategies among non-English majors at Dalat University” This questionnaire is not a test so there are no “right” or “wrong” answers and you not even have to write your name on it The results of this survey will be used only for research purposes, so please give your answers sincerely, as only this will ensure the success of this project Thank you very much for your help! PART I: DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Gender: Male Female Age range: 18-20 21-23 Student level: Freshman Sophomore Junior Senior Over 24 Your major: …………………………………………………………………… For how long have you been learning English? year 2-6years over years I use technology-based devices to study English approximately _ a week 0-3 hours 4-7 hours 8-11 hours more than 12 hours Do you attend extra classes in an English language center after school? Yes No General computer skills (MS Office, Internet, Email, Google ) luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 82 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university very bad bad good normal very good Technology devices you use to learn English smartphone iPad Desktop computer Laptop computer others PART II: ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE USE OF AUTONOMOUS TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING Please read the sentences and answer in terms of how well the statement describes your attitudes towards the use of autonomous technology-based English language learning Please indicate the degree of your agreement by putting a cross in the column that corresponds to your choice for each item, using the scale below Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree THE ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE USE OF AUTONOMOUS TECHNOLOGY-BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING Affective I get more actively involved in English courses that use autonomous technology-based language learning Technology makes me feel connected to what’s going on with my autonomous English language learning Technology makes me feel connected to other students in my autonomous English language learning I like learn English with technology (e.g., iPad, laptop, cellphone) autonomously I am interested in using technology to learn English autonomously because it motivates me to explore many topics I may not have seen before Behavioral I set time to read books, documents and journals on the Internet in English autonomously I set time to learn English on the Internet autonomously I set time to watch TV shows in English to strengthen my learning listening skills autonomously I choose my own way to learn English on the Internet autonomously without imitating others I try to enroll an extra English course online to improve 10 my English autonomously Cognitive The important purpose of autonomous learning English 11 on the Internet is to get high score in English test English Tests Technology-devices can be a good supplement to support 12 autonomous English learning 5 5 5 5 5 5 luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 83 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university I find it important to autonomous English learning on the Internet Using technology-devices makes me more efficient in 14 autonomous English learning 13 15 The Internet is a useful autonomous learning English tool 5 PART III: AUTONOMOUS TECHNOLOGY-BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES Please read the sentences and answer in terms of how well the statement describes your autonomous technology-based language learning strategies Please indicate the degree of your agreement by putting a cross in the column that corresponds to your choice for each item, using the scale below Never or almost never true Sometimes true Occasionally true Usually true Always or almost always true 16 17 18 19 20 AUTONOMOUS TECHNOLOGY-BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING Memory STRATEGIES I think of the relationship between what I already know and new things I learn in English on the Internet I type new English words in a sentence so that I can remember them on my technology devices I use an online dictionary with audio to help me pronounce the new word exactly I remember a new English word using the online picture dictionary I play vocabulary games online to improve my English words 21 I use online flashcards to remember new English words 22 I study new English words by free vocabulary learning software 23 I review English lessons online I remember new English words or phrases by remembering their location on the Internet, on the board, or on a vocabulary street sign items with meanings on stickers and I write 25 apps in Messages on my technology devices Cognitive 24 26 I learn English grammar online I try to speak like native English speakers by watching English video clips on YouTube I practise the sounds of English with my technology 28 devices 27 5 5 5 5 5 5 luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 84 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 29 I search English language documents by voice on Google I start conversations in English by chatting online with my friends I watch English language TV shows spoken in English or 31 watch movies spoken in English 30 32 I read English news online for pleasure I write notes, messages, letters or reports in English with my technology devices When watching TV programs or films on computers I 34 read English subtitles to understand more I75look for words in my own language that are similar to 35 new words in English with technology devices 33 36 I try to find patterns in English on the Internet 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 I find the meaning of an English word online by dividing it into parts that I understand I watch TV programs or films on computers twice: once with subtitles and once without more at: IRead make summaries of information that I hear or read in https://www.gadgetsnow.com/featured/best-dictionaryEnglish online apps-for-yourMetacognitive smartphone/articleshow/75871298.cms?utm_source=cont I try to find reading or listening material on the Internet entofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst that is at or near my level I check my English mistakes through checking spelling and grammar tool with MS-word I pay attention when someone is speaking English when watching video clips on YouTube I try to find out how to be a better learner of English online I plan my schedule so that I will have enough time to study English on the Internet When I finish learning on the computer I check if my work is correct/how well I had done I look for opportunities to read on the Internet as much as possible in English When I find a good Internet site for studying English, I save the address 48 I learn new words through English songs on the Internet Social If I not understand something in English, I use Google 49 to help I record my English talk and email to ask native speakers 50 to correct me I practise English with other students through social 51 networking websites such as Facebook or Zalo 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 85 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 52 I ask for help from native speakers online 53 I ask questions in English online with my friends 5 54 I try to learn about the culture of English speakers by watching video clips on YouTube 55 I chat with foreigners online THANK YOU *All the information given in this questionnaire will be kept confidential luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 86 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university APPENDIX B PILOTING QUESTIONNAIRES STUDENT QUESTIONAIRE (Vietnamese Version) BẢNG KHẢO SÁT SINH VIÊN (Vietnamese Version) Khảo sát sinh viên không chuyên tiếng Anh chiến lược tự chủ học tiếng Anh dựa công nghệ Chào các bạn sinh viên, Bảng câu hỏi được thiết kế cho một nghiên cứu mang tên “Sinh viên không chuyên tiếng Anh trường Đại học Đà Lạt chiến lược tự chủ học tiếng Anh dựa công nghệ” Bảng câu hỏi không kiểm tra câu trả lời “đúng” hay “sai” và bạn không cần viết tên vào bảng Kết quả khảo sát chỉ sử dụng cho mục đích nghiên cứu vì các bạn vui lòng trả lời thành thật để đảm bảo thành công đề tài Cám ơn giúp đỡ các bạn nhiều! PHẦN I: THÔNG TIN CÁ NHÂN Giới tính: Nam Tuổi: 18-20 Sinh viên năm: Năm ba Năm Nữ 21-23 24 Năm hai Năm tư Chuyên ngành: …………………………………………………………………… Bạn học tiếng Anh bao lâu? năm 2-6 năm năm Bạn sử dụng thiết bị công nghệ (Điện thoại thông minh, máy tính bảng, máy tính để bàn, máy tính xách tay…) để học tiếng Anh khoảng _ một tuần 0-3 4-7 8-11 12 Ngoài học trường bạn có tham gia học tiếng Anh mợt trung tâm Ngoại ngữ nào khơng? có khơng Khả sử dụng máy tính và Internet bản bạn (MS Office, Websites, Email, Google ) yếu trung bình luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 87 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university tốt tốt Những thiết bị công nghệ bạn sử dụng để học tiếng Anh Điện thoại thông minh (Smartphone) Máy tính bảng (iPad) Máy tính để bàn (Desktop computer) Máy tính xách tay (Laptop computer) Những thiết bị công nghệ khác PHẦN II: THÁI ĐỘ ĐỐI VỚI CHIẾN LƯỢC TỰ CHỦ HỌC TIẾNG ANH DỰA TRÊN CÔNG NGHỆ Các bạn vui lòng đọc các câu bên và trả lời đúng về thái độ bạn chiến lược tự chủ học tiếng Anh dựa công nghệ Đánh dấu chéo (X) vào ô tương ứng với câu trả lời bạn theo thang đánh giá từ (Hoàn toàn không đồng ý) đến (Hoàn toàn đờng ý) Vui lòng khơng bỏ sót mục nào Hoàn toàn Khơng Trung lập khơng đờng ý đờng ý (bình thường) Hồn tồn Đờng ý đờng ý THÁI ĐỘ ĐỐI VỚI CHIẾN LƯỢC TỰ CHỦ HỌC TIẾNG ANH DỰA TRÊN CÔNG NGHỆ Cảm xúc Tôi cảm thấy tích cực khóa tự chủ học tiếng Anh dựa cơng nghệ Công nghệ làm cho cảm nhận được kết nối với việc tự chủ học tiếng Anh Công nghệ làm cho cảm nhận được kết nối với 5 5 5 5 sinh viên khác việc tự chủ học tiếng Anh Tôi thích tự chủ học tiếng Anh với công nghệ (iPad, laptop, smartphone …) Tôi quan tâm việc sử dụng công nghệ để tự chủ học tiếng Anh vì là động thúc đẩy tìm hiểu nhiều chủ Hành vi đề mà có lẽ trước tơi chưa thấy Tôi chủ động ấn định thời gian để đọc sách, tài liệu và tạp chí tiếng Anh Internet Tôi chủ động ấn định thời gian để học tiếng Anh Internet Tôi ấn định thời gian để xem chương trình TV tiếng Anh để chủ động tăng cường kỹ nghe Tơi chọn cách riêng để tự chủ học tiếng Anh Internet mà không bắt chước người khác luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 88 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 10 Tôi cố gắng để ghi danh thêm mợt khóa học tiếng Anh Internet để cải thiện việc tự chủ học tiếng Anh Nhận thức Mục đích quan trọng việc tự chủ học tiếng Anh 11 Internet là để có được điểm số cao bài kiểm tra Những thiết bị cơng nghệ có thể bổ sung tốt cho việc hỗ 12 tiếng Anh trợ tự chủ học tiếng Anh English Tôi nhậnTests thấy được tầm quan trọng việc tự chủ học 13 tiếng Anh Internet Việc sử dụng thiết bị công nghệ làm cho cảm 14 nhận được hiệu quả việc tự chủ học tiếng Anh Intertnet là một công cụ hữu dụng việc tự chủ học 15 tiếng Anh PHẦN III: NHỮNG CHIẾN LƯỢC TỰ CHỦ HỌC TIẾNG ANH DỰA VÀO CÔNG NGHỆ Các bạn vui lòng đọc các câu bên và trả lời đúng về nghững chiến lược tự chủ học tiếng Anh dựa vào công nghệ Đánh dấu chéo (X) vào ô tương ứng với câu trả lời bạn theo thang đánh giá từ (Không đúng) đến (Luôn đúng) Vui lòng khơng bỏ sót mục nào Khơng Thỉnh thoảng Đôi đúng Thường Luôn NHỮNG CHIẾN LƯỢC TỰ CHỦ HỌC TIẾNG ANH DỰA VÀO CÔNG NGHỆ Ký ức Tôi nghĩ về mối liên hệ điều biết và kiến thức 16 mà học được tiếng Anh Internet Tôi đặt câu với từ thiết bị công nghệ để 17 có thể nhớ lâu Tơi sử dụng tự điển Internet có kèm âm để 18 giúp phát âm từ được chính xác Tôi ghi nhớ một từ tiếng Anh việc sử dụng từ 19 điển hình Internet Tôi chơi trò chơi về từ vựng Internet để cải 20 thiện vốn từ tiếng Anh Tôi sử dụng Flashcards Internet để nhớ các từ 21 tiếng Anh luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 89 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 22 Tôi học từ tiếng Anh phần mềm học từ 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 vựng miễn phí 23 24 Tôi ôn tập qua bài học tiếng Anh Internet Tôi nhớ các từ cụm từ tiếng Anh cách ghi nhớ vị trí chúng Internet, bảng, Tôi viết các mục từ vựng có nghĩa nhãn dán và 25 bảng hiệu đường phố ứng dụng tin nhắn thiết bị công nghệ Nhận thức 26 27 Tôi học ngữ pháp tiếng Anh Internet Tơi cố gắng để nói tiếng Anh người bản xứ việc xem các video clip tiếng Anh YouTube 28 29 30 31 Tôi luyện giọng tiếng Anh thiết bị công nghệ Tôi tìm tài liệu tiếng Anh việc sử dụng giọng nói ứng dụng Google Tôi bắt đầu cuộc hội thoại tiếng Anh việc trò chuyện trực tuyến với bạn bè Tôi xem các chương trình TV tiếng Anh xem phim tiếng Anh Internet 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Tôi đọc tin tức để thư giản tiếng Anh Internet Tôi ghi chép, nhắn tin, viết thư viết báo cáo tiếng Anh trên thiết bị công nghệ Khi xem các chương trình truyền hình phim máy tính đọc phụ đề tiếng Anh để hiểu thêm Tôi tìm kiếm các từ tiếng Việt mà tương tự với 75 từ tiếng Anh thiết bị công nghệ Tôi cố gắng tìm các mẫu câu tiếng Anh Internet Tôi tìm nghĩa một từ tiếng Anh Internet cách chia từ nhiều phần mà tơi hiểu Tôi xem các chương trình TV phim máy tính hai lần: mợt lần với phụ đề và mợt lần khơng có phụ đề Tơi tóm tắt thơng tin mà nghe đọc được 39 Read more at: tiếng Anh Internet https://www.gadgetsnow.com/featured/best-dictionarySiêu nhận thức apps-for-yoursmartphone/articleshow/75871298.cms?utm_source=cont 90 entofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Tôi cố gắng tìm đọc nghe các tài liệu tiếng Anh Internet phù hợp với cấp độ Tôi kiểm tra lỗi tiếng Anh công cụ kiểm tra lỗi chính tả và ngữ pháp phần mềm soạn thảo MSTơi chú ý đến nói tiếng Anh xem các video clip Word YouTube Tôi tìm cách để trở thành người học giỏi tiếng Anh Internet Tơi xếp thời gian để có đủ thời gian học tiếng Anh Internet Sau học máy tính xong tơi kiểm tra lại có đúng khơng và thực nào Tôi tìm kiếm hội để đọc tài liệu tiếng Anh Internet càng nhiều càng tốt Khi tìm thấy một website hay Internet mà tốt cho việc học tiếng Anh, lưu lại địa chỉ này Tôi học từ vựng thông qua các bài hát tiếng Anh 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Internet Xã hội 49 50 51 52 53 54 Nếu tơi khơng hiểu điều gì tiếng Anh, tơi sử dụng Google để trợ giúp Tôi ghi âm lại các đoạn nói tiếng Anh tơi và email để yêu cầu người bản xứ để sửa Tôi luyện tập tiếng Anh thông qua trang mạng xã hôi Facebook Zalo Tôi nhờ giúp đỡ từ người bản xứ việc học tiếng Anh mạng Tôi đặt câu hỏi tiếng Anh với bạn bè Internet Tôi cố gắng tìm hiểu về văn hóa người nói tiếng Anh cách xem video clip YouTube 55 Tôi trò chuyện với người nước ngoài Internet CẢM ƠN CÁC BẠN *Tất thông tin bảng câu hỏi giữ bí mật luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university 91 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university APPENDIX C SAMPLE OF INTERVIEW DATA ANALYSIS Students’ attitudes towards the use of ATLL Do you think that autonomous technologybased CODE language learning is important for non-English majored students? S1G1 Yes S2G2 Yes Because it improves skills for English tests In what ways technologybased help you to improve your language learning? the great potential to change the existing English learning methods What you think of using technology devices for learning purposes outside classroom? Autonomous technology-based language learning strategies Are there any factors hindering the use of autonomous technologybased language learning? More creative, Computer More skills, Wi-Fi autonomous problems Improve selfregulated learning skills autonomously increase English learning skills through using technologies Do you think autonomous technologybased language learning strategies can help you to learn English more effectively? yes Not be skillful users of Yes technology Which autonomous technologybased language learning strategies you use most? Do you have goals in your language learning with your technology devices? Why and why not? language learning websites Yes, most suitable for today’s language learners Can study by myself without English teacher On my smartphone Yes, passing with 4G to the English practice tests English online 102 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university Do you use any other strategies when learning language autonomously ? yes Yes Information searching luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university S3G3 S4G4 S5G5 S1G2 Yes Because students become more and more confident when learning English Yes Yes Yes Choosing information from different sources on the internet Improve the selfconfidence in learning more active and independent in own learning encourage to learn individually and to acquire responsible behaviors rapid information and appropriate materials Computer skills Decisionmaking skills lack vocabulary Yes, Yes understanding Creative skills grammar structures Not all control English learning activities Yes learning progress methods of applying technology based to study language My laptop and smartphone to improve my English Selfassessment through English testing online Practice my pronunciation and speaking skills through talking with “Siri” on my iPhone 103 download by : skknchat@gmail.com luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university Planning and selfassessment Yes, change study habit Selfassessment No attempt to complete tasks in effective ways Yes Seeking friends or teachers for help check our progress regularly Yes Seeking help from the other sources online luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university luan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.universityluan.van.thac.si.the.use.of.autonomous.technology.based.language.learning.strategies.among.non.english.majors.at.da.lat.university
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