6 word form

PART 6: WORD FORMATIONS THEORY Ví trí, chức dấu hiệu nhận biết từ loại DANH TỪ(NOUN) Vị trí danh từ câu Chủ ngữ câu (đầu cầu, đầu mệnh đề) 2.Sau tính từ (good, beautiful ), Sau tính từ sở hữu (my, your, his, her, ) Cụm danh từ: a/ an the + (adv) + adj + N Làm tân ngữ, sau động từ Maths is the subject I like best She is a good teacher His father works in hospital I like English We are students He didn't have enough money to buy that car She is a teacher This book is an interesting book I have a little money to go to the movie Thanh is good at literature Sau "enough" (enough +N) Sau mạo từ (a, an, the) Đại từ định (this, that, these, those); Lượng từ (each, no, any, a few, a little, ) Sau giới từ: in, on, of, with, under, at Dấu hiệu nhận biết danh từ -ion (distribution), -ment (development), -er (teacher) , -or (actor), -ant (accountant), -age (marriage), -ship (friendship), -sm (enthusiasm), -ity (ability), -ness (happiness), -dom (freedom), -ist (terrorist), -ian (physician), -hood (childhood), -ance (importance), -ence (dependence), -ety (society), -ty (honesty) TÍNH TỪ(ADJECTIVE) Vị trí tính từ câu Trước danh từ: (a/an/the) + (adv) + adj + N My Tam is a famous singer Sau động từ liên kết: be/ seem/ appear/ feel/ Tom seems tired now taste/ look/ keep/get/ keep/ make (sb) + adj The homework keeps me busy all the time Sau "too": S+ be/ seem/look + too +adj Coffee seems too hot for me to drink Trước “enough": S + be + adj + enough She is tall enough to play volleyball Trong cấu trúc: so + adj + that The weather was so bad that we decided to stay at home Dùng dạng so sánh Meat is more expensive than fish Dùng câu cảm thán: How intelligent she is! How + adj +S+V! What a beautiful girl! What + (a/an) + adj +N! Dấu hiệu nhận biết tính từ -ful (helpful), -less (homeless), -ly (friendly), -al (national), -ble (acceptable), -ive (active), ous (famous), -ish (selfish), -y (foggy), -like (childlike), -ic (scientific), -ed (bored), -ing (interesting), -ary (necessary), -ant (important), -ent (different) TRẠNG TỪ Vị trí trạng từ câu Trước động từ thường trợ động từ They seldom get up early in the morning động từ thường (đặc biệt trạng từ I have recently finished my homework tần suất: always, usually, ) I don't usually go to school late Trước tính từ: be/ feel/look + adv + adj She is very nice He looks extremely unwell Sau "too": V(thường) + too + adv ! The teacher speaks too quickly Trước "enough": V(thường) + adv + The teacher speaks slowly enough for us to enough understand Trong cấu trúc : V(thường) + so + adv + Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident that Đứng cuối câu (trạng từ thời gian) I finished my essay last week Thường đứng đầu câu/ câu Last summer I came back my home country cách thành phần khác câu dấu Its raining hard Tom, however, goes to “,” school Dấu hiệu nhận biết trạng từ: Adv = adj + ly (beautifully, usefully, carefully, strongly, badly) Ngoại lệ: Một số từ có “ly” tính từ: daily: hàng ngày, early: sớm; elderly: già, lớn tuổi; friendly: thân thiện, likely: có khả xảy ra; costly = đắt đỏ; lively = sinh động, lonely lẻ loi, lovely = đáng yêu, manly = nam tính; silly = ngớ ngẩn; ugly = xấu xí; unlikely: khơng có khả xảy ra; monthly: hàng tháng; weekly: hàng tuần, brotherly = anh em; comely = duyên dáng; goodly = có duyên; homely =giản dị, lowly = hèn mọn, masterly = tài giỏi; scholarly uyên bác; shapely = dáng đẹp, timely = lúc; unseemly = khơng phù hợp ĐỘNG TỪ Vị trí trạng từ câu Thường đứng sau chủ ngữ Lam Anh plays volleyball everyday Đứng sau trạng từ tần suất I usually get up late Dấu hiệu nhận biết động từ -ate (compensate), -ain (maintain); -flect (reflect), -flict (inflict); -spect (respect), -scrib (describe), -ceive (deceive), -fy (modify), -isel-ize (realize), -ude (include), -ide (devide), dus (evade), -tend (extend), PRACTICE TEST 1 A portion of the proceeds will be for providing school fees for poor children for the coming academic year (mark) The administration ropes in all educational institutions, government offices, public sector and universities for the purpose of mobilising funds (take) Contraception is less or affordable in South America (cure) Both toxic and potentials are properties of all drugs (cure) While learning has changed for students in this new century, we are by the boundless opportunity presented in our lifetime (bold) It does not become an economic but it does become a ‘newly industrialized country’, like Malaysia, Taiwan and South Korea (power) We believe that the most effective enforcement tool is self-policing and (strain) It is possible to humanely raise and slaughter a variety of food animals, including poultry and beef cattle (range) Most of this feature includes behind-the-scenes video of the crew working and goofing off (foot) 10 Together they forged a(n) intellectual climate that has profoundly shaped my career (vigor) 11 We will investigate the tradeoffs among data , data hiding capacity, and probabilities of extraction errors in different applications (perceive) 12 This is a(n) thriller that promises to deliver (page) 13 Death, from this perspective, seems unproblematically universal, a simple, irreducible fact of our nature, the same across all societies and throughout time (yield) 14 Of course there is a(n) between such advantages of large cells and the disadvantages of slower cell multiplication (trade) 15 Today we look at claims that in Queensland, the regime that looks after the most vulnerable people, the infirm elderly, and adults, is failing (capacity) 16 Scholars have tried to make a case for , competitiveness, and selfishness as innate human trait (acquire) 17 The judge ruled that Newman's comments were not a(n) offense (act) 18 She was a very selfish, bad-tempered little girl (agree) 19 Before creating this sculpture, she studied all the masterpieces of classical (antique) 20 He claims that the laws are and have no contemporary relevance (antique) 21 I fretted and sweated as they stalked in and stared around with that , accusatory look of all cops everywhere (approve) 22 A good teacher can encourage creativity (art) 23 She's and knows how to get round her parents (art) 24 Most or totalitarian regimes are nonconstitutional (authority) 25 One encouraging feature of period-instrument performances in recent decades has been a growing concern with reliable and editions (authority) 26 It is essential that there is a(n) (author) use of the confidential information 27 He thought back to the days of his childhood (care) 28 They gave him a(n) assurance that he would not be hurt.(category) 29 They are taking measures to safeguard their forces from the effects of chemical weapons (caution) 30 Their greetings did not seem heartfelt (ceremony) 31 The full costume is only worn on important occasions (ceremony) 32 Utilitarian notions in the social sciences are not enough for even providing a(n) framework for grasping what actually happens (concept) 33 It once seemed to everyone that men should travel to the moon (conceive) 34 The procedure is in strict with standard international practices.(conform) 35 The present economic policy is a(n) of the earlier one (continue) 36 An historical awareness also imparts a sense of (continue) 37 Last month's elections saw a in power of the country's socialist party (continue) 38 It's very to find out that your own team members have been lying to you (courage) 39 Do you believe in the powers of the local mineral water? (cure) 40 She has an artist's eye (discriminate) 41 The government enacted laws to protect women from employment practices (discriminate) 42 Maria loved both the children There was never a hint of (favour) 43 They often are involved in the hiring and dismissal of employees but generally have no role in the of personnel policy (form) 44 An agreement on the of a new government was reached on June (form) 45 There are people who want to you and grind you down (humble) 46 The discussions reached a new level of and by lunchtime the exchanges were becoming very heated (intense) 47 and specialization in agriculture, especially in the vineyards, gave rise to commercial exchange and opportunity for profit and saving (intense) 48 Areas near the frontier were rough and in the old days (law) 49 It is for a teacher to inflict corporal punishment on pupils (law) 50 The relation of politics and economy is a of historical gradual progress (master) 51 A builder from South London, McAvoy was the of the robbery (master) 52 Photographs and that cover the walls and fill several display cases chronicle the foods this area is famous for (memory) 53 The three countries have signed a(n) pledging to work together (memory) 54 Olympic gold medalist Ekaterina Gordeeva is writing a(n) about her life with Sergei Grinkov, her late husband and figure-skating partner.(memory) 55 Her first defeat was an early lesson in (humble) 56 They cannot forget the they suffered at the hands of their oppressors (humble) 57 Sales have slowed down quite (mark) 58 To the untrained eye, the two flowers look similar (mark) 59 Always check the before you buy a secondhand car (mile) 60 The invention of the wheel was a(n) in the history of the world (mile) 61 One lapse in concentration could prove fatal (moment) 62 It was in Glasgow, however, that many events were taking place (moment) 63 Guy was greedy, , obsessed with power and self-gratification (moral) 64 Capital punishment was regarded as inhuman and (moral) 65 Since their interest in the past was primarily , precise knowledge of actual events and when they happened was not required (moral) 66 A couple of victories would improve the team's enormously (moral) 67 You become when things are not going your way and you can't really see a way out of it (moral) 68 To the audience's , the band suddenly stopped playing (mystical) 69 Electric-powered cars are still something of a(n) (novel) 70 Comparisons are simpler to make when data is presented in diagrammatic form and conclusions are easier to draw from it (number) 71 pictures have been deemed to contribute to a hostile environment (object) 72 Personal disinterest in a programme content will help your in assessing its potential for your public relations purposes (object) 73 To say that the (observe) of this custom or law is sacrilegious or illicit must be regarded as (error) 74 Recent developments in biology have made it possible to acquire more and more precise information concerning our genetic Scientists can even today identify a number of genetic disorders that may cause illness and disease (make) 75 Since 1990 the price of sugar has tended to fluctuate more wildly than any of the other four commodity groups, and has almost been the most expensive relative to 2002-2004 prices (vary) 76 A dozen international poverty and development organizations published a report last week on the impact of building new coal power plants in countries where a large percentage of the population lacks access to electricity The report’s conclusions are strikingly : on the whole, building coal power plants does little to help the poor, and often it can actually make them poorer (intuition) 77 The scandal surely the end of his political career (sign) 78 He gained for being difficult to work with as an actor (notorious) 79 Tre Transformer is quite intriguing It is one of the best movies of the year (doubt) 80 Her hip has been for quite a while, and she'll probably need surgery on it (trouble) 81 Her latest novel is a(n) thriller, set some time in the late 21st century (future) 82 The new policy only serves to the inadequacy of help for the homeless (accent) 83 Successful candidates will be required to an induction programme (take) 84 Radio also announced a new of Primo Levi’s short story collection The Periodic Table, starring Henry Goodman and introduced by Janet Suzman, to be broadcast in 12 episodes of varying lengths this spring (drama) 85 In the UK, the ratio of people of working age to people over 65 could fall from 3.7 to in 1999 to 2.1 to in 2040 This suggests a very big increase in the ratio and is consequently a cause for concern because with current spending pension commitments, it will place a higher burden on the shrinking working population (depend) 86 The UK government has already made tentative steps to raise the retirement age and increase the role of private sector pensions These policies will make an ageing population more (manage) 87 Ian Darkin of One Traveller, which specialises in offering holidays for mature single travellers, says: “The new generation of (retire) aren’t sitting at home knitting Their keenness to experience other countries and cultures is (diminish) with age.” 88 The UN Security Council unanimously adopted a(n) calling for a halt to hostilities (solve) 89 Environmental degradation is (character) as any change or aggravation to nature’s turf seen to be pernicious or (desire) 90 The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction describes environmental degradation as the of the limit of the earth to meet social and environmental destinations, and needs (less) 91 Humans have destroyed a tenth of Earth’s remaining in the last 25 years and there may be none left within a century if trends continue, according to an authoritative new study (wild) 92 Technology has been lauded as a way to free up time for us, yet the reality of an allconsuming medium often does the reverse New innovations bring with them a host of consequences, ranging from the troubling to the downright depressing Social media makes us lonely Too much screen-time makes teenagers fall behind their peers And at the more feeble end of the spectrum, many of us have walked into an obstacle while texting (intend) 93 Zombies are archetypal monsters from the bottom of the uncanny valley, with their dead eyes and faces (express) 94 The terrible scenes were indelibly on his mind (print) 95 Phyllis Schlafly, the conservative activist who helped defeat the Equal Rights Amendment in the 1970s, has died (speak) 96 The results poor hygiene as one cause of the outbreak (imply) 97 The country’s economic crisis had a(n) effect on world markets (settle) 98 The piece, which had been affected by centuries of and grime, was brought back its former glory by seven conservators from the museum's Hamilton Kerr Institute (colour) discolouration: bạc màu 99 The company has established total over its rivals (supreme) 100 Despite fighting between the government and SPLA rebels, citizens will be allowed (hinder) access to humanitarian aid via "tranquility corrid PRACTICE TEST With increasing numbers of people choosing to teach English as a foreign language, the need to gain a(n) (credit) qualification has never been more important A campaign is calling for the reversal of a decision to scrap A-level archaeology - saying it would cause _(revoke) harm to the development of future archaeologists Sir Adrian was a true gentleman He was (fail) polite to everyone he met within the business and was on first name terms with many of them, regardless of where they worked An eight-month inquiry by the all party group on (mind) found frontline public servants could be less likely to fall ill with stress, or quit altogether, if they engage in the increasingly popular meditation practice (absent) is an issue of growing concern among employers in the UK owing to changing legislation, but there is virtually no robust data on its direct or indirect costs A decision to allow (hear) evidence in disciplinary proceedings against a doctor linked to child abuse claims was (law) Slavoj Žižek was born in communist Yugoslavia in 1949, and received a thorough grounding in Marxism and the principles of (dialect) materialism Can you make up a(n) (four) for tennis tomorrow? These wonderful books (capsule) moments in history in truly unforgettable ways 10 Proposals to protect the right of mentally (capacity) people to be involved in important decisions about their life have been published by the government 11 Authorities in the US state of Michigan have charged a taxi driver with six counts of murder after he went on a random shooting spree on Saturday Jason Brian Dalton, 45, remained (express) as the charges were read in court on Monday 12 Around 40% of jobseekers have been without work for more than one year, the report says, running "significant risks of (moral), loss of self-esteem and mental health problems" demoralization: làm tinh thần 13 A former migrant has returned home to Senegal after becoming (heart) with life as an illegal migrant in Spain After six years, Babacar Dialor Faye never got his legal documents and had to live on (hand) from the Red Cross 14 Kids have become (sense) to violence Someone's been shot, and kids are playing up and down the streets on their bikes, because they're used to seeing it and that's also what you see in a war zone 15 Parents often favour one child over another and, at its worst, parental (favour) can be one of the most profound and damaging emotional dynamics a child ever encounters It can affect the rest of their lives 16 When Emma was widowed in 1879, she decided to leave her home in Koblenz, Germany, to start (new) in Glasgow, and settled in the city by 1881 17 Anti-terrorism police patrol units are to be introduced across London boroughs This tactic was endorsed by Lord Harris in his review of London's (prepare) for a terror attack, commissioned by the mayor 18 Reports of memory loss with long-term cannabis use are nothing new, and an influential paper published last year provided evidence that smoking marijuana has a(n) (delete) effect on intelligence 19 THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis and is what causes the subjective "high" This includes changes in (perceive) sensations, a feeling of (content) and increased appetite 20 Cyanide (toxic) is experienced by humans at doses of around 0.5–3.5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight 21 She has become increasingly (opinion) and verbalises her opinions forcefully without any insight into their effect on others 23 who want to fund the restoration of a derelict arts centre in Cheltenham have pleaded with other bidders to let it become community-run (benefit) 24 He was a bad influence on the child, who was at a(n) (impress) age 25 Membership talks were launched in 2005, but progress has been slow, as several EU states have serious about Turkish EU membership (give) 26 He has such great power and yet talked with such (humble) There aren’t many people in politics who are as charismatic as President Obama 27 For many people Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) is the most influential figure in the history of western classical music His extraordinary talent was already clearly evident as a young man, (mercy) surviving a somewhat unconventional upbringing during which his eccentric father would often force him to take music lessons in the middle of the night 28 How often have you seen rich people take to the stress, shouting that they are earning too much? Protesters are typically blue-collar workers yelling that the minimum page has to go up, or that their jobs should not go overseas Concern about (fair) is always (symmetry), stronger in the poor than the rich And the (lie) emotions are not as (loft) as the ideal itself Children become thoroughly (indignation) as the slightest discrepancy in, say, the size of their slice of pizza compared to their sibling’s 29 Many teachers expressed serious (give) about the new tests 30 The price of property in the city is (prohibit) 31 is an economic theory which states that a progressively greater level of consumption is beneficial to the consumers (consume) 32 If your credit card debt is mounting and yet you can't stop spending, you could be a (shop) 33 The number of people suffering from shopping addiction has (TAKE) the number of drug and drink addicts combined 34 Everyone has heard of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; few of his son Franz Xaver A new CD collection (title) The Other Mozart celebrates Franz's music - in all its haunting, (melancholy) innocence The 27 songs are brief slivers of ideas, (develop) shadows of what might have been, reaching a beautiful fulfillment in the later works But it is clear that the music never reaches the heights of his genius father Franz was the youngest of Mozart's children, and his mother's hopes and ambitions focused on him following the (mature) death of his father The very best teachers were automatically available to Franz's, who made his public debut as a singer, aged five The songs bring to light Franz's (piano) accomplishments; the piano parts are extremely demanding The songs hint at Franz's love for a woman; they speak time and again of unattainable love and (fulfil) longing (realist), however, the fact remains that this music, had it been written by a composure of any other name, would probably have remained buried in the archives 35 The region has several medium-sized towns and cities, but no major (urban) 36 When you're on a cross-country flight, it's tough to tolerate the crying of a baby (cease) 37 Our mind registers things which our conscious mind is not aware of (conscious) 38 They were now faced with seemingly technical problems (mount) 39 The report should distinguish clearly between fact, firm opinion and mere speculation (dispute) 40 They have become , with both sides refusing to compromise any further (reconcile) 41 Finland’s metalworkers' union chief Riku Aalto has criticised government proposals to alter nationwide labour conditions as and unprofessional (amateur) 42 His interpretation of the figures is far too (simple) 43 The organization insists that it is and does not identify with any one particular party (politics) 44 The new regulations will be for small businesses (burden) 45 Solon replies that birds like peacocks are in their beauty (compare) 46 It is to generalize from the results of a single experiment (advise) 47 Try not to to criticism (react) 48 He was confused and and I didn't get much sense out of him (cohere) 49 Gradually she began to notice one or two little in his character (perfect) 50 They’re concerned about the of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (build) 51 Karen has always felt by her famous elder sister (shadow) 52 An increasing number of tests are available for detecting foetal (normal) 53 He is currently standing trial for alleged (practice) 54 All points on a circle are (distant) from the centre 55 The worsening situation forced the company to (size) from 39 employees to 56 The new version of the program comes with a much better user (face) 57 Who will be the main of the cuts in income tax? (benefit) 58 The parents showed remarkable (bear) toward their defiant and unruly son 59 A(n) (mean/menace) has been committed but the offender has not been caught 60 I keep getting (contrary) advice - some people tell me to keep it warm and some tell me to put ice on it 61 He gazed at her with (smell) eyes, wishing she wasn't married 62 He had a(n) (rival) knowledge of south Arabian society, religion, law and customs 63 The ship is an exact (reply) of the original Golden Hind 64 (provide) and expression as well as musical accompaniment of the exercises plays a central role in the training programme of the Medau-Schule 65 Ariadne herself personifies the passively courageous, endlessly (resource), and (love) restorative element in every psyche 66 (brain) on creative tasks has been a major activity in the advertising business where it began in the 1930s 67 Abuses of the investigative process may (perceive) lead to abridgment of protected freedoms 68 Their contributions to science have earned them a(n) (last) place in history 69 She appeared on television to make a(n) (passion) plea for help 70 No one will raise moral psychology of the question of obesity, for fear of sounding (passion) and (reaction) 71 We should take a more (passion) view and consider the long-term effects of Briant's work 72 The solutions (compass) a wide range of options to suit all tastes and pockets 73 He was known to be a loud-mouthed, (opinion) bigot 74 The aim of the report is to (lucid) the main points of the new regulations 75 Some things are (alien) true: Water is wet, gra is green (kind of), dogs bark and houses prices rise 76 Jack tried to (one) for his rudeness by sending her some flowers 77 By 1980 the Republican Party platform had become antiabortion; and a president who pledged to (law) abortion altogether had been elected 78 Tootle seems to be essentially a(n) (caution) tale, warning the child to stay on the narrow road of virtue 79 The country's great influence in the world is (proportion) to its relatively small size 80 In the US, a school (intend) is in charge of the schools in a particular area 81 The demonstrators (brand) banners and shouted slogans 82 He has a(n) (can) knack of being able to see immediately where the problem lies 83 Mick was stubborn and (dominate) with a very bad temper 84 My profession had an important influence in the formation of my character and (temper) 85 The final whistle was greeted with (triumph) cheers from players and spectators 86 She has never traced back her (line), but believes her grandparents were from Aberdeenshire 87 She was a devout Catholic and, so far as I am aware, (assail/salient) morally 88 In the field of (diet), standards of practice have been developed for practitioners in the field 89 I am afraid I have quite a(n) (incline) to retire on a pension 90 A(n) (reach) and comprehensive strategy, carefully integrated with broader plans for health care reform, is required 91 They're making efforts to streamline their normally (cumber) bureaucracy 92 Trading can be characterized as a pure, (cumber) personal choice with an immediate outcome 93 He's (centre), (manipulate), insensitive; classic signs of a personality problem 94 Sometimes a sympathetic friend can be a constant source of discouragement, all (know) 95 Some say he was reborn as an undead god, others that he was simply a(n) spirit 96 This book is about people who claim to have (normal) abilities such as ESP and mind-reading 97 The refugees slept in (shift) tents at the side of the road 98 The inheritance of (mode) company structures from the past, reinforced by further concentration, produced very rigid company organisation 99 In the (mingle) of news and commercials we have a struggle of sorts between two different orientations 100 Two hijackers used fake explosives to _ (command) the airliner PRACTICE TEST A There are a myriad of lifestyle issues affecting the youth of today Such is the pressure heaped on many school-goers to achieve academic excellence by their parents that these _ (real) expectations are causing children to become hopelessly depressed Indeed, some, in their _ (despair) to escape and their sense of guilt at being unable reach the levels of success demanded of them by their _ (push) parents, either rebel in what is _ (amount) to a cry for help, or, worse still, engage in _ (harm) It is no coincidence that suicide rates, expecially amongst young males, have been rising steadily for some time now These are tough times to be a teen Then there are those who get hooked on the internet; the _ (virtue) world becomes their reality For these teens, their social circle shrinks _ (drama) until, at last, their friendship sphere is limited solely to their online _ (bud) Not alone they commonly suffer from sleep _ (private) on account of their destructive addiction to game play and net-surfing, their behaviour may become so 10 _ (err) and peculiar over time as to be considered 11 _ (social) And while they sit at their computer screens hidden away in splendid isolation from the real world, such is the lack of exercise they get that their calorie intake far exceeds what is necessary for them to maintain a stable weight In essence, due to their sedentary lifestyle, their weight 12 _ (rocket) until such time as they become morbidly obese B The standard of television programming produced in this country is in terminal decline The _ (shed) has become a meaningless term confined in its _ (apply) to _ (go) days when adult content felt the full force of censorship and was not allowed to appear on the box until after 9:00 p.m Nowadays, however, it seems anything goes any time And, truth told, whatever anything is, it seldom 'goes' for much longer than a half hour or so at any rate before it is interrupted by a commercial break And don't even get me started on those appalling _ (inform) most of the networks run right the way through the night, one after another, for up to thirty minutes at a time lt is truly painful Terrestrial television is now, as far as I am concerned, a laughing stock All the quality has been bought up by the satellite networks, with their big-money weight behind them, but even here _ (pick) are slim In protest at the dire state of things, I have become a converted _ (net) I look to the web now to find good content There, I can find just enough _ (run) of quality programmes to prevent myself from falling into utter despair and pining for the good old days of _ (year) C In January 2001, the _ (govern) Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued its latest report on climate change Climate models worked out by giant super-computers had become far more reliable since the previous report in 1995 and allowed them to _ (praise) the earlier projections for global warming Their conclusions were that something very serious is happening and that it cannot be a natural process The 1990s was the hottest decade for 1,000 years and the Earth is warming faster than at any time in the last 10,000 years According to the report, human activities are _ (equivocate) to blame for the temperature rise The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide and, due to deforestation, there are fewer trees to absorb this gas and recycle it back into oxygen Methane _ (concentrate) have also gone up dramatically because of increases in rice culture and _ (cattle), both of which generate methane from _ (compose) vegetation These greenhouses gases trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere and cause the temperature to rise In the worst case, the resulting melting of ice-caps and glaciers would cause sea levels to rise by up to 88 cm, endangering the homes and _ (lively) of tens of millions of people who live in low-lying regions Unfortunately, there is far greater _ (unanimous) among the world’s scientists over the issue than among politicians As long ago as 1990, the IPCC recommended a 60% reduction in carbon dioxide _ (emit), as the basic level required to return the planet’s climate to a healthy level Governments globally failed to 10 _ (act) these proposals Now that the dangers have been reaffirmed by the latest report, it is high time that governments took an active interest in exploring alternative, renewable energy sources D People intuitively recognize the importance of self-esteem to their psychological health, so it isn't particularly remarkable that most of us try to protect and enhance it in ourselves whenever possible What is remarkable is that attention to self-esteem has become a(n) _ (commune) concern, at least for Americans, who see a favorable opinion of oneself as the central psychological source from which all manner of positive outcomes spring The corollary, that low self-esteem lies at the root of individual and thus _ (society) problems and _ (function), has sustained an ambitious social agenda for decades Indeed, campaigns to raise people's sense of self-worth abound Consider what transpired in California in the late 1980s Prodded by State Assemblyman John Vasconcellos, Governor George Deukmejian set up a task force on self-esteem and personal and social responsibility Vasconcellos argued that raising selfesteem in young people would reduce crime, teen pregnancy, drug abuse, school _ (achieve) and pollution At one point, he even expressed the hope that these efforts would one day help balance the state budget, a prospect predicated on the observation that people with high _ (regard) earn more than others and thus pay more in taxes Along with its other activities, the task force assembled a team of scholars to survey the relevant literature The results appeared in a 1989 volume _ (title) The Social Importance of Self-Esteem, which stated that "many, if not most, of the major problems plaguing society have roots in the low self-esteem of many of the people who make up society." In reality, the report contained little to support that assertion