(Luận văn) the moderating role of time urgency and future time perspective on the relationship between team temporal leadership and team performance

to MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRANNING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY tn gh p ie w n ad lo NGUYEN QUOC PHONG th yj an lu la ip uy n va THE MODERATING ROLE OF TIME URGENCY AND FUTURE TIME PERSPECTIVE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEAM TEMPORAL LEADERSHIP AND TEAM PERFORMANCE tz n oi m ll fu z ht vb Subject: Master of Business Administration Code: 60.34.01.02 k jm gm SUPERVISOR: Assoc Prof Dr NGUYỄN ĐÌNH THỌ om l.c an Lu n va re y te th HO CHI MINH CITY - 2012 I ACKNOWLEDGEMENT to tn gh p ie First of all, I would like to appreciate to teachers at Economy University of n w Ho Chi Minh city for their valuable knowledge that guiding me so far a lo d I would like to appreciate PhD Pham Quoc Hung for his kindness in th yj instructing me through difficult time in finding ways to result my research ip uy problems Also through his guiding I found the important and application of this lu la thesis in literature and implication an Last but not least, I deeply appreciate the helping of my dear wife, my family n va for their counting on me Thanks to them I got the motivation to get through long fu time studying to fulfill my master thesis I also would like to appreciate my dear m ll friends at eMBAK19 class for their sharing knowledge and friendship oi at nh z z ht vb k jm Nguyen Quoc Phong om l.c gm Ho Chi Minh, 26 October 2012 an Lu n va re y te II to tn gh COMMITMENT p ie I would like to commit that this thesis, “the moderating role of time urgency, n w future perspective on the relationship between team temporal leadership and team a lo performance”, was accomplished basing on my independent, serious study and d th scientific researches The data was primary collected by my own with clear origins yj uy In addition, the data would be trust-worthily handled and it has never been released ip in any paper so far lu la an Nguyen Quoc Phong n va fu oi m ll at nh z z k jm ht vb om l.c gm an Lu n va re y te III CONTENTS to tn ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I gh p ie COMMITMENT II CONTENTS III n w FIGURES VII a lo 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT d 1.2 RESEARCH’S OBJECTIVES th 1.3 RESEARCH’S SCOPE AND APPROACH .2 yj uy 1.3.1 Research’s Scope .2 ip 1.3.2 Research’s Approach la 1.4 CONTRIBUTION an lu 1.4.1 Academic Contributions 1.4.2 Managerial Contributions .4 va 1.5 RESEARCH STRUCTURE n fu CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW m ll 2.1 TIME URGENCY .5 oi nh 2.1.1 Time Urgency and Type A Behavior Pattern at 2.1.2 Characteristic of Time Urgency z 2.1.3 Time Urgency and Team Performance z 2.2 TIME PERSPECTIVE vb ht 2.2.1 Time Perspective k jm 2.2.2 Time Perspective and team performance 10 2.3 TEAM TEMPORAL LEADERSHIP 12 gm 2.4 TEAM TEMPORAL LEADERSHIP AND TEAM PERFORMANCE 14 om l.c 2.5 HYPOTHESES DEVELOPMENT 15 3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN 17 3.2 QUESTIONNAIRE DEVELOPMENT 18 Lu 3.3 SCALE 19 an 3.3.1 Time Urgency Scale 19 va 3.3.2 Future Time Perspective 20 n 3.3.5 Translation of Questionnaires 23 3.4 GROUP DISCUSSION 24 3.5 TARGET POPULATION 24 y Team Performance Scale 22 te 3.3.4 re 3.3.3 Temporal Leadership Scale 21 IV to 3.6 SAMPLE SIZE 25 3.7 SELECTING THE SAMPLE AND COLLECTING DATA .25 tn 3.8 METHODS OF DATA ANALYSIS 26 gh 3.8.1 Data Screening 26 p ie 3.8.2 Reliability 27 3.8.3 Confirmatory Factor Analysis 27 3.8.5 Correlation Analysis 30 n w 3.8.4 Analysis of Variance .29 a lo 3.8.6 Regression Analysis 31 d th CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS 33 yj uy 4.1 DATA SCREAMING 33 ip 4.2 CHARACTERISTIC OF QUALIFIED RESPONDENTS 34 la 4.3 NORMALITY ANALYSIS 35 an lu 4.4 RELIABILITY OF THE MEASUREMENTS 37 4.4.1 Reliability of Time Urgency Measurement 37 va 4.4.2 Reliability of Future Consequence Measurement 38 n fu 4.4.3 Reliability of Team Temporal Leadership Measurement 39 m ll 4.4.4 Reliability of Team Performance Measurement 39 oi 4.6 CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS .40 nh 4.7 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE .45 at 4.7.1 The Effect of Gender on Team Performance .46 z z 4.7.2 The Effect of Age on Team Performance 47 vb 4.7.3 Test The Effect of Education on Team Performance 47 k jm ht 4.8 CORRELATION ANALYSIS 48 4.9 HYPOTHESES TESTING 50 gm 4.9.1 The Effect of Team Temporal Leadership on Team Performance 50 4.9.2 The Moderating Role of Time Urgency and Future Time Perspective on the Relationship between om l.c Team Temporal Leadership and Team Performance 52 5.1 DISCUSSIONS OF FINDINGS .61 Lu 5.2 PRACTICAL IMPLICATION 62 an 5.3 CONTRIBUTION OF THE STUDY 63 va 5.4 LIMITATION AND FURTHER RESEARCH 64 n REFERENCE IX re y te APPENDIX XV (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance V TABLES to tn gh p ie Table 3.1 Time Urgency Scale n w a lo Table 3.2 Future consequence scale d th Table 3.3 Team temporal leadership yj uy ip Table 3.4 Team performance la n va Table 4.1: Variables an lu Table 3.5 Assessing Fit Indices fu Table 4.2: Socio-demographic Characteristics of Qualified respondents oi m ll Table 4.3: Assessment of normality nh at Table 4.4: Summarize Cronbach’s Alpha score of Time Urgency measurements z z vb Table 4.5: Summarize Cronbach’s Alpha score of Future Consequence k jm ht measurements gm Table 4.6: Summarize Cronbach’s Alpha score of Team Temporal Leadership om l.c measurements Table 4.7: Summarize Cronbach Alpha score of Team Performance measurments an Lu Table 4.8: Standardized Regression weight y te (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance re Gender) n Table 4.10 Independent Samples Test (Dependent variable: TP; Grouping variable: va Table 4.9: Goodness-of Fit Indexes Result (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance VI Table 4.11 Analysis of Variance (Dependent variable: TP; Factor: Age) to tn Table 4.12 Analysis of Variance(Dependent variable: TP; Factor: Education) gh p ie Table 4.13 Descriptive Statistics and Correlations Table 4.14 The effect of team temporal leadership on team performance n w a lo Table 4.15: Statistics of two model (with and without TL) d th Table 4.16 The moderating role of time urgency and future time perspective on the yj ip uy relationship between team temporal leadership and team performance an lu la Table 4.17: Statistics two model (with and without moderator TU and FC) Table 4.18: Relationship between TL and TP (moderator TU) n va fu Table 4.19: Statistics of Relationship between TL and TP (moderator TU) m ll oi Table 4.20: Relationship between TL and TP (moderator FC) nh at Table 4.21: Statistics of Relationship between TL and TP(moderator FC) z z k jm ht vb om l.c gm an Lu n va re y te (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance VII to tn FIGURES gh p ie n w Figure 2.1 Original model (Source: Mohammed and Nadkarni, 2011) a lo Figure 2.1 Suggested model d th Figure 3.1 Research process yj uy ip Figure 4.1 CFA model la an lu Figure 4.2a: Time urgency strengthen the positive relationship between team temporal leadership and team performance n va fu Figure 4.2b: Future consequence strengthen the positive relationship between team m ll temporal leadership and team performance oi at nh z z k jm ht vb om l.c gm an Lu n va re y te (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION to tn gh p ie n w 1.1 Problem Statement a lo Rapidly changing competition, customer needs, technologies and completion d th of task in today’s business environment have created temporal challenges for teams yj uy in the form of extremely short deadlines, complex and dynamic cooperation of task ip goals (e.g Hamm, 2006) These challenges require careful management of temporal la lu (time) resources in teams (Lientz & Rea, 2001), making time become arelevance an research issues Despite its importance, research on time, especially time in the va n deadline condition of team has been spare and inconsistent (Mohammed & fu Nadkarni, 2011) To answer the calle of the need to give understanding on this m ll oi issue, an increasing number of researchers have been conducted on temporal at nh perspective (e.g Ancona et al., 2001; Waller, 1998; Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999) In term of team temporal leadership, Mohammed and Nadkarni (2011)find out team z z temporal leadership has a positive impact on team performance However, their vb k jm ht research just focuses on groups in one a technology company, which is not diverse enough to represent work forces in general In addition, they also yet to find out if gm the role of team temporal leadership on team performance can be effected by any om l.c moderator Derived from the notion that leaders can affect circumstances and circumstances can affect leaders in reverse, the author set out hypotheses that an Lu temporal leadership can be affected by their follower’s individual differences, which are time urgency(feeling chronically hurried [Landy et al, 1991]) and future n va time perspective(cognitive temporal bias toward being future oriented [Zimbardo & re y te Boyd, 1999]) Vietnam is a fast developing country; with an average of GPD growth from 2000 to 2010 was more than % per year (tradingeconomy.com) The economic (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance developing creates the need of change in leadership not only at individual level but to also at group level tocoordinate member adapting with the sophisticate of tasks tn gh Despite the important of leadership in group and it moderators, which has been an p ie interesting subject to researchers in developed countries, a comprehensive investigation on group level with Vietnamese work force has been spare.Answering n w this call, I investigate the moderating role of time urgency, future perspective on the a lo relationship between team temporal leadership and team performance d th yj 1.2 Research’s Objectives uy ip This study examines the relationship between team temporal leadership and la lu team performance It also analyses the moderating role of individual time urgency an and time perspective on this relationship The questions below will be answer n va accordingly: fu oi m ll Question 1:How team temporal leadership affects team performance? temporal leadership and team performance? at nh Question 2: How individual time urgency affects the relationship between team z z k jm ht team temporal leadership and team performance? vb Question 3: How individual future time perspective affects the relationship between gm Last but not least, this paper also wants to test if there is a difference on team om l.c performance between some main demographic (gender, age, and education) groups The literature review will define these concepts and reveal relevance researches on an Lu these issues The quantitative research will be conducted to answer these questions n va 1.3 Research’s Scope and Approach re y te 1.3.1 Research’s Scope (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance (Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance(Luận.văn).the.moderating.role.of.time.urgency.and.future.time.perspective.on.the.relationship.between.team.temporal.leadership.and.team.performance 58 In Model Weak TU, table 4.18, value of sig =0.220 >0.05, this mean that to with people who has low time urgency, team temporal leadership does not clearly tn gh impact on performance p ie Table 4.19: Statistics of Relationship between TL and TP (moderator TU) Coefficientsa w n Standardized a lo B d Model th (Constant) TU TL yj Strong Std Error ip (Constant) 362 653 072 2.714 371 456 071 la a Dependent Variable: TP 658 548 Sig 4.574 000 9.122 000 7.315 000 6.418 000 an lu TL t Beta 1.654 uy Weak TU Coefficients Unstandardized Coefficients va n The regression result of the relationship between team temporal leadership and fu m ll team performance between strong TU group and weak TU group onceagain confirm oi the moderating role of time urgency on the effect of team temporal leadership on at nh team performance z z b The Moderating Role of Future Time Perspective on The Relationship vb k jm ht between Team Temporal Leadership and Team Performance Table 4.20 show that the effect of team temporal leadership (TL) on team gm performance (TP) among high future time perspective (strong FC) individuals om l.c (Adjusted R2=0.293, sig