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ĐỀ LUYỆN HỌC SINH GIỎI (4) SECTION B: PHONETICS (10 points) Part I Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest (5 points) A idiot A dreadful B idea B dream C idol C dreamily D ideal D dreamer A stopped B needed C sacked D missed A tough B.enough C thorough D much A deafening B frightening C happening D threatening Part II Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from the others in the group (5 points) A arrival A computer A luxury B reception B dependence B cosmetics A prescription B assassinate A romantic B popular C prestigious C horizon C protection C Accuracy C financial D literal D obvious D investment D Ambiguous D reduction SECTION C : VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR (80 points) Part I Choose the word, phrase or expression which best completes each sentence (20 points) Millie’s father accused her of _ A trying not hard enough B trying not hard enough C not trying hard enough D trying not enough hard The public library _ to all readers who are interested in reading and doing research A is opening B is open C is opened D is being opened I bought some new shoes They felt a bit strange _ because I wasn’t used to them A first B at first C firstly D first of all I quickly packed my new belongings and spent _ money I had on a one-way ticket home A little B a little C the little D a little of She believes that all countries should _ the death penalty as it is inhumane A put down to B catch up on C get down to D away with Keep your ticket _ you have to show it to an inspector A if B in case C unless D supposing He always _ aside some time every day to read to his children A sets B leaves C spares D lets For the past few months she’s been as a street _ selling fruit and vegetable A dealer B trader C pusher D vendor I use weed-killer to _ the weeds in the garden A get rid of B get out of C get away with D get in the way with 10 If there is new evidence that proves his innocence, it is likely that the authorities will _ him from jail A release B relieve C remove D rehabilitate 11 The defendant’s lawyer wasn’t very good and he was found _ by the jury A faulty B mistaken C guilty D sinful 12 The dish was so tasty that I asked for second _ A helping B portion C ration D share 13 I’m amazed that this game ever _- it is so silly! A took in B caught on C took up D caught by 14 “I’m sure the Whitleys were involved.” - “They _ have since they know nothing about the business.” A can’t B wouldn’t C shouldn’t D mustn’t 15 “Candy’s an excellent pianist, isn’t she?” – “She _to win the prize if she plays this well during the competition.” A is due B is bound C is about D is set 16 His friends offered to the next time he was in town so that he wouldn’t have to pay for a hotel A place him in B put him up C back him up D turn him out 17 Susan became so tired of city life that she decided to buy a piece of land _ A out of the ordinary B as the crow flies C far and away D in the middle of nowhere 18 My mind went _ when the official asked me my phone number- I couldn’t remember it at all A empty B clear C blank D vacant 19 During their first date, Jane had nervously peppered the conversation with _ talk A unimportant B tiny C small D trivial 20 We go _ in the office, but the odd rule gets broken from time to time A by the book B for a song C astray D in phrases Part II Give the correct form of words in brackets to complete the following sentences (20 points) Earth Hour is a event organized to raise people’s awareness about the need to take action on climate change (WORLD) Family plays an important role in establishing children’s …………… (ESTEEM) This organization is very concerned about the…… of the rain forests (DESTROY) In Western countries, electricity, gas, and water are not luxuries but (NECESSARY) Two…… from the group “Friends of the Earth" are talking to the students (REPRESENT) Most of these students are interested in pursuing ……………………studies for bachalor’s degrees (GRADUATION) The judge told him it was to drink and drive, and banned him for a year (RESPONSIBLE) The keys were locked inside the car , a side window was open (LUCKY) Three firms are in .for the same contract.(COMPETE) 10 It is forbidden to hunt for that kind of bird It has been listed as one of the .species (DANGER Part III There is one incorrect word in terms of spelling, grammar or usage in each line of the following passage Indicate and correct it.(10 points) Australia was settled by Europeans in 1788, mainly to home criminals, but with a little independent farmers and businessmen The settlements were not wealthy, and there was little help available to them in need: the poor, the sick, the unemploy, and the aged To begin with, what little help was availably came in the form of charity: donations of money, acommodation or medical treatment to selected needy A second approach that began to emerge in the last nineteenth century was that of “universalism” It stresses that all people in society should be entitle to certain benefits-up to a minimum level and across a restricted range of services This approach was eventually used to arguing for the introduction of a pension for the aged poor Line Line Line Line Line Line Line Line Line Line 10 Part IV Give the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets (20 points) “You were late for your dental appointment.” “I know I (not/ stay) so long at the library.” It is necessary that everyone (be) calm in times of danger If you want to see us, come to Tom’s on Sunday We (wait) for you there at midday It was a fine day and the roads were crowded because a lot of people (rush) to the seaside Those were the highest words of praise they ever (hear) from the old man Our little children enjoy (take) to the water park every Sunday I don’t feel good I (stay) home from work tomorrow It won’t be safe to use these stairs until they (repair) The city is now crowded with the people who (seek) employment 10 The old man is said (leave) all his money to an old people’s home when he died Part V Fill in each blank with a suitable PREPOSITION or PARTICLE (10 points) 1.The fashion designer has exercised good ……….in her use of various collors and patterns I am astonished the way my students can spend all night at the disco and still remember their prepositions next morning Is it possible to insure yourself nuclear attack? At school today, we had a long discussion _ the best way to learn a foreign language “How can I discourage my boyfriend _ trying to kiss me all the time?” “Eat plenty of garlic.” Raise the gun to your shoulder, aim _ the target, and try not to kill anyone Small children should be watched carefully Would you give up your country cottage a town flat? He’ll inherit the money when he comes age 10 The performance on the first night came pretty SECTION D: READING COMPREHENSION (40 POINTS) Part I Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space Use only ONE word in each space (20 pts Like any other universities, the Open University can give you a degree However, you don’t have to (1)………….working to study It can also open up a whole variety (2)…………………… interest if you have (3)…………… studied before, you will enjoy the special, new pleasure of (4)………………….your knowledge You will make friends(5) …………….kind.You may also (6)…………………… that your qualification provides new career opportunities You don’t actually (7)………… to the Open University for lecturers, but study at home, using television, radio and computer software You can (8)………………… one class a month if you wish at an Open Universirycentre Of course, there are exams to take, as in (9) ……………… university If you would like to know more , all you have to is (10) …………………… the form below It could be the start of a wonderful new period in your life Part II Choose the best word A, B, C or D to fill in spaces in the following passage (10 points) PROBLEMS OF WATCHING TELEVISION IN BRITAIN British parents are always complaining that their children spend too much time gluing to the telly and not enough (1) other activities like sports and reading A survey recently carried out on people’s viewing habits (2) not disapprove it It shows that young people in Britain spend on (3) twenty three hours a week in front of the television, (4) works out at over three hours every day What is surprising, however, is the fact that the average adult watches even more: an incredible 28 hours a week We seem to have become a nation of telly addicts Just about (5) household in the country has a television and over half have two or more According (6) the survey, people nowadays don’t just watch television sitting in their living room, they watch it in the kitchen and in bed as well The Education Minister said a (7) weeks ago that Britain’s pupils should spend more time reading Unfortunately, parents are not setting a good example: adults (8) reading than young people In fact, reading is (9) the bottom of their list of favorite pastimes They would(10) listen to the radio, go to the cinema or hire a video to watch on their television at home A at B on C for D in A does B C is D has A time B Sunday C weekend D average A which B what A none B neither A for B to A lot B little C who D where C every D all C with C number D on D few A more B better A on B to 10 had better B prefer C less D most C at C like D in D rather Part III Read the following passage and choose the correct answer (10 points) Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the effects of extreme heat One adaptation is to be light in color, and to reflect rather than absorb the Sun's rays Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a constant body temperature Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant's gazelles The overheated body then cools down during the cold desert night, and indeed the temperature may fall unusually low by dawn, as low as 34 degrees Celsius in the camel This is an advantage since the heat of the first few hours of daylight is absorbed in warming up the body, and an excessive build-up of heat does not begin until well into the day Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for non-adapted animals The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish this water loss at one drink Desert animals can drink prodigious volumes in a short time, and camels have been known to imbibe over 100 liters in a few minutes A very dehydrated person, on the other hand, cannot drink enough water to rehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals not have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse and far-flung pastures Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated, it is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst What is the main topic of the passage? A Weather variations in the desert C Diseased of desert animals B Adaptations of desert animals D Human use of desert animals According to the passage, why is light coloring an advantage to large desert animals? A It helps them hide from predators B It does not absorb sunlight as much as dark colors C It helps them see their young at night D It keeps them cool at night The word "maintaining" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to A measuring B inheriting C preserving D delaying The author uses of Grant's gazelle as an example of A an animal with a low average temperature B an animal that is not as well adapted as the camel C a desert animal that can withstand high body temperatures D a desert animal with a constant body temperature When is the internal temperature of a large desert mammal lower? A Just before sunrise B In the middle of the day C Just after sunset D Just after drinking The word "tolerate" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to A endure B replace C compensate D reduce What causes water intoxication? A Drinking too much water very quickly B Drinking polluted water C Bacteria in water What does the author imply about desert-adapted mammals? A They not need to eat much food B They can eat large quantities quickly D Lack of water C They easily lose their appetites D They can travel long distances looking for food Why does the author mention humans in the second paragraph? A To show how they use camels B To contrast them to desert mammals C To give instructions about desert survival D To show how they have adapted to desert life 10 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an adaptation of large desert animals? A Variation in body temperatures B Eating while dehydrated C Drinking water quickly D Being active at night SECTION E WRITING (50 points) Part I Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it (10 points) 1.Just thinking about his face at that moment makes me laugh The very The boys clearly intended to make trouble when they entered the hotel The boys were _ He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk No sooner The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book immediately So _ The value of these goods has fallen considerably in the past week There has _ Part II Rewrite each of the following sentences so that it means exactly the same as the given one Using the given words in backets Do not change the word (10 points) I offered to help her but she said “No, thanks” (turned) She _ I don’t feel like going to the party (mood) I Don’t conclude that learning English is easy (come) Don’t _ The new manager blames me for every thing that goes wrong (picking) The new _ 5.He is different from his brother in almost aspects (bears) He Part III Writing a paragraph (30 points) Becoming independent is one of the most important life skills What should we to develop this skill?(In 180-200 words) ĐỀ LUYỆN HSG B PHONETICS Part I Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from the others in the group A appliance B activity C adventure D average A favorite B government C influence D identify A economic B volcanic C.disappointed D scientific A reputation B description C suggestion D pollution A magazine B eliminated C understand D entertain Part II Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest A socialize B contact C background D formality A prolong B contact C conscious D common A African B Japanese C partner A signal B sign C colleague D regard 10 A cloth B trustworthy C clothing D brother D Canada C LEXICO AND GRAMMAR Part I Choose the word, phrase or expression that best completes each sentence 1.I couldn’ttellwhattimeitwasbecauseworkmen hadremovedthe oftheclock A.hands D.fingers B.pointers C.arms 2.Attheendofthewinter,thepriceofwinterclothesintheshopusually A.reduces B.lowers C.sinks D.drops On the telephone: “ I have an appointment with Richard Jones at 2.15, but I’m afraid ” A I’m running a bit late B I’m not at time 4.“Ican’trememberusever A.tomeetB.tohavemeet C I’m on time D I’m out of time ”repliedthestranger C.beingmet D.havingmet After the quarrel , we kissed and A made up B looked up C cleared up 6.TheprimeMinistermadeno A.reference D put up totheincidentinhisspeech B.mention C.impression D.gesture Drinking water _ excessive amounts of fluorides may leave a stained or mottled effect on the enamel of teeth A containing B in which containing C contains 8.Sheshouldhavebeenherebutshe’s A.gonedownwith 9.Myfatheroftendoes A.finances 10 D that contain aterriblecough B.gonethroughwith C.comefor D.comeupagainst withpeoplefromothercountriesintheregion B.business fordirectormusthavesurprisedyou C.affairs D.economy A.Younominated B.You’rebeingnominated C.Yourbeingnominated D.Yournominating 11.Althoughhewascompletely asafurniture-maker,heproducedthemostbeautifulchairs A.unable B.uneducated C.incapable D.untrained 12 If you can win his attention _ for you A the so much betterB the better so muchC so much the betterD so the much better 13 The President resigned; the whiff of scandal remained A OtherwiseB thereforeC immediatelyD nevertheless 14 Which agency you work for? A ads B advertised C advertisingD advertisement 15 Van Gogh suffered from depression by overwork and ill-health A brought onB coming about C taken upD put through 16 _you get used to the job, it won’t seem too bad A.Once B.While C.Since D As Choose the word that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following sentences 17 You should pat yourself on the back for having achieved such a high score in the graduation exam A.praise yourself B criticize yourself C.check up your back D wear a backpack 18.It is not a pleasant feeling to discover you’ve been taken for a ride by a close friend A.driven away C.given a lift B deceived deliberately D treated with sincerity Choose the word that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following sentences 19 Doctors have been criticized for their indiscriminate use of antibiotics A disciplined B selective C wholesale D unconscious 20 Slavery was abolished in the US in the 19th century A instituted B eradicated C eliminated D required Part II Give the correct form of words in brackets to complete the following sentences (10 points) (ADAPT) to a new environment is a difficult thing for old people Police asked (PASS) if they had seen the accident happen 3.How much does _ of this club cost? 4.She is extremely _ about the history of art (MEMBER) (KNOW) They frequently (MOBILE) _ the traffic as they march through the streets 6.Traveling in big cities is becoming more and more _ every day (TROUBLE) He fought the illness with courage and (DETERMINE) She seems (REASON) happy in her new job 9 Can we (ARRANGE) _the meeting for next Monday at 7? 10 If you weren’t so (ACT) _, you wouldn’t be so fat! Part III There are 10 mistakes in the passage Find and correct them (10 points) There are numerous reason behind the choice of clothing we make, ranging from the practice to the bizarre, but in every likelihood humans began wearing clothes in order to shield themselves of the elements ‘The Iceman’, found mummifying in the ice of a glacier on the Italian-Austrian border in 1991, was still clad with remarkably well-preserved garments which would obviously have protected him from the rain and cold five thousand years ago The clothing worn by people living in warmer climates further illustrates this basic function of clothing In hot, dry desert regions, people tend to wear cool, flowing materials which cover much of body, including the head This helps keep them cool during the heat of the day and helps to keep the wearer warm at night when temperatures increase dramatically On the other hand, many peoples living in tropical regions, with their constant high temperatures and humidity, are sparse clothed Not all clothing is functional, moreover, and at different times throughout history people, especially women, have worn clothes which are impractical – restricting the wearer’s movements and in some cases cause physical discomfort Examples of such restrictive clothing can be seen in the hooped and corseted gowns worn by wealthy women in the 18th century, and in the opulent, heavy robes traditionally worn by royalties Such customs send a clear message that the wearer does not need to work but occupies a position in society that others can be commanded to work for them Example: reason → reasons Part IV Fill in each blank with a suitable PREPOSITION or PARTICLE (10 points) I know experience that I my best work early in the morning I am astonished the way my students can spend all night at the disco and still remember their prepositions next morning Is it possible to insure yourself nuclear attack? At school today, we had a long discussion _ the best way to learn a foreign language “How can I discourage my boyfriend _ trying to kiss me all the time?” “Eat plenty of garlic.” Raise the gun to your shoulder, aim _ the target, and try not to kill anyone Small children should be watched carefully Would you give up your country cottage a town flat? He’ll inherit the money when he comes age 10 The performance on the first night came pretty Part V.Use the correct tenses or forms of the given words(10pts) Ask hundreds of people what they (1) (do) on a certain day in August next year, or the year after, and there (2) _ (be) only one reply Provided of course that the people you (3) _ (ask) (4) (belong) to the Elvis Presley Fin Club Although the King of Rock and Roll (5) _ (die) nearly two decades ago, his fans (6) _ (meet) every year since then outside his home in Memphis, Tennessee, (7) _ (show) their respect for the singer they (8) _ (love) so much Fans like Jean Thomas, from Catford in South London Jean has visited Gracelands, the house where Elvis (9) (suffer) his fatal heart attack, twice in the past five years “The first time I borrowed the money from my Mum, as I wasn’t working then But two years ago I got married and since then I have been working in my husband Chris’s garage Chris and I went together last year, and we (10) (think) of spending two or three months in the USA next year I have always wanted to visit some of the places where Elvis performed Like Las Vegas for example.” D READING COMPREHENSION Part I Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space Use only ONE word in each space “Nobody plans to fail, they simply fail to plan.” Nowhere is this truer (1) in the arena of public speaking The classic format for any talk (2) a beginning, a middle and an end Think about how long you want the talk to (3) and plan the content of the talk to fit the right amount of time Also, think about your audience: make sure your approach to the subject of your talk is (4) too complex nor too simple for them If you are going to use prompts, small cards are quite good (5) they can be discreet and relatively unnoticeable compared (6) large sheets of paper Wherever possible, make sure you know the venue of your talk and (7) that people can see you and any slides or diagrams you might be using to support your points When (8) to a large group, try to keep very (9) to the front row as this creates a feeling of togetherness Some of (10) best comedians use this closeness to encourage a feeling of secrecy, telling you things as a stage whisper in order to build this intimacy Part II Choose the best word A, B, C or D to fill in spaces in the following passage You've (1) heard someone say that the reason you caught a cold was that you were 'run down' People generally accept that if you are (2) _ pressure or run down you are more likely to get ill But is this really true (3) _ is it just an old wives' tale? The problem with old sayings like this is that it's often difficult to (4) _ whether they are true or not For example, if you ask people with colds whether they are feeling run down, they are (5) _ certain to say yes People without colds are more likely to say no So, how you (6) _ if it's the cold that is making them (7) _ run down or the fact that they are run down that is making them more likely to catch a cold? Now it seems there is a scientific answer to this question And answer is yes - if you are run down or under stress, you are more likely to catch a cold Scientists at the Common Cold Research Centre ran a series of tests They got volunteers without colds to attend the centre, where they were first given a questionnaire to complete The questions measured the (8) _ of stress each volunteer was under The volunteers were then deliberately infected with a cold virus and left to see whether they developed a cold After many people had been tested, the researchers looked for a (9) _ between the measured stress level and the chances of catching a cold They found that the higher the stress, the more likely the person was to catch a cold At the moment it is not known why stress makes someone more likely to become ill, but now (10) _ the link has been found, researchers might be able to investigate further They may even find different ways of combating disease A perhaps B maybe C possibly D probably A under B behind C at D above A and B or C but D so A show B express C state A nearly B mostly C almost D surely A tell B speak C say D suggest A be B feel C become D get A amount B number A combination B joint C link D relation 10 A that B when C because D as D prove C mass D heap Part III Read the following passage and choose the correct answer (20 points) We are descendants of the ice age Periods of glaciation have spanned the whole of human existence for the past million years The rapid melting of the continental glaciers at the end of the last ice age spurred one of the most dramatic climate changes in the history of the planet During this interglacial time, people were caught up in a cataclysm of human accomplishment, including the development of agriculture and animal husbandry Over the past few thousand years, the Earth’s climate has been extraordinarily beneficial,and humans have prospered exceedingly well under a benign atmosphere Ice ages have dramatically affected life on Earth almost from the very beginning It is even possible that life itself significantly changed the climate All living organisms pull carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and eventually store it in sedimentary rocks within the Earth’s crust If too much carbon dioxide is lost, too much heat escapes out into the atmosphere This can cause the Earth too cool enough for glacial ice to spread across the land In general the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been equalized by the input of carbon dioxide from such events as volcanic eruptions Man, however, is upsetting the equation by burning fossil fuels and destroying tropical rain forests, both of which release stored carbon dioxide Thisenergizes the greenhouse effect and causes the Earth to warm If the warming is significant enough,the polar ice caps eventually melt The polar ice caps drive the atmospheric and oceanic circulation systems Should the ice caps melt, warm tropical waters could circle the globe and make this a very warm, inhospitableplanet Over the past century, the global sea level has apparently risen upwards of inches, mainly because of the melting of glacial ice If present warming trends continue, the seas could rise as much as feet by the next century This could flood coastal cities and fertile river deltas, where half the human population lives Delicate wetlands, where many marine species breed, also would be reclaimed by the sea In addition, more frequent and severe storms would batter coastal areas, adding to the disaster of the higher seas The continued melting of the great ice sheets in polar regions could cause massive amounts of ice to crash into the ocean This would further raise the sea level and release more ice, which could more than double the area of sea ice and increase correspondingly the amount of sunlight reflected back into space The cycle would then be complete as this could cause global temperatures to drop enough to initiate another ice age Question According to the passage, carbon dioxide is stored in each of the following EXCEPT A polar ice caps.B sedimentary rocks.C rain forests.D fossil fuel Question What does the final paragraph of the passage mainly discuss? A The relationship between the ocean and the sun B The amount of sunlight reflected into space C A rise in global temperatures D The conditions that could lead to an ice age Question 3.Which of the following does the author NOT mention as a consequence of a large rise in global sea level? A The destruction of wetlandsB The flooding of citiesC A more diverse marine populationD Severe storms Question According to the passage, what is the relationship between carbon dioxide and the Earth’sclimate? A Carbon dioxide, which is trapped in glacial ice, is released when warm temperatures cause the ice melt B The greenhouse effect, which leads to the warming of the climate, is result of too much carbon stored in the Earth’s crust C Rain causes carbon dioxide to be washed out of the atmosphere and into the ocean D An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide results in the warming of the climate Question The word "beneficial"in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to A calm B inviting C thoughtful D favorable C dense D thick Question The word "massive"can be replaced to A wide B huge Question It can be inferred from the passage that the development of agriculture A preceded the development of animal husbandry.B withstood vast changes in the Earth’s climate C did not take place during an ice age.D was unaffected by the greenhouse effect Question The word “this”in the third paragraph refers to A man’s upsetting the equation B the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide C a volcanic eruption D the melting of the polar ice caps Question The word “inhospitable”is closest in meaning to A imperfect B uninhabitable C unlikable D cruel Question 10 What is the main topic of the passage? A The possibility that the popular ice caps will meltB The coming of another ice age C Man’s effect on the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphereD The climate of the Earth over the years E WRITING (50 points) Part I Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it 1.In the briefcase you will find a map, a file and a calculator →The briefcase _ 2.I think the last time I saw you was at Diane's house-warming →I don't think 3.They will not announce the decision formally →No formal _ 4.Are you sure that jacket is the right size for you? →Does the jacket _ There may be some delay in obtaining the permit →Perhaps there _ Part II Rewrite each of the following sentences so that it means the same as the given one, using the given words in brackets Do not change the word You should think about the price before you decide whether to buy it or not (consideration) →………………………………………………………………………………………… I would like to express my thanks for everything you have done for me (thankful) →………………………………………………………………………………………… Twenty years ago this region produced twice as much coal as it does now.(halved) →………………………………………………………………………………………… The prime minister in unlikely to call an early general election (likelihood) →………………………………………………………………………………………… The policeman acted quickly and averted an accident (prompt) Part III Violence among school students seems to be increasing Write an essay of 200-250 words to suggest what should be done to help solve this problem