(Luận văn) households’ knowledge, attitude and practices in solid waste management a case of the coastal barangays in los baños, laguna, philippines

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY MARTINA P SUMADSAD HOUSEHOLDS’ KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: A CASE OF THE COASTAL BARANGAYS OF LOS BAÑOS, LAGUNA, PHILIPPINES n BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Major: Faculty: Batch: Full-time Environmental Science and Management International Programs Office 2014 - 2017 Thai Nguyen, 20/11/2017 DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student Name Martina P Sumadsad Student ID DTN1454290045 Thesis Title Supervisors Households’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practices in Solid Waste Management: A Case of the Coastal Barangays in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines Dr Carmelita Rebancos Assistant Prof Do Thi Ngoc Oanh Supervisor’s Signature n Abstract: Solid Waste Management (SWM) refers to the lessening and/or elimination of adverse environmental and health impacts of improper disposal and treatment of solid wastes Thus, the study used descriptive statistics and likert-scale to determine the households’ knowledge, attitude and practices in solid waste management in coastal barangays of Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines Among the randomly selected 148 respondents, the study therefore concluded that the respondents were highly knowledgeable in terms of solid waste management, having an average weighted mean of 4.36 Also, the respondents showed a positive attitude in relation to solid waste management, having an average weighted mean of 4.12 As for the practices of the respondents in terms of proper disposal of solid wastes, the study showed that, 84.46% practices proper disposal of solid wastes such as 3R, segregation, composting, feeding to animals and selling However, there were still 15.54% which does not practice proper disposal of solid waste such as dumping of wastes in any water system, burning, burying and depending on waste collectors Therefore, the study concluded that having high knowledge and positive attitude in solid waste management will be considered irrelevant if the people would still practice improper disposal of solid wastes, as the practices is what manifests in the environment Thus, driving forces (e.g use of RA 9003 and the penalties thereof) should be taken into consideration to oblige the residents to know and take into action their responsibilities in solid waste management Solid wastes, Solid Waste Management, Knowledge, Keywords: Attitude, Practices Number of Pages 82 Date of Submission November 20, 2017 ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I certify that this Special Problem Report is my own work and that any idea, technique, quotation or material from other sources, published or otherwise, are acknowledged in accordance with standard referencing practices Furthermore, I declare that this report or a significant part of it has not been submitted for the award of any other degree or diploma at other educational institutions n _ MARTINA P SUMADSAD iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I would like to thank God the Father for giving me strength and wisdom all throughout my study and to CCBCF family for the non-stop support and prayers I also would like to thank the Advance Education Program (AEP) of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF) for giving me the opportunity to conduct my study abroad, and to the Office of International Linkages (OIL) of University of the Philippines – Los Baños (UPLB) for accommodating me throughout my short term research in the Philippines To the government officials of Los Baños, and barangay officials of Baybayin, Bayog, Malinta, Mayondon and Tadlac for allowing me to conduct my study at their barangays and providing me all the help and tools I need to accomplish the objectives of my study Thank you Likewise, I would like to give my utmost gratitude to my research supervisors; to Dr Carmelita Rebancos for the “walang sawang” support and guidance from my thesis proposal until the final revisions of my manuscript, and to Dr Do Thi Ngoc n Oanh, for helping me until the last minutes of my manuscript revision, specifically to my statistical analyses Also, to my family (Ma, De, Leah, Lola Lila, Tita eva, Ate Jopay, Kuya Cocoy, Kuya Bex and family, Ate Tet and family) for the endless support financially and emotionally, also for helping me with my data gathering To Ate Chin and Ate Bea for being my secondary “strict” advisers throughout my writing In the same way, I would like to give thanks to all of my friends for the words of encouragements and motivations not just during my manuscript writing but all throughout my stay in the university Specifically, I would like to thank Colleene for being my library buddy, Katleen, Anne and Erika for being with me throughout the “bangag” days and Mishel, Kenneth and Carlo for sharing their knowledge with me Thank you so much And to my dearest Latrell Llanto, thank you for believing in my ability to successfully finish my research Thank you for spoiling me with all the stress relievers (foods), encouragements and inspirations iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv LIST OF FIGURES vi APPENDIX vi LIST OF TABLES vii PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study 1.2 Statement of the Problem 1.3 Significance of the Study 1.4 Objectives of the Study 1.5 Hypotheses of the Study 1.6 Limitations of the Study PART II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE n 2.1 Household Solid Wastes and its Effect on the Environment 2.2 Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries 2.3 People’s Knowledge, Attitude and Practices about Solid Wastes 2.4 Probable Solutions for Solid Waste Management Problems 11 2.5 Household Solid Waste Management in the Philippines 13 2.6 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 14 2.7 Solid Waste Management in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines 16 PART III METHODS AND DESIGN 21 3.1 Types of Data and Method of Data Collection 21 3.2 Selection of the Study Area 21 3.3 Selection of Respondents 23 3.4 Method of Analysis and Data Presentation 25 3.5 Conceptual Framework 29 PART IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 32 4.1 Results 32 4.1.1 Socio – Economic Characteristics of the 148 Respondents in Los Baños 32 4.1.2 Household Solid Wastes Produced in 148 Households in Los Baños 38 4.1.3 Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of the Selected Households Regarding Solid Waste Management 41 4.1.4 Correlation of the Households’ Knowledge, Attitude, Positive Practices, Income and Educational Attainment 48 4.2 Discussion 49 PART V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 53 5.1 Conclusion 53 5.2 Recommendations 54 REFERENCES 56 APPENDICES 59 v LIST OF FIGURES Figure Organization Structure of the Solid Waste Management Program in Los Baños 16 Figure Solid Waste Cycle in Los Baños 18 Figure Base Map of Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines 23 Figure Degree of Correlation 28 Figure Conceptual Framework for the Assessment of the Household’s Knowledge, Attitude and Practices in Solid Waste Management of the Selected Coastal Barangays in Los Baños 31 Figure Types of Solid Waste Generated in 148 households in Coastal Barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 39 Figure Estimation of Average kg/yr of Solid Waste Generated in 148 households in Coastal Barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 40 Figure Total percentage of the respondents practices of solid waste treatment in Coastal Barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 47 n Figure Total practices of wastes disposal of the 148 households in Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 48 APPENDIX Appendix A Questionnaire 59 Appendix B Preliminary Survey 63 Appendix C Socio-economic characteristics per barangay 64 Appendix D Types of solid wastes produced per barangay 67 Appendix E Level of knowledge per barangay 68 Appendix F Level of attitude per barangay 73 Appendix G Practices in household solid waste disposal per barangay 78 vi LIST OF TABLES Population, Household Number and Sample Size of the Coastal Barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 25 Table Frequency and percentage distribution of the socio-economic characteristics of the 148 respondents in Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 36 Table Socio-economic characteristics in relation to the 148 respondents’ knowledge, attitude and practices in coastal barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 37 Table Frequency and percentage distribution of the types of household solid wastes in coastal barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 39 Table Estimated average of solid wastes in a kg/week basis in 148 households in coastal barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 40 Table Level of Knowledge of the 148 respondents in coastal barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 42 Table Level of Attitude of the 148 respondents in coastal barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 44 Table Frequency and percentage of the respondents’ positive practices in coastal barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 46 Table Frequency and percentage of the respondents’ negative practices in coastal barangays of Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 46 n Table Table 10 Correlation of Knowledge, Attitude, Positive Practices, Income and Educational Attainment in Los Baños, Philippines, 2017 49 vii PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Solid wastes are any discarded or thrown out solid materials which may come from animal and human activities It can be classified based on contents, hazard potential or origin of waste Classification based on contents pertains to inclusion of materials like plastic, paper, metal, glass and organic waste, while, hazard potential includes toxic, non-toxic, radioactive, flammable or could spread infection On the other hand, origin of wastes refers to whether it is from industrial, domestic, construction, commercial or demolition (LeBlanc, 2016) Whether the wastes are classified through its contents, hazard potential or origin, a systematic management of solid waste is still demanded to guarantee n environmental hygiene With a purpose of maintaining a clean environment, this led to the formation of different programs, rules and regulations related to Solid Waste Management (SWM) (LeBlanc, 2016) Also, SWM refers to the lessening or elimination of the adverse environmental and human health impacts due to improper treatment of wastes It also includes the number of practices related to treatment of wastes such as monitoring, collection, transport, processing, recycling and disposal (LeBlanc, 2016) In the Philippines, like any other developing countries, waste management has been part of its primary problem for the past decades Generated wastes have increased significantly in the country especially to urban areas due to modernization, urbanization and accelerated population growth The inability of both local and national government on implementing proper waste management due to financial, human, and technical resources scarcity resulted to both environmental and health complications (Atienza, 2011) As mentioned above, increased production of wastes were experienced particularly to urban areas such as Los Baños, Laguna The said area encountered the challenges of implementing an effective SWM programs within the municipality Some of these challenges were urbanization, acceleration to the number of population, absence of discipline among the communities, etc which results to land and water pollution Thus, led to the strict implementation and manifestation of six Municipal Ordinances and one Memorandum Order related to Solid Waste Management (Perez, 2009) 1.2 Statement of the Problem n In the observation done in Los Baños, it was shown that as the population increases, so thus the wastes being generated in the Municipality (Rustia, 2001) In relation to the increased generation of wastes, as of 1980 to 2001, the vicinity of Los Baños experienced smog due to burning of wastes; wastes were unorganized and mixed at the dumpsite; and wastes were dispersed on the streets, having that 33 – 35 tons of wastes were produced per day and one of the major contributors to these wastes generation were the households In Mayor Caesar Perez’s report about Local Ecological Governance, he stated some of the major problems faced by the municipality with regards to addressing the solid waste management, was the absence of the community’s involvement and discipline having that there’s a continuous increase in urbanization and population rate leading to air and water pollution It was then stressed by Mayor Caesar P Perez that, “Garbage problem is not sole responsibility of the government; the citizens must their share on proper waste disposal” (Perez, 2009) With this, the study was conducted to answer the following questions: What are the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines? What are the types and nature of solid wastes produced in the coastal barangays of Los Baños? What are the household’s level of knowledge & attitude, and practices regarding Solid Waste Management? What are the relationships of the respondents’ income and educational n attainment with their level of knowledge, attitude and positive practices (KAP) in Solid Waste Management? How does the household’s level of knowledge, attitude and positive practices related to each other in relation to solid waste management? 1.3 Significance of the Study The study could provide information about the knowledge, attitude and practices in solid waste management of the selected households; and the identity & quantity of the generated solid wastes in the selected households of Los Baños’ coastal barangays Having that massive generation of waste could result to challenges on Municipal Solid Waste Management (Desta, Worku and Fetene, 2013) Appendix E Level of Knowledge per Location STATEMENTS Recycling is the same with reusing Total SOMETIMES TRUE F % NEVER TRUE F % MEAN INTERPRETATION F % 83.33 0.00 16.67 0 0 4.67 16.67 16.67 66.67 0 0 3.5 83.33 0.00 0.00 0 16.67 4.33 100.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 100.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 100.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 Highly Knowledgeable 83.33 0.00 16.67 0 0 4.67 Highly Knowledgeable 83.33 16.67 0.00 0 0 4.83 Highly Knowledgeable 66.67 16.67 16.67 0 0 4.5 100.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 n Acid rain is one of the impacts of burning of wastes Diseases such as lung problems, allergies, irritations, etc could be caused by wastes Increasing accumulation of wastes is considered as a threat to the environment The use of Styrofoam/plastics is prohibited in Los Baños Wastes segregation should be categorized at least by categories (biodegradable, nonbiodegradable, hazardous) Water pollution caused by improper wastes disposal may lead to scarcity in food supplements (e.g fishes) Schedule for waste collection depends on the categories of wastes (e.g Monday Friday, 8-9pm is for biodegradable wastes) Waste that are not segregated will not be collected Any infrastructures near Laguna de Bay are prohibited to dump their wastes in the lake ALWAYS TRUE BAYBAYIN (n=6) RARELY DON'T KNOW TRUE F % F % 4.65 Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable 68 BAYOG STATEMENTS (n=47) Always True Sometimes True Don’t Know Rarely True Never True MEAN % F % F % F % F % Recycling is the same with reusing 37 78.72 17.02 0.00 2.13 2.13 4.68 Acid rain is one of the impacts of burning of wastes 21 44.68 17 36.17 14.89 2.13 2.13 4.19 17 36.17 16 34.04 12 25.53 4.26 0.00 4.02 26 55.32 16 34.04 2.13 2.13 6.38 4.3 28 59.57 15 31.91 2.13 6.38 0.00 4.45 26 55.32 17 36.17 4.26 2.13 2.13 4.4 32 68.09 12 25.53 2.13 4.26 0.00 4.57 24 51.06 21 44.68 0.00 2.13 2.13 4.4 Waste that are not segregated will not be collected 25 53.19 20 42.55 0.00 2.13 2.13 4.43 Any infrastructures near Laguna de Bay are prohibited to dump their wastes in the lake 27 57.45 17 36.17 2.13 2.13 2.13 4.45 Diseases such as lung problems, allergies, irritations, etc could be caused by wastes Increasing accumulation of wastes is considered as a threat to the environment The use of Styrofoam/plastics is prohibited in Los Baños Wastes segregation should be categorized at least by categories (biodegradable, non-biodegradable, hazardous) Water pollution caused by improper wastes disposal may lead to scarcity in food supplements (e.g fishes) Schedule for waste collection depends on the categories of wastes (e.g Monday - Friday, 8-9pm is for biodegradable wastes) Total n F 4.39 INTERPRETATION Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable 69 MALINTA (n=27) STATEMENTS Recycling is the same with reusing Total Sometimes True Don’t Know Rarely True Never True MEAN INTERPRETATION F % F % F % F % F % 18.52 18.52 3.70 3.70 15 55.56 4.19 12 44.44 14.81 33.33 3.70 3.70 3.93 25.93 16 59.26 3.70 3.70 7.41 3.93 27 100.00 0 0 0 0 27 100.00 0 0 0 0 27 100.00 0 0 0 0 Highly Knowledgeable 27 100.00 0 0 0 0 Highly Knowledgeable 16 59.26 33.33 0 0 7.41 4.37 Highly Knowledgeable 11 40.74 14 51.85 7.41 0 0 4.3 29.63 16 59.26 11.11 0 0 4.19 n Acid rain is one of the impacts of burning of wastes Diseases such as lung problems, allergies, irritations, etc could be caused by wastes Increasing accumulation of wastes is considered as a threat to the environment The use of Styrofoam/plastics is prohibited in Los Baños Wastes segregation should be categorized at least by categories (biodegradable, nonbiodegradable, hazardous) Water pollution caused by improper wastes disposal may lead to scarcity in food supplements (e.g fishes) Schedule for waste collection depends on the categories of wastes (e.g Monday - Friday, 89pm is for biodegradable wastes) Waste that are not segregated will not be collected Any infrastructures near Laguna de Bay are prohibited to dump their wastes in the lake Always True 4.49 Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable 70 MAYONDON (n=58) STATEMENTS Recycling is the same with reusing Total Sometimes True Don’t Know Rarely True Never True MEAN INTERPRETATION F % F % F % F % F % 10 17.24 15.52 8.62 3.45 32 55.17 4.36 19 32.76 15.52 16 27.59 0 14 24.14 3.16 25 43.10 18 31.03 8.62 3.45 13.79 3.78 49 84.48 12.07 0 1.72 1.72 4.69 45 77.59 12 20.69 0 1.72 0 4.74 47 81.03 5.17 0 1.72 12.07 4.38 Highly Knowledgeable 50 86.21 13.79 0 0 0 4.83 Highly Knowledgeable 49 84.48 15.52 0 0 0 4.81 Highly Knowledgeable 49 84.48 15.52 0 0 0 4.81 50 86.21 13.79 0 0 0 4.5 n Acid rain is one of the impacts of burning of wastes Diseases such as lung problems, allergies, irritations, etc could be caused by wastes Increasing accumulation of wastes is considered as a threat to the environment The use of Styrofoam/plastics is prohibited in Los Baños Wastes segregation should be categorized at least by categories (biodegradable, nonbiodegradable, hazardous) Water pollution caused by improper wastes disposal may lead to scarcity in food supplements (e.g fishes) Schedule for waste collection depends on the categories of wastes (e.g Monday - Friday, 8-9pm is for biodegradable wastes) Waste that are not segregated will not be collected Any infrastructures near Laguna de Bay are prohibited to dump their wastes in the lake Always True 4.41 Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable 71 TADLAC (n=10) STATEMENTS Recycling is the same with reusing Total Sometimes True Don’t Know Rarely True Never True MEAN INTERPRETATION F % F % F % F % F % 70.00 10.00 20.00 0 0 4.5 0 20.00 20.00 0 60.00 40.00 60.00 0 0 0 4.4 10 100.00 0 0 0 0 10 100.00 0 0 0 0 10 100.00 0 0 0 0 Highly Knowledgeable 10 100.00 0 0 0 0 Highly Knowledgeable 90.00 10.00 0 0 0 4.9 Highly Knowledgeable 10 100.00 0 0 0 0 Highly Knowledgeable 10 100.00 0 0 0 0 Highly Knowledgeable 4.58 Highly Knowledgeable n Acid rain is one of the impacts of burning of wastes Diseases such as lung problems, allergies, irritations, etc could be caused by wastes Increasing accumulation of wastes is considered as a threat to the environment The use of Styrofoam/plastics is prohibited in Los Baños Wastes segregation should be categorized at least by categories (biodegradable, non-biodegradable, hazardous) Water pollution caused by improper wastes disposal may lead to scarcity in food supplements (e.g fishes) Schedule for waste collection depends on the categories of wastes (e.g Monday - Friday, 8-9pm is for biodegradable wastes) Waste that are not segregated will not be collected Any infrastructures near Laguna de Bay are prohibited to dump their wastes in the lake Always True Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable Highly Knowledgeable 72 Appendix F Level of Attitude per Location BAYBAYIN (n=6) STATEMENTS Agree F % F % 0 16.67 0 16.67 0 16.67 0 16.67 0 0 0 Disagree Strongly Disagree MEAN INTERPRETATION F % 66.67 F % 16.67 Positive 50.00 33.33 Positive 0 66.67 16.67 3.83 Positive 1.67 33.33 33.33 3.83 Positive 0 50.00 33.33 Positive 0 83.33 16.67 4.17 Positive 0 0 66.67 33.33 4.33 Positive 0 0 83.33 16.67 4.17 Positive 0 16.67 0 50.00 33.33 Positive 0 0 0 66.67 33.33 4.33 Positive 4.07 Positive n I don’t care where my waste will end up I don’t practice waste segregation because I don’t feel the need to it I don’t practice composting because it’s just a waste of time I don’t have any responsibilities in solid waste management I don’t care about solid waste management since it’s the responsibility of the government There’s no need for awareness programs about solid waste management It is alright to burn wastes Plastic bags are more handy to use rather than bayong(s) and paper bags Burning of wastes is a better treatment of wastes than recycling since less effort is needed Educating my children/family member about solid waste management is not my responsibility Total Strongly Agree Neither Agree nor Disagree F % 16.67 73 BAYOG (n=47) STATEMENTS Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree MEAN INTERPRETATION F % F % F % F % F % 0 0 2.13 23 48.94 23 48.94 4.47 Postive 0 0 0 27 57.45 20 42.55 4.43 Postive 0 10 21.28 10 21.28 24 51.06 4.17 Postive 0 0 4.26 18 38.30 27 57.45 4.53 Postive 0 0 6.38 32 68.09 12 25.53 4.19 Postive 0 0 2.13 26 55.32 20 42.55 4.4 Postive 0 2.13 28 59.57 17 36.17 4.3 Postive 0 2 4.26 29 61.70 15 31.91 4.23 Postive 0 0 2.13 28 59.57 18 38.30 4.36 Postive 0 0 4.26 21 44.68 24 51.06 4.47 Postive 4.36 Postive n I don’t care where my waste will end up I don’t practice waste segregation because I don’t feel the need to it I don’t practice composting because it’s just a waste of time I don’t have any responsibilities in solid waste management I don’t care about solid waste management since it’s the responsibility of the government There’s no need for awareness programs about solid waste management It is alright to burn wastes Plastic bags are more handy to use rather than bayong(s) and paper bags Burning of wastes is a better treatment of wastes than recycling since less effort is needed Educating my children/family member about solid waste management is not my responsibility Total Neither Agree nor Disagree Agree 74 MALINTA (n=27) STATEMENTS Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree MEAN INTERPRETATION F % F % F % F % F % 0 0 0 21 77.78 22.22 4.22 Positve 0 18.52 14.81 14 51.85 14.81 3.56 Positve 0 25.93 18.52 7.41 13 48.15 3.78 Positve 7.41 3.70 3.70 11.11 20 74.07 4.33 Positve 18.52 7.41 7.41 7.41 16 59.26 3.81 Positve 0 11.11 0 10 37.04 14 51.85 4.3 Positve 3.70 3.70 0 11 40.74 14 51.85 4.07 Positive 11.11 7.41 0 10 37.04 12 44.44 3.26 Positve 0 7.41 0 22.22 19 70.37 4.63 Positve 3.70 7.41 0 14.81 20 74.07 4.41 Positve 4.04 Positve n I don’t care where my waste will end up I don’t practice waste segregation because I don’t feel the need to it I don’t practice composting because it’s just a waste of time I don’t have any responsibilities in solid waste management I don’t care about solid waste management since it’s the responsibility of the government There’s no need for awareness programs about solid waste management It is alright to burn wastes Plastic bags are more handy to use rather than bayong(s) and paper bags Burning of wastes is a better treatment of wastes than recycling since less effort is needed Educating my children/family member about solid waste management is not my responsibility Total Strongly Agree Neither Agree nor Disagree 75 MAYONDON (n=58) STATEMENTS Strongly Agree Neither Agree nor Disagree Disagree Strongly Disagree MEAN INTERPRETATION F % F % F % F % F % 0 0 1.72 44 75.86 13 22.41 4.21 Positive 0 5.17 0 49 84.48 10.34 Positive 0 10 17.24 8.62 33 56.90 10 17.24 3.74 Positive 2 3.45 1.72 32 55.17 22 37.93 4.24 Positive 0 6.90 1.72 34 58.62 19 32.76 4.17 Positive 0 8.62 1.72 32 55.17 20 34.48 4.16 Positive 12 20.69 0.00 29 50.00 16 27.59 3.81 Positive 23 39.66 0.00 17 29.31 15 25.86 3.31 Positive 10.34 6.90 30 51.72 17 29.31 3.97 Positive 13.79 3.45 31 53.45 15 25.86 3.84 Positive 3.95 Positive n I don’t care where my waste will end up I don’t practice waste segregation because I don’t feel the need to it I don’t practice composting because it’s just a waste of time I don’t have any responsibilities in solid waste management I don’t care about solid waste management since it’s the responsibility of the government There’s no need for awareness programs about solid waste management It is alright to burn wastes Plastic bags are more handy to use rather than bayong(s) and paper bags Burning of wastes is a better treatment of wastes than recycling since less effort is needed Educating my children/family member about solid waste management is not my responsibility Total Agree 76 TADLAC (n=10) STATEMENTS Strongly Agree Total Disagree Strongly Disagree MEAN INTERPRETATION F % F % F % F % F % 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive 0 0 0 10 100 0 Positive Positive n I don’t care where my waste will end up I don’t practice waste segregation because I don’t feel the need to it I don’t practice composting because it’s just a waste of time I don’t have any responsibilities in solid waste management I don’t care about solid waste management since it’s the responsibility of the government There’s no need for awareness programs about solid waste management It is alright to burn wastes Plastic bags are more handy to use rather than bayong(s) and paper bags Burning of wastes is a better treatment of wastes than recycling since less effort is needed Educating my children/family member about solid waste management is not my responsibility Neither Agree nor Disagree Agree 77 Appendix G Practices of Solid Wastes Disposal per Location BAYBAYIN (n=6) TYPES OF SOLID WASTES 3R (re-use, reduce, recycle) Segregation (biodegradable, nonbiodegradable, etc.) Dumping in any water system (canals, irrigation, Watershed, etc.) Composting Burning Burying Feeding to Animals Depends on waste collectors Others: % F % F % F % F % F % F % F % F Food Wastes Fruits and Vegetable Peels Leaves/Grasses 0 4.88 0 0 0 0 9.76 0 0 7.32 0 4.88 0 0 0 0 0 4.88 0 2.44 0 0 0 0 Animal Faeces 0 2.44 2.44 4.88 0 2.44 0 0 Paper, cardboard Metal cans, tin aluminium Glass 7.32 2.44 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.76 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.44 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plastics 4.88 7.32 0 0 0 0 0 2.44 Battery Electronic Wastes (computer monitor, TV, etc.) Fluorescent bulb(s) 0 2.44 0 0 0 0 0 2.44 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.44 0 0 0 0 0 2.44 Others: 0 0 0 0 0 2.44 0 0 n F % 2.44 2.44 78 BAYOG (n=47) TYPES OF SOLID WASTES Segregation (biodegradable, nonbiodegradable, etc.) Dumping in any water system (canals, irrigation, Watershed, etc.) Composti ng Burning Burying Feeding to Animals Depends on waste collectors Others: F % F % F % F % F % F % F % F % F % 0 13.33 2.22 0 0 8.89 34 75.56 0 0 0 13 30.95 0 0 4.76 12 28.57 15 35.71 0 0 0 13 34.21 0 0 13.16 23.68 11 28.95 0 0 n Food Wastes Fruits and Vegetable Peels Leaves/Grasses 3R (re-use, reduce, recycle) Animal Faeces 0 11.76 2.94 0 0 29 85.29 0 0 0 Paper, cardboard Metal cans, tin aluminium Glass 36 80.00 13.33 0 0 2.22 0 0 4.44 0 18 66.67 22.22 0 0 0 0 0 7.41 3.70 0 100.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plastics 39 84.78 8.70 0 0 0 0 0 6.52 0 Battery Electronic Wastes (computer monitor, TV, etc.) Fluorescent bulb(s) 0 40.00 0 0 0 0 0 40.00 20.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.00 50.00 0 66.67 0 0 0 0 0 33.33 0 Others: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 79 MALINTA (n=27) TYPES OF SOLID WASTES 3R (reuse, reduce, recycle) Segregation (biodegradable, nonbiodegradable, etc.) Dumping in any water system (canals, irrigation, Watershed, etc.) Composting Burning Burying Feeding to Animals Depends on waste collectors Others: % F % F % F % F % F % F % F % F % Food Wastes 0 15.00 10.00 35.00 0 20.00 20.00 0 0 Fruits and Vegetable Peels 0 50.00 0 18.75 0 25.00 6.25 0 0 Leaves/Grasses 0 10 58.82 0 23.53 17.65 0 0 0 0 Animal Faeces 0 0 0 100.00 0 0 0 0 0 Paper, cardboard 15 75.00 25.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Metal cans, tin aluminium 26.32 36.84 0 0 0 0 0 0 36.8 Glass 0 100.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plastics 28.57 50.00 21.43 0 0 0 0 0 0 Battery 0 100.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Electronic Wastes (computer monitor, TV, etc.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fluorescent bulb(s) 0 1.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Others: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n F 80 MAYONDON (n=58) TYPES OF SOLID WASTES 3R (re-use, reduce, recycle) Segregation (biodegradable, nonbiodegradable, etc.) Dumping in any water system (canals, irrigation, Watershed, etc.) Composting Burning Burying Feeding to Animals Depends on waste collectors Others: % F % F % F % F % F % F % F % F % Food Wastes 11.32 13.21 0 15.09 0 1.89 31 58.49 0 0 Fruits and Vegetable Peels 12.24 12.24 0 32 65.31 0 2.04 6.12 2.04 0 Leaves/Grasses 0.00 66.67 0 0 33.33 0 0 0 0 Animal Faeces 5.88 23.53 0 52.94 0 17.65 0 0 0 Paper, cardboard 35 81.40 18.60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Metal cans, tin aluminium 25 65.79 23.68 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.53 Glass 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plastics 27 71.05 23.68 0 0 0 0 0 5.26 0 Battery 0 100.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Electronic Wastes (computer monitor, TV, etc.) 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Fluorescent bulb(s) 0 100.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Others: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n F 81 TADLAC (n=10) TYPES OF SOLID WASTES 3R (re-use, reduce, recycle) Segregation (biodegradable, nonbiodegradable, etc.) Dumping in any water system (canals, irrigation, Watershed, etc.) Composting Burning Burying Feeding to Animals Depends on waste collectors Others: F % F % F % F % F % F % F % F % F % Food Wastes 0 60.00 0 0 0 40.00 0 0 0 Fruits and Vegetable Peels 0 80.00 0 20.00 0 0 0 0 0 Leaves/Grasses 0 71.43 0 0 0 14.29 14.29 0 0 Animal Faeces 0 33.33 0 11.11 n 55.56 0 0 0 Paper, cardboard 50.00 40.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Metal cans, tin aluminium 22.22 66.67 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.11 Glass 0 100.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plastics 40.00 50.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Battery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Electronic Wastes (computer monitor, TV, etc.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fluorescent bulb(s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Others: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 82