Trang 1 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING CAPSTONE PROJECT ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING CAPSTONE PROJECT ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF INJECTION MOLDING PARAMETERS ON THE WELD LINE STRENGTH FOR THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS LECTURER: ASSOC PROF DO THANH TRUNG STUDENT : NGUYEN TAN LOI NGUYEN THAI BINH SKL011151 Ho Chi Minh City, July 2023 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING GRADUATION PROJECT STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF INJECTION MOLDING PARAMETERS ON THE WELD LINE STRENGTH FOR THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS ADVISOR: Assoc Prof DO THANH TRUNG STUDENT:NGUYEN TAN LOI ID STUDENT:18143024 NGUYEN THAI BINH ID STUDENT:18143002 School year: 2018-2022 Major: Machine Manufacturing Technology Ho Chi Minh City, July 2023 Graduation Project Project HCMC UNIVERSITY OF SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING Independence – Liberty – Happiness GRADUATION PROJECT TASKS Advisor: Assoc Prof Do Thanh Trung Students perform: Nguyen Thai Binh Nguyen Tan Loi ID: 18143002 Phone: 0983719600 ID: 18143024 Phone: 0377611637 Topic name: STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF INJECTION MOLDING PARAMETERS ON THE WELD LINE STRENGTH FOR THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS Initial figures and documents: - Injection molding process parameters - Injection mold Main contents of the project: - Overview of plastic injection molding technology and its injection parameters - Conducting the tensile tests and hardness on various injection molding specimens with different parameters - Analyzing the SEM images - Discussing the results Expected products - Creating plastic injection molding samples using ABS and TPU materials - Analyzing the effects of mold temperature, plastic temperature, and injection pressure on the tensile strength FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING i Graduation Project Project Project delivery date: Date of submission of the project: Presentation language: The report: English Vietnamese Protection English Vietnamese presentation: FACULTY (Sign, specify fullname) DEPARTMENT HEADS (Sign, specify full name) FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING ADVISOR (Sign, specify full name) ii Graduation Project Project HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Liberty – Happiness GRADUATION PROJECT COMMENT SHEET (For Advisor) Full name of students Nguyen Thai Binh Student ID 18143002 Council: 12 Nguyen Tan Loi Student ID 18143024 Council: 12 Topic name: STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF INJECTION MOLDING PARAMETERS ON THE WELD LINE STRENGTH FOR THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS Major: Machine Manufacturing Technology Full name of instructor: Assoc Prof Do Thanh Trung COMMENTS Comment on the spirit and working attitude of students (do not type) Comment on the results of the implementation of the SEA (no typing) 2.1 Structure and presentation of lines: 2.2 Project content: (The rationale, practicality, and applicability of the project, and research directions may continue to develop) 2.3 Results achieved: FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING iii Graduation Project Project 2.4 Limitations of the study: Assessment: No 2 Maximal Point Assessment Form and structure 30 Correct format with both the form and content of the items Objectives, tasks, overview of the topic The urgency of the topic Contents Ability to apply mathematical, scientific, and technical knowledge art, social sciences Ability to implement/analyze/synthesize/evaluate The ability to design and manufacture a system, component, or process that meets requirements with practical constraints 10 Ability to improve and grow 15 Ability to use technical tools, specialized software Assessment of the applicability of the topic Specific products of graduation project Total score Conclude: Protection allowed No protection allowed Passing score get 10 10 50 10 15 10 10 100 HCMC, July 2023 Advisor FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING iv Graduation Project Project HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRANING SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Liberty – Happiness GRADUATION PROJECT COMMENT SHEET (For critical lecturers) Full name of student Nguyen Thai Binh ID STUDENT 18143002 Council 12 Nguyen Tan Loi ID STUDENT 18143024 Council 12 Topic name: STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF INJECTION MOLDING PARAMETERS ON THE WELD LINE STRENGTH FOR THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS Major: Machine Manufacturing Technology Full name of instructor: Assoc Prof Do Thanh Trung COMMENTS Comment on the spirit, working attitude of students (do not type) Comment on the results of the implementation of the SEA (no typing) 2.1 Structure and presentation of lines: 2.2 Project content: (The rationale, practicality and applicability of the project, research directions may continue to develop) 2.3 Results achieved: FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING v Graduation Project Project 2.4 Limitations of the study: Assessment: No 2 Assessment Point Form and structure of lines 30 Correct format with both the form and content of the items Objectives, tasks, overview of the topic The urgency of the topic Contents Ability to apply mathematical, scientific, and technical knowledge art, social sciences Ability to implement/analyze/synthesize/evaluate The ability to design and manufacture a system, component, or process that meets requirements with practical constraints 10 Ability to improve and grow 15 Ability to use technical tools, specialized software Assessment of the applicability of the topic Specific products of graduation project Total score Passing score get 10 10 50 10 15 10 10 100 Conclude: Protection allowed No protection allowed HCM City, 26 July 2023 FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING vi Graduation Project Project COMMITMENT Topic name: Study on the effect of injection molding parameters on the weld line strength for thermoplastic composite materials Full name of advisor: Assoc Prof Do Thanh Trung Full name of the student: Nguyen Tan Loi ID: 18143024 Class: 18143CLA2 Student address: C9A/16/1, Group 10, Hamlet 3, Vinh Loc B Ward, Binh Chanh District, Ho Chi Minh City Contact phone number: 0377611637 Full name of the student: Nguyen Thai Binh ID: 18143002 Class: 18143CLA2 Student address: 12/2, Street 5, Linh Chieu Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City Contact phone number: 0983719600 Graduation project submission date: 26/07/2023 Disclaimer: “I hereby declare that this graduation project is the work of my own research and implementation I not copy from any published article without citing the source If there is any violation, I take full responsibility." HCM City, 26 July 2023 Nguyen Tan Loi FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING vii Graduation Project Project ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Thank you, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education! Five years, perhaps insignificant compared to a lifetime, but these years represent our youth, during which we studied here, and these memories will forever remain unforgettable for each of us Being a member of the Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education is both an honor and a source of pride Today, we carry with us the enthusiasm to teach and pass on the professional knowledge and valuable life experiences imparted by our teachers over the past five years We are truly grateful and appreciative of their guidance Therefore, first and foremost, we would like to extend our heartfelt thanks to all those who work in the university, especially the lectures in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering We sincerely express our gratitude to Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, and particularly the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Faculty for High Quality Training, for providing us with the most favorable conditions to study and pursue our graduation topic In particular, our group would like to express deep gratitude and respect to Assoc Prof Do Thanh Trung, Assoc Prof Pham Son Minh, Dr Tran Minh The Uyen, and Dr Nguyen Van Thuc for their invaluable guidance and assistance throughout our research and implementation period, enabling us to complete our topic to the best of our abilities Finally, we would like to wish you all good health, happiness, and continued success in your teaching endeavors Thank you! HCMC, July 2023 Students implement: FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING viii Graduation Project Project From the graph showing the tensile strength of cases as a percentage of TPU figure 4.17, when increasing the percentage of TPU from 10% to 15%, the tensile strength of the product increased from 32.34 to 36.12 MPa and also at the position where 15% of TPU reached the highest tensile strength When increasing the percentage of TPU from 15% to 30%, the tensile strength decreased sharply from 36.12 to 27.62 MPa (15%TPU to 20%) and there was a slight increase from 27.62 to 29.31 and further decreased to 25.22 (20%tpu to 25% TPU and 30% TPU) This phenomenon could be explained based on the excellent mixture between the ABS and the TPU molecule when the TPU percentage is high enough Due to their poor compatibility, the mixture becomes unstable when the TPU percentage is higher than 30 wt.% Moreover, the average value increases when the heating time rises to the better bonding formation in the line area FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 65 Graduation Project Project Figure 4.17: Average tensile strength as a function of TPU percentages FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 66 Graduation Project Project Figure 4.18: The main effects plot for means From Figure 4.18, it is evident that when comparing the tensile strength concerning temperature time and percentage of TPU, the percentage of TPU has a more significant influence on the mechanical properties of the ABS/TPU composite compared to heating time The percentage of TPU plays a more dominant role in determining the mechanical properties, whereas the effect of heating time is relatively less significant in comparison to the percentage of TPU FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 67 Graduation Project Project 4.5 Results of SEM Case 1: ABS 90%, TPU 10%, heating 0s Case 2: ABS 90%, TPU 10%, heating 5s Case 3: ABS 90%, TPU 10%, heating 10s FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 68 Graduation Project Project Case 4: ABS 90%, TPU 10%, heating 15s Case 5: ABS 90%, TPU 10%, heating 20s Case 6: ABS 70%, TPU 30%, heating 0s FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 69 Graduation Project Project Case 7: ABS 70%, TPU 30%, heating 5s Case 8: ABS 70%, TPU 30%, heating 10s Case 9: ABS 70%, TPU 30%, heating 15s FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 70 Graduation Project Project Case 10: ABS 70%, TPU 30%, heating 20s The molecular structure of ABS:TPU composite, containing 10%, 20%, and 30% TPU by weight, will depend on the mixing ratio of these two resins Although specific details may vary based on the mixing ratio, some general information can be provided about the molecular structures of these mixtures ABS is a three-component polymer composed of Acrylonitrile, Butadiene, and Styrene, while TPU is a two-component polymer composed of polyols and isocyanates When ABS and TPU are mixed, TPU molecules will disperse within the ABS matrix At a ratio of 10% TPU, the molecular structure of ABS:TPU will be similar to ABS because the amount of TPU in the mixture is not sufficient to significantly affect the structure of ABS At a ratio of 20% TPU, ABS:TPU will have a molecular structure containing a substantial amount of TPU, enough to impact the properties of the mixture The TPU molecules will disperse within the ABS matrix, creating attractive interactions between the molecules of both types This interaction can increase the ductility and impact resistance of the mixture At a ratio of 30% TPU, ABS:TPU will have a molecular structure containing a higher amount of TPU, leading to reduced stiffness and strength of the mixture As the proportion of TPU increases, the intermolecular interactions will change With a higher FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 71 Graduation Project Project TPU ratio, TPU molecules may create repulsive interactions with each other, forming areas with a higher concentration of TPU molecules This mixture will exhibit properties more akin to TPU rather than ABS Throughout various specification tables and comparative graphs, it can be observed that mold temperature significantly impacts the tensile strength and tensile load-bearing capacity of plastic products Increasing the temperature in the area where the weld line appears can enhance the tensile strength of the product FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 72 Graduation Project Project CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS 5.1 Conclusions: - The results of the heating process for the insert plate allow for evaluating the heat transfer process through analysis results from infrared camera images These results show that the high temperature is concentrated at the surface of the insert With this temperature distribution, the temperature can be easily controlled Therefore, this is also one of the outstanding advantages of the hot air heating method - The results of the temperature change at the insert plate surface show that corresponding to the temperature values of the hot air stream, the temperature of the mold cavity surface will increase very quickly in the first s of the heating process Then, for the next 10 s, the temperature at the die surface will increase slowly After 20 s, the temperature of the mold surface will remain stable The difference compared to other heating methods for molds is that in this hot gas heating method, after the temperature rise time, the mold surface temperature will reach the limit - The results of capturing the temperature distribution of the mold surface show that the local heating ability of the local heating with hot air at the place where the weld appears method is quite good Specifically, the temperature is concentrated only at the location where the weld occurs, in addition, the temperature is kept low at other locations This is one of the advantages of hot air heating in particular and surface heating in general In addition, in terms of energy saving, the temperature distribution at the surface of the mold plate also shows close As all the heat of the heating process is concentrated in the area to be heated, this shows that the efficiency of the heating method is very good - The results demonstrate a clear correlation between the mold temperature and the tensile strength of the products There is a positive relationship between mold temperature and product tensile strength The experimental findings also indicate that employing a heating method for the mold is an effective solution to enhance product durability, both for conventional plastic materials and thermoplastic composite materials FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 73 Graduation Project Project - Analyze the impact of three factors: mold temperature, plastic temperature, and pressure during the spray process on the tensile strength of the weld line in the test specimens + Mold temperature: The mold temperature increases from 300C to 1800C, the tensile strength of the weld is significantly improved However, when continuing to increase the temperature to 2000C, the tensile strength of the weld line hardly changed much + Plastic temperature: The higher the plastic temperature, the higher the tensile strength + Injection pressure: the higher the injection pressure, the higher the tensile strength 5.2 Limitations of the study: - The optimization of technological factors that impact the quality of composite products has not been tested, such as the temperature and duration of composite drying before pressing, pressing parameters, etc - The effects of weather and environmental factors, including light, temperature, impurities, etc., on the mechanical properties of composite materials has not been thoroughly investigated 5.3 Future dissertation development: Due to the lack of time and facilities, machinery and equipment, and other external factors, there are still some limitations that cannot be met in the subject's content Therefore, here are some suggestions to overcome existing limitations, develop further and put research results into the practical application: - It is necessary to further study the influence of technological factors: temperature and drying time, injection molding parameters in the composite production process on the quality of the product - Products made of composite materials when working in reality, in addition to ensuring durability, must also ensure the effects of weather and environmental factors such as light, FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 74 Graduation Project Project temperature, impurities, Therefore, it is necessary to have a topic to study the influence of weather and environmental factors on the working ability of the composite, in order to increase the life of the product, contributing to bringing this material to be widely applied in products production and life, improving the practicality of the subject FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 75 Graduation Project Project REFERENCES Osswald, Lih-Sheng Turng and Paul Gramann, Injection molding handbook, Jun 1, 2008 Maw-Ling Wang, Rong-Yeu Chang and Chia-Hsiang Hsu, Molding Simulation: Theory and Practice, Hnser Publisher, Munich, 2018 Phạm Sơn Minh, Trần Minh Thế Uyên – Thiết kế chế tạo khuôn ép nhựa, NXB Đại học Quốc gia Tp.HCM, 2015 Vũ Hồi Ân, Thiết kế khn cho sản phẩm nhựa, Viện máy dụng cụ công nghiệp, 1994 Phan Thế Nhân, Luận án Tiến sĩ “Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng nhiệt độ khuôn đến độ điền đầy vật liệu composite quy trình phun ép, Trường Đại học Sư phạm Kỹ thuật Tp.HCM, năm 2022 ASTM International, The World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee, Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics, 2015, pp 1-17 https://www.injectionmould.org/2019/06/01/weld-lines/ Ming-Chang Jeng, Shia-Chung Chen, Pham Son Minh, Jen-An Chang, Chia-shen Chung, Rapid mold temperature control in injection molding by using steam heating, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Volume 37, Issue 9, November 2010, Pages 1295-1304 Ming-Ching Yu, Wen-Bin Young, Pe-Ming Hsu, Micro-injection molding with the infrared assisted mold heating system, Materials Science and Engineering: A, Volumes 460–461, 15 July 2007, Pages 288-295 10 Phạm Sơn Minh, Đỗ Thành Trung, Nguyễn Hộ Phan Thế Nhân, Đánh giá trình gia nhiệt cho lịng khn hình chữ nhật phương pháp phun khí nóng từ bên ngồi, Tạp chí Khoa học Giáo dục Kỹ thuật, Số 33, 2015, trang 9- 15 FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 76 Graduation Project Project 11 Đỗ Thành Trung, Phạm Sơn Minh, Phan Thế Nhân Phùng Huy Dũng, Gia nhiệt cục cho lòng khn phun ép nhựa khí nóng, Tạp chí Cơ khí Việt Nam, Số 4, 2015, trang 15-20 12 Pham Son Minh, Tran Minh The Uyen, Thanh Trung Do, Van Thuc Nguyen, Van Thanh Tien Nguyen, Enhancing the Fatigue Strength of the Weld Line in Advanced Polymer Injection Molding: Gas-Assisted Mold Temperature Control for Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) Composites, Polymers 2023, 15(11), 2440; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15112440 13 Trần Minh Thế Uyên, Luận án Tiến sĩ “Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng gia nhiệt khuôn phun ép khí nóng đến độ bền sản phẩm nhựa dạng thành mỏng, Trường Đại học Sư phạm Kỹ thuật Tp.HCM, năm 2020 14 https://omnexus.specialchem.com/polymer-properties/properties/hardness-shored#Definition 15 https://omnexus.specialchem.com/selection-guide/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styreneabs-plastic FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 77 Graduation Project Project APPENDIX FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING 78 S K L 0