Speaking ta11 ilsw unit 4 5 by diên khánh

TIẾNG ANH 11 I-LEARN SMART WORLD SPEAKING TOPICS TOPIC 4: GLOBAL WARMING What is the difference between weather and climate? Option 1: The main difference is time Weather is only temporary For example, a blizzard can turn into a flood after just a few warm spring days Climate, on the other hand, is more than just a few warm or cool days Climate describes the typical weather conditions in an entire region for a very long time – 30 years or more Option 2: “Weather” refers to the more local changes in the climate we see around us, on short timescales from minutes to hours, to days to weeks Examples are familiar – rain, snow, clouds, winds, thunderstorms “Climate” refers to longer-term averages (which may be regional or global) and can be thought of as the weather averaged over several decades What is climate change? Climate change describes a change in the typical weather for a region — such as high and low temperatures and amount of rainfall — over a long period of time Scientists have observed that, overall, Earth is warming In fact, many of the warmest years on record have happened in the past 20 years This rise in global temperature is sometimes called global warming Is it too late to prevent climate change? Humans have caused major climate changes to happen already However, if we stopped emitting greenhouse gases today, the rise in global temperatures would begin to flatten within a few years Temperatures would then plateau but remain well-elevated for many centuries Do scientists agree on climate change? Yes, the vast majority of actively publishing climate scientists – 97 percent – agree that humans are causing global warming and climate change What’s NASA got to with climate change? NASA’s role is to make observations of our Earth's systems (geosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere) and how they connect, which can be used by the public, researchers, policymakers and to support strategic decisions Its job is to perform rigorous science However, the agency does not promote particular climate policies Is the Sun causing global warming? No The Sun can influence Earth’s climate, but it isn’t responsible for the warming trend we’ve seen in recent decades What’s the difference between climate change and global warming? “Global warming” refers to the long-term warming of the planet “Climate change” encompasses global warming, but refers to the broader range of changes that are happening to our planet, including rising sea levels; shrinking mountain glaciers; accelerating ice melt in Greenland, Antarctica and the Arctic; and shifts in flower/plant blooming times How we know Earth’s climate is getting warmer? Scientists have been observing Earth for a long time They use NASA satellites and other instruments to collect many types of information about Earth's land, atmosphere, ocean, and ice This information tells us that Earth's climate is getting warmer Why is Earth warming? Some of the gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap heat from the Sun, like the glass roof and walls of a greenhouse These greenhouse gases keep Earth warm enough to live on Human activities, such as the destruction of forests and burning fossil fuels, create extra greenhouse gases This traps are even more of the Sun’s heat, leading to a warmer Earth 10 What are the main causes of global warming? The three main causes of global warming are: burning fossil fuels, deforestation and agricultural activities 11 What are ways to stop global warming? Some of the ways through which we can stop global warming are: driving less, recycling more, planting trees, replacing regular bulbs with CFL (compact fluorescent light, energy-saving light) ones, avoiding products with a lot of packaging, etc 12 How is global warming affecting us? Climate change affects human health as it depletes the water and air quality, leads to extreme weather, increases the pace at which certain diseases spread, etc Mother Earth is facing the consequences of our careless actions It is high time now that we should act and protect the environment A few decades ago, afforestation, using renewable sources, etc., was just an option, but today, these have become a necessity If we not change and move towards a more sustainable growth model, this planet that we all share will be significantly affected, and life, as we know it today, may perish Let’s take a pledge to conserve and restore the beauty of our planet Earth 13 Do you care about global warming? (Bạn có quan tâm đến nóng lên toàn cầu?) To be honest, I am much aware of this phenomenon since it has been negatively affecting our lives in many ways Since high school, I have been taught about how our world would be changed if global warming happens for a long time Thành thật mà nói, nhận thức nhiều điều tượng ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến sống theo nhiều cách Kể từ học trung học, dạy việc giới thay đổi tình trạng ấm lên tồn cầu xảy thời gian dài 14 Is this phenomenon affecting your life anyway? (Hiện tượng có ảnh hưởng đến sống bạn không?) Basically, global warming is really impacting not only my life but also my country Indeed, as the overall temperature is rising more and more, summers are hotter than ever, which threatens old people’s health Moreover, wildfires are happening more frequently, thereby killing numerous creatures Nói cách nóng lên tồn cầu thực ảnh hưởng không đến sống tơi mà cịn đất nước tơi Thật vậy, nhiệt độ trung bình ngày tăng cao, mùa hè trở nên nóng hết điều đe dọa sức khỏe người già Hơn nữa, cháy rừng xảy thường xuyên hơn, giết chết nhiều sinh vật 15 How did you know about global warming? (Làm bạn biết nóng lên tồn cầu?) If memory serves right, I first got to know this term when I was in secondary school It was a geography class when my teacher was talking about this global phenomenon After that, I also hear all kinds of information about this on TV and on the internet And nowadays, this has become a heated debate on social media platforms and has been concerned by many people Tôi nhớ không nhầm lần tơi biết đến thuật ngữ tơi cịn học trung học sở Đó lớp học địa lý giáo viên tơi nói tượng tồn cầu Sau đó, tơi nghe thấy tất thơng tin điều TV internet Hiện nay, trở thành tranh luận sôi tảng mạng xã hội nhiều người quan tâm 16 Talk about Global Warming: Describe a disaster that you know about (Mô tả thảm họa mà bạn biết về) You should say: → What it is (Nó gì) → When this happened (Nó xảy nào) → What effects it had on our lives (Những ảnh hưởng lên đời sống chúng ta) And why you are concerned about it (Tại bạn lại quan ngại vấn đề này) In the past few decades, more and more news programs as well as reports have been mentioning one troublesome global phenomenon called “global warming” It is happening right now and is gradually affecting our lives in many ways According to scientists, global warming is caused by the greenhouse gases emitted by factories and other human activities Year in year out, the overall temperature of the earth has risen to a considerable level, thereby impacting the existence of all creatures To be more specific, sea water is now hotter than ever, therefore, marine beings such as corals or small fish cease to exist As a result, bigger creatures have their food sources depleted, so they start dying as well On top of that, the ice caps are melting, raising the sea level and then flooding coastal lands Besides, wildfires are taking place all over the world, destroying swathes of forests and killing all dwellers inside We, humans, are living among nature, and just one tiny change would lead to the destruction of us all In recent years, many old people passed away due to the heat in metropolises and there is an increasing number of diseases happening uncontrollably Therefore, as a human being, I must be aware of this phenomenon and try to contribute to mitigating the problem Trong vài thập kỷ qua, ngày có nhiều chương trình tin tức báo cáo đề cập đến tượng xảy Trái Đất gọi “sự nóng lên tồn cầu” Nó diễn lúc dần ảnh hưởng đến sống theo nhiều cách Theo nhà khoa học, tượng trái đất nóng lên khí thải từ nhà máy từ hoạt động khác người Từ năm qua năm khác, nhiệt độ tổng thể trái đất tăng lên mức đáng kể, tác động đến tồn sinh vật Cụ thể hơn, nước biển nóng hết, đó, sinh vật biển san hô hay cá nhỏ không tồn Kết sinh vật lớn bị cạn kiệt nguồn thức ăn, chúng bắt đầu chết Trên hết, chỏm băng tan ra, nâng cao mực nước biển sau gây ngập lụt vùng đất ven biển Bên cạnh đó, cháy rừng diễn khắp nơi giới, phá hủy khu rừng giết chết tất cư dân bên Chúng ta, người, sống thiên nhiên, cần thay đổi nhỏ dẫn đến diệt vong tất người Trong năm gần đây, nhiều người già qua đời nắng nóng thị ngày có nhiều bệnh tật xảy đến mà ta khơng thê kiểm sốt Vì vậy, người, ta phải nhận thức tượng cố gắng góp phần giảm thiểu vấn đề 17 What are some effects of global warming? (Một số tác động nóng lên tồn cầu gì?) As far as I’m concerned, this phenomenon has detrimental effects on our world First and foremost, it is changing the climate pattern, which means that many areas are now flooded, and tropical regions are turning into deserts This caprice has laid waste to a host of habitats and animals living within What is more, sea level is rising, evading coastal lands and drowning many livable areas Therefore, the territory of many nations has shrunk and agricultural lands along the sea are disappearing Theo biết, tượng có tác động bất lợi giới Đầu tiên quan trọng nhất, thay đổi mơ hình khí hậu, có nghĩa khu vực bị ngập lụt, khu vực nhiệt đới biến thành sa mạc Tính thất thường tạo chất thải cho loạt môi trường sống động vật Hơn nữa, mực nước biển dâng cao, lấn chiếm vùng đất ven biển nhấn chìm nhiều khu vực sống Do đó, lãnh thổ nhiều quốc gia bị thu hẹp vùng đất nông nghiệp ven biển dần biến 18 What should we to solve this problem? (Chúng ta phải làm để giải vấn đề này?) From my personal perspective, it is almost too late to anything about this However, there is something that we can in order to mitigate the problem One of the measures is that we limit the amount of greenhouse gases emitted by factories and human activities Indeed, not only manufacturing processes but also transportation is releasing a tremendous amount of gases into the atmosphere on a daily basis, which must be forced to decrease to a great extent Another solution to tackle global warming is to educate young generations on the adverse effects of it on their future, so that they are likely to develop a sense of responsibility to take care of the world decades later Theo quan điểm cá nhân tôi, muộn để làm điều Tuy nhiên, làm để giảm thiểu vấn đề Một biện pháp hạn chế lượng khí nhà kính nhà máy hoạt động từ người thải Thật vậy, khơng quy trình sản xuất mà giao thông vận tải thải lượng khí khổng lồ vào bầu khí hàng ngày, lượng khí buộc phải giảm đến mức lớn Một giải pháp khác để giải vấn đề nóng lên tồn cầu giáo dục hệ trẻ tác động tiêu cực tương lai họ, để họ phát triển ý thức trách nhiệm chăm sóc giới nhiều thập kỷ sau TOPIC 4: VIETNAM & ASEAN 1.What does ASEAN stand for? ASEAN stands for Association of South East Asian Nations What Is ASEAN? It is an intergovernmental organization of ten Southeast Asian countries: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam How does ASEAN work? ASEAN is headed by a chair—a position that rotates annually among member states—and is assisted by a secretariat based in Jakarta, Indonesia 4.What is the motto of ASEAN? One vision, one identity, one community is the motto of ASEAN Which part of Vietnam you want to live in? If I were to choose where to live in Vietnam, I would go for Hue – a city in central Vietnam I have a bias for Hue because of its historic sites, for its street food, trees and wide boulevard, for the dessert shop on the esplanade and for the wonderful people I met there Hue is much less busy than HCMC or Hanoi, so this guarantees more space for everyone, no matter when you are driving, bicycling or just walking You don’t have to worry so much about traffic, you won’t be pushed back and forth by crowds What makes you feel proud of your country? There are a lot of reasons why I feel proud to be a Vietnamese I love Viet Nam firstly for its food Vietnamese food is the best Vietnamese Pho, Bun cha, Banh cuon, etc All taste amazing while being incredibly healthy and cheap In addition, Viet Nam has many scenic places Take Ha Noi for example, while it is the city capital, which is supposed to adopt a crazy busy hectic urban lifestyle, you can still find quiet and beautiful places in some corners of this city, like The Old Quarters, Hoan Kiem Lake, Lang Bac, etc Do you know the history of your country well? I may know some common knowledge about my country You know, I am not good at history In the past, Vietnam had to beat China to protect our border, Vietnam had to beat France to gain independence and had to beat America to completely get real independence for the whole country Do you think your hometown is a good place for a holiday? Yes, definitely My hometown is the best place to visit on a holiday as it has the best scenic views and a lot of places to roam around Also my hometown, Quy Nhơn, is famous for its delicious food and stunning beaches What is the best season to travel in your country? Personally speaking, the best time to travel in Vietnam is in the span of January to October 10 Would you say your country is a good place for travellers to visit? Yes, definitely Vietnam is a favorite destination for many travelers in Southeast Asia, both for the unique atmosphere and unmistakable difference in culture between the north and south 11.Describe a foreign country you would like to go to ( A country you have not been to yet) You should say: → what country it is (including where it is in the world) → what this country is like → what people can in this country And explain why you would like to go to this country Option 1: MYANMAR There are so many countries that I have not had a chance to go to, but one of those that I would like to visit in my upcoming trip is Myanmar It is located in South East Asia The country is like Thailand 25 years ago, before shopping malls, and fastfood chains expanded in the country Thus it remains rustic and traditional compared to the modern world The people here are said to be friendly; they are willing to go out of their way to show you around and they are very keen on practicing their English skills Myanmar is famous for its ancient city named Bagan, with more than 3,000 temples which date back to the 11th century I would particulary love to see the Shwedagon Pagoda It is considered to be the greatest and most sacred Buddhist temple in the country The entire structure, which dates back 2,500 years, is covered with hundreds of gold plates Since the country has just been opened up to the outside world, it still keeps the originality of its culture That’s why I want to go there, to experience the country and the people before globalization changes everything Option 2: THAILAND Bangkok became the world's most visited city in 2013, even beating London, New York, and Paris! Thailand still reigns as the most popular destination among places to travel in Southeast Asia A well-oiled tourism infrastructure makes Thailand one of the easiest places to travel With a friendly culture, world-famous food and a good mix of islands, it's easy to see why many first-time travelers to Southeast Asia begin in Thailand Plus, Thailand is still relatively inexpensive Option 3: CAMBODIA Once home to the powerful Khmer empire, Cambodia is still recovering from the effects of numerous wars Regardless, locals are among the friendliest you'll encounter in Southeast Asia The ancient ruins of Angkor Wat and the surrounding temples are one of the most famous UNESCO World Heritage Sites in all of Southeast Asia Millions of visitors travel to Siem Reap to see the ruins, however, the rest of the country is well worth exploring Option 4: MALAYSIA Travelers to Malaysia get to enjoy Malay, Chinese, and Indian culture (among many others) all in one place You'll never run out of tempting food options to try in Kuala Lumpur or Penang, a world-famous food destination Opportunities to experience different festivals for many ethnic and religious groups are plenty Malaysia is blessed with excellent roads, trains, and travel infrastructure Kuala Lumpur is a thriving capital, and there are plenty of islands for getting away from it all Malaysian Borneo, only a cheap flight away, is a romantic, natural paradise with plenty of potential for adventure Option 5: SINGAPORE Tiny Singapore is a city, country, and island all at the same time Despite the size, the nation thrives and has one of the strongest economies in the world, even boasting the highest number of millionaires per capita Singapore is also infamous among budget travelers as being one of the most expensive destinations to visit in Southeast Asia Fortunately, eating in Singapore is still inexpensive Like Malaysia, Singapore is an exciting mix of local Malay, Chinese, and Indian influence The country is also home to a large number of expats and foreign workers Unlimited shopping, street food, impressive museums, and high-rise buildings aren't all Singapore has plenty of green space adorned with walking and biking trails to supplement the beautiful waterfront Thank you!