Choose the correct answers. 1. I’m so cross I didn’t need to needn’t have stayed up late last night to finish the project. Miss Davis doesn’t want it until Monday now 2. Joe couldn’t shouldn’t have said those things to Sue. She’s really upset. 3. Peter might needn’t have phoned while we were out. Check your voice mail. 4. She ought to shouldn’t have left us a message. We were so worried when she didn’t come home last night. 5. Mike should could have won the race if he hadn’t been so tired. 6. Ned and Sandy might not couldn’t have left until after the rush hour to avoid the traffic. 7. Steve is terrible. He couldn’t might have at least started to prepare the dinner while I was out. 8. I’m afraid I shouldn’t couldn’t have given you a lift yesterday because my car was at the garage.
KTRA 1- KỸ NĂNG TỔNG HỢP TEST 1: Read the instruction carefully and the required task PART 1: GRAMMAR (3p) Choose the correct answers I’m so cross! I didn’t need to / needn’t have stayed up late last night to finish the project Miss Davis doesn’t want it until Monday now! Joe couldn’t / shouldn’t have said those things to Sue She’s really upset Peter might / needn’t have phoned while we were out Check your voice mail She ought to / shouldn’t have left us a message We were so worried when she didn’t come home last night Mike should / could have won the race if he hadn’t been so tired Ned and Sandy might not / couldn’t have left until after the rush hour to avoid the traffic Steve is terrible He couldn’t / might have at least started to prepare the dinner while I was out I’m afraid I shouldn’t / couldn’t have given you a lift yesterday because my car was at the garage needn’t have shouldn’t might ought to could might not might couldn’t PART 2: READING (3p) Read the text How YOU use the net? We asked members of one family to tell us what they use the Internet for and why Here is what they told us A Grandad Peter I might be over 80 but the Internet is invaluable to me At my age it’s not always so easy to get about and my friends and family are scattered all over the globe It’s difficult to visit and have face-to-face conversations that often It’s a bit pricy too! Phoning isn’t that convenient because of the different time zones I don’t think my brother in Australia would appreciate being woken up at three in the morning just for me to say hello! So I keep in touch by e-mail and it’s very important to me It took me a while to get the hang of it but now it’s no problem at all B Daughter Lynne I must admit that I’m a spendaholic and I’m on auction sites all the time I can’t resist a bargain and I love the excitement of bidding against other people and never being sure whether you’re going to win or not It’s quite addictive so I have to be careful or else I would be completely broke! I think it’s incredible that whatever you’re looking to buy, someone out there has got it to sell C Mum Karen I find the net useful for downloading information for my students You can also access sites that give you free lesson plans and good, imaginative ideas for making lessons interesting There’s such a lot of knowledge out there too To get the answers to the kind of questions I have, it would take hours with piles of books and I simply don’t have the time For me the net is a lifeline! D Dad Oliver My big thing is news and sports and I’m always online checking the latest scores I work shifts too, so I often miss the regular news slots and with the net I can always watch news clips of programmes that were on earlier It also brings you breaking news and with the more controversial issues if you want to, you can read people’s comments and of course, make your own I that quite often And there are also online newspapers If I don’t get a paper, I can always go online and click on to the newspapers website It’s easier to choose what you want to read rather than leafing through the papers which can be so big these days Which person (A–D) says … I see the net as time saving? _ I sometimes share my opinions with others? _ I use it to get help with my work? _ I don’t always get what I want? _ it took time to work out how to use the net? _ C D C B A PART 3: WRITING (4P) Write a for and against essay with the title: The growth of the air industry must be restricted to control global warming Use the writing guide to help you Paragraph 1: Describe the current situation Paragraph 2: Give points in favour of the statement Paragraph 3: Give points against Paragraph 4: Summarise and give your opinion With the growth in aviation, the majority of people are more likely to travel abroad to spend their leisure time in the special occasions One of the most tangible influences of this phenomenon is the exponential increase of thousand airlines which provide low-cost carrier, and it is argued as the trigger of environmental catastrophes on a global scale such as air pollution and lack of fossil fuel As a result, critics claim that air industry should be controlled to preserve the natural ecology While it is believed that air industry provides more benefits in terms of time consuming and reasonable prices, people also have to consider the negative side of this transportation Supporters of the aircraft deliberate that air planes are by far the fastest mode of transport which connects all of parts in the world by hours In 20th century, when air planes have been invented, many counties choose this mean of transport to export food such as vegetables and fruits to places where they are not in season or cannot be grown Consequently, some food could be exported faster and would not deteriorate in the worldwide distribution In addition, the availability of cheap air travels allows many holidaymakers to visit abroad for vacations over last decades Air travel leads people to get novelty of other challenged vacations On the other hand, the detrimental effects of this development are the impact on the environment Firstly, a study records that there are more than hundred international and domestic flights which require more than thousand litters of fuel every day As the time passed by, the natural environment is absorbed to produce more fuel while there is prevention to limit this activity In the linear relationship of this condition, burning of fossil fuel in terms of oil will add significantly to this problem as just one flight releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases into the environment and damages the layers of ozone It can be concluded that the development of aviation contributes the biggest contribution of climate change as the global problem In conclusion, the development of air travel in the recent years has its own merits and demerits for environment In the glance, air travel benefits people to commute between different regions sooner whereas people are blame for environmental influences which are more important issues so that the restriction should be implemented to reduce damages From my perspective, using air travel for travelling should be controlled, and green taxes should be increased to control lowcost airline companies as a novel solution PART 3: WRITING (4P) Invent a famous person Write about his/her life and achievements Use the writing guide to help you Paragraph 1: Introduce the person and explain why you have chosen to write about him/her Paragraph 2: Give information about his/her early experiences Paragraph 3: Give details about his/her main achievement(s) Paragraph 4: Give information about his/her life since main achievement(s) Everyone has an idol, some people like a star movie, the others like a famous singer If I could travel back in time to meet a famous person from history, I would like to meet Uncle Ho because of the following reasons First of all, I have seen a lot of films about uncle Ho, read a lot of books, and studied his ideology He is always my greatest idol to study and follow If I met him, I would look at him closely, talk to him and discuss a lot of problems of our country and the dream of the young generation I'm sure that he would listen to me and explain all questions I ask Secondly, I knew that Uncle Ho was very good at foreign languages, he could speak fluently fifteen languages I would ask him how he studied English, Russian, and French In fact, I have been studying English for ages but I haven't been satisfied with my English I think this is a good opportunity to learn about his experiences Finally, all Vietnamese people know that Ho Chi Minh devoted his life to our nation If he wasn't born in Vietnam, our country could still be invaded by other countries I would like to show respect to Uncle Ho, and I would say that all Vietnamese people are studying and following his ideology Vietnam has become a developed country and played an important role in the world I believe that Ho Chi Minh will exist forever in the hearts of all Vietnamese people ĐỀ PART 1: GRAMMAR (3p) Complete the sentences with must, can’t or might and the correct form of the verbs in brackets He (be) a vegetarian I’ve never seen him eat meat Dan (be) back before lunchtime but I wouldn’t bet on it! She (be) exhausted! She’s just slept for more than twelve hours You (see) this film before It was only released yesterday I (leave) the keys on the table Can you check for me? Helen (like) your cooking Look, she’s left most of the meal You (joke)! I can’t come out now – I’m in bed! must be might be can't be can't have seen might have left can't like must be joking PART 2: READING (3p) Read the text How YOU use the net? We asked members of one family to tell us what they use the Internet for and why Here is what they told us A Grandad Peter I might be over 80 but the Internet is invaluable to me At my age it’s not always so easy to get about and my friends and family are scattered all over the globe It’s difficult to visit and have face-to-face conversations that often It’s a bit pricy too! Phoning isn’t that convenient because of the different time zones I don’t think my brother in Australia would appreciate being woken up at three in the morning just for me to say hello! So I keep in touch by e-mail and it’s very important to me It took me a while to get the hang of it but now it’s no problem at all B Daughter Lynne I must admit that I’m a spendaholic and I’m on auction sites all the time I can’t resist a bargain and I love the excitement of bidding against other people and never being sure whether you’re going to win or not It’s quite addictive so I have to be careful or else I would be completely broke! I think it’s incredible that whatever you’re looking to buy, someone out there has got it to sell C Mum Karen I find the net useful for downloading information for my students You can also access sites that give you free lesson plans and good, imaginative ideas for making lessons interesting There’s such a lot of knowledge out there too To get the answers to the kind of questions I have, it would take hours with piles of books and I simply don’t have the time For me the net is a lifeline! D Dad Oliver My big thing is news and sports and I’m always online checking the latest scores I work shifts too, so I often miss the regular news slots and with the net I can always watch news clips of programmes that were on earlier It also brings you breaking news and with the more controversial issues if you want to, you can read people’s comments and of course, make your own I that quite often And there are also online newspapers If I don’t get a paper, I can always go online and click on to the newspapers website It’s easier to choose what you want to read rather than leafing through the papers which can be so big these days Which person (A–D) says … I see the net as time saving? _ I sometimes share my opinions with others? _ I use it to get help with my work? _ I don’t always get what I want? _ it took time to work out how to use the net? _ C D C B A PART 3: WRITING (4P) Write a for and against essay with the title: The growth of the air industry must be restricted to control global warming Use the writing guide to help you Paragraph 1: Describe the current situation Paragraph 2: Give points in favour of the statement Paragraph 3: Give points against Paragraph 4: Summarise and give your opinion With the growth in aviation, the majority of people are more likely to travel abroad to spend their leisure time in the special occasions One of the most tangible influences of this phenomenon is the exponential increase of thousand airlines which provide low-cost carrier, and it is argued as the trigger of environmental catastrophes on a global scale such as air pollution and lack of fossil fuel As a result, critics claim that air industry should be controlled to preserve the natural ecology While it is believed that air industry provides more benefits in terms of time consuming and reasonable prices, people also have to consider the negative side of this transportation Supporters of the aircraft deliberate that air planes are by far the fastest mode of transport which connects all of parts in the world by hours In 20th century, when air planes have been invented, many counties choose this mean of transport to export food such as vegetables and fruits to places where they are not in season or cannot be grown Consequently, some food could be exported faster and would not deteriorate in the worldwide distribution In addition, the availability of cheap air travels allows many holidaymakers to visit abroad for vacations over last decades Air travel leads people to get novelty of other challenged vacations On the other hand, the detrimental effects of this development are the impact on the environment Firstly, a study records that there are more than hundred international and domestic flights which require more than thousand litters of fuel every day As the time passed by, the natural environment is absorbed to produce more fuel while there is prevention to limit this activity In the linear relationship of this condition, burning of fossil fuel in terms of oil will add significantly to this problem as just one flight releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases into the environment and damages the layers of ozone It can be concluded that the development of aviation contributes the biggest contribution of climate change as the global problem In conclusion, the development of air travel in the recent years has its own merits and demerits for environment In the glance, air travel benefits people to commute between different regions sooner whereas people are blame for environmental influences which are more important issues so that the restriction should be implemented to reduce damages From my perspective, using air travel for travelling should be controlled, and green taxes should be increased to control lowcost airline companies as a novel solution ĐỀ TEST 1: Read the instruction carefully and the required task PART 1: GRAMMAR (3p) Rewrite the sentences using conditionals I’ve got a really bad headache today because I did so much work on the computer last night If _ She argued with you because she enjoys a good debate! She _ We can’t buy a house because the prices have gone up too much If _ I knew she was going to leave early because I checked my e-mail If _ My Spanish was very weak because I don’t practise enough If _ I didn’t know you were feeling low so I didn’t come over yesterday If _ I’m really annoyed because I reminded her five times about the meeting I _ If I hadn’t done so much work on the computer last night, I wouldn’t have a really bad headache today She wouldn’t have argued with you if she didn’t enjoy a good debate If the prices hadn’t gone up so much, we would be able to buy a house If I hadn’t checked my e-mail, I wouldn’t have known she was going to leave early If I practiced more, my Spanish wouldn’t have been so weak If I’d known you were feeling low, I’d have come over yesterday I wouldn’t be so annoyed if I hadn’t reminded her five times about the meeting PART 2: READING (3p) Read the text How YOU use the net? We asked members of one family to tell us what they use the Internet for and why Here is what they told us A Grandad Peter I might be over 80 but the Internet is invaluable to me At my age it’s not always so easy to get about and my friends and family are scattered all over the globe It’s difficult to visit and have face-to-face conversations that often It’s a bit pricy too! Phoning isn’t that convenient because of the different time zones I don’t think my brother in Australia would appreciate being woken up at three in the morning just for me to say hello! So I keep in touch by e-mail and it’s very important to me It took me a while to get the hang of it but now it’s no problem at all B Daughter Lynne I must admit that I’m a spendaholic and I’m on auction sites all the time I can’t resist a bargain and I love the excitement of bidding against other people and never being sure whether you’re going to win or not It’s quite addictive so I have to be careful or else I would be completely broke! I think it’s incredible that whatever you’re looking to buy, someone out there has got it to sell C Mum Karen I find the net useful for downloading information for my students You can also access sites that give you free lesson plans and good, imaginative ideas for making lessons interesting There’s such a lot of knowledge out there too To get the answers to the kind of questions I have, it would take hours with piles of books and I simply don’t have the time For me the net is a lifeline! D Dad Oliver My big thing is news and sports and I’m always online checking the latest scores I work shifts too, so I often miss the regular news slots and with the net I can always watch news clips of programmers that were on earlier It also brings you breaking news and with the more controversial issues if you want to, you can read people’s comments and of course, make your own I that quite often And there are also online newspapers If I don’t get a paper, I can always go online and click on to the newspapers website It’s easier to choose what you want to read rather than leafing through the papers which can be so big these days Which person (A–D) says … I see the net as time saving? _ I sometimes share my opinions with others? _ I use it to get help with my work? _ I don’t always get what I want? _ it took time to work out how to use the net? _ C D C B A PART 3: WRITING (4P) Write a for and against essay with the title: The growth of the air industry must be restricted to control global warming Use the writing guide to help you Paragraph 1: Describe the current situation Paragraph 2: Give points in favour of the statement Paragraph 3: Give points against Paragraph 4: Summarise and give your opinion With the growth in aviation, the majority of people are more likely to travel abroad to spend their leisure time on special occasions One of the most tangible influences of this phenomenon is the exponential increase of thousand of airlines that provide low-cost carriers, and it is argued as the trigger of environmental catastrophes on a global scale such as air pollution and lack of fossil fuel As a result, critics claim that the air industry should be controlled to preserve the natural ecology While it is believed that the air industry provides more benefits in terms of time-consuming and reasonable prices, people also have to consider the negative side of this transportation Supporters of the aircraft deliberate that airplanes are by far the fastest mode of transport which connects all of the parts of the world by hours In the 20th century, when airplanes have been invented, many counties choose this means of transport to export food such as vegetables and fruits to places where they are not in season or cannot be grown Consequently, some food could be exported faster and would not deteriorate in the worldwide distribution In addition, the availability of cheap air travel allows many holidaymakers to visit abroad for vacations over the last decades Air travel leads people to get the novelty of other challenging vacations On the other hand, the detrimental effects of this development are the impact on the environment Firstly, a study records that there are more than a hundred international and domestic flights that require more than a thousand liters of fuel every day As time passed by, the natural environment is absorbed to produce more fuel while there is prevention to limit this activity In the linear relationship of this condition, burning of fossil fuel in terms of oil will add significantly to this problem as just one flight releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases into the environment and damages the layers of ozone It can be concluded that the development of aviation contributes the biggest contribution to climate change as a global problem In conclusion, the development of air travel in recent years has its own merits and demerits for the environment At a glance, air travel benefits people to commute between different regions sooner whereas people are blamed for environmental influences which are more important issues so that the restriction should be implemented to reduce damages From my perspective, using air travel for traveling should be controlled, and green taxes should be increased to control lowcost airline companies as a novel solution ĐỀ TEST 1: Read the instruction carefully and the required task PART 1: GRAMMAR (3p) Choose the correct answers We mustn’t / don’t have to give in this assignment until next Friday That’s good news! We must / have to meet up sometime for a coffee and a chat Simon needn’t / shouldn’t work so hard He’ll make himself ill Do you think we have to / ought to check with your dad before using his tools? I really don’t have to / mustn’t eat so much salt It’s very bad for me You oughtn’t to / needn’t worry about me I’m getting a lift home with Freddie You mustn’t / shouldn’t park there! It’s the boss’s space and he’ll be furious I need to get / get some money out of the bank later today 1.don't have to 2.must 3.shouldn't 4.have to 5.mustn't 6.needn't 7.shouldn't 8.get some PART 2: READING (3p) Read the text Don’t reach for the bottle! We are constantly being warned about climate change and how much we contribute to the environmental problems our planet is facing but one thing each and every one of us can to help is literally at our fingertips [1 _] According to recent reports our obsession with buying and drinking bottled water significantly increases our carbon footprint Apparently in America, the largest market in the world for bottled water, over eight billion gallons is consumed annually and in the UK the market is worth more than two billion pounds [2 _] What is interesting is that according to most experts, bottled water is no better for us than ordinary tap water So, we have an alternative in our own kitchens [3 _] They insist that their water tastes better, has added minerals and comes in handy plastic bottles that encourage us all to drink more water wherever we are – something that many medical experts consider to be good for our health But does this all really compensate for the 600 fold increase in greenhouse gas that is put into the atmosphere by producing and delivering the product? [4 _] And what about the damage caused by the 75% of plastic bottles that are not recycled but disposed of in landfill sites? It has been calculated that drinking one bottle of water has the same environmental impact as driving for one kilometre in a car! Many people also question the morality of buying a product that is becoming so scarce in some parts of the world that many people (like a third of those in Fiji) not have easy access to it The moral issue aside, is it really worth buying something that costs 2,000 times more than an alternative we can already find in our homes? [5 _] Complete the text with sentences A–F There is one sentence you not need A The bottled water industry of course refutes these findings B The popular Fiji water travels 10,000 miles from its source on the island of Fiji to the upmarket UK stores that sell it C And at what cost to the environment? D However, not all bottled water has this effect on health E These figures may not be surprising if we compare them with other bottled drinks F Turn on the tap when we’re thirsty! F E A B C PART 3: WRITING (4P) Write a for and against essay with the title: The growth of the air industry must be restricted to control global warming Use the writing guide to help you Paragraph 1: Describe the current situation Paragraph 2: Give points in favor of the statement Paragraph 3: Give points against Paragraph 4: Summarize and give your opinion With the growth in aviation, the majority of people are more likely to travel abroad to spend their leisure time on special occasions One of the most tangible influences of this phenomenon is the exponential increase of thousands of airlines that provide low-cost carriers, and it is argued as the trigger of environmental catastrophes on a global scale such as air pollution and lack of fossil fuel As a result, critics claim that the air industry should be controlled to preserve the natural ecology While it is believed that the air industry provides more benefits in terms of time-consuming and reasonable prices, people also have to consider the negative side of this transportation Supporters of the aircraft deliberate those airplanes are by far the fastest mode of transport which connects all of the parts of the world by hours In the 20th century, when airplanes have been invented, many counties choose this means of transport to export food such as vegetables and fruits to places where they are not in season or cannot be grown Consequently, some food could be exported faster and would not deteriorate in the worldwide distribution In addition, the availability of cheap air travel allows many holidaymakers to visit abroad for vacations over the last decades Air travel leads people to get the novelty of other challenging vacations On the other hand, the detrimental effects of this development are the impact on the environment Firstly, a study records that there are more than a hundred international and domestic flights that require more than a thousand liters of fuel every day As time passed by, the natural environment is absorbed to produce more fuel while there is prevention to limit this activity In the linear relationship of this condition, burning of fossil fuel in terms of oil will add significantly to this problem as just one flight releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases into the environment and damages the layers of ozone It can be concluded that the development of aviation contributes the biggest contribution to climate change as a global problem In conclusion, the development of air travel in recent years has its own merits and demerits for the environment At a glance, air travel benefits people to commute between different regions sooner whereas people are blamed for environmental influences which are more important issues so that the restriction should be implemented to reduce damages From my perspective, using air travel for traveling should be controlled, and green taxes should be increased to control lowcost airline companies as a novel solution