Test your grammar skills

УДК 811.111(075.8) ББК 81.2Англ-923 П78 С о с т а в и т е л и: Л К Бизюк, В А Зенченко, Е Ю Столярова, С Н Тригубкина, И Н Шарко, В Л Якушенко Утверждено на заседании кафедры английского языка естественных факультетов 29 мая 2008 г., протокол № 10 Р е ц е н з е н т ы: кандидат филологических наук, доцент Т Г Ковалева; кандидат филологических наук, доцент А И Долгорукова Проверь свои знания по грамматике = Test Your Grammar Skills : П78 учеб.-метод пособие для студентов, магистрантов и аспирантов мех.-мат фак БГУ / сост.: Л К Бизюк [и др.] – Минск : БГУ, 2010. – 108 с ISBN 978-985-518-274-1 В пособии содержатся тестовые задания, ко­торые помогут проверить и закрепить знания по шести разделам грамматики – наиболее сложным при изучении английского языка Предназначено для студентов, магистрантов и аспирантов ме­ха­нико-мате­ма­ тического факультета БГУ УДК 811.111(075.8) ББК 81.2Англ-923 ISBN 978-985-518-274-1 © БГУ, 2010 Предисловие Учебно-методическое пособие “Test your Grammar skills” предназна­ чено для студентов, владеющих английским языком на среднем уровне (Intermediate Level), а также может быть использовано в работе с магистрантами и аспирантами Являясь частью учебно-методического комплекса по английскому языку для студентов механико-математического факультета, пособие будет полезным широкому кругу лиц, желающих проверить и закрепить приобретенные знания основных грамматических явлений, представляющих значительные трудности в изучении английского языка Основные задачи пособия – контроль знаний, развитие навыков и умений перевода с русского языка на английский язык и с английского на русский, использование изученных грамматических явлений в контексте английской речи Задания разработаны с учетом трудностей пройденного материала и предназначены для предотвращения наиболее типичных ошибок Пособие состоит из шести разделов, а каждый раздел – из пяти тестов по одной из тем: времена, модальные глаголы, неличные формы глагола, наклонение Виды заданий включают: анализ форм и функций, эквивалентный перевод грамматических структур Характер заданий определяется как общими задачами пособия, так и спецификой каждой конкретной темы В разделах, где рассматриваются неличные формы глаголов, большое внимание уделено определению форм причастий, герундия и инфинитива, их функций в предложениях Полезными и интересными являются задания, в которых есть сопоставление с русским языком Это позволяет выявить ряд закономерных грамматических соответствий, используемых при переводе Отдельные задания, представленные в разделе «Модальные глаголы», разработаны на основе связного текста Сюжет текста позволяет поддерживать интерес студентов к грамматическому материалу и представляет грамматику не как нечто отдельное, а как неотъемлемую часть языка в целом Tenses Test I Fill in the gaps with the right present forms “Is Andy here?” “I don’t know I … him all day.” a) haven’t seen b) haven’t been seeing c) see “Where is Nick?” “He is upstairs He … his homework.” a) does b) is doing c) Betty’s bus … at o’clock I must go and meet her at the bus station a) arrive b) has arrived c) arrives Have you seen my record book? I … for it all morning a) am searching b) have been searching c) have searched Look, Jack, I … honest with you Your chances to win this game are low a) am b) am being c) is being Nowadays noise is becoming a major pollutant We … to noise which usually varies between 35 and 60 decibels a) are subjected b) have been subjected c) is subjected A new university building … in the center of the city a) is being constructed b) has constructed c) constructs I travelling by sea on sunny days a) enjoys b) am enjoying c) enjoy II Fill in the gaps with the right past forms We were happy to hear that we the exam a) were passing b) had passed c) passed My uncle had been the headmaster of that school for thirty years before he … a) had retired b) retired c) was retiring She … home when she saw the accident a) was walking b) had walked c) walked They … the mountain for two hours before they reached the top a) had been climbing up b) had climbed up c) climbed up I … the news when the telephone rang a) watched b) was watching c) had been watching She told us that her baby … two weeks earlier than expected a) was born b) is born c) had been born The Prime Minister … during his speech at the last meeting a) had been shouted at b) was shouted at c) was shouted When I entered the room the last applicant … a) was interviewed b) has been interviewed c) was being interviewed III Fill in the gaps with the right future forms She is worried that he … to catch the train a) will not have managed b) is not going to manage c) won’t manage This time next year we … together around Europe a) will be travelling b) will travel c) are going to travel Janet, … you … tonight or not? a) will … leave b) are … leaving c) have … left By the time we arrive home, she … cooking the meal for us a) will finish b) is going to finish c) will have finished When I … home, I … you a call a) will come, make b) come, will make c) will have come, makes I hope water pollution level … soon a) will drop b) will be dropped c) will have dropped The work at the historical documents … by tonight a) will have been finished b) will be finished c) will have finished The spaceship “Challenge” … next year a) will launch b) will be launched c) have been launched IV Fill in the gaps with the right tense forms Dave … at Linguistic University for several years before he decided to enter a Medical School a) will have studied b) have studied c) had been studying I … never … such a beautiful flower before a) have … seen b) had… seen c) will … see Sue … a bike to school, but now she walks a) used to ride b) was used to ride c) was using to ride We … probably … our work tonight a) had … finished b) are … finishing c) will … finish She … the room all morning and felt exhausted a) cleans b) has cleaned c) had been cleaning John … many questions! He is so boring a) has always been asked b) always asked c) is always asking What were you doing when the lecture … ? a) started b)start c) was starting Danny won’t phone us until he … more details about the event a) had b) has c) will have V Choose the right interrogative forms for the following sentences The group of businessmen has just arrived from Moscow a) Where has the group of businessmen just arrived from? b) Where the group of businessmen has just arrived from? c) Where the group of businessmen has arrived just from? I don’t know the traffic rules yet a) Who don’t know the traffic rules yet? b) Who not know the traffic rules yet? c) Who doesn’t know the traffic rules yet? We met when we both were working abroad a) When we met? b) When did we meet? c) When did we met? It had been snowing for two days when the sun came out at last a) How long it snowed when the sun came out at last? b) How long it had been snowing when the sun came out at last? c) How long had it been snowing when the sun came out at last? I’ll see Mr. Brown at the conference anyway a) Whom will you see at the conference? b) Whom you see at the conference? c) Whom you will see at the conference? The film was being shown from five until seven yesterday a) When the film was being shown? b) When was the film being shown? c) When was being the film shown? Assessment tests have recently been introduced a) Have assessment tests been recently introduced? b) Have been assessment tests recently introduced? c) Have been recently introduced assessment tests? Mum cooked dinner three hours ago a) Cooked Mum dinner three hours ago? b) Did Mum cook dinner three hours ago? c) Did Mum cooked dinner three hours ago? VI Choose the most suitable translation for the given sentences Моя дочь говорит по телефону уже часа a) My daughter has been talking on the phone for hours already b) My daughter was talking on the phone for hours already c) My daughter had been talking on the phone for hours already 2.  Вчера я смотрел телевизор в то время, как моя мама готовила ужин a) Yesterday I watched TV while Mum was cooking dinner b) Yesterday I was watching TV while Mum was cooking dinner c) I watched TV while Mum cooked dinner Самолет улетает завтра в часов a) The plane is flying tomorrow at o’clock b) The plane flies tomorrow at o’clock c) The plane will fly at o’clock tomorrow Если ты приедешь днем, мы пойдем в театр a) If you come in the afternoon, we will go to the theater b) If you will come in the afternoon, we will go to the theater c) If you will come in the afternoon, we’re going to the theater В это время вчера он выступал на конференции a) This time yesterday he had made a report at the conference b) This time yesterday he made a report at the conference c) This time yesterday he was making a report at the conference Я прочитаю эту книгу к следующему месяцу a) I will read this book by the next month b) I will have read this book by the next month c) I will be reading this book by the next month Мы будем путешествовать всю следующую неделю a) We will be travelling all next week b) We are travelling all next week c) We will travel all next week Я обычно немного отдыхаю после работы a) I have a little rest after work usually b) I usually have a short rest after work c) I am usually having a little rest after work Не шумите! Дети спят a) Don’t make a noise! The children are sleeping b) Don’t make a noise! The children sleep c) Don’t make a noise! The children have been sleeping 10 Мы переезжаем в новый дом через месяц a) We will have moved into a new house in a month b) We will move into a new house in a month c) We are moving into a new house in a month Test I Fill in the gaps with the right present forms Is it Jim? He … so different in this black suit a) look b) is looking c) looks We are all here now except Tom who … lunch a) has had b) still has c) is still having Mike … to his friend for half an hour now a) has talked b) is talking c) has been talking Lily … a lot of classes and now she has to study at night a) is missing b) has missed c) have missed You … the keys to the garage a) are always losing b) loose always c) have lost always Today grave concern… about the pollution of water, air and soil a) has expressed b) is expressed c) expresses The contract on the tractors’ supply …at the Board meeting now a) is discussed b) is being discussed c) is discussing We … often … to play for this club a) are … invited b) has … invited c) are … inviting II Fill in the gaps with the right past forms It had been raining all day and the roads … very wet a) had been b) were c) are When … to take a course on statistics? a) had she chosen b) has she chosen c) did she choose George was angry He … for Nora for two hours a) was waiting b) had been waiting c) waited The students … their books and did the exercises a) were opening b) had opened c) opened It was easy for him to get lost because he … in a big city before a) hadn’t been b) wasn’t c) didn’t be Tom … to the teacher while the others … notes a) listened; were taking b) was listening; were taking c) was listening; took He … out of the class at yesterday’s Maths lesson a) was sent b) sent c) has been sent 8 During the whole summer more and more waiters … every week a) were employed b) were being employed c) employed III Fill in the gaps with the right future forms She … her translation by 10 o’clock a) will finish b) will be finishing c) will have finished This time next week I … on the beech a) will sunbathe b) will be sunbathing c) am going to sunbathe They … eighteen next month a) will be b) will have been c) shall be When the sun … we … a) will come out; starts off b) comes out; will start off c) will have come out; start off … you …to town to the shopping today? a) are … going b) will … go c) shall … go Scientists … a cure for this disease by 2010 a) will find b) will have found c) will be finding None of the goals in education … quickly and easily a) will achieve b) will have achieved c) will be achieved Don’t worry! The letter … by o’clock a) is written b) will write c) will have been written IV Fill in the gaps with the right tense forms We … along the forest road for two hours when we … a house a) were walking; have seen b) had walked; saw c) had been walking; saw We … Neil this week, but we … him a couple of weeks ago a) haven’t seen; saw b)didn’t see; have seen c) haven’t seen; see I … to the market myself last time but now I don’t remember how to get there a) had got b) got c) get I’m tired, but if you … me strong coffee, I … working a) will make , go on b) will make, will go on c) make, will go on Sarah is in her room She … the piano a) play b) plays c) is playing We’ve got the tickets, and tomorrow evening we … to the theater a) go b) are going c) will go A through train for Liverpool … in minutes a) starts off b) start off c) will start off By this time tomorrow I … already … in Venice a) will … arrive b) am … arriving c) will have … arrived b) If I finish the project in time, I shall take a few days off c) If I finished the project in time, I should take a few days off 2.  Если бы я был на вашем месте, я бы пошел на компьютерные курсы a) If I were you, I should attend a computer course b) If I am you, I shall attend a computer course c) If I had been you, I should have attended a computer course Если бы они нас пригласили, мы бы пошли на вечеринку тогда a) If they invited us, we would go to the party b) If they had invited us, we would go to the party c) If they had invited us, we would have gone to the party Так ли это необходимо, чтобы его наказали? a) Is it so necessary that he should be punished? b) Is it so necessary that he was punished? c) Is it so necessary that he will be punished? Она всегда дарит нам подарки, словно она наша родственница a) She always gives us presents as if she is a relation b) She always gives us presents as if she were a relation c) She always gives us presents as if she had been a relation Test I Define the type of the conditional sentence a) I type b) II type c) III type d) mixed type Had he written me a letter, I should have known that he had lost his job His French won’t improve unless he studies more He would go to the cinema if he were not reading for the exam If we hadn’t taken the wrong turning, we wouldn’t have arrived late The building wouldn’t have fallen down if it hadn’t been so old She would be well now if she had stayed in bed a few days longer If she had been told to come, she would be here now If she had had a car then, she could have driven there Your health would be better if you stopped experimenting with diets 10 He will speak at the conference in case he hands in his paper in time II Identify the type of conditionals, then choose the right form for filling in the blank If it … for your help and understanding, I should have achieved nothing a) hasn’t been b) hadn’t been c) didn’t … he an honest person, he would have told the truth a) Is b) Be c) Were 94 But for her nose which is a little long she … rather pretty now a) would be b) will be c) is If you … , you will miss the train a) won’t hurry b) don’t hurry c) didn’t hurry If Steve , tell him I will be back in ten minutes a) will call b) called c) calls If I … in your place, I should buy a new suit a) would be b) am c) were I should be much better if you … asking me how I feel a) had stopped b) stopped c) stop If I … an umbrella, I wouldn’t have got wet a) had taken b) have taken c) took If the ship Plymouth yesterday, it would be in Spain now a) has left b) had left c) left 10 If you the directions, this device would have worked longer a) had followed b) followed c) have followed III Complete the following sentences, expressing an unreal wish I wish I … her about it a) will be able to tell b) can tell c) could tell I wish you … this yesterday Now Mary knows everything a) haven’t told b) hadn’t told c) didn’t tell If only George on time when we arrange to go out a) has arrived b) arrived c) had arrived Bruce wishes he … more money so that he could buy a new sweater a) had b) has c) will have If only he … more tactful! a) were b) is c) will be I wish you… less noise I cannot concentrate on my work a) will make b) make c) would make He hasn’t got a car but he wishes he a) had b) has c) will have He always brings his dog to my house but I really wish he a) won’t b) wouldn’t c) doesn’t IV Identify whether the action refers to the present or to the past Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the verb You … not borrow the money You won’t be able to give it back a) had better b) would rather c) would better Suppose you … to the party last night, would you have gone? a) had been invited b) were invited c) have been invited 95 She behaved as if she …nothing of what had happened a) knows b) would know c) knew He was afraid lest his secret by his friends a) was discovered b) should be discovered c) has been discovered I you hadn’t given up that promising job at the bank a) had better b) would rather c) had rather It is about time you … your mind about that matter a) make up b) made up c) had made up It was doubtful that anyone … of his arrival a) should have learned b) would have learned c) learned He was the only one to insist that the matter … a) will be investigated b) was investigated c) should be investigated Some students suggested that the seminars … place on Monday a) should take b) took c) will take 10 I’d rather you … any names at this meeting a) don’t mention b) won’t mention c) didn’t mention V Find the Russian equivalent for the following English sentences If he didn’t like his job, he would look for another one a) Если ему не нравилась его работа, он искал другую b) Если бы ему не нравилась его работа, он бы искал другую c) Если ему не нравится его работа, он ищет другую I demanded that they should show me the letter a) Я потребовал, чтобы они показали мне письмо b) Я потребовал, что им показали письмо c) Я потребовал, чтобы письмо было мне показано I wish someone had warned me against him a) Я хочу предупредить кое-кого держаться от него подальше b) Жаль, что никто не предупредил меня держаться от него подальше c) Жаль, что его предупредили держаться от меня подальше It is high time you did something about that car a) Пора, чтобы эта машина работала b) Тебе давно пора сделать что-нибудь с этой машиной c) Вы давно уже что-то делаете с этой машиной Mum would rather we cleaned our rooms today a) Мама предпочла бы, чтобы мы убрали наши комнаты сегодня b) Мама была вполне довольна, что мы убрали наши комнаты сегодня c) Мама хочет, чтобы мы убрали наши комнаты сегодня They joked and laughed as if they were close friends a) Они шутили и смеялись, словно близкие друзья b) Они шутили и смеялись, когда были близкими друзьями c) Они бы шутили и смеялись, если бы были близкими друзьями 96 If only I hadn’t left the window open a) Не только я оставлял окно открытым b) Только не я оставил окно открытым c) Ах, если бы я только не оставил окно открытым! VI Find the English equivalent for the following Russian sentences Важно, чтобы дети посещали школу a) It’s important that children should attend school b) It’s important that children will attend school c) It’s important that children attended school Жизнь была бы скучной, если бы у всех были одинаковые взгляды a) Life will be boring if everyone has the same viewpoints b) Life would be boring if everyone had the same viewpoints c) Life would have been boring if everyone had the same viewpoints Если бы они посмотрели карту, они бы не потерялись тогда a) If they looked at the map, they wouldn’t have got lost then b) If they had looked at the map, they won’t be lost then c) If they had looked at the map, they wouldn’t have got lost then Он говорил по-французски, как настоящий француз a) He spoke French as if he is a real Frenchman b) He spoke French as if he were a real Frenchman c) He spoke French as if he had been a real Frenchman Если он позвонит, я расскажу ему новости a) If he will call, I’ll tell him the news b) If he calls, I’ll tell him the news c) If he called, I would tell him the news Test I Define the type of the conditional sentence a) I type b) II type c) III type d) mixed type Had I watched the weather forecast, I should have known that it was going to rain As long as you are very careful, you can use my CD player If you had asked about it, I could have told you everything You would feel much better now if you hadn’t spent a sleepless night If I liked pop music, I should have come to the concert with you If I were a pilot, I would fly around the world Dave will be home at o’clock provided he catches the o’clock bus Father would let you take the car if you left it clean What foreign language will he learn in case he takes up a postgraduate course? 10 If you had come to the theatre with me yesterday, you would have enjoyed the play 97 II Identify the type of conditionals, then choose the right form for filling in the blank But for my shoes I the party yesterday a) enjoyed b) have enjoyed c) would have enjoyed Were I you, I some warmer clothes a) should put on b) put on c) will put on If you … loudly, you will wake up the baby a) will speak b) spoke c) speak If I … more time, I would take up tennis a) had b) had had c) will have He this job in the bank if he hadn’t been an Oxford graduate a) will not have b) wouldn’t have got c) wouldn’t have If he the approaching car, there would have been a serious accident a) hadn’t noticed b) haven’t noticed c) didn’t notice If it were not for the wind, the weather perfect a) would have been b) will be c) would be If you so much ice – cream, you wouldn’t feel sick now a) haven’t eaten b) didn’t eat c) hadn’t eaten I would stay to the end of the meeting if I Mother to be back by ten a) hadn’t promised b) didn’t promise c) haven’t promised 10 Unless you me, I won’t finish this project on time a) will help b) help c) don’t help III Complete the following sentences expressing an unreal wish I wish she … to visit us last weekend a) came b) had come c) have come Tom wishes he … all of his money yesterday a) hadn’t spent b) hasn’t spent c) didn’t spent If only I … on this message from Tom to you then a) have passed b) had passed c) will pass I wish I … a composition for the next lesson a) will not have to write b) don’t have to write c) didn’t have to write If only she … us why she is crying a) told b) tell c) tells I wish they … arguing They are making a lot of noise a) will stop b) stop c) would stop She can’t afford an expensive trip to Spain but she wishes she a) could b) can c) will be able to They probably won’t change their minds but I wish they a) will b) would c) 98 IV Identify whether the action refers to the present or to the past Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the verb It was impossible that they … nothing a) know b) knew c) should know You … not go out tonight The classes at school start early in the morning a) would better b) had better c) would better Suppose you … a millionaire, what would you buy? a) be b) will be c) were You behaved as if you … a baby in your life a) had never seen b) has never seen c) didn’t see He demanded that we … the room a) shall clean b) cleaned c) should clean We also asked her to come to the party lest she… a) is hurt b) should be hurt c) will be hurt I’d rather you … a full-time job than a part time-job a) have got b) had got c) will have got It is high time somebody … me what it is all about a) told b) tell c) will tell She suggests that you … with the children to the park a) went b) should go c) will go 10 I’d rather you … your homework before you go out a) did b) c) will V Find the Russian equivalent for the following English sentences Jane wishes she hadn’t spent all that money on new clothes a) Джейн жалеет, что она потратила все деньги на новую одежду b) Джейн хочет потратить все деньги на новую одежду c) Джейн жалеет тратить все деньги на новую одежду If he were more sociable, he would have more friends a) Если он будет более общительным, у него будет больше друзей b) Когда он был более общительным, у него было больше друзей c) Если бы он был более общительным, у него было бы больше друзей Do you think it is necessary that I should stay here any longer? a) Думаете вам будет необходимо, чтобы я оставался здесь дольше? b) Вы думаете, что это необходимо, и что мне следует остаться здесь дольше? c) Вы думаете необходимо, чтобы я оставался здесь дольше? It’s time they went home a) Им пора идти домой b) Когда нужно будет, они уйдут домой c) В этот раз они ушли домой 99 I’d rather you didn’t interrupt me when I’m talking a) Я люблю, когда меня не прерывают во время разговора b) Я бы предпочел, чтобы вы не прерывали меня, когда я говорю c) Когда я разговариваю, меня лучше не беспокоить The boy looks as if he were running a high temperature a) Мальчик видит, что у него температура b) Мальчик выглядит так, словно у него высокая температура c) Мальчику кажется, что у него температура If only I had bought those shoes we saw yesterday a) Я купил не только туфли вчера b) Мы увидели эти туфли вчера, и я их купил c) Ах, если бы я только купил те туфли, которые мы видели вчера! VI Find the English equivalent for the following Russian sentences Невероятно, что туристы переправились через эту опасную реку a)   It’s unbelievable that the tourists should have crossed this dangerous river b) It’s unbelievable that the tourists had crossed this dangerous river c)   It’s unbelievable that the tourists would have crossed this dangerous river Если бы ему сейчас было восемнадцать, он смог бы уже голосовать на выборах a) If he had been eighteen, he would have been able to vote at the elections b) If he were eighteen, he would be able to vote at the elections c) If he is eighteen, he will be able to vote at the elections Если бы я встал вчера пораньше, я бы не опоздал на работу a) If I got up earlier yesterday, I wouldn’t be late for my work b) If I had got up earlier yesterday, I wouldnt’ have been late for my work c) If I get up earlier yesterday, I won’t be late for my work Если фильм начнется скоро, я его посмотрю a) If the film will start soon, I shall watch it b) If the film started soon, I should watch it c) If the film starts soon, I shall watch it Она будет обращаться с вами так, словно она вас не знает a) She will treat you as if she doesn’t know you b) She will treat you as if she didn’t know you c) She will treat you as if she wouldn’t know you 100 Test I Define the type of the conditional sentence a) I type b) II type c) III type d) mixed type 1.  Had he behaved better, he wouldn’t have been expelled from the University If Andrew were taller, he could be a basketball player If I had made plans for the evening, I wouldn’t be bored now She would be here if she hadn’t missed the night bus from Dublin She will learn English in one year in case she works hard The children would not annoy you if you didn’t pay attention to them You would know what to if you had studied the matter carefully If he hadn’t run out of money, he would have gone to Egypt last year As long as you promise to behave yourself, you can stay at your friend’s for the summer 10 They wouldn’t have missed their plane if they hadn’t woken up late II Identify the type of conditionals, then choose the right form for filling in the blank But for the spelling mistakes the composition … excellent a) is b) was c) would have been Were I you, I … tell her how you feel about all this a) will tell b) should tell c) told If he had offered this interesting job to me, I … it a) should accept b) will accept c) should have accepted If you patient for a few minutes, I shall be able to finish this letter a) are b) will be c) were The throat symptoms would trouble you less if you so much a) don’t smoke b) didn’t smoke c) hadn’t smoked I would be grateful if you me any information you may have a) sent b) would sent c) had sent If you had started the course in Geometry earlier, you … the exam a) can pass b) could have passed c) will be able to pass If I … to the party last Saturday, I could have met my old friends a) have gone b) went c) had gone The manager won’t sign the contract unless he …it first a) doesn’t study b) studies c) will study 10 I wouldn’t have lent him the money if he…in such a difficult situation a) has not been b) wasn’t been c) hadn’t been 101 III Complete the following sentences, expressing an unreal wish I wish I … tickets for the last night’s rock concert a) could have bought b) will be able to buy c) can buy I wish I … on the beach now a) were lying b) am lying c) will be lying If only I … the chance to study when I was younger a) have had b) will have c) had had I wish it … raining a) stops b) would stop c) will stop If only I … the answer to this difficult question now a) knew b) know c) will know I wish Emily … with us to the country then a) went b) has gone c) had gone She had his hair cut really short but now she wishes she a) hadn’t b) had c) didn’t He is going to the dentist this afternoon but he wishes he a) were b) weren’t c) won’t be IV Identify whether the action refers to the present or to the past Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the verb Her suggestion is that the conference … place right here a) took b) will take c) should take You … phone your mother as she is worried about you a) would better b) had better c) had rather Suppose you … the truth then, what would you have done? a) knew b) have known c) had known She burst out laughing as if she the incident very funny a) found b) has found c) is finding Her friends think it strange that she … any friends at the camp a) should not have made b) doesn’t make c) hasn’t made She doesn’t eat any sweets lest she …weight a) puts on b) should put on c) will put on I’d rather Sam his music so loud a) didn’t play b) doesn’t play c) won’t play It was high time she … dinner and we began to lay the table a) will prepare b) prepared c) prepares Why you insist that you … the first to answer? a) should be b) are c) will be 10 I the children had gone to bed earlier last night a) would rather b) had better c) had rather 102 V Find the Russian equivalent for the following English sentences I’d rather you didn’t take my car a) Я бы предпочел, чтобы ты не брал мою машину b) Я бы лучше не брал твою машину c) Я не возражал, чтобы ты брал мою машину It is possible that he should change his mind a) Возможно, что ему следует изменить свое решение b) Возможно, что он изменит свое решение с) Он может изменить свое решение If only I hadn’t promised to it a) Если бы не я пообещал сделать это! b) Не только я пообещал сделать это c) Ах, если бы я не пообещал сделать это! I wish I had gone to the library yesterday a) Я хочу пойти в ту библиотеку, в которой был вчера b) Жаль, что я не сходил в библиотеку вчера c) Я хотел сходить в библиотеку вчера If James had more free time, he would go to the gym every week a) Если у Джеймса будет больше времени, он будет ходить в спортзал каждую неделю b) Если бы у Джеймса было больше времени, он бы ходил в спортзал каждую неделю c) Если у Джеймса появляется больше времени, он ходит в спортзал каждую неделю It is time you stopped bothering about it a) Пора перестать беспокоиться об этом b) Ты остановился вовремя, чтобы побеспокоиться об этом c) Настало время, и ты перестал беспокоиться об этом Look, her eyes are red as if she had been crying a) Посмотри, у нее покраснели глаза, и она заплакала b) Посмотри, у нее были бы красные глаза, если бы она плакала c) Посмотри, у нее покраснели глаза, словно она плакала VI Find the English equivalent for the following Russian sentences Невозможно, чтобы никто не видел машину, когда она проезжала через деревню a) It’s impossible that nobody has seen the car when it was passing through the village 103 b) It’s impossible that nobody saw the car when it was passing through the village c) It’s impossible that nobody should have seen the car when it was passing through the village Если ты не закончишь домашнюю работу, ты не сможешь посмотреть свою любимую программу a) If you won’t finish your home work, you won’t be able to watch your favourite programme b) If you don’t finish your home work, you won’t be able to watch your favourite programme c) If you haven’t finished your home work, you won’t be able to watch your favourite programme Если бы у меня была собака, я бы назвал ее Spot a) If I have a dog, I will call it Spot b) If I had a dog, I will call it Spot c) If I had a dog, I would call it Spot Будь она тогда поосторожнее, она бы не сломала руку a) Had she been more careful, she wouldn’t have broken her arm b) Has she been more careful, she wouldn’t have broken her arm c) Had she been more careful, she wouldn’t break her arm Через неделю он будет бегать и прыгать, словно и не болел a) In a week he will be running and jumping as if he hadn’t been ill b) In a week he will be running and jumping as if he wasn’t ill c) In a week he will be running and jumping as if he hasn’t been ill Test I Define the type of the conditional sentence a) I type b) II type c) III type d) mixed type Had she been asked, she would have given her permission I’ll give them my new address in case they want to write me a letter If I were you, I shouldn’t travel on my own, because I don’t know any foreign language If he didn’t eat a lot of sweets, he wouldn’t have problems with his teeth I wouldn’t have been able to it unless she had helped me If I hadn’t been so busy, I would have gone to the cinema yesterday I would stay and help if I hadn’t promised Ann to be home at o’clock If it hadn’t rained heavily all night, we would try to cross the river now I’ll carry out the experiment provided I am given necessary instructions 10 We’ll begin the discussion at 10 o’clock provided Sam comes on time 104 II Identify the type of conditionals, then choose the right form for filling in the blank … I heard any news, I would have told you immediately a) Having b) Have c) Had But for your help and understanding this book a) won’t have been written b) wouldn’t be written c) wouldn’t have been written Unless you … to bed now, you will be tired in the morning a) will go b) go c) won’t If Mark … younger, he could join the youth club a) were b) be c) is I should work much better if you … me all the time a) had not interrupted b) didn’t interrupt c) don’t interrupt She … last year if she hadn’t argued with her boss a) were promoted b) would be promoted c) would have been promoted If you … the directions, you would have finished the test on time a) had followed b) have followed c) followed I … you this picture if I hadn’t left this book at home a) will show b) would show c) would have shown If I … how to drive a car, I would have got the job a) knew b) known c) have known 10 But for that strange colour of her hair she … quite a pretty girl a) will be b) would be c) was III Complete the following sentences, expressing an unreal wish I wish I … speak Italian a) could b) will be able to c) can I wish children … computer games less a) will play b) would play c) play If only I … how to solve this problem now a) have known b) knew c) know Ann wishes she … high school a) will finish b) has finished c) had finished I wish I … a compass with me now a) had b) have c) will have If only I … all my money Now I am broken a) haven’t lost b) didn’t lose c) had not lost They probably won’t change their minds but I wish they a) would b) didn’t c) had I forgot to send this letter yesterday but I wish I a) didn’t b) hadn’t c) had 105 IV Identify whether the action refers to the present or to the past Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the verb We … book a table in this popular restaurant in advance a) would better b) had better c) are better Suppose you … a film star, what would you say? a) meet b) met c) will met I suggest that we … the washing up ourselves a) shall b) did c) should She discussed the book as if she … it a) read b) has read c) had read I … Tom studied harder for his exam in Geometry He is not very good at Maths a) would rather b) would better c) had better She kept repeating the directions lest I … in the city a) will get lost b) should get lost c) got lost Father said it was high time we … how much our education cost him a) realized b) will realize c) should realize It’s doubtful that he … his promise a) forgot b) forgotten c) should have forgotten No one insisted that you … a) will come b) should come c) would come 10 I’d rather you … me about the house a) helped b) would help c) will help V Find the Russian equivalent for the following English sentences I wish you had paid attention to your teacher’s instructions a) Жаль, что ты тогда не обратил внимание на указания учителя b) Я хочу, чтобы ты обращал внимание на указания учителя c) Я хотел обратить внимание учителя на эти инструкции If money grew on trees, all of us would be rich a) Если деньги будут расти на деревьях, мы все будем богатыми b) Если бы деньги росли на деревьях, мы бы все были богатыми c) Если бы мы растили деньги на деревьях, то все стали бы богатыми It is surprising that he should have helped them a) Удивительно, что ему следует помогать b) Удивительно, что им следует помогать c) Удивительно, что он помог им It’s time it stopped raining a) Дождю пора уже прекратиться b) Пора прекратить этот дождь c) Настала пора, и дождь прекратился 106 I’d rather Kate stayed with us tonight a) Кейт предпочла остаться сегодня вечером у нас b) Кейт предпочитает оставаться по вечерам у нас c) Я бы предпочел, чтобы Кейт осталась сегодня вечером у нас She smiled and waved me as if she had just noticed me a) Она улыбнулась и помахала мне, словно только что заметила меня b) Она улыбалась и махала мне рукой каждый раз, когда замечала меня c) Она улыбнулась и помахала рукой, заметив меня If only I hadn’t bought this jacket It’s too large a) Я купил не только этот жакет Этот слишком велик b) Ах, если бы я только не купил этот жакет! Он слишком велик c) Я не купил этот жакет Он слишком велик VI Find the English equivalent for the following Russian sentences Если бы я вчера лег спать пораньше, я бы не опоздал на экзамен a) If I went to bed earlier yesterday, I wouldn’t be late for the exam b) If I had gone to bed earlier yesterday, I wouldn’t have been late for the exam c) If I go to bed earlier yesterday, I won’t be late for the exam Если бы завтра была хорошая погода, мы бы поехали на уик-энд за город a) If the weather were fine tomorrow, we will go to the country for the weekend b) If the weather were fine tomorrow, we would go to the country for the weekend c) If the weather had been fine tomorrow, we would have gone to the country for the weekend Не мoжет быть, чтобы он сумел найти тогда эту дорогу в темноте a) It’s impossible that he should have found the road in the dark b) It’s impossible that he has found the road in the dark c) It’s impossible that he had found the road in the dark Если они откажутся действовать, мы напишем об этом во все газеты a) If they will refuse to act, we shall write about it to all newspapers b) If they refused to act, we should write about it to all newspapers c) If they refuse to act, we shall write about it to all newspapers Вы говорите так, словно знаете, как мне помочь a) You speak as if you know how to help me b) You speak as if you knew how to help me c) You speak as if you have known how to help me Contents Предисловие Tenses Modal Verbs 25 The Participle 44 The Gerund 60 The Infinitive 76 The Mood 91 Учебное издание Test Your Grammar Skills Проверь свои знания по грамматике Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов, магистрантов и аспирантов механико-ма­тематичес­кого факультета БГУ Составители Бизюк Людмила Константиновна Зенченко Валентина Алексеевна Столярова Елена Юрьевна и др На английском и русском языках В авторской редакции Дизайн обложки С Н Егоровой Технический редактор Г М Романчук Компьютерная верстка Т Я Холод Ответственный за выпуск Т М Турчиняк Подписано в печать 22.01.2010 Формат 60×84/16 Бумага офсетная Гарнитура Таймс Печать офсетная Усл печ л 6,28 Уч.-изд л 5,37 Тираж 200 экз Зак Белорусcкий государственный университет ЛИ № 02330/0494425 от 08.04.2009 220030, Минск, проспект Независимости, Отпечатано с оригинала-макета заказчика Республиканское унитарное предприятие «Издательский центр Белорусcкого государственного университета» ЛП № 02330/0494178 от 03.04.2009 220030, Минск, ул Красноармейская,