The integration of fire alarm and power monitoring system in buldings

- Building a model monitoring interface on Control BMS Software and on the Website.. 2: Operation diagram of BMS model the integrating Fire protection and Power monitoring system on Cont

INTRODUCTION

Target implementation

This topic mainly focuses on studying the building of a BMS model to monitor fire alarm and energy systems with the following specific objectives:

 Design a BMS model to monitor the fire alarm system by area (Zone) and address (Address)

 Design a BMS model to collect and monitor the parameters of the power meters

 Design the website to monitor the fire alarm system and energy model

 Analyze and evaluate design models.

Objectives and scope of the study

The study focuses on the Building Management System (BMS), which includes key components such as the Building Control Unit (BCU), Direct Digital Controller (DDC), fire detectors, and electric power meters Additionally, it examines supporting software tools like Control BMS Software and DDC Configurator.

This study aims to develop a simulation model for a fire alarm system that also monitors electricity usage The fire alarm system will oversee the operational status of detectors, bells, and buttons across two floors, with the first floor organized by zones and the second floor by specific addresses Additionally, the energy monitoring system will gather data on current, voltage, and power from two power meters situated on each floor The entire system will be managed through BMS Control Software and a website, enabling remote monitoring capabilities.

Research method

Theory: search, analyze, select, and synthesize documents and standards related to BMS systems, fire alarm systems, energy systems, learn manuals and installation details of equipment used in the model

Construction: design hardware drawings of the model; check the device parameters are compatible with the control software on the computer and assemble the devices on the model

After identifying the ideas, objectives and applications of the topic, we have planned to implement based on the steps shown in Figure 1.1 below.:

Figure 1 1: Block diagram of the model implementation plan 1.6.1 Idea formation

- Integrated BMS model design that monitors fire alarm systems and energy systems intuitively, anytime, anywhere

- Design a model monitoring interface on the Website

- Website system monitors equipment such as: Power parameters, load charts, calculating the amount of building consumption;Detectors, booster fans, fire pumps, light horns, and push buttons

The design section includes the following:

- Hardware design for the system

- Interface design for Website Create a database for Website

- Node-Red programming updates data from devices on the model to the database

The construction section includes the contents:

- Calculate the volume of equipment for the model, design drawings and install hardware devices in the model

- DDC-C46 configuration and interface design on Control BMS Software

- Website program programming and interface design for the model, updating data from the system to the Website

The operation and testing section completes the model including the contents:

- Launch and operate system hardware

- Launch and operate the Website

 Ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems

 Security and fire alarm systems

 Water supply and domestic water treatment system

Figure 2 1: Systems in the building are integrated together

Currently, buildings use many solutions to integrate multiple systems into the BMS system for the purpose of:

 Make sure the system operates reliably Improve the working efficiency of the system

 Enhanced ability to monitor multiple devices at the same time

Implementing an integrated solution in a building enhances system longevity by centralizing and simplifying monitoring, operation, and management processes, ultimately leading to improved efficiency and performance.

6 management and monitoring of equipment in the building through historical data, maintenance programs, alert systems, thereby reducing the probability of errors occurring in the system

Protocols are essential in the Building Management System (BMS), facilitating communication between various components As illustrated in Figure 2.2, BACnet and Lonmark serve as communication methods connecting control devices to their operating mechanisms, while Modbus TCP/IP enables communication between computers and control devices.

 BACnet protocol: Is a non-proprietary, open communication standard and is applied in practice to any building system today

 Lonmark Protocol: A protocol that can be interacted with BACnet relatively easily

The Modbus protocol features two communication modes, enabling master-slave and client-master interactions With the advancement of technology, Modbus TCP/IP has been developed, facilitating the transmission of the Modbus protocol over TCP/IP networks.

Figure 2 2: The interrelationship of protocol standards in the BMS system [2]

2.2 Decentralized control and Communication management system in BMS

The BMS building management system is an intelligent management system, divided into levels according to Figure 2.3 below:

The system consists of 3 levels that are decentralized in order from low to high:

 Field Level Network: Includes actuators such as sensors, fans, pumps,

 Automatic Level Network: Includes DDC, BCU Devices at this control level are connected to the management level through BAS controls with the BACnet

The Management Level Network serves as both a workstation and a server, functioning as the control center of the Building Management System (BMS) This highest level in the BMS architecture is crucial for overseeing and managing the entire system efficiently.

2.3 Advantages of the BMS system

Currently, most large buildings in city centers are equipped with BMS building management systems to meet the essential management needs of people:

 The system must ensure reliable operation

 The quality of operation of the system is guaranteed

 The system operates with high productivity

 Long operating life of the system

Integrating solutions into buildings simplifies and centralizes human operation and monitoring tasks, enhancing the management of multiple devices within a large system This approach allows managers to track parameters, working status, and schedules effectively, enabling the establishment of periodic maintenance programs, setting alerts, and monitoring error frequencies within the system.

The solution of integrating systems in BMS has brought many benefits for operation and monitoring:

 The cost of operating the system is reduced: the number of workers involved, the energy consumed from the equipment,

 The operation work is simplified to help operators become proficient in using it quickly The system is easy to expand and upgrade

 The equipment in the system is closely monitored and managed

The system works stably and uniformly, reacts quickly when something goes wrong

2.4 Importance of power quality management in BMS

Power quality is a problem related to parameters such as voltage, current, frequency that prevent operating electrical equipment from reaching a normal state often leads to equipment damage

Power quality management is the control of the process of measuring and collecting electrical signals in order to provide timely solutions to improve power quality

The quality of electricity plays an extremely important role in people's daily life and production:

 The parameters of electricity all directly affect the production process

 Power quality greatly affects the operating process and the service life of the equipment

 Power quality is a matter of concern for power suppliers and equipment manufacturers Today, power quality is a top concern for everyone

 The requirement to provide quality power to everyone is the goal of power distributors

Meaning of power management and monitoring:

 From monitoring, we will assess the quality of electricity supplied to the grid to operate a system, thereby serving as a basis for identifying factors that affect power quality

 We can assess the effects of the load on the electricity system as well as the impacts on the national grid

 We will have a better overview of a system that has been operating for a long time, thereby giving an assessment and possible problems in the future

The fire alarm center is responsible for monitoring device status, identifying errors and malfunctions within 200 seconds, and displaying both the operating status of the system and the condition of the equipment.

- Fire alarm by zone and by address

- The center of the fire alarm system must have two independent sources: main and backup power

- The capacity of the backup battery must be at least 24 hours for the device to operate in standing mode and 1 hour when there is a fire

- Fire alarm push buttons can be installed in a separate channel, a separate address (for addressable fire alarm systems) or mounted on a channel with fire detectors

- Integration of interlock function with power system to switch from main power to backup power

In this topic, power monitoring systems are designed to monitor and collect data for each house and building.:

The energy monitoring center is essential for tracking key parameters including voltage, current, power, and power consumption It provides real-time insights into the system's operational status and the condition of power meters, ensuring efficient energy management.

- The center of the power monitoring system is only the main source, when a fire occurs, the backup power is chosen for the fire alarm system

- The monitoring center shows load charts, voltage, or current charts When there is overvoltage or undervoltage the system will display an alert on the screen

Building a BMS system model of fire alarm and power monitoring system: Only monitor, not control with the following requirements:

- Alarm when detecting fire, smoke, overheating, overload, overvoltage, low voltage, or overcurrent

- Monitor the operation status of fire detectors, smoke alarms, heat alarms and energy meter

- Manage devices: Monitor the operating status of devices such as push buttons, bells, fans, …

The entire Building Management System (BMS) will be efficiently managed through a web server homepage, enabling easy remote monitoring and immediate alerts for any issues With user-friendly Control BMS Software and a custom-designed website, operators can effortlessly oversee the operational status of each device, analyze charts, and review the building's electricity, voltage, and current usage through an intuitive monitoring interface.

Point list of two systems

In a Building Management System (BMS), it is essential to develop a comprehensive point list that includes both digital and analog inputs, such as reset buttons and detectors, which control various digital outputs like electric sounders, beacons, fans, and pumps Additionally, the power monitoring system will oversee two Elecnova power meters connected to the management level via Modbus RTU (RS-485), providing a high-level interface for communication This point list serves as a crucial reference for programming the devices within the BMS and aids in selecting controllers that match the required input and output specifications.

Table 3 1: Point list of system

System Devices Quantity DI DO AI AO HLI

Rate of Rise Heat Detector 1 1

The BMS model monitors the fire alarm and power monitoring system consisting of interconnected working blocks that help monitor the equipment in the model as Figure 3.1.

Figure 3 1: BMS model block diagram for fire alarm system monitoring

- The integrated fire alarm system BMS will be powered from the main and backup sources, and the power monitoring system will only be powered from the main source

- The computer will monitor the operating status of the equipment in the fire alarm system and the parameters and charts in the power system

- The BCU central controller collects data from the DDC-C46 digital controller and data from the Elecnova power meter through the RS485

- DDC-C46 will automatically control the equipment in the model and send monitoring data to the BCU such as: probes, booster fans, fire pumps, push buttons,

The Elecnova power meter efficiently gathers data from various floors or buildings and transmits this information to the BCU This enables supervisors to monitor essential parameters, including voltage, current, effective power, and power consumption.

3.2.2 Schematic diagram of the BMS system

The BMS model block diagram for fire alarm and power system monitoring as Figure 3.2 in below

Figure 3 2: Schematic diagram of fire alarm and power monitoring system model

- The computer will monitor the equipment, the energy meter of the fire alarm system model and monitor the power through the cloud thanks to the Wi-fi Router

The BCU central controller gathers data from the DDC-C46 digital controller and power meter using the RS485 communication standard, storing this information in a database It also receives control signals from the server to transmit down to the DDC.

- DDC-C46 digital controller will automatically control equipment such as booster

3.2.3 Device connection diagram in the model of the integration of fire alarm and power monitoring system in buildings

Following the identification of the components within the system and the BMS model block diagram, the connection diagram for the fire alarm and electrical system monitoring model is illustrated in Figure 3.3.

Figure 3 3: Equipment connection diagram in fire alarm and power monitoring system model

15 siren, probes such as: optical smoke detector, increased heat probe, fixed heat detector, smoke, and combined heat detector

- 24VDC to 12VDC pressure relief circuit will power the booster fan and fire pump

- 12VDC to 5VDC pressure relief circuit will power the water level sensor

- 24VDC power will power the EMERGENCY button, in case of emergency, pressing the EMERGENCY button will power the light horn of the whole system

Step 2: Connect the BCU to monitoring devices

- BCU connects to DDC-C46 via RS485 communication standard BCU's A+, B- signal pins will connect to DDC's A1+, B1- signal pins

- BCU connects to Elecnova watches via RS485 communication standard BCU's A+, B- signal pins will connect to signal pins 58, 59 of the Elecnova power meter

Step 3: Connect DDC-C46 to monitoring devices

- DDC's UI01 input will connect to optical smoke detectors, incremental heat detectors, combined smoke and heat detectors, fire sirens to simulate fire alarms by Floor 2 (ZONE)

DDC's UI02, UI03, UI04, and UI05 inputs are designed to interface with incremental heat detectors, optical smoke detectors, fixed heat detectors, and emergency push buttons, respectively This setup will effectively simulate fire alarms by address on Floor 1 (ADDRESS).

The UI06 input is linked to the EMERGENCY button, which, when pressed during an emergency, disconnects the main power supply of the system This action triggers the automatic switch to backup power, activates the light horn, and ensures that the entire system's fan continues to operate.

- UI09 input connects to the S end of the water level sensor to monitor the water level of the fire extinguishing tank

- UI10 input connected to LM2596 pressure relief circuit output to simulate signal monitoring returned by fire pipeline pressure sensor

- UI11 input connects to pin 5 of relay T1, T2 to monitor the working status of the booster fan

- The output N01_1 connected to 24VDC power and N01_2 connected to pin 14 relay T1 for control with turbocharger fans and fire sirens on the 1st floor

- The output N02_1 connected to 24VDC power and N02_2 connected to pin 14 relay T2 for control with turbocharger fan and 2nd floor fire siren

- The output N0 3_1 connects to 24VDC power and N03_2 connects to EMERGENCY relay to activate automatic emergency mode

- AO2 and GND outputs connect to Arduino's A0 and GND respectively to control fire pump speed

After outlining the system components and the BMS model block diagram, the following section presents the connection diagram for the fire alarm and electrical system monitoring model, illustrated in Figure 3.4.

Figure 3 4: Software block diagram design

The system consists of three basic blocks as follows:

- Data collection and processing block: has the function of collecting data from the model's field-level devices to the database

 Device monitoring algorithm flowchart on Control BMS Software:

To operate the BMS model to monitor the fire alarm and power monitoring system, perform the steps as shown in Figure 3.5:

Figure 3 5: Flowchart of model monitoring algorithm on BMS software [2]

Implementation plan

After identifying the ideas, objectives and applications of the topic, we have planned to implement based on the steps shown in Figure 1.1 below.:

Figure 1 1: Block diagram of the model implementation plan 1.6.1 Idea formation

- Integrated BMS model design that monitors fire alarm systems and energy systems intuitively, anytime, anywhere

- Design a model monitoring interface on the Website

- Website system monitors equipment such as: Power parameters, load charts, calculating the amount of building consumption;Detectors, booster fans, fire pumps, light horns, and push buttons

The design section includes the following:

- Hardware design for the system

- Interface design for Website Create a database for Website

The construction section includes the contents:

- Calculate the volume of equipment for the model, design drawings and install hardware devices in the model

- DDC-C46 configuration and interface design on Control BMS Software

- Website program programming and interface design for the model, updating data from the system to the Website

The operation and testing section completes the model including the contents:

- Launch and operate system hardware

- Launch and operate the Website

 Ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems

 Security and fire alarm systems

 Water supply and domestic water treatment system

Figure 2 1: Systems in the building are integrated together

Currently, buildings use many solutions to integrate multiple systems into the BMS system for the purpose of:

 Make sure the system operates reliably Improve the working efficiency of the system

 Enhanced ability to monitor multiple devices at the same time

Implementing an integrated solution in a building enhances the system's longevity by centralizing and streamlining monitoring, operations, and management, ultimately leading to improved efficiency and effectiveness.

6 management and monitoring of equipment in the building through historical data, maintenance programs, alert systems, thereby reducing the probability of errors occurring in the system

Protocols are essential in a Building Management System (BMS), facilitating communication between various components As illustrated in Figure 2.2, BACnet and Lonmark serve as communication methods connecting control devices to operating mechanisms, while Modbus TCP/IP enables communication between computers and control devices.

 BACnet protocol: Is a non-proprietary, open communication standard and is applied in practice to any building system today

 Lonmark Protocol: A protocol that can be interacted with BACnet relatively easily

The Modbus protocol features two communication modes, utilizing a message structure for master-slave and client-master interactions With the advancement of technology, Modbus TCP/IP has been introduced, enabling the protocol to operate over TCP/IP networks for enhanced connectivity.

Figure 2 2: The interrelationship of protocol standards in the BMS system [2]

2.2 Decentralized control and Communication management system in BMS

The Management Level Network serves as both a workstation and a server, functioning as the highest tier within the Building Management System (BMS) This level is regarded as the central control hub of the entire system, orchestrating operations and ensuring efficient management.

2.3 Advantages of the BMS system

Integrated solutions for buildings simplify and centralize human operations and monitoring, enhancing the management of multiple devices within a large system This improvement is achieved through the use of parameters, working status, and schedules, enabling managers to implement regular maintenance programs, set alerts, and track error frequencies effectively.

The system works stably and uniformly, reacts quickly when something goes wrong

2.4 Importance of power quality management in BMS

The fire alarm center is required to monitor device status and identify any errors or malfunctions within 200 seconds It should also display the operational status of the system along with the condition of the equipment.

An effective energy monitoring center is essential for tracking key parameters like voltage, current, power, and power consumption It should also provide real-time displays of the system's operational status and the condition of power meters.

The entire BMS system will be efficiently managed from the Web server homepage, enabling easy remote monitoring and alerts for any issues that arise With user-friendly Control BMS Software and a custom-designed website, operators can effortlessly oversee the operational status of each device, review charts, and track the building's electricity, voltage, and current usage through an intuitive monitoring interface.

In a Building Management System (BMS), creating a comprehensive point list is essential This list includes digital and analog inputs, such as reset buttons and detectors, which control various digital outputs like electric sounders, beacons, fans, and pumps Additionally, the power monitoring system tracks two Elecnova power meters connected to the management level via Modbus RTU (RS-485), providing a high-level interface This point list is crucial for programming the BMS devices and selecting controllers with the appropriate input and output capacities.

The Elecnova power meter efficiently gathers data from various floors or buildings, transmitting this monitoring information to the BCU This enables supervisors to track essential parameters, including voltage, current, effective power, and overall power consumption.

The BCU central controller gathers data from the DDC-C46 digital controller and power meter using the RS485 communication standard, storing this information in a database Additionally, it receives control signals from the server to transmit them to the DDC.

Following the identification of the system components and the BMS model block diagram, Figure 3.3 illustrates the connection diagram for the fire alarm and electrical system monitoring model.

DDC's UI02, UI03, UI04, and UI05 inputs will be linked to various safety devices, including incremental heat detectors, optical smoke detectors, fixed heat detectors, and emergency push buttons, to effectively simulate fire alarms by address on Floor 1.

The UI06 input is linked to the EMERGENCY button, which, when pressed during an emergency, disconnects the main power supply of the system This action triggers an automatic switch to backup power, activating the light horn and ensuring that the entire system's fan operates effectively.

After analyzing the components within the system and the BMS model block diagram, the subsequent section presents the connection diagram for the fire alarm and electrical system monitoring model, illustrated in Figure 3.4.

OVERVIEW OF BMS SYSTEM

Decentralized control and Communication management system in BMS

The Management Level Network serves as both a workstation and server, functioning as the highest tier in the Building Management System (BMS) It is regarded as the control center of the entire system, overseeing and managing operations effectively.

Advantages of the BMS system

Integrating solutions into buildings simplifies human operation and centralizes monitoring, enhancing the management of multiple devices within a large system This approach allows managers to track parameters, working status, and schedules, facilitating the implementation of periodic maintenance programs, setting alerts, and monitoring error frequencies effectively.

The system works stably and uniformly, reacts quickly when something goes wrong.

Importance of power quality management in BMS

The fire alarm center is required to monitor device status and detect any errors or malfunctions within 200 seconds, ensuring that the system's operational status and equipment conditions are clearly displayed.

An energy monitoring center is essential for tracking key parameters including voltage, current, power, and power consumption It simultaneously displays the operational status of the system and the condition of the power meters, ensuring efficient energy management and oversight.

The entire BMS system will be efficiently managed through a web server homepage, enabling easy remote monitoring and alerting operators when issues arise With user-friendly Control BMS Software and a custom-designed website, operators can effortlessly oversee the operational status of each device, view monitoring charts, and track the building's electricity, voltage, and current usage through an intuitive interface displayed on the monitoring screen.

In a Building Management System (BMS), it is essential to develop a comprehensive BMS point list that includes both digital and analog inputs, such as reset buttons and detectors, which control various digital outputs like electric sounders, beacons, fans, and pumps Additionally, the power monitoring system will oversee two Elecnova power meters connected to the management level via Modbus RTU (RS-485), facilitating a high-level interface This point list serves as a crucial reference for programming the devices within the BMS and aids in selecting controllers with the appropriate number of inputs and outputs.

The Elecnova power meter efficiently gathers data from various floors or buildings, transmitting this monitoring information to the Building Control Unit (BCU) This enables supervisors to monitor essential parameters, including voltage, current, effective power, and overall power consumption.

The BCU central controller gathers data from the DDC-C46 digital controller and power meter using the RS485 communication standard, storing this information in a database It also receives control signals from the server to relay them to the DDC.

The connection diagram for the fire alarm and electrical system monitoring model, illustrated in Figure 3.3, follows the identification of the system components and the BMS model block diagram.

DDC's UI02, UI03, UI04, and UI05 inputs are designed to interface with incremental heat detectors, optical smoke detectors, fixed heat detectors, and emergency push buttons, respectively This setup will effectively simulate fire alarms by address on Floor 1 (ADDRESS).

The UI06 input is linked to the EMERGENCY button, which, when pressed during an emergency, disconnects the system's main power This action triggers the automatic switch to backup power, activates the light horn, and ensures that the entire system's fan remains operational.

After analyzing the components within the system and the BMS model block diagram, the following section presents the connection diagram for the fire alarm and electrical system monitoring model, illustrated in Figure 3.4.

The BCU continuously updates data from the DDC-C46 and Elecnova energy meter, ensuring that any changes in device data are automatically reflected in the Control BMS Software This allows users to monitor the operational status and identify malfunctions within the fire alarm system, facilitating effective troubleshooting However, it is important to note that the BCU may experience delays in updating and scanning the data area for software updates due to certain limitations.

 Device monitoring algorithm flowchart on Website:

Like to the hardware algorithm flowchart of BMS, this Website is conceptualized and designed based on the requirements set out, perform the steps as shown in Figure 3.6:

Figure 3 6: Flowchart of fire alarm and power system model configuration and monitoring on the Website [2]

The Firebase Realtime Database system will update the data continuously If the data from the device changes, the database will automatically update and put the data on the Website

At that time, users can monitor the operating status and malfunction of the devices in the fire alarm system model to have a treatment method

- Admin account credentials: o Email address: admin@localhost.local o Password: admin

Figure 3 7: Log in to the BMS software Step 2: Create an interface in Building

Each building features distinct zones, with each zone connected to a monitoring screen that displays all relevant data from the devices within that area, enabling users to manage them effortlessly.

To add a regional look, select Add New (upper left corner of the screen).)

- Title*: Enter the system name

- Short description: Brief description for the system

- Thumbnail: Select an avatar for the interface in the system's photo library

- Background: Choose a wallpaper for the interface in the system's photo library

Then we click Add New as shown in Figure 3.8 below

Figure 3 8: How to add Building interface

Next, click on the newly created area interface to add the system interface to monitor, select Add New (upper left corner of the screen)

- Order description: System order in address area interface

Figure 3 9: Instructions for adding BMS fire alarm system Step 3: Set up Devices list, Point list

Devices list is a list of devices connected to the system Each device will have a

The "DEVICE KEY" feature in Control BMS Software enables remote connection and control, enhancing system security Control BMS Software supports two device types: real devices and virtual devices.

To create a new device, select Add New and enter the following data as shown in

Figure 3 10: Set up device list

- Title*: Enter a name for the device (Example: DDC-C46, ELECNOVA )

- Device Key*: Enter communication protocol information (e.g., Modbus

- Configuration: Enter the baud speed of the device (e.g., 9600, 19200,

The BCU central controller features 1000 Points, enabling users to effectively monitor and control devices within the BMS system For the BMS fire alarm system, approximately 11 Points are utilized to configure the necessary devices in the model.

To edit a point, select the created Point and choose the edit option; to delete, select the delete option To create a new point for the device, navigate to the Device tab, access the Point List, click on Add New, and input the required data as illustrated in Figure 3.11 below.

Figure 3 11: Set up a Point list

- Title*: Name the initialized device

- Configuration: Configuration for the device

 A: Device address, each device in the system will have its own device address (DDC C46 address is 10)

 C: The register address of the parameter of the device you want to display

 D: Data Type: 0 is Sint16 / 1 is Float

- Device*: Select the device group for the device (Select from the pre-installed

- Unit*: Select the unit for the device

- Access Type: Choose whether this device is Read-only or Write-down

- Value*: The current value of the device (Default is 0)

- Default Value*: The default value of the device when initializing

- Calib*: Calibration value for the device

DESIGN THE FIRE ALARM AND POWER MONITORING SYSTEM IN

Hardware design

In a Building Management System (BMS), creating a comprehensive point list is essential, encompassing both digital and analog inputs, such as reset buttons and detectors, that control digital outputs like electric sounders, beacons, fans, and pumps The system also integrates power monitoring through two Elecnova power meters, connected to the management level via Modbus RTU (RS-485), which serves as a high-level interface This point list is crucial for programming the devices within the BMS and for selecting controllers that meet the required input and output specifications.

The Elecnova power meter efficiently gathers data from various floors or buildings, transmitting this monitoring information to the BCU This allows supervisors to monitor crucial parameters, including voltage, current, effective power, and power consumption.

The BCU central controller gathers data from the DDC-C46 digital controller and power meter using the RS485 communication standard, storing this information in a database It also receives control signals from the server, which are then transmitted to the DDC for effective management.

Following the identification of the system components and the BMS model block diagram, Figure 3.3 illustrates the connection diagram for the fire alarm and electrical system monitoring model.

DDC's UI02, UI03, UI04, and UI05 inputs will interface with incremental heat detectors, optical smoke detectors, fixed heat detectors, and emergency push buttons, respectively, to effectively simulate fire alarms by address on Floor 1.

The UI06 input is linked to the EMERGENCY button, which, when pressed during an emergency, will immediately disconnect the system's main power This action activates backup power, ensuring that essential functions such as the light horn and system fan continue to operate.

After analyzing the components within the system and the BMS model block diagram, the connection diagram for the fire alarm and electrical system monitoring model is illustrated in Figure 3.4.

The BCU continuously updates data from the DDC-C46 and Elecnova energy meter, ensuring that any changes trigger automatic updates in the Control BMS Software This allows users to monitor the operational status and identify malfunctions within the fire alarm system, facilitating timely treatment methods However, it is important to note that due to certain limitations, there may be a delay in the BCU's data updates and scanning processes.

 Device monitoring algorithm flowchart on Website:

Like to the hardware algorithm flowchart of BMS, this Website is conceptualized and designed based on the requirements set out, perform the steps as shown in Figure 3.6:

Figure 3 6: Flowchart of fire alarm and power system model configuration and monitoring on the Website [2]

The Firebase Realtime Database system will update the data continuously If the data from the device changes, the database will automatically update and put the data on the Website

At that time, users can monitor the operating status and malfunction of the devices in the fire alarm system model to have a treatment method

Figure 3 7: Log in to the BMS software Step 2: Create an interface in Building

Each building consists of various zones, with each zone connected to a monitoring screen that displays comprehensive data from the devices within that area, enabling users to manage them efficiently.

To add a regional look, select Add New (upper left corner of the screen).)

Figure 3 8: How to add Building interface

- Order description: System order in address area interface

Figure 3 9: Instructions for adding BMS fire alarm system Step 3: Set up Devices list, Point list

Devices list is a list of devices connected to the system Each device will have a

The "DEVICE KEY" feature enables remote connection and control within Control BMS Software, enhancing system security Control BMS Software supports two device types: real devices and virtual devices.

To create a new device, select Add New and enter the following data as shown in

Figure 3 10: Set up device list

- Title*: Enter a name for the device (Example: DDC-C46, ELECNOVA )

- Device Key*: Enter communication protocol information (e.g., Modbus

- Configuration: Enter the baud speed of the device (e.g., 9600, 19200,

The BCU central controller features 1000 Points, allowing users to effectively monitor and control devices within the Building Management System (BMS) The fire alarm system integrated into the BMS utilizes approximately 11 Points for device configuration.

To edit a created point, select the point and choose the edit option; to delete, select the delete option To create a new point for the device, navigate to the Device tab, access the Point List, click on Add New, and input the required data as illustrated in Figure 3.11 below.

Figure 3 11: Set up a Point list

- Title*: Name the initialized device

- Configuration: Configuration for the device

 A: Device address, each device in the system will have its own device address (DDC C46 address is 10)

 C: The register address of the parameter of the device you want to display

 D: Data Type: 0 is Sint16 / 1 is Float

- Device*: Select the device group for the device (Select from the pre-installed

- Unit*: Select the unit for the device

- Access Type: Choose whether this device is Read-only or Write-down

- Default Value*: The default value of the device when initializing

- Calib*: Calibration value for the device

Monitoring and control devices like the DDC C46, which utilizes the Modbus RTU communication standard, can seamlessly transmit data to the BCU Users can easily integrate the device into the Device list and follow the guidelines in the Point list to create a point efficiently.

Devices like sensors, lights, bells, and push buttons cannot directly send data to the BCU due to the absence of a register address; instead, they must connect through the DDC-C46 After configuring all inputs and outputs in the DDC Configurator, BCU device points are created in the BMS Control Software, corresponding to the register addresses of the DDC-C46, as outlined in Table B.2 of Appendix B.

Example: Setting configuration parameters to bring data from DDC-C46 to BCU

The meaningful values are as follows:

- 10: address of the DDC-C46 device being connected to the BCU

- IR: type of Input Register on DDC-C46

- 25: the register address at the Point of DDC-C46 wants to put the data on the BCU

Some of the addresses the DDC-C46 register uses to create Points are presented in Table 3.1

- 1: the data type is FLOAT

45 Real UI11 value Input Register Float

47 Real UI12 value Input Register Float

81 Relay Output 1 Input Register INT

612 Override Value AO 01 Holding Register INT

Step 4: Set up Alarm function

The Alarm page monitors configured Points and sends alerts via interface, Email, or SMS based on user settings when it detects unusual changes in values.

To configure system alerts for Point, select on the page Alarm => Alarm Config => Add

Figure 3 12: How to Create an Alert

- Device*: Select the list of device groups that want alerts created

- Point*: Select the point list in the device group for alerts

- Title*: Set name the alert

- Description: Brief description for the warning

- Alarm Action*: Alert type setting (No Action: Only display alerts in interface -

Email: Will send alerts via Email - SMS: Will send alerts to phone number - SMS & Email: Send both SMS & Email)

- Alarm Repeater*: Is it possible to repeat the warning when the value is still within the warning range?

- Enable Source*: Warning sounds in the software

- Alarm set high*: High-level alert settings for points

- Alarm set low*: Set up low-level alerts for points

- Enable Source*: Is there a warning sound enabled in the software? [6]

To configure mail alerts for point select the page Alarm => Email Templates => Add New as Figure 3.13 below

Figure 3 13: Set up Alarm alerts via E-mail

- Email message: Phần này là lời nhắn qua Email

 [point_value]: The current value of the point is alerted and will be sent via email

 [point_title]: The name of the point is alerted and will be sent via Email

 [device_name]: The name of the device containing the point is alerted and will be sent via Email

Figure 3 14: Set up Email Alarm

To configure SMS alerts for point select the page Alarm => SMS Templates => Add New and do the same as the email settings

Figure 3 15: Set up Alarm alerts via SMS

To set the email address & phone number for the software to send the warning information select the page Alarm => System Email

- Email address: Enter your email address

- SMS number: Enter your phone number

The remaining lines stay the same and click Save Changes

Figure 3 16: Set Alarm Email Address & Phone Number

The result of the alert will be sent by Email and SMS according to the content as shown in Figure 3.17 and Figure 3.18

Figure 3 17: Alarm alert content via Email

Figure 3 18: Warning content of the BMS system to the user's SMS

The website must meet the following requirements:

- Intuitive interface: system components must be designed in a user-oriented language All pages are illustrated with words or symbols that the operator can recognize their meaning and use immediately

Hardware construction

The system hardware is constructed according to the steps as shown in Figure 4.1.

Figure 4 1: Model hardware construction process

Following the design of the model outlined in Section 3.2 of Chapter 3, the team created a statistical table listing the devices utilized in the model They then designed the layout of the electrical cabinet to effectively organize the statistical equipment Using the principal diagram as a reference, the team proceeded to develop a detailed wiring diagram The final step involved assembling the devices on the model and completing the hardware setup.

4.1.1 Unpack the volume of electrical cabinets

Based on the design requirements, and the functions that the designer expects the model to achieve, below we list the necessary equipment for the model shown Figure 4.2 below:

Draw layout of electrical cabinets and equipment layout

6 MCB-2P 16A-6kA LS BKN C16 Set 3 195,000 585,000

10 DC Voltage drop circuit LM2596 Set 3 15,000 45,000

Horing Lih AH-03127-BS Set 2 450,000 900,000

Multi purpose Heat detector HORING AH-

HORING AHR-871 Horing Lih AHR-871 Set 2 170,000 340,000

HORING AH-9920 Horing Lih AH-9920 Set 1 90,000 90,000

Original Model Unit Q'Ty Unit cost

HORING AH-9717 Horing Lih AH-9717 Set 2 320,000 640,000

20 NO Push botton CNAOM XB2-EA31 ZB2-BE101Set 1 22,000 22,000

Warning light with buzzer AD16-22SM red 24V

26 COS pin Y SV 2-4 SV 2-4 Set 3 12,000 36,000

28 Double-sided foam glue Set 1 10,000 10,000

30 Emergency Push Botton YIJIA YJ139-LAY37 Set 1 44,000 44,000

Figure 4 2: Drawing of the front, back, four sides of the model

We measured and organized the layout of equipment on the school's model board, including electrical cabinets, probes, buttons, fans, pumps for the fire extinguishing system, and components of the power monitoring system such as electricity meters, circuit breakers, sockets, and light bulbs.

Here we design the surveillance model on the two floors of the building and the roof Below is the layout of the device on the model shown by Figure 4.4:

Figure 4 3: Drawing of the layout of the equipment of the model

Figure 4 4: Power supply connection diagram for the system

Figure 4 5: BCU and DDC-C46 wiring diagrams

Figure 4 6: Motor speed control connection diagram

Figure 4 7: Water level sensor connection diagram and Reset button

Figure 4 9: Wiring diagram of Floor 2 fire alarm system (ZONE)

Figure 4 10: Wiring diagram of Floor 1 fire alarm system (ADDRESS)

Based on the electrical cabinet layout diagram, layout and wiring diagram detailed in the section above, the installation is completed as shown below:

Figure 4 11: The front of the electrical cabinet

Software construction

4.2.1 Configuring DDC-C46 on DDC Configurator Software [10]

Step 1: Power supply for DDC- C46

Upon powering on the device, it enters notification mode where LED 7 segment 1 illuminates each segment in sequence If only LED 1 lights up at a specific segment, it signifies that the device is unresponsive or hanging.

3 LEDs the remaining 7 segments indicate faulty or unconnected sensor input, in order from low to high

Step 2: Set the value for DDC- C46

Change the value with the upper push button with the "< >" icon

Switch between the values displayed by pressing the bottom button with the " " icon  Current value of DDC after it is installed:

The LED 7 segment 1 indicates the Baudrate speed value, represented as "d," measured in kbps In this model, the DDC operates at a Baudrate speed of 9600 bps, which is displayed on the screen as "09."

Figure 4 14: Current Baudrate speed of the device

The LED 7 segment display shows the device's MAC address, represented by the letter "E" and values ranging from 1 to 127 In this model, the DDC address in use is 10, which appears on the screen as "010."

Figure 4 15: The current MAC address of the device

The device operates in Modbus mode, indicated by the LED 7 segment displaying "001," while the BACnet standard is represented by "0" and the Modbus standard by "1."

Figure 4 16: Current operating mode of the device Step 3: Connect DDC-C46 to the computer

Connect DDC-C46 to computer using RS485 to USB adapter as Figure 4.18

Figure 4 17: Connect by RS485 cable

Figure 4 18: DDC Configurator software interface

Figure 4 19: DDC comport configuration, baud speed, address, and protocol standard Step 4: Configure monitoring of fire alarm model devices with DDC Configurator software

Configure cross-function device inputs at UI01, UI02, UI03, UI04, UI05, UI06, UI09, UI10, UI11 as Table 4.1

The input-shaped panel for optical smoke detectors, augmented heat detectors, and combined smoke and heat detectors, along with fire alarm sirens located on FLOOR 2 (ZONE) UI01, will be recorded on Channel 2.

Figure 4 20: Input configuration for FLOOR 2 UI01 devices

UI02 Rise heat detector input configuration (FLOOR 1-R1) UI02:

Figure 4 21: UI02 Rise heat detector input configuration

Optical smoke detector input configuration (FLOOR 1-R2) UI03:

Figure 4 22: Configure the optical smoke detector input UI 03

Floor Device UI Type Channel Min

2F (ZONE) 2ND Floor Device 1 Current 2 0 20.5 0 0 25

RF Water Level Sensor 9 Voltage 5 0 3.3 0 0 100

RF Pressure (Voltage signal) 10 Voltage 3 0 10 0 0 10

Figure 4 24: Fire alarm input configuration UI 05

Input configuration signals expression of Sounder & Pressurization Fan Floor 2 UI06:

Figure 4 25: Sounder & Pressurization Fan signal expression input configuration

Water level sensor input configuration UI09:

Figure 4 26: Water level sensor input configuration

Water pipe pressure sensor input configuration UI10:

Figure 4 27: Pipeline pressure sensor input configuration UI10

Signal Expression Input Configuration of Sounder & Pressurization Fan Floor 1UI11:

Figure 4 28: Sounder & Pressurization Fan signal expression input configuration

Configure relay outputs corresponding to fans, bells, and light horns as Table 4.2

Relay output configuration for the 1st floor Electronic Sounder and Beacon system:

Figure 4 29: Relay output configuration for the 1 st floor Electronic Sounder and Beacon system Relay output configuration for the 2 nd floor Electronic Sounder and Beacon system:

Figure 4 30: Relay output configuration to power the 2nd floor light horn system

Analog output configuration for the control pump on system:

Figure 4 31: Analog output configuration for the control pump on system

Pressurization Fan & Pump (2F) 1 2 10 0 Decrease Main Control

Pressurization Fan & Pump(1F) 2 1 10 0 Decrease Main Control

Table 4 3: Configure Relay output, Analog output of DDC used in the model

Figure 4 32: Download the program for DDC C46

Monitor the operating status of probes, push buttons, light horns, fire pumps through the Monitoring screen

The operating status of recordings from input sensors is shown in the Universal Input section, ranging from 01 to 12 The Relay Output pane indicates the status of the relay outputs, with red signifying inactive and blue indicating active.

After configuring and monitoring on DDC-C46 controller on DDC Configurator software, the next step we continue to configure and set up the monitoring interface on Control BMS

Step 1: Log in to the software

- Enter the BCU set IP address (192.168.8.8)

Figure 4 34: Login to BMS software Step 2: Create an interface in Building

Figure 4 35: Set up Building interface

In this topic, we divide into two systems in a Building: Fire Protection Monitoring and Power Monitoring

Figure 4 36: Set up Fire Protection monitoring system interface

Figure 4 37: Set up the Power monitoring system interface Step 3: Set Text format

Select the Settingssection to select Text format

Figure 4 39: Set the text of the Normal/Alarm state

Figure 4 40: Value setting showing status cases of detectors

Figure 4 41: The text used in the model Step 4: Set up Device list, Point list

In this model, we utilize devices like the DDC-C46, power meters for two floors, and virtual appliances Once these devices are identified, we move forward with the setup and creation of new devices.

Figure 4 42: Set up DDC device of fire alarm model

To effectively represent and monitor the device, it is essential to define its components and addresses, followed by the appropriate configuration as outlined below.

Similarly, in DDC Configurator software, we set up and install the same UI that we want to display on BMS software

Here's how we configured the point lists for each system address shown in Figure 4 44, Figure 4.45, Figure 4 46, Figure 4 47

Figure 4 43: Set the Point of the Fire Alarm Sensor Floor 2 (ZONE)

Figure 4 44: Set the Point of the 1st Floor Fire Alarm (ZONE)

Figure 4 45: Set the Point of the fire pump

Similarly, the remaining devices will be configured, and set as variables based on the structure and available addresses of the devices shown in the Table B.2.

The Elecnova energy meter features specific register addresses for each parameter that users can install, detailed in Table D.2 Configuration of these addresses for display in the software is illustrated in Figure 4.46.

Figure 4 46: Set the Point of the Positive Energy parameter of the Elecnova power meter

- Device*: 1 ST FLOOR POWER METER

- Value*: Current value of the device (0.52)

Figure 4 47: Point list of DDC-C46 device used in the model

Figure 4 48: Point list of 1 st Power Meter Elecnova used in the model

Figure 4 49: Point list of VIRTUAL DEVICES used in the model

(Presented in section 4.2.4Web interface design to monitor fire alarm systems and power systems in buildings)

Step 6: Layout of the monitoring interface

After completing the previous steps, the next crucial task in the BMS system is to organize the devices within the monitoring interface As previously discussed, the system is divided into two distinct monitoring systems, illustrated by Figures 4.51 and 4.52, which showcase the layouts of the monitoring interface.

Figure 4 50: Fire Protection system model monitoring interface

Figure 4 51: Power Monitoring system model monitoring interface

Figure 4 52: Set up the system's water level sensor alert

- Point*: UI10 (WATER PIPE PRESSURE SENSOR)

- Title*: WATER PIPE PRESSURE SENSOR-LEVEL LOW

- Description: Brief description for the warning

- Alarm Action*: Sms & Email & Phone

After configuring the device, the next step we will configure the Text Alarm section of that device shown by the image below:

Figure 4 53: Set up Alarm Alert via E-mail

Water level value [point_value]

Please check water in fire tank!!!

Figure 4 54: Setting up Alarm via SMS

Fire Alarm System [point_title]

Value [point_value] (24.55-Alarm/0-Wirebreak)

Please check water in fire tank!!!

In Step 7, the final action involves configuring an email address and phone number for the system's alarm alert notifications regarding the user, as illustrated in Figure 4.55 below.

Figure 4 55: Set Alarm Email Address & Phone Number

4.2.3 Configuration Elecnova Power Meter DDS1946-2P [6]

Step 1: Switch the power meter to settings

From the energy meters power parameter monitoring interface, pressing the two buttons in the image below simultaneously will switch to the setting mode for the meter

Figure 4 56: Switching mode to clock configuration

To adjust the desired digit, press the designated button, then save the newly set value by pressing the appropriate key to proceed to the next settings screen.

Step 2: Enter the power meter login code

The login code is required to enter when entering setup mode The factory default code is

0001 After entering the correct login code as shown in Figure 4.54, press to go to the first Setup screen

Figure 4 57: Entering the login code for the Elecnova energy meter

To adjust a specific digit, press the designated button to select it, then press another button to save the value and proceed to the next settings screen.

Figure 4 58: Setting the register address of the watch

To adjust a digit, simply press the designated button to select it, then press the save button to confirm the value and proceed to the next settings screen.

In this model, we monitor two floors of the building using two Energy Meters, with the first meter installed at address 8 for the 1st floor and the second meter at address 9 for the 2nd floor.

Step 4: Set the Baudrate speed for the power meter

Selectable baud rates are 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 bps To synchronize with BMS devices in the model, we choose a baud rate of 9600 as shown in Figure 4.60:

Figure 4 59: Baudrate speed setting for the power meter

OPERATING SYSTEM

Operational objectives

The objective is to efficiently and accurately monitor fire alarm devices and electricity meter parameters within an integrated Building Management System (BMS) This monitoring model for both the fire alarm and power systems in the building is illustrated in Figure 5.1.

Figure 5 1: Elecnova DD1946-2P Energy Meter Monitoring

- Monitor the operating status of devices in the Fire protection system

- Monitor the parameters and graphs of the power meter in the Power system

- Monitor the water level of the fire tank and the operating status of the fire pump.

Hardware operation

Step 1: Power supply for the system

Activate the circuit breaker to provide grid and backup battery power, ensuring that the system continues to function normally in the event of a power outage from the grid, in accordance with TCVN 5738-2021 standards.

Step 2: Observe and checktheindicator lights on the control cabinet,fire protection system indicators and power parameters of the Power Monitoring system

117 when the water drops to dangerous levels or exceeds the water specified by the system

Step 4: Simulate the operation process of the fire alarm system

The application of smoke to the AH-0311-2 smoke detector, heat to the AHR-871 and AH-9920 detectors, or activating the emergency press button AH-9717 significantly impacts the Level 1 Fire Alarm System (ADDRESS) When a fire alarm signal is triggered, the system accurately identifies the specific location of the alarm, ensuring a prompt and effective response to potential fire hazards.

When the 1st Floor light horn at the specified address activates, it will emit sound and flash, while the cabinet-installed light horn will also be triggered Subsequently, the supervisor will verify whether the alarm is a false alarm or an actual fire in the designated room.

In the event of a false fire alarm, the supervisor will press the Reset button in the cabinet, restoring the fire detectors to their normal state and silencing the light horn.

In the event of a real fire detected in a room linked to the system, the supervisor will activate the EMERGENCY button on the cabinet This action will disconnect the main power supply to prevent further fire escalation while ensuring the system continues to operate on backup power Simultaneously, the staircase pressurization fan will activate, maintaining the pressure in the emergency staircase to prevent smoke infiltration.

In the event of a real fire, we simulate the fire pipe pressure sensor signal by adjusting the knob to lower the pipe pressure below 6 kgf/cm², triggering the sprinkler system When the pressure signal returns to above 6 kgf/cm², it indicates that the system is functioning normally Subsequently, the pump activates and increases its speed until the pipe pressure is adequately restored.

 If the EMERGENCY jack system does not automatically activate, it is possible to press the EMERGENCY button on the electrical cabinet to alarm the fire of the whole building

 After solving the problem, the pressure sensor signal returns to normal (pressure level > 6 kgf/cm 2 ), then press the RESET button on the cabinet for the system to work normally

The Level 2 Fire Alarm System (ZONE) is activated by smoke detection from sensor AH-0311-2, heat detection from AHR-871, Q05-2, or by pressing the emergency button AH-0217 It's important to note that when a fire alarm signal is triggered, the system identifies the affected area but does not pinpoint the exact location of the sensor that initiated the alert.

When the fire alarm system on the 2nd Floor (ZONE) is triggered, both the alarm bell and lights will activate, alongside the light horn mounted on the cabinet Subsequently, the supervisor must verify whether the alarm is due to a false trigger or a genuine fire incident in the specified location.

In the event of a false fire alarm, the supervisor will press the Reset button located in the cabinet, which will restore the fire detectors to their normal state and silence the alarm.

In the event of a genuine fire detected in the vicinity as reported by the system, the supervisor will activate the EMERGENCY button on the cabinet This action will disconnect the mains power to mitigate the risk of fire escalation, while simultaneously providing backup power to maintain system functionality Additionally, the staircase pressurization fan will engage to ensure that smoke is prevented from entering the emergency staircase, thereby safeguarding the evacuation route.

 When a real fire occurs, we simulate the fire pipe pressure sensor signal by turning the lower pipe pressure drop knob < 6kgf/cm 2 when the sprinkler explodes (the signal returns >

6 kgf/cm 2 then the normal system) will activate the pump with increasing speed until enough pressure is compensated on the pipe

 If the EMERGENCY jack system does not automatically activate, it is possible to press the EMERGENCY button on the electrical cabinet to alarm the fire of the whole building

 After solving the problem, the pressure sensor signal returns to normal (pressure level > 6kgf/cm 2 ), then press the RESET button on the cabinet for the system to work normally

Step 5: Simulate the operation process of monitoring parameters on the Elecnova power meter

 After powering the system, the power meters on the floors will work and display the parameters on the screen of the meter.

Software operation

5.3.1 Monitor the devices in the model on BMS Control Software

The operation diagram of the Fire protection and Power monitoring system model on Control BMS Software is shown in Figure 5.2

The operation diagram of the BMS model illustrates the integration of fire protection and power monitoring systems within the Control BMS Software Users can connect to the BMS Control Software in two ways: by directly linking the BCU central controller to a computer or by connecting indirectly through local Wi-Fi provided by the BCU.

 Method 1: Connect the BCU central controller directly to the computer

Step 2: Connect the BCU central controller to the computer

Once the user has configured all devices using the DDC Configurator software, they should disconnect the cable linking the DDC to the computer and connect the RJ45 cable to the LAN port of the BCU to enable monitoring of the model with the BMS Control Software.

Step 3: Log in and open the BMS Control Software interface

- Enter the BCU set IP address (default 192.168.10.202)

Email address: admin@localhost.local

Figure 5 3: Log in to the BMS software

To access the fire alarm system monitoring interface, users should navigate to the Building section and select the FIRE PROTECTION AND POWER MONITORING SYSTEM option From there, they can choose the FIRE PROTECTION MONITORING interface or the POWER MONITORING interface to enter the respective monitoring systems.

Step 4: Monitor the parameters and status of the device on BMS Control Software

Figure 5 4: Fire alarm system monitoring interface in normal state

Figure 5 5: Interface to monitor the building's power system

In its normal state, the interface, as illustrated in Figure 5.4, shows the water level sensor's reading as a percentage of the water level This reading is visually represented by different colors, enabling operators to easily identify varying water levels.

When the Floor 2 fire alarm system interfaces will display GIFs and change text, and the computer also emits a warning sound like Figure 5.6

Figure 5 6: Fire alarm system model monitoring interface when there is a fire alarm signal

In this case, we will simulate a broken wire, the monitoring screen will display a yellow flashing GIF to show at that location the wire is broken

Figure 5 7: Fire alarm system model monitoring interface in the state of wire breakage error

Figure 5 8: The pumping system is activated when the sprinkler pressure returns less than

The power system's monitoring interface allows users to track the power meter parameters for each floor of the building, displaying real-time electricity consumption graphs It also saves maximum parameter values to help users identify potential issues, with alerts for high voltage conditions Additionally, the interface provides insights into the electricity usage of both individual apartments and entire floors, enhancing overall energy management.

Figure 5 9: Power monitoring system interface in the building

 Method 2: Indirect connection of the BCU central controller to the computer via using local wifi from the BCU

Step 1: Power supply for the BCU

Step 2: Connect the BCU central controller to the computer

Once the user has configured all devices using the DDC Configurator software, they should disconnect the DDC from the computer Next, navigate to the Network & Internet Settings and connect to the local Wi-Fi network named "Control BMS Software" for the BCU controller, using the password: 12345678.

Figure 5 10: Built-in Wi-Fi on the BCU central controller Step 3: Log in and open the BMS Control Software interface

- Enter the BCU set IP address (default 192.168.8.8)

Email address: admin@localhost.local

Step 4: Monitor the parameters and status of the device on BMS Control Software

The BMS system within the fire alarm model can be monitored through various devices, including phones, tablets, and laptops, by utilizing the built-in local Wi-Fi on the BCU central controller Users can log in to the "Control BMS Software" via the local Wi-Fi by entering the password: 12345678 To access the monitoring software, simply enter the default address of the BCU (192.168.8.8) in a web browser, allowing for seamless monitoring similar to that of a central server.

The operation diagram of the BMS model monitoring system integrates fire protection and power monitoring functionalities on a website To effectively operate this model, users should follow specific steps for fire protection and power monitoring directly through the online platform.

Step 1: Power supply for the model

Step 2: Connect BCU to wifi router

Step 3: Log in to the system phuongnambms.000webhostapp.com username: admin password: admin

Figure 5 12: System model monitoring interface on the Website when logging into the system

Users will receive credentials from the manager to create their own accounts Upon logging in, they can access information and monitor the system, as illustrated in Figure 5.13 below.

Figure 5 13: System model monitoring interface on website after login

Step 4: Monitor the operating status of devices on the Website shown in Figure

The Control BMS Software monitoring interface, as shown in Figure 5.14, visually represents the water level sensor's readings in percentage form, utilizing various colors for easy recognition by operators In the event of system issues, the interface will showcase animated GIFs and updated text, as illustrated in Figures 5.14 through 5.17.

Figure 5 14: Fire alarm system model monitoring interface on Website

Figure 5 15: Monitoring interface model of fire alarm system in the state of fire alarm and wire break

Figure 5 16: The pumping system is activated when the sprinkler signal returns less than

Figure 5 17: Interface to monitor the power system model on the Website

The power system monitoring interface allows users to track the parameters of power meters on each floor of the building, providing real-time graphs of electricity consumption It also saves maximum parameter values to help users identify potential issues and alerts them to high voltage situations Additionally, the interface displays the electricity usage for both individual apartments and entire floors, ensuring comprehensive monitoring of energy consumption.

The website offers users the ability to monitor and track access history, fire alarm history, and building power parameters Additionally, users can export reports and save them for data analysis, as illustrated in Figures 5.18 and 5.19.

Figure 5 18: Fire alarm system operation history monitoring interface

Figure 5 19: Interface to monitor power consumption parameters and calculate electricity bills for the building

CONCLUSIONS AND THESIS DEVELOPMENT

Conclusion of the topic

The integration of fire alarm and power monitoring systems in buildings highlights the critical importance of a Building Management System (BMS) This system not only meets the demands for automation but also offers user-friendly flexibility To ensure optimal operation and energy efficiency, significant investment and prioritization in the BMS are essential Additionally, it's crucial to establish contingency plans that guarantee uninterrupted monitoring during incidents.

The project has effectively addressed the identified challenges and has been completed on schedule Throughout the implementation process, the research team successfully explored and investigated several key issues.

 Building Management System (BMS) structure and use of equipment to create a BMS system that monitors fire and power alarms

 Monitor the operating parameters of the device through the configured data displayed (current, voltage, frequency, energy consumption )

 Monitor the status of smoke detectors, heat detectors, sprinklers, pumps of remote fire alarm system

 Creating a interlock function in fire protection between the fire alarm system and the electrical system

 Analyze and compare the power usage of the building through the energy graph for each building Synthesize and evaluate the power needs of each floor

 Design and program Web monitoring fire alarm systems and power systems Learn about MySQL Database Management System

 Research how servers work to create websites and store data displayed on the system and user-friendly

 Use Visual Studio Code software to create an automatic data update program to put metrics on the Website

 Use the Node red tool to connect and transfer data between the device's software and the database

For that reason, in the future, it is possible to combine many other systems to simulate a comprehensive fire extinguishing system

Figure 6 1: Integrate other systems in the building for more efficient control

The website currently allows user login and management, but these accounts lack decentralization To enhance security and prevent unauthorized access by hackers, it is essential to implement varied access rights and improve system protection for future updates.

Figure 6 2: Incorporate system security for more effective monitoring

[1] Nguyễn Xuân Ánh, Nguyễn Công Lý, Nguyễn Đào Ngọc Tiến Ứng dụng BMS quản lý tòa nhà Đồ Án Tốt Nghiệp 2021

[2] Trần Thị Quỳnh Như, Trần Kinh Tâm, Huỳnh Quốc Việt Ứng dụng Google Maps kết hợp BMS giám sát dữ liệu công tơ điện Đồ Án Tốt Nghiệp 2021

[3] Trần Quang Huy, Võ Thị Hoàng Quyên Thiết kế mô hình BMS giám sát hệ thống báo cháy Đồ Án Tốt Nghiệp 2022

Tháng 9/2022, cả nước ghi nhận 138 vụ cháy, dẫn đến 39 người tử vong Sự gia tăng này đặt ra những thách thức nghiêm trọng về an toàn phòng cháy chữa cháy Các cơ quan chức năng cần tăng cường biện pháp phòng ngừa và nâng cao ý thức của cộng đồng để giảm thiểu rủi ro cháy nổ Thông tin chi tiết có thể tham khảo tại Báo Lao Động & Pháp Luật.

[5] TCVN 5738:2021, Phòng cháy chữa cháy – Hệ thống báo cháy – Yêu cầu kỹ thuật

[6] Elecnova Catalogue Elecnova energy meter DDS 1946 -2P

[7] PNTech Controls Control BMS Software Instruction

[8] PNTech Controls Internet: http://www.pntechcontrols.com 30/10/2022

[12] Icon for website Internet: https://fontawesome.com/icons 30/9/2022

[13] Dynamic chart for website Internet: https://canvasjs.com/php-charts/ 15/12/2022

[14] Bacnet protocol Internet: https://mesidas.com/bacnet/ 25/12/2022

133 system today, including HVAC, lighting, life safety, access control, transportation and maintenance By design, this standard is applicable to a wide range of networking and communication technologies

The BACnet protocol encompasses various data link and physical layer options, such as ARCNET, Ethernet, BACnet/IP, BACnet/IPv6, BACnet/MSTP, Point-To-Point over RS-232, Master-Slave/Token-Passing via RS-485, as well as ZigBee and LonTalk.

Figure A.1: Network of BACnet Protocol Communication [14]

The Lonworks protocol is a peer-to-peer distributed control system that enables seamless communication between devices on the network, either directly or through a Master-Slave configuration This versatile platform supports various communication mediums, allowing Lonworks-compatible devices to effectively exchange information.

The Standard Network Variable Type (SNVT) serves a similar purpose to a BACnet Object, but its implementation requires specific considerations For an SNVT to operate effectively, both the sending and receiving devices must be aware of the distinct structural differences of the SNVT Each SNVT is assigned a unique code, enabling the receiving device to accurately interpret the transmitted data.

Modbus is a communication protocol that enables multiple devices to communicate over a single twisted pair, facilitating seamless interaction between them Developed in 1979 by Modicon, now part of Schneider Electric, Modbus continues to be maintained by Modbus.org, ensuring its relevance and reliability in industrial applications.

Simplicity is a key advantage of Modbus, making it an effective tool for driving transformation in building automation applications This protocol features a message structure that facilitates master-slave and client-master communication across a diverse array of devices compatible with serial protocols and Ethernet networks.

It should be noted that, there can be 1 Master per Modbus network, but there are 247 Slaves Each Slave has its own unique address

Modbus originally featured two communication modes: ASCII and RTU Recently, the introduction of Modbus/TCP has enabled the protocol to operate over TCP/IP networks Its key advantages include openness, simplicity, and low hardware requirements Additionally, Modbus leverages the TCP/IP communication protocol, which is the same foundation used by the Internet.

Figure A.2: Typical Modbus protocol communication Building Management System Communication

Serial communication standards define the physical parameters necessary for device communication, including voltage, transmission speed, connector interfaces, and communication pin functions.

Maximum data rate 20kbits/s 10Mbits/s

Typical logic levels ± 5V to ± 15V ± 1.5V to ± 6V

An Ethernet network is a type of LAN where all connected devices share the network's bandwidth, which can range from 10 Mbps to 1000 Mbps Devices access the network using the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) protocol, allowing random access to a common bus, which can lead to packet collisions When collisions occur, affected packets are dropped and require retransmission, thereby reducing the likelihood of subsequent collisions This contrasts with the Token Ring LAN network, where a station with a "priority token" has the exclusive right to transmit data, releasing the token after transmission for the next station to use.

APPENDIX B: BUILDING CONTROL UNIT (BCU)

Figure B.1: Building Control Unit (BCU) [8]

The Building Control Unit (BCU) is a specialized central control unit within the Building Management System (BMS) that comes pre-installed with Control BMS Software This enables users to manage their BMS from any web-enabled device, including computers, smartphones, and tablets The BCU supports communication through TCP/IP and RS485 networks, facilitating connections to various devices for signal reception, control, data logging, and exporting to Excel files, as well as graphing capabilities.

The control and monitoring system utilizes the BCU from PNTech, which features a compact design that ensures easy installation and operation This device effectively meets the specified requirements for monitoring and controlling the model, as illustrated in Figure B.1.

 Support 1 communication port 485 to read and write data from other devices

 Supports 1 Ethernet port to connect to Wi-fi router

Environment Operate in a cool, dry place with no corrosive or explosive agents Transport and storage

Store in a dry place, avoid moisture, storage temperature from 25ºC to 70ºC, humidity 5% to 95% and no dew

Figure B.2: Pins diagram of BCU

 24V IN và 0V IN: Supply power 24V AC/DC

Table B 2: Table of BCU address register

Address Name Type Data type

25 Real UI Value 01 Input Register Float

61 Calculate value 01 Input Register Float

81 Relay Output 1 Input Register Int

87 Analog Output 01 Input Register Int

107 Modbus DO 01 Input Register Int

108 Modbus DO 02 Input Register Int

351 Set point DO 01 Holding Register Float

361 Override Enable DO 02 Holding Register Int

362 Override Value DO 02 Holding Register Int

421 Override Enable MB DO 01 Holding Register Int

APPENDIX C: DDC-C46 DIRECT DIGITAL CONTROLLER [9]

Figure C.1: Direct Digital Controller DDC-C46 Introduction

Direct Digital Control (DDC) refers to a specialized controller utilized in building systems like BMS, HVAC, AHU, and Chillers, enabling the management of independent operating systems in buildings and factories The DDC–C46 simplifies the monitoring, configuration, and parameter setting for operators, enhancing system stability, achieving cost savings, and optimizing control processes.

The DDC-C46 has a multi-function input for easy selection of input sensors The device fully supports analog and relay outputs for easy control of other devices

 Analog output support allows control configuration in the form of PID

 Allows communication via BACnet MSTP or Modbus RTU 485 communication standard from BMS system

 LED 7-segment display and simple parameter setting

 The controller has a built-in real-time clock that allows the control to run/stop the system according to a predefined schedule

Protocol BACnet MSTP or Modbus RTU 485

Interface 4 7-segment led display data

Realtime clock Real-time integration runs on a predefined schedule

+ 1 move/toggle button + 1 confirm/select button Ambient temperature From 0ºC to 50ºC

Ambient humidity < 90% and non condensing

Environment Operate in a cool, dry place with no corrosive or explosive agents

Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture, storage temperature from 25ºC to 70ºC, humidity 5% to 95% and no dew Dimension (L x W x H) 119 x 100 x 56 (mm)

 24V IN and 0V IN: Supply power of 24VAC/DC

 NOn_1 + NOn_2: Relay ouput (ON/OFF)

 AOn + GND: n th analog output

 A1+ và B1- : RS485 signal supports BACnet MSTP or modbus RTU allowing connection to BMS

 A2+ và B2- : RS485 signal for Modbus RTU master allows connection to read other Modbus devices

ID POINTS IN POWER SYSTEM MONITORING BMS MODEL

Table I 1: 1st Floor Elecnova raw data point list

ID Title Configuration Access type

634d20fc9eee2907188cb46a Voltage 9|HR|513|0|R Read

634d210e9eee2907188cb46c Current 9|HR|514|0|R Read

634d21669eee2907188cb474 Active Power 9|HR|515|0|R Read

634d21819eee2907188cb476 Reactive Power 9|HR|516|0|R Read

634d21519eee2907188cb472 Apparent Power 9|HR|517|0|R Read

634d21299eee2907188cb46e Power Factor 9|HR|518|0|R Read

634d21379eee2907188cb470 Frequency 9|HR|519|0|R Read

63886a2e903dd806ec1b06b9 Maximum Current 9|HR|1539|0|R Read

6392b2ad6680bf06ec8b0de7 Maximum Voltage 9|HR|1537|0|R Read

6392b2e56680bf06ec8b0de9 Maximum Active Power 9|HR|1540|0|R Read 6392b3246680bf06ec8b0deb Maximum Reactive Power 9|HR|1541|0|R Read

639434b2153ed706fb723df8 Positive Energy 9|HR|14|1|R Read

Table I 2:1st Floor virtual data point list in DDC_AO

636f24deb9a00b06ec8decde ELECNOVA_VOLTAGE 1 Read

63788a4fc2505306ed1a0c3a ELECNOVA_CURRENT 1 Read

63788a80c2505306ed1a0c3d ELECNOVA_ACTIVE POWER 1 Read

63788a91c2505306ed1a0c3f ELECNOVA_REACTIVE POWER 1 Read

63788aa4c2505306ed1a0c41 ELECNOVA_APPARENT POWER 1 Read

63788ab2c2505306ed1a0c43 ELECNOVA_POWER FACTOR 1 Read

636f2a10b9a00b06ec8dece2 ELECNOVA_FREQUENCY 1 Read

6392b88e6680bf06ec8b0e07 ELECNOVA_MAXIMUM VOLTAGE 1 Read

6392b8986680bf06ec8b0e09 ELECNOVA_MAXIMUM CURRENT 1 Read

6392b8ac6680bf06ec8b0e0b ELECNOVA_MAXIMUM ACTIVE

6392b8b76680bf06ec8b0e0d ELECNOVA_MAXIMUM REACTIVE

6392bf0b6680bf06ec8b0e23 Maximum Current 8|HR|1539|0|R Read

6392be996680bf06ec8b0e21 Maximum Voltage 8|HR|1537|0|R Read

6392bf306680bf06ec8b0e25 Maximum Active Power 8|HR|1540|0|R Read 6392bf496680bf06ec8b0e27 Maximum Reactive Power 8|HR|1541|0|R Read

Table I 4: 2nd Floor virtual data point list in DDC_AO

637893984a937406eb80b0ce ELECNOVA_VOLTAGE 2 Read

637893cb4a937406eb80b0d2 ELECNOVA_ACTIVE POWER 2 Read

637893e04a937406eb80b0d4 ELECNOVA_REACTIVE POWER 2 Read

637893f34a937406eb80b0d6 ELECNOVA_APPARENT POWER 2 Read

637894064a937406eb80b0d8 ELECNOVA_POWER FACTOR 2 Read

6378941d4a937406eb80b0da ELECNOVA_FREQUENCY 2 Read

6392c03e6680bf06ec8b0e33 ELECNOVA_MAXIMUM VOLTAGE 2 Read

6392c0646680bf06ec8b0e35 ELECNOVA_MAXIMUM CURRENT 2 Read

6392c0706680bf06ec8b0e37 ELECNOVA_MAXIMUM ACTIVE

6392c07e6680bf06ec8b0e39 ELECNOVA_MAXIMUM REACTIVE

APPENDIX J: MAIN CODE CONTENT UPDATE REAL-TIME DATA

To retrieve data from the Firebase database, use the reference path "/data/FLOOR_1_ROOM_1/" and listen for changes with the "on" method When the data is received, parse the value to a float If the parsed value equals zero, update the image source of the element with ID 'AHR_871' to display a specific GIF, and change the inner HTML of 'text_AHR_871' to "Wire break." Additionally, modify the text color to orange (#ffa800) and set the font weight to bold for emphasis.

If the value is between 2.5 and 24.55, the image for AHR_871 will be displayed, and the corresponding text will indicate "Normal" in bold green font.

If the value exceeds 0.55, the image source for 'AHR_871' will be set to "assets/images/Pictures/PNG/AHR_871_R.gif," and the text will display "ALARM" in bold red font.

The code snippet monitors the database reference at "/data/FLOOR_1_ROOM_2/" for changes When the data is retrieved, it checks if the value is zero If so, it updates the image source for 'AH_0311_2' to a specific GIF, changes the inner HTML of 'text_AH_0311_2' to display "Wire break," and styles the text with a bold font and a color of #ffa800.

If the value falls between 2.5 and 24.55, the image source for 'AH_0311_2' will be set to "assets/images/Pictures/PNG/AH_0311_2.png" Additionally, the text for 'text_AH_0311_2' will display "Normal" in green color with bold font weight.

If the value exceeds 0.55, the image source for 'AH_0311_2' is set to "assets/images/Pictures/PNG/AH_0311_2_R.gif," indicating an alarm Additionally, the text associated with 'AH_0311_2' is updated to display "ALARM" in red, bold font to emphasize the alert.

}) database.ref("/data/FLOOR_2_ZONE/").on("value",function(snapshot){ let giatri = parseFloat(snapshot.val().data);

163 document.getElementById('text_Q05_2').style.fontWeight = "bold"

} else if(giatri>$.55) { document.getElementById('Q05_2').src = "assets/images/Pictures/PNG/Q05_2.gif"; document.getElementById('text_Q05_2').innerHTML = "ALARM"; document.getElementById('text_Q05_2').style.color = "red" document.getElementById('text_Q05_2').style.fontWeight = "bold"

The code snippet listens for changes in the database reference at "/data/FLOOR_1_STAIRCASE/" and retrieves a value from the snapshot If the retrieved value is zero, it updates the image source of the element with the ID 'AH_9717' to display a specific GIF, changes the inner HTML of the same element to "Wire break," and modifies the text color to a bright orange (#ffa800) while setting the font weight to bold.

If the value is between 2.5 and 24.55, the image source for 'AH_9717' is set to "assets/images/Pictures/PNG/AH_9717.png," and the text for 'text_AH_9717' is updated to "Normal" with green color and bold font weight.

If the value exceeds 0.55, the image source for 'AH_9717' is set to a specific GIF, while the text associated with 'AH_9717' is updated to display "ALARM" in bold red font.

The code snippet monitors data from the "FLOOR_2_ZONE" in a database, retrieving a value that is parsed as a float If this value falls below 0.3, it updates the image source for 'AHR_871_ZONE' to indicate a wire break, while also changing the accompanying text to "Wire break," setting the text color to orange (#ffa800) and making it bold for emphasis.

If the value is between 2.5 and 24.55, the image source for AHR_871 will be set to "assets/images/Pictures/PNG/AHR_871.png", and the status text will display "Normal" in green, bold font.

If the value exceeds 0.55, the image source for the element with ID 'AHR_871_ZONE' is set to "assets/images/Pictures/PNG/AHR_871_R.gif" Additionally, the inner HTML of the same element is updated to display the word "ALARM" in red, bold text.

The code snippet monitors a specific database reference for changes in value When the value drops below 0.3, it updates the image source for 'AH_0311_2_ZONE' to indicate a wire break, while also modifying the accompanying text to display "Wire break" in bold and orange color.

If the value is between 2.5 and 24.55, the image source is set to "assets/images/Pictures/PNG/AH_0311_2.png," and the status text is updated to "Normal," displayed in green and bold font for emphasis.

If the value exceeds 0.55, the image source for the element with the ID 'AH_0311_2_ZONE' will be set to "assets/images/Pictures/PNG/AH_0311_2_R.gif" Additionally, the inner HTML of the same element will display the text "ALARM", which will be styled in red color and bold font weight to emphasize the alert.

Tiêu đề	The Integration Of Fire Alarm And Power Monitoring System In Buildings
Tác giả	Nguyen Phuong Nam, Nguyen Huu Nguyen
Người hướng dẫn	Ph.D Le Trong Nghia
Trường học	Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
Chuyên ngành	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology
Thể loại	Graduation Project
Năm xuất bản	2022
Thành phố	Ho Chi Minh City

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