Research on the impact of TPP on vietnams aquaculture export industry and some solutions to promote seafood exports to TPP member countries by 2025

NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED TRAINING, HIGH QUALITY, AND POHE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC COURSE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC PROJECT Topic: Research on the impact of TPP on Vietnam's aquaculture export industry and some solutions to promote seafood exports to TPP member countries by 2025 Student name : Lê Quang Huy Student code : 11192375 Specialized : International Economic Class : High Quality International Economic 61A Teacher : Mr Nguyen Xuan Hung Phone number : 0903201642 Email : hungnx@neu.edu.vn Student phone number : 0914996686 Student email : huymap6501@gmail.com Hanoi, 06/2022 Huy STATUTORY DECLARATION I hereby declare that this assignment is entirely my own work The quotations and materials used in the exercise are completely honest, are cited and guaranteed to the highest degree of accuracy to the best of my knowledge If it is not as stated above, I take responsibility for my assignment Student Le Quang Huy ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To carry out and complete this project, data sources from reputable agencies as well as magazines and newspapers have supported the group a lot The research has been completed based on references, learning experiences and inheriting from related research results, books and specialized journals of many authors at universities, research organizations, political organizations First of all, I would like to thank the National Economics University in general and the leadership of the Institute of Advanced and High Quality and POHE in particular for creating favorable conditions for us to have a favorable environment learn, gain experience and capture useful information based on providing lectures of subjects related to the research topic In particular, I would like to thank Mr.Nguyen Xuan Hung, who directly guided me throughout the course of the exercise During the time working with you, I have not stopped learning to accumulate a lot of useful knowledge for myself, but also have learned a serious and effective working spirit, these are very necessary things for me in my career future study and work I have tried a lot to complete this research topic, but shortcomings cannot be avoided Therefore, I hope that you and others who are interested in the topic can continue to give suggestions and help to improve the topic Wishing everyone good health, happiness and success in life! Hanoi, April 15th 2022 Student Le Quang Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Abstract The TPP is expected by the world to become a comprehensive, high-quality trade framework that is a template for 21st century Agreements This Agreement will have a certain effect on the import and export of agricultural products in general and seafood in particular of Vietnam This article focuses on giving an overview of the TPP, analyzing the current situation of Vietnam's seafood import and export into TPP member countries in the past time, clarifying the opportunities and challenges for the seafood industry when Vietnam Nam joined the TPP, and at the same time made a number of proposals and recommendations to take advantage of opportunities, overcome challenges, and contribute to promoting Vietnam's seafood exports to the markets of TPP member countries in the near future Keywords: TPP, aquaculture, export, tariffs, technical barriers Content Introduction The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a new-generation free trade agreement that is expected to have huge impacts on member economies This article analyzes the impacts of TPP on Vietnam's export aquaculture (Aquaculture) industry The TPP will have positive effects on Vietnam's export industry through opportunities in market access, foreign investment, advanced science and technology, and access to international arbitration institutions neutral economy Besides, TPP will also be able to create challenges due to stronger competition in the domestic market, higher requirements for meeting technical standards,for export aquatic products and labor and environmental standards in aquaculture Research overview, theoretical basis and research methods assist: 2.1 Research overview and related theoretical basis Relating to the theoretical and practical basis on the topic of competitiveness of exported seafood has been studied at home and abroad with different approaches and levels, through research works , publications are published The content of some major research works of domestic and foreign authors in recent years can be mentioned as follows: The study "Improving the competitiveness of Vietnamese seafood exporters to 2030" This is a doctoral thesis by Tran The Hoang and will be completed in 2021 The thesis has systematized the development of seafood export enterprises To develop competitive theory of enterprises, measure the components of competitiveness, analyze the current situation of strengths and Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 weaknesses, thereby proposing groups of basic solutions to improve the competitiveness of enterprises competitiveness of Vietnamese seafood exporters by 2030 The study "Improving the competitiveness of Vietnam's seafood processing industry", This is the doctoral thesis in economics conducted by Bui Duc Tuan, completed in 2019 The thesis analyzes and evaluates the current state of energy competitiveness of the seafood processing industry in Vietnam, analyzing potential factors and advantages of Vietnam in the process of developing the seafood processing industry, thereby uncovering the problems posed for the seafood processing industry Vietnamese products in terms of world economic integration The thesis has assessed the competitive status of the industry, the barriers that affect the improvement of the competitiveness of the seafood processing industry in Vietnam, in addition to certain competitive advantages compared to other countries other countries in the world Research by co-authors Arie Pieter van Duijn, Rik Beukers and Willem van der Pijl, "The VietNamese seafood sector A value chain analysis", published in 2020 The work focuses on analyzing the following contents: characteristics and trends trends of Vietnam's seafood industry; EU demand for Vietnamese seafood; bottlenecks for Vietnam's seafood exports to the EU The work uses a global value chain tool to analyze four sub-sectors of Vietnam's seafood industry Vietnamese seafood: shrimp, pangasius, tuna and sub-sectors, oysters, mussels Report “The Fisheries Sector in Vietnam: A Strategic Economic Analysis” by the Embassy of Denmark in Vietnam in Phase II of Fisheries Sector Support Program, Early 2020 This study was presented to Vietnamese government policymakers, to provide a basis for making the right choices in selecting and designing Government intervention design in Vietnam's fisheries sector The study focuses on the following key issues: Overall assessment on Vietnam's seafood industry; Aquaculture in Vietnam; Fisheries Although there are many research works related to this problem, none of them really focus on solutions that need to be implemented immediately to be able to improve Therefore, this article will analyze the current situation of seafood import and export of Vietnam into TPP member countries, clarifying opportunities and challenges for the seafood industry when Vietnam joins TPP, At the same time, some proposals and recommendations were made to take advantage of opportunities, overcome challenges, and contribute to promoting Vietnam's seafood exports to the markets of TPP member countries in the coming time 2.2 Theoretical framework or analytical framework used in the article (do not have) 2.3 Research Methods: Document Research, Observation Research results and discussion: Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 3.1 Research results: 3.1.1 Basic contents of the TPP Agreement related to the export aquaculture industry The objective of TPP is to facilitate trade by eliminating taxes and barriers for import and export goods and services between member countries… Here are some basic related agreements related to the aquaculture export industry * Agreement on trade facilitation in the fisheries sector Tariff reduction: Member countries will reduce 90% of import and export taxes on goods and cut them by 0% according to the roadmap Vietnam's seafood exports are entitled to a tax rate of 0% immediately after the Agreement comes into effect or after 3-5 years Specifically, the US, Singapore and Chile committed to eliminate import-export tax on Vietnamese pangasius and shrimp as soon as the Agreement took effect; Canada, Japan, Australia commit to eliminate after 3-5 years For Mexico, Pangasius, Basa, will be eliminated in the 3rd year, Frozen shrimp will be eliminated in the 13th year, Processed shrimp will be eliminated in the 12th year Vietnam is committed to implementing the elimination roadmap tariffs in the 8th year for imported (imported) aquatic products Simplify border controls: Regulations relating to phytosanitary measures (SPS) apply only to the extent necessary and are non-discriminatory TPP accepts equivalence, recognizes epidemicfree areas, transparency, permits the application of urgent measures, facilitates inspection process, technical consultation and strengthening between the parties Rules of Origin for Goods: TPP member countries agree on a common set of rules of origin to identify a particular good as “originating” and thus enjoy preferential tariffs in the TPP The TPP Agreement also provides for "aggregation" so that input materials from one TPP party are treated like materials from another party if used to produce a product in any of the TPP parties However, for seafood products (except tuna), regulations allow the use of seed and input materials imported outside TPP Customs procedures: TPP facilitates trade through simplification and harmonization of customs procedures, application of a common mechanism for certification of origin, self-certification of origin, transparency of financial institutions and animal and plant health and safety (SPS)… Export subsidies: For agricultural and fishery products, in addition to cutting tariffs according to the schedule, member countries also loosen other restrictive policies, including: removing export subsidies, regulations on export credits, not allow the use of special safeguard measures… * Commitment to facilitation in the field of investment and finance Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 The TPP agreement provides commitments that allow investors to be unrestricted in the transfer of capital and assets into and out of a country; except for cases affecting the macroeconomic balance or related to crime, tax evasion The TPP also sets forth principles that require fair and non-discriminatory investment protection and policies to uphold the rule of law, while ensuring the ability of member governments to achieve legitimate public policy goals The TPP provides for the same basic investment protection as in other trade agreements The Agreement also provides for neutral and transparent international arbitration for investment disputes The procedural safeguard mechanism includes: transparent arbitration process, submissions by interested parties, third party submissions; a review is conducted of insignificant claims and a determination of attorneys' fees; interim review and decision mechanism; binding interpretation of the TPP parties; … The contents of commitments on financial services include expanding commitments on market opening along with a transparency mechanism, allowing exceptions The TPP provides opportunities to open up investment and cross-border markets while ensuring that TPP members maintain adequate regulatory authority over financial institutions and markets, taking urgent measures in the event of a crisis Accordingly, it allows the cross-border sale of specific financial services to a TPP member from a service supplier of another TPP member without requiring the service supplier to establish a base of operations in another country to sell its services The TPP Agreement also includes specific commitments on portfolio management, electronic card payment services and information transfer for data processing; The specific provisions on investment disputes relate to minimum standards of treatment based on customary international commercial law, as well as those relating to financial services professionals in arbitration and special sequence mechanism intended to facilitate the application of prudent and other exceptions * Other commitments Commitment to harmonize institutions and policies among member countries The TPP is expected to include commitments on cross-cutting issues such as the harmonization of legal regulations, competitiveness, issues of supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, supply chains, and development assistance… 3.1.2 Overview of Vietnam's aquaculture export industry According to a report of the Vietnam Directorate of Fisheries, it is estimated that by the end of June, the total fishery production will reach 4.1 million tons, increased 3% over the same period in 2020 Of which, the fishing yield will reach nearly million tons, increase 1%; aquaculture Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 output reached 2.1 million tons, increase 4%; The value of seafood export turnover in the first months of the year was estimated at 4.1 billion USD, increased 13.6% over the same period and reaching 47.1% of the plan thanks to the recovery of consumer demand in major markets such as the US, the European Union (EU) and other potential markets Regarding shrimp, in the first months of 2021, shrimp production is estimated at 371 thousand tons, increased 12% over the same period in 2020 In which, the yield of Black Tiger is nearly 113 thousand tons, and the yield of Vannamei is nearly 113 thousand tons Vannamei reached nearly 258 thousand tons Regarding Pangasius, it is estimated that by the end of June 2021, the harvested yield will reach 704.1 thousand tons, increased 0.9% compared the same period; Pangasius export turnover reached 637.9 million USD, increased 14.7% over the same period Compared with the target, the total yields reached 104.3%, of which, the aquaculture production reached 102.3%, the fishing yield reached 106.8 %; compared with the whole year plan target, the total fishery yield reached 47.6%; in which, exploitation yield reached 51.9%, aquaculture production reached 44.2% These results are positive despite many difficulties of Covid-19 pandemic Source: Statista Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Seafood export value has increased healthily Thanks to the recovery of consumer demand in major markets of Vietnamese seafood such as the US, EU and other potential markets, Vietnam’s seafood export turnover in June 2021 increased by 20% compared to the same period last year As a result, seafood export value in the first months of the year reaches 4.1 billion USD According to Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP), Pangasius is being consumed well in the US, European, and Chinese markets As of the end of June 2021, Vietnam’s export value of other seafood products reached 1.6 billion USD, increase 16% over the same period in 2020 Seafood sources accounted for nearly 40% of the export proportion in the first months of this year; in which, tuna export value reached 364 million USD, increased 24% over the same period in 2020 Export value of squid and octopus reached 277 million USD, increased 15% compared to the same period last year Other types of fish reached USD 847 million, up 13% Mr Truong Dinh Hoe, General Secretary of VASEP said that squid, octopus and tuna are all growing in most major markets In recent months, import value of Vietnamese tuna has increased 1.5 times in the US market compared to the same period last year, so in the first half of the year, tuna export value to the US increased by 23% The US is consuming 43% of Vietnam’s tuna When the US market reopens, all segments of tuna products have the opportunity to increase market share Other key markets all have very optimistic signals of growth Typically, Italy increased 122% in the first months, Israel increased 37%, Canada increased 62% The Chinese market is Vietnam’s fifth largest cephalopod consumption market, accounting for 6% of total exports of squid and octopus In the last years, Vietnam’s export value of squid and octopus to China have tended to grow continuously The export value of squid and octopus in 2020 will increase by nearly 61% compared to 2019 Entering 2021, this growth trend will continue Import value of dried squid and grilled squid into China from Vietnam continued to grow impressively by more than 300% compared to 2020 Besides, Vietnam’s export value of fresh and frozen squid to this market have also increased again Regarding the Korean market, the largest market for Vietnam’s squid and octopus consumption, accounting for 41% of the total export volume of squid and octopus, is on an increasing trend, with a growth rate of 7-8% The Japanese market, accounting for 20% of Vietnam’s squid and octopus export value, is also showing a good trend At the same time, export value of squid and octopus to Italy have grown sharply by 170% in recent months and increased by nearly 70% in the first half of the year Those are good news for Vietnam’s seafood exports to reach $9 billion in 2021 3.1.3 Analyzing the impact of TPP on Vietnam's aquaculture export industry Positive effects of TPP Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 * Expanded consumption market Currently, the member countries participating in the TPP are all strategic partners of Vietnam's seafood The total value of seafood exports to these 11 markets reached over billion USD, accounting for nearly 50% of the total seafood export value In theory, TPP will be an opportunity for Vietnamese seafood enterprises to expand their market Trade barriers are removed forming a larger regional seafood consumption market In addition, Vietnam's seafood products will be more competitive in the TPP market than those outside the bloc because these countries not enjoy preferential tariffs For example, TPP will make Vietnamese shrimp exports to the Japanese market more competitive than Agentina, Ecuador and India when these three countries not have a free trade agreement (FTA) with Japan However, in fact, the tax rates of many TPP member countries on Vietnamese seafood products before TPP were quite low For example, for Peru, Canada, the MFN tariff is now approximately 0%, or Malaysia, Singapore, Australia tariffs have been eliminated under FTAs in ASEAN and ASEAN+ This shows that Vietnam's seafood products also not benefit much from the reduction/elimination of tariffs For the Japanese market, tariffs on Vietnamese seafood imported into this country on average account for about 3.5% for live seafood and 7.3% for processed seafood, so TPP will be an opportunity so that Vietnamese seafood has more competitive advantages in price when exporting to Japan * Access to more diverse input sources in aquaculture For enterprises operating in the field of aquaculture for export using imported materials, TPP will be an opportunity for enterprises to import input materials from countries in the TPP With the reduction of import tax to 0%, it will create opportunities to import advanced seafood processing machinery, equipment and technology from the TPP market to serve production and business activities of seafood enterprises The import of input materials from seed, feed, disease prevention and treatment drugs for aquaculture to processing and preservation technology, etc will benefit from having access to cheaper import prices, helping reduce production costs, stabilize input sources, improve business efficiency and competitiveness of export products * Reducing procedures and costs in export activities The phytosanitary measures (SPS) specified in the TPP help reduce costs for businesses Accordingly, goods from an already recognized immune or quasi-immunity zone will not need any additional certification of quality standards, especially since TPP allows for electronic selfcertification and certification However, this regulation will also pose challenges for seafood enterprises in building and adjusting all behaviors to enhance responsibility and maintain trust among businesses in business activities Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 The TPP Agreement stipulates a self-certification mechanism of origin in the inspection and determination of origin for import and export goods This mechanism allows enterprises to selfdeclare the origin of their goods, instead of the current management method, which requires enterprises to submit to the customs office the Certificate of Origin issued by the competent authority of the exporting country This new regulation allows exporting enterprises to reduce the time and procedures performed in the process of proving the origin of seafood, thereby reducing costs for enterprises Enterprises importing input materials such as feed, breeders, etc will not have to go through tax refund procedures, which can also be considered as a small benefit Exporting seafood products can also increase competitiveness thanks to the use of low-cost production support services such as transportation and storage in TPP member countries In addition, TPP also creates favorable conditions for the region Domestic production of raw materials developed thanks to the import of animal feed, raw materials, supplies, equipment and machinery at cheaper prices from TPP member countries; increase opportunities for joint venture cooperation to improve product quality and improve the production chain of aquatic products * Access to investment capital, modern technical technology in aquaculture for export With the requirements of commitments with extensive openness in many fields, trade and investment relations between Vietnam and TPP member countries are forecasted to develop strongly, leading to investment capital flows between Vietnam with countries in the bloc and also with countries outside the TPP Vietnam is expected to receive investment projects from new partners such as Mexico, Peru, and Chile At that time, seafood enterprises have the opportunity to access investment capital from abroad to expand the import scale and improve the competitiveness of seafood products Besides, through investment cooperation in aquaculture with foreign enterprises, it will create favorable conditions to increase opportunities to access science and technology of aquaculture enterprises, thereby improving productivity, quality, ensuring hygiene and safety food and environmental protection * Access to neutral international arbitration institutions in settling cases related to international trade in seafood exports Vietnam's seafood products entering major markets are often subject to technical barriers from importing countries In many cases, these impositions are not right to the detriment of Vietnamese enterprises Vietnamese seafood enterprises must accept to comply with those unreasonable impositions because they not have access to international legal services to effectively sue When participating in TPP, enterprises can have more favorable access to neutral and transparent international arbitration institutions for disputes over safeguard mechanisms as well as investment and avoid/reduce disadvantages caused by the application of international law ordered from importing countries to protect domestic production 10 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 In addition, joining the TPP with high commitments requires further institutional reform, which will have a positive impact on the continued improvement of domestic policy institutions Vietnam is also recognized by member countries as a market economy, on the basis of which it is possible to reduce the risks of investigation or imposition of anti-dumping tax in the seafood industry Challenges for the aquaculture export industry * Increased competition in the domestic market Currently, import tax on seafood products of Vietnam applies from 10 to 30% to other countries Although it has been subject to large taxes, some seafood products from some countries are still cheaper than domestic products when entering Vietnam Therefore, the seafood industry will have to face stiff competition with seafood products of TPP member countries, the market share of Vietnam's seafood products may be narrowed * Technical protection barriers from TPP countries increase Seafood is a sensitive commodity group and TPP countries may apply protection measures for this group of products through quarantine regulations, antibiotic residue testing, and labeling requirements , traceability, social responsibility will be strictly controlled with more frequency Stricter requirements on technical standards and technological processes are also considered as a barrier to Vietnam's seafood export production To export to TPP, Vietnamese enterprises must comply with the provisions of regulations that will make it difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises in the aquaculture industry to meet the requirements due to limited technical and financial capacity In the current TPP negotiations, it is almost impossible to solve this problem because the negotiation contents not mention the issue of limiting the right to issue new SPS and TBT conditions of TPP members Therefore, countries can still unilaterally apply new or adjusted SPS and TBT conditions, thereby preventing seafood imports from TPP members in general and Vietnam in particular * Labor and environmental issues regulated in TPP Fishery is an industry that needs a large labor force, including both simple and specialized workers Strict labor constraints and regulations from TPP (work safety, wage regime, working hours, occupational hygiene, ban on forced labor, ban on child labor ) will increase more challenges for seafood enterprises Regulations on wastewater from farming ponds are also a factor causing difficulties for farmers leading to higher production costs of aquaculture enterprises 3.1.4 Some conclusions and recommendations TPP forms a common market with large scale, reduced business costs, favorable policy and business environment, thereby promoting export and investment activities in Vietnam's 11 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 aquaculture export industry However, the group of barriers in the form of technical regulations, hygiene and epidemiology is expected to increase, thus causing impacts and nullifying the benefits from tariff reduction for seafood products increasing costs for aquaculture export enterprises High standards on labor, environment, are considered as great challenges for improving production models and cycles in the Fisheries industry… These barriers are even riskier than tariffs To develop the export aquaculture industry in the context of TPP integration, the Government needs to implement some of the following solutions: Firstly, improve the organization of imports according to the value chain from importing raw materials to processing and consuming in order to create cohesion and share profits and risks between raw material importers and seafood processing enterprises To build industrial farming areas to import large commodities Improve the environment, encourage investment of businesses, support to promote linkage models between processing and consumption enterprises and farmers Secondly, training and developing human resources for fisheries in line with the needs of import development, especially skilled and technical workers, and management workers Promulgating policies to encourage research and training institutions to associate with enterprises, farms and importing establishments to quickly bring technical progress and new technologies to import Promote cooperation with TPP countries on science, technology and techniques in aquaculture and seafood processing for export Promote the application of new, advanced and environmentally friendly technologies to reduce and handle environmental pollution in the aquaculture process Third, strengthen the inspection and control and organize the management and supervision of the community to manage the environment and apply strict sanctions to import establishments that not comply with the provisions of the Law on Environmental Protection environmental protection to minimize arbitrary discharge of import facilities that pollute the environment Invest in perfecting the infrastructure system to serve imports, especially waste and wastewater treatment in the process NK to ensure the provisions of the Law on Environmental Protection Fourth, there are mechanisms and policies to encourage investment in developing models of concentrated aquaculture areas, policies on strengthening quality management and stabilizing prices of some key imported seafood products, policies on encouraging the application of technical advances and standards to improve the quality of aquatic products Fifth, perfect the system of standards, technical regulations, processes and conditions in the fields of seafood production and business as a basis for management and socialization of a number of stages in state management on seafood 12 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 II.Research and propose solutions to promote Vietnam's seafood exports to TPP member countries by 2025 In the context of deepening global economic integration and with the participation in the signing of new-generation free trade agreements, besides opportunities, the seafood industry also faces many difficulties and challenges when exporting in general and exported to TPP member countries in particular Although Vietnam's seafood export has achieved good growth, most of it has only increased in volume, most exports are raw, semi-processed products with low processed content, due to added value exports are low, the competitiveness of Vietnam's seafood exports is still low and slow to improve Vietnamese enterprises still have to import input materials for production and export processing, Vietnamese seafood products not have their own brand and are often exported by entrustment or through intermediaries The ability to meet regulations on rules of origin, traceability, quality and environmental standards as committed in integration commitments is still limited Therefore, after the research, some solutions have been obtained as follows: Systematize and establish a theoretical basis for promoting a country's seafood export, which has clarified the concept, content, role and factors affecting the promotion of seafood export property of a country Choose to study the experience of Thailand in exporting seafood to Japan, Malaysia's exporting seafood to Singapore - these are two countries with quite similar conditions to Vietnam to draw suggestive lessons for Vietnam It can be seen that one of the most successful experiences of other countries that Vietnam can refer to is the well implementation of seafood export promotion activities Thailand and Malaysia have succeeded in promoting seafood exports thanks to the simultaneous implementation of activities to promote the development of domestic supply as well as stimulate the demand of seafood import markets In terms of stimulating the development of seafood supply, Thailand and Malaysia both focus on measures such as incentives, investment incentives and tax exemptions for projects producing export products; encouraging structural transformation, improving food quality and safety, diversifying products and intensifying deep processing, increasing added value of exported seafood, etc The two countries also stimulated import demand for aquatic products products of other countries through enhancing the promotion of images and brands of seafood products and seafood processing enterprises in import markets; strengthen the signing of participation in bilateral and multilateral FTAs; to build trade centers to display and introduce goods in import markets; strengthen the organization of events, participate in fairs and exhibitions of seafood products in the import market 13 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Analyzing the current situation of promoting Vietnam's seafood exports to TPP member countries as well as factors affecting Vietnam's seafood export promotion In fact, Vietnam's seafood exports to TPP countries in 2016 reached about billion USD, accounting for 49% of Vietnam's total seafood export turnover, but only focused on the US and Japan markets Other markets in the TPP, including the third and fourth ranked markets such as Canada and Australia, account for a small proportion of Vietnam's seafood exports to TPP Despite its high export potential, Vietnam still accounts for a relatively small proportion of the total seafood imports of TPP countries The structure of export products is slow to change, Vietnam still mainly exports raw and semi-processed aquatic products, processed export products with high added value still account for a low proportion of the total turnover seafood export of Vietnam Vietnamese seafood products have not yet built a brand name in export markets, especially in the retail segment for consumers These weaknesses need to have solutions to promote seafood exports of Vietnam Vietnam to TPP member countries Analysis of the current situation of promoting Vietnam's seafood exports to selected member countries such as Canada, Japan, and Austrlia - these are important seafood export markets of Vietnam in the TPP In addition to assessing the market potential of other countries, the authors also analyze in depth the situation of Vietnam's seafood exports to these countries, especially the policies and measures of other countries towards these imported seafood products Reference: 1.Vietnam's International Aquaculture Industry Event https://www.aquafisheriesexpo.com/vietnam/en-us/news-updates/vietnam-aquaculture-overview 2.Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers https://seafood.vasep.com.vn/ Industry And Trade Magazine https://tapchicongthuong.vn/bai-viet/nghien-cuu-anh-huong-cua-tpp-den-nganh-nuoi-trongthuy-san-xuat-khau-cua-viet-nam-48283.htm Statista https://www.statista.com/statistics/1028061/vietnam-main-aquaculture-production-volume/ 14 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 I Ảnh hưởng TPP đến ngành Nuôi trồng thủy sản xuất Việt Nam Những nội dung Hiệp định TPP có liên quan đến ngành NTTS XK - Thỏa thuận tạo thuận lợi thương mại lĩnh vực thủy sản - Cam kết tạo thuận lợi lĩnh vực đầu tư tài - Một số cam kết khác Tổng quan ngành NTTS XK Việt Nam Phân tích ảnh hưởng TPP đến ngành NTTS XK Việt Nam 3.1 Những ảnh hưởng tích cực TPP - Thị trường tiêu thụ mở rộng - Tiếp cận nguồn đầu vào NTTS đa dạng - Giảm thủ tục chi phí hoạt động XK - Tiếp cận nguồn vốn đầu tư, công nghệ kỹ thuật đại NTTS XK - Tiếp cận với tổ chức trọng tài quốc tế trung lập giải vụ kiện liên quan đến thương mại quốc tế XK thủy sản 3.2 Những thách thức ngành NTTS XK - Cạnh tranh gia tăng thị trường nội địa - Các hàng rào bảo hộ kỹ thuật từ nước TPP gia tăng - Vấn đề sử dụng lao động môi trường quy định TPP Một số kết luận II Nghiên cứu đề xuất giải pháp thúc đẩy xuất mặt hàng thủy sản Việt Nam sang quốc gia thành viên TPP đến năm 2025 Hệ thống hóa xác lập sở lý luận thúc đẩy xuất thủy sản quốc gia, làm rõ khái niệm, nội dung, vai trò yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thúc đẩy xuất hàng thủy sản quốc gia 15 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025 Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025Research.on.the.impact.of.TPP.on.vietnams.aquaculture.export.industry.and.some.solutions.to.promote.seafood.exports.to.TPP.member.countries.by.2025