(Tiểu luận) topics environment food and drinks

BANKING ACADEMY DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PORTFOLIO Group Topics: Environment & Food and drinks Instructors: Mrs Le Thi Thuy Ha No Student ID 24A4011003 24A4010987 24A4011040 24A4010647 Name Nguyen Binh Khang Bui Nhat Hoang Ngo Duc Manh Le Cong Son Bac Ninh, 2023 Class K24TCB-BN K24TCB-BN K24TCB-BN K24TCB-BN Table of contents 1st Article Vocabulary and Phrase Key nd Article 11 Vocabulary and Phrase 15 Key 16 3rd Article 19 Vocabulary and phrase 22 Key 23 th Article 25 Vocabulary and phrase 28 Key 29 th Article 31 Vocabulary and phrase 33 Key 34 References 35 1st Article Read the text and question below For each question, mark the correct letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet Is banning single-use plastic the right option? Around the world, people are realizing the significant problems caused by plastic waste In the last 65 years, we have become increasingly dependent on plastic It’s easy to understand why: it’s cheap to produce, light – therefore easy and cheap to transport – and incredibly strong and durable But it’s these advantages which also make it so harmful Plastic is never fully degraded by bacteria, so it must be gradually broken down into tiny pieces by the wind, sun or water The micro-plastics that result from these processes are harmful to the environment It is also very difficult to recycle, in fact currently only 9% of all the plastic produced has been recycled Some are burnt, but the majority goes to landfill One popular solution to the problem is to prohibit single use plastics In the UK, supermarkets are being encouraged to set up plastic-free aisles, in which the food is displayed loosely, and shoppers are encouraged to make more environmentally-friendly choices in packing and transporting their food A tax has already been placed on plastic carrier bags, which has cut their use by 90% Bans on single-use plastic items like cotton buds and drinking straws and charges for disposable coffee cups are also coming into place Schemes for reducing the use of plastic bottles are also being considered, including paying people to return bottles to shops and increasing the number of public drinking fountains Some governments, such as Canada and India, have even promised to ban the use of single-use plastic altogether by the not-too-distant future Such plans are well-intentioned, but it may not be beneficial to eliminate the use of single-use plastic altogether One of the fields where single-use plastic has a vital role is medicine This is not just because of its low cost It’s also because, by using dishes, vials, syringes and so on just once, infection and cross-contamination are minimized Although glass products are a potential alternative, cleaning them would be extremely expensive in terms of time, money and environmental resources, while increasing the risk to health Plastic packaging is also crucial in the food industry, as it ensures that food is safe for consumers Meanwhile, the provision of bottled water in poor regions and in emergency situations has reduced the spread of water-borne diseases and saved many lives Clearly there is a need to reduce plastic waste and its impact on the environment However, simply banning their single use may not be the best option Industries that rely on single-use plastics for people’s health and safety must be accommodated Moreover, alternative materials must be evaluated strictly regarding their own environmental impact Meanwhile, a better solution to banning all plastics might be to invest in redesigning plastics that can be readily broken down and remanufactured, and better recycling technology Question 1.What is the main idea of the text ? A Talking about why single-use plastic items should not be completely banned B Plastic utensils have a negative impact on the environment C Plastic utensils are an indispensable part of life D Plastic utensils need to be eliminated and replaced with paper materials Why is plastic so popular? A It is abundant in the market B Plastic is difficult to use C Plastic is not convenient for users D it’s cheap to produce, light – therefore easy and cheap to transport How much plastic is decomposed? A 8% B 9% C 10% D 11% What are the main plastic reduction measures? A Use is prohibited B Imposing high taxes on plastic C ncrease use of alternative ingredients D Encourage people to classify waste What measures have been used England to limit plastic waste? A Improve the quality of plastic cups B Completely ban plastic cups C Impose tax on plastic bags D Close stores that use plastic What are the plastic items that are taxed in the UK? A Plastic used to preserve food B Milk cans C Plastic syringe D Cotton swabs, straws What are the benefits of collecting bottled water? A The environment is greener, cleaner and more beautiful B Reduce plastic waste C People were paid, more public water taps were built D The factory can recycle it after recovery Why should we not replace plastic completely? A Plastic is convenient to use B Plastic has cheap production costs C Plastic used in the medical field helps ensure safety D The source of materials to completely replace plastic is no longer available Which countries will ban the use of single-use plastic in the future? A Thailand, China B Malaysia, Japanese C Laos, America D Canada, India 10 Which industries use disposable plastic for safety? A Medical B Finance C Industry D Education Document continues below Discover more from:viện ngân Học hàng Học viện Ngân hàng 799 documents Go to course Tài liệu môn vi mô 42 Tài liệu môn vi mô Học viện ngân… 100% (22) Đề cương ôn tập 33 NHTM học sinh tự… Học viện ngân hàng 97% (65) Describe A Famous Person Học viện ngân… 100% (13) [123doc] - cau-hoi9 nhan-dinh-dung-… Học viện ngân… 100% (13) FILE 20210525 21 183919 Bài-tiểu-… Học viện ngân… 100% (13) Tài Chính Tiền tệ 79 Học viện ngân hàng 92% (39) Vocabulary and Phrase Plastic waste (n): Rác thải nhựa Eg: The amount of plastic waste is too large and has not been processed Increasingly (adv): Ngày Eg: Our living environment is increasingly polluted Incredibly (adv): vô Eg: Organizations doing incredibly important work Processes (n): Quy trình Eg: Each time we have to go through the whole decisionmaking process again Recycle (v): Tái chế Eg: Denmark recycles nearly 85% of its paper Currently (adv): Hiện Eg: The hourly charge is currently £35 Prohibit( v) : cấm Eg: A law prohibiting the sale of alcohol Encouraged (v): động viên Eg: She encouraged many young writers and artists Environmentally-friendly (adj): thân thiện với môi trường Eg: environmentally friendly packaging 10 Single-use (adj): dùng lần Eg: Awareness of environmental damage from single-use bags is growing Key Is banning single-use plastic the right option? Around the world, people are realizing the significant problems caused by plastic waste In the last 65 years, we have become increasingly dependent on plastic It’s easy to understand why: it’s cheap to produce, light – therefore easy and cheap to transport – and incredibly strong and durable(2D) But it’s these advantages which also make it so harmful Plastic is never fully degraded by bacteria, so it must be gradually broken down into tiny pieces by the wind, sun or water The micro-plastics that result from these processes are harmful to the environment It is also very difficult to recycle, in fact currently only 9% of all the plastic produced has been recycled Some are burnt, but the majority goes to landfill (3B) One popular solution to the problem is to prohibit single use plastics (4A) In the UK, supermarkets are being encouraged to set up plastic-free aisles, in which the food is displayed loosely, and shoppers are encouraged to make more environmentallyfriendly choices in packing and transporting their food A tax has already been placed on plastic carrier bags, which has cut their use by 90% (5D) Bans on single-use plastic items like cotton buds and drinking straws and charges for disposable coffee cups are also coming into place(6D) Schemes for reducing the use of plastic bottles are also being considered, including paying people to return bottles to shops and increasing the number of public drinking fountains(7C) Some governments, such as Canada and India, have even promised to ban the use of single-use plastic altogether by the not- 4th Article Read the text and question below Math each question (1-10) with the correct answer (A-H) in the box below What is Recycling Recycling can be defined as the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects It can save material and help lower greenhouse gas emissions The aim of recycling is to avoid "conventional" waste disposal It contributes to the prevention of the waste of potentially useful materials and reduces the consumption of fresh raw materials, thereby reducing: energy usage, air pollution (from incineration), and water pollution (from landfilling) This practice has been around throughout the history of mankind, with recorded advocates as far back as Plato in the fourth century BC Recycling is a key component of modern waste reduction and is the third component of the "Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle" waste hierarchy whose aim is to extract the maximum practical benefits from products and to generate the minimum amount of waste Recyclable materials include many kinds of glass, paper, and cardboard, metal, plastic, tires, textiles, and electronics The composting or other reuse of biodegradable waste—such as food or garden waste—is also considered recycling Materials to be recycled are either brought to a collection center or picked up from the curbside, then sorted, cleaned, and reprocessed into new materials destined for manufacturing 29 In the strictest sense, recycling of a material would produce a fresh supply of the same material—for example, used office paper would be converted into new office paper However, this is often difficult or too expensive (compared with producing the same product from raw materials or other sources), so "recycling" of many products or materials involves their reuse in producing different materials (for example, paperboard) instead Another form of recycling is the salvage of certain materials from complex products, either due to their intrinsic value (such as lead from car batteries, or gold from circuit boards) or due to their hazardous nature (e.g., removal and reuse of mercury from thermometers and thermostats) Much of the difficulty inherent in recycling comes from the fact that most products are not designed with recycling in mind The concept of sustainable design aims to solve this problem Now scientists suggest that every product (and all packaging they require) should have a complete "closed-loop" cycle mapped out for each component—a way in which every component will either return to the natural ecosystem through biodegradation or be recycled indefinitely Matching Question 1.What is the aim of recycling ? Answer A, the process of converting waste materials into new What is the second materials and objects B, every component will either component of the waste return to the natural ecosystem hierarchy ? through biodegradation or be What is the difficulty inherent recycled indefinitely C, glass, paper, and cardboard, in recycling ? metal, plastic, tires, textiles, and 30 What is another form of electronics D, a fresh supply of the same recycling ? The composting or other material E, prevent the waste of reuse of biodegradable waste - potentially useful materials and such as food or garden waste is reduces the consumption of What is recycling’s fresh raw materials F, avoid "conventional" waste contribution ? What is a complete "closed- disposal G, most products are not loop" cycle ? What is recycling ? In the strictest sense, what designed with recycling in mind H, Recycling I, salvage of certain materials would recycling of a material from complex products, either produce ? 10 What are recyclable due to their intrinsic value J, Reuse materials include ? 31 Vocabulary and phrase 1, Emission (n) : phát thải Eg:These health risks are caused by vehicle emissions 2, Disposal (n) : việc xử lý Eg:Some cities in the world not have proper facilities for the disposal of sewage 3, Component (n) : thành phần Eg:Fresh fruit and vegetables are an essential component of a healthy diet 4, Generate (v) : tạo Eg:The new development will generate 1,500 new jobs 5, Material (n) : vật liệu, nguyên liệu Eg:Uranium is a radioactive material 6, Hazardous (adj): nguy hiểm Eg:Heavy snow fell overnight, making road conditions hazardous 7, Inherent (adj) : vốn có, cố hữu Eg:The drug has certain inherent side effects 8, Sustainable (adj) : bền vững Eg:We must improve the built environment through sustainable design and greener buildings 9, Convert (v) : chuyển đổi Eg:What's the formula for converting pounds into kilograms? 10, Coventional (adj) : thông thường Eg:I use a conventional bike 32 Key What is Recycling Recycling can be defined as the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects (8-A) It can save material and help lower greenhouse gas emissions The aim of recycling is to avoid "conventional" waste disposal (1-F) It contributes to the prevention of the waste of potentially useful materials and reduces the consumption of fresh raw materials (6-E), thereby reducing: energy usage, air pollution (from incineration), and water pollution (from landfilling) This practice has been around throughout the history of mankind, with recorded advocates as far back as Plato in the fourth century BC Recycling is a key component of modern waste reduction and is the third component of the "Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle" waste hierarchy (2-J) whose aim is to extract the maximum practical benefits from products and to generate the minimum amount of waste Recyclable materials include many kinds of glass, paper, and cardboard, metal, plastic, tires, textiles, and electronics (10-C) The composting or other reuse of biodegradable waste—such as food or garden waste—is also considered recycling.(5H) Materials to be recycled are either brought to a collection center or picked up from the curbside, then sorted, cleaned, and reprocessed into new materials destined for manufacturing In the strictest sense, recycling of a material would produce a fresh supply of the same material (9-D)—for example, used office paper would be converted into new office paper However, this is often difficult or too expensive (compared with producing the same product from raw materials or other sources), so "recycling" of many products or materials involves their reuse in producing different materials (for example, paperboard) instead Another form of recycling is the salvage of certain 33 materials from complex products, either due to their intrinsic value (4-I) (such as lead from car batteries, or gold from circuit boards) or due to their hazardous nature (e.g., removal and reuse of mercury from thermometers and thermostats) Much of the difficulty inherent in recycling comes from the fact that most products are not designed with recycling in mind (3-G) The concept of sustainable design aims to solve this problem Now scientists suggest that every product (and all packaging they require) should have a complete "closed-loop" cycle mapped out for each component—a way in which every component will either return to the natural ecosystem through biodegradation or be recycled indefinitely (7-B) Matching 1-F 6-E 2-J 7-B 3-G 8-A 4-I 9-D 5-H 10-C 34 5th Article Read the text below and summarize into a paragraph of about 100 words Viet Nam commits to reduce emissions by 2030 For several years, the expansion of forest coverage has allowed Viet Nam's forestry sector to meet its emission reduction commitments, presenting substantial potential for involvement in both domestic and global carbon markets, noted Tran Quang Bao, the director of the Viet Nam Department of Forest (DoF) At a national event in Ha Noi on September 27, co-hosted by DoF and Emergent, the LEAF Coalition's co-ordinator, Bao emphasised that Viet Nam has demonstrated a robust commitment to the global effort against climate change Specific measures include signing the Paris Agreement on Climate Change in 2015, pledging to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, and engaging in numerous climate initiatives such as REDD, the Declaration on Forests and Land Use, and the Leadership Partnership on Forests and Climate Regarding its pledge to curtail emissions as part of its nationally determined contribution (NDC), Viet Nam is targeting a reduction of emissions by 15.8 per cent (equivalent to 146 million tonnes of CO2) through domestic resources Additionally, it seeks a 43.5 per cent cut (corresponding to 403 million tonnes of CO2) with the aid of international support by 2030, Bảo added 35 Accordingly, the Vietnamese Government has assigned ministries to implement the emission reduction target by 2030, of which the agriculture and rural development sector is 129.8 million tonnes of CO2, Bao said On that basis, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has assigned the forestry and land use sector to reduce a minimum of 39.31 and 79.1 million tonnes of CO2 by 2025 and 2030, respectively In Viet Nam, according to the provisions of the Forestry Law, forest carbon absorption and storage services are a type of forest environmental service This is a new type of service with much potential and opportunities for Viet Nam to mobilise additional financial resources for the forestry sector, invest directly in forests, attract rural workers, create jobs, increase income, and improve livelihoods for forest owners and rural people It also contributes to protecting existing forest areas, improving quality, and enhancing the protective function and ecological value of forests At COP26 in Glasgow, Emergent and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Viet Nam (MARD) signed a Letter of Intent (LOI) under which they agreed to initiate negotiations for an emission reduction purchase agreement (ERPA) for Viet Nam to supply jurisdictional REDD+ credits to the LEAF Coalition Accordingly, Viet Nam aims to sell 5.15 million tonnes of CO2e to the LEAF Coalition at a guaranteed floor price of US$10 per tonne of CO2e between 2022-2026 Such emission reductions are expected to be generated from 4.26 million of forest, including 3.24 million of natural forest and 36 1.02 million of plantation forest, in the Central Highlands and the Southern Central Coast regions The objective of the LEAF information-sharing event is to share information about LEAF with ethnic minorities, local communities, development partners, and other key stakeholders in jurisdictions, such as Viet Nam, which are preparing to negotiate and sign Emissions Reduction Purchase Agreements (ERPAs) The LEAF Coalition brings together forest nations, companies, and donor governments to facilitate transactions of high-integrity jurisdictional forest carbon credits, issued by the independent Architecture for REDD+ Transactions (ART) programme under the REDD+ Environmental Excellence Standard (TREES standard) — VNS Vocabulary and phrase 1.Involvement (n): Sự tham gia Eg: US involvement in European wars 2.Demonstrate (v): Chứng minh, đưa chứng Eg: Let me demonstrate to you some of the difficulties we are facing 3.Initiatives (n): Sự bắt đầu, khởi đầu Eg: Most policy initiatives come from the White House 4.Corresponding (adj): Tương ứng, với 37 Eg: A change in the money supply brings a corresponding change in expenditure 5.Implement (v): Thi hành Eg: A new work programme for young people will be implemented 6.Agriculture (n): Nông nghiệp Eg: 50% of the country’s population depends on agriculture 7.Provisions (n): Sự dự phòng, trữ sẵn Eg: The government is responsible for the provision of healthcare 8.Absorption (n): Sự hấp thụ Eg: Vitamin D is necessary to aid the absorption of calcium from food 9.Livelihoods (n): Kế sinh nhai Eg: Communities on the island depended on whaling for their livelihood 10.Substantial (adj): có tính chất thực tế, quan trọng, đáng kể Eg: We were able to see a substantial improvement 38 Key Summarizing: Viet Nam commits to reduce emissions by 2030 Viet Nam's expanding forest coverage enables it to meet emission reduction commitments The country has committed to reducing emissions by 15.8% (146 million tonnes of CO2) with domestic efforts and 43.5% (403 million tonnes of CO2) with international support by 2030 This commitment aligns with their signing of the Paris Agreement and other climate initiatives Viet Nam seeks to utilize forest carbon absorption services to create jobs, income, and protect forests At COP26, Việt Nam signed a Letter of Intent with Emergent to supply REDD+ credits to the LEAF Coalition, aiming to sell 5.15 million tonnes of CO2e The LEAF Coalition supports highintegrity forest carbon credit transactions 39 References 1st  Article https://test-english.com/reading/b2/is-banning-singl-useplastic-the-right-option_reading-test/ 2nd Article    3rd   4th  5th  https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/reading-coffee.php https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee https://www.esolcourses.com/content/reading/intermediate/gra ded-readers/the-story-of-coffee.html Article https://vietnam.travel/things-to-do/history-pho? fbclid=IwAR2GAONpTRXTffPPcCtPZGSQ7Frv4tDHdnhghDcOGQ SiR3ZNNOOOTIgPVXw https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/ Article https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/readingrecycling.php Article https://vietnamnews.vn/environment/1594499/viet-namcommits-to-reduce-emissions-by-2030.html 40 More from: Học viện ngân hàng Học viện Ngân… 799 documents Go to course Tài liệu môn vi mô 42 Tài liệu môn vi mô 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