A survey of teaching english listening skill to the tenth graders at tan ke high school ben tre province m a 60 14 10

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY – HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES FACULTY OF ENGLISH LINGUISTICS & LITERATURE A SURVEY OF TEACHING ENGLISH LISTENING SKILL TO THE TENTH GRADERS AT TAN KE HIGH SCHOOL – BEN TRE PROVINCE Submitted to the Faculty of English Linguistics & Literature in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in TESOL By NGUYỄN THÀNH NGHĨA Supervised by LÊ HOÀNG DŨNG, Ph.D HO CHI MINH CITY, FEBRUARY 2012 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I certify my authorship of the thesis submitted today entitled: A SURVEY OF TEACHING ENGLISH LISTENING SKILL TO THE TENTH GRADERS AT TAN KE HIGH SCHOOL – BEN TRE PROVINCE in terms of the statement of requirements for Theses in Master’s Programs issued by the High Degree Committee Ho Chi Minh City, February 2012 NGUYỄN THÀNH NGHĨA ii RETENTION AND USE OF THE THESIS I hereby state that I, NGUYỄN THÀNH NGHĨA, being the candidate for the degree of Master of TESOL at the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, accept the requirements of the school for the retention and use of Master’s Theses deposited in the library In terms of these conditions, I agree that the original of my thesis deposited in the library should be accessible for the purposes of study and research, in accordance with the normal conditions established by the library for care, loan or reproduction of theses Ho Chi Minh City, February 2012 NGUYỄN THÀNH NGHĨA iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my thesis supervisor, Dr Lê Hoàng Dũng, who read my manuscript with great care and devotion, gave me thoughtful comments, and provided me with valuable support in the preparation and completion of this thesis Without his encouragement and constant guidance, I could not have finished this thesis My thanks also go to the authors for the ideas quoted in the thesis Their books are a great source for me to produce my M.A thesis I am also grateful to Mr Huỳnh Phong Nhuận, my dear classmate and also my helpful monitor, who gave me useful ideas without which it would be hard for me to find out the right way to develop my thesis I owe my thanks to all teachers and learners who were willing to respond to my questionnaires, especially to the teachers who offered favorable conditions for my data collection Finally, I would like to thank my wife, Lê Thị Mỹ Lệ, for her love, support, and encouragement during the time I attended the course and did the thesis iv TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY II RETENTION AND USE OF THE THESIS III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IV TABLE OF CONTENTS V LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS IX LIST OF TABLES X LIST OF FIGURES XI ABSTRACT XII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale of the study 1.2 Purpose of the study 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Significance of the study 1.5 Limitation of the study 1.6 Overview of the thesis CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Understanding spoken English 2.1.1 Listening skills in English learning 2.1.2 Importance of listening skill 2.1.3 Process models of listening 2.1.3.1 Bottom-up processing 2.1.3.2 Top-down processing 2.1.3.3 Interactive processing 10 2.1.4 A skills-based model of listening-centered communication 10 2.2 Teachers’ role in developing listening tasks 12 2.3 Effective teaching of listening 13 2.4 Stages in teaching listening comprehension 15 2.4.1 Pre-listening stage 15 2.4.2 While-listening stage 16 v 2.4.3 Post-listening stage 18 2.5 Some hypothetical problems in EFL listening 20 2.5.1 Listening problems that emerge from the pre-listening stage 20 2.5.1.1 Background knowledge of culture and context 20 2.5.1.2 Listeners’ limited word stock 21 2.5.1.3 Lack of visual support 21 2.5.2 Listening problems that emerge from the while-listening stage 22 2.5.2.1 Pronunciation 22 2.5.2.2 Speech rate 23 2.5.2.3 Accent 24 2.5.2.4 Listening in the passive position 24 2.5.2.5 Failure to concentrate 25 2.5.3 Listening problems that emerge from the post-listening stage 25 2.5.3.1 Memory 25 2.5.3.2 Shyness to present the listening ideas in front of the class 26 2.5.3.3 Receiving feedback 26 2.5.3.4 Combining listening with other skills 27 2.5.3.5 Fatigue 27 2.6 Strategies of listening comprehension 28 2.7 Previous researches concerning to listening and listening teaching 30 2.8 Summary 32 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 36 3.1 Research design 36 3.2 Subjects of the study 36 3.2.1 Students 36 3.2.2 Teachers 37 3.3 Data collection instruments 37 3.3.1 Questionnaires 38 3.3.1.1 Questionnaire for teachers 38 3.3.1.2 Questionnaire for students 38 3.3.2 Classroom observation 39 vi 3.4 Data collection procedure 39 3.5 Summary 42 CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 43 4.1 Data analysis 43 4.1.1 Preparation of teaching listening comprehension 43 4.1.2 Teaching practices in a listening session 47 4.1.2.1 Teaching practices at the pre-listening stage 47 4.1.2.2 Teaching practices at the while-listening stage 51 4.1.2.3 Teaching practices at the post-listening stage 54 4.1.3 Difficulties in listening to English 58 4.1.3.1 Difficulties at the pre-listening stage 58 4.1.3.2 Difficulties at the while-listening stage 60 4.1.3.3 Difficulties at the post-listening stage 61 4.2 Discussion of results 63 4.3 Summary of findings 65 CHAPTER 5: SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS 67 5.1 Suggestions 67 5.1.1 Suggestions to the administrators at TKHS 67 5.1.1.1 Updates on knowledge of language teaching methodology and necessary equipment should be provided adequately 67 5.1.1.2 In-service training in pedagogical procedures related to the listening skills should be organized 68 5.1.1.3 Listening should be officially made one of the assessment criteria in English tests and exams 68 5.1.2 Suggestions to the students at TKHS 69 5.1.2.1 Students should have proper attitudes towards learning listening comprehension at TKHS 69 5.1.2.2 Students should have right ways to learn and practice listening skill 70 5.1.3 Suggestions to the teachers at TKHS 70 5.1.3.1 Teachers should improve teaching method of listening skill 70 vii C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 5.1.3.2 Teachers should alter their attitudes towards teaching listening comprehension in a positive way 71 5.1.3.3 Teachers should help students change their attitudes towards English listening learning at TKHS 71 5.1.3.4 Teachers should really teach listening skills rather than test them 71 5.1.3.5 Teachers should spend a little time explaining the nature and processes of listening to their learners and guiding them how to listen to English 72 5.1.3.6 Some listening exercises need to be adjusted to suit students’ ability 73 5.1.3.7 Teachers should teach English listening strategies to their students 74 5.1.3.7.1 Pre-listening strategies 74 5.1.3.7.2 Finding out main ideas 75 5.1.3.7.3 Identifying the relationships of ideas 75 5.1.3.7.4 Determining word stress that is critical for successful communication 76 5.1.3.7.5 Note-taking 76 5.1.4 Summary of suggestions 77 5.2 Conclusion and recommendation for further research 79 5.2.1 Conclusion 79 5.2.2 Recommendation for further research 80 References 82 Appendix QUESTIONNAIRE TO TEACHER RESPONDENTS 89 Appendix QUESTIONNAIRE TO STUDENT RESPONDENTS 92 Appendix PHIẾU KHẢO SÁT (Dành cho học sinh) 95 Appendix OBSERVATION CHECKLIST 98 Appendix Frequency of the observed actual teaching practices of listening 100 Appendix Summary of the observed practices in five levels of frequency 101 viii Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BA Bachelor of Arts EFL English as a Foreign Language ELT English Language Teaching MA Master of Arts TESOL Teaching of English to Speakers of Other Languages TKHS Tan Ke High School ix Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Summary of some listening teaching activities and expected output to students 33 Table 2.2: Summary of some common hypothetical difficulties in teaching English listening skill 35 Table 4.1: Teachers' response to preparation of teaching listening comprehension 44 Table 4.2: Students' response to learning the listening lessons 46 Table 4.3: Teachers' and students' responses concerning the teaching practices at the pre-listening stage 48 Table 4.4: Teacher's and students' responses regarding the teaching practices at the while-listening stage 52 Table 4.5: Teacher's and students' responses about the teaching practices at the post-listening stage 55 Table 4.6: Summary of findings from listening teaching activities 66 Table 5.1: Summary of some suggestions about listening teaching activities 78 x Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Ur, P (1996) A Course in Language Teaching: Practice and Theory Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Underwood, M (1990) Teaching Listening London and New York: Longman Wang, H (2011) An Exploration on Designing College English Listening Class Journal of Language Teaching and Research, Vol (2), pp 359-363 Finland: Academy Publisher White, G (1998) Listening Oxford: Oxford University Press Wilkie, H (2001) Writing, Speaking, Listening – The essentials of business communication Oxford: How To Books Ltd Wilson, J (2008) How to teach listening Pearson Education Limited Wolvin, A D (2010) Listening and Human Communication in the 21st Century Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd Yagang, F (1994) Listening: Problems and Solutions In Thomas Kral (ed.) Teacher Development: Making the Right More Washington, D.C.: English Language Programs Division United States Information Agency Ya-jun, Z (2007) Schema Theory and Its Application in Teaching Listening for NonEnglish Major Undergraduates USA: Sino-US English Teaching, Vol (6), pp 32-36 Vásquez, A et al (2010) Teaching Language Arts to English Language Learners New York: Routledge 88 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Appendix QUESTIONNAIRE TO TEACHER RESPONDENTS Dear Colleagues, I am doing a research on teaching English listening skill to the tenth graders at Tan Ke High School I would like to request you to fill in the following questions Could you please give answers to the questions in this questionnaire either by ticking the selected item? Could you also please write down your answers to the questions that ask for your views in the space given right below them? The information provided by you via this questionnaire will definitely give us significant data on which the success of my M.A thesis heavily rely I assume that these data are used only for research purposes and thus, not any of your personal information will be disclosed Thank you very much for your enthusiastic cooperation Part 1: Personal information Full name: Sex  Male  Female Year of birth: Qualifications  Bachelor  Master in TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages)  Others English teaching experience (years): Part 2: Your preparation of teaching listening comprehension Do you teach the listening sections included in the textbook? Yes  No  How you teach the listening sections of the textbook? Always Usually Sometimes    Rarely  Do you prepare visual support to make the listening activities less difficult? Always Usually Sometimes Rarely     Do you have comments about the provision of the pre-teaching preparation and support in teaching the listening sections? 89 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Part 3: Your strategies of teaching listening comprehension 10 How you often teach students to listen to English? Key: Never = 0; Rarely = 1; Sometimes = 2; Usually = 3; Always = Stages Prelistening No a b c d e f Whileg listening h i j Postk listening l m n Listening Teaching Practices Introducing the listening text briefly Letting the students discuss on the topic of the listening lessons Making the instructions clear to the students Encouraging the students to predict what the listening text is about Drawing the attention of the students to some key lexical items used in the listening text Making the students read through the comprehension questions Informing the students what to focus on while listening Making the students listen for the general idea of the text Making the students listen for detailed information given in the text Making the students guess meanings of new words while listening Organizing the students in pair/group discussions on the listening text Guiding and helping the students while they are doing in pairs/groups to answer listening questions Providing the students with reasonable feedback/correction (not simple answers) Extending the listening lessons to writing, speaking or reading activities related to the listening passage 11 What are your suggestions on the listening teaching way/method? 12 Please write some points you like to comment about the teaching of the listening sections Part 4: Difficulties in listening to English 90 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 13 In your opinion, which of the following are the difficulties at students’ pre-listening stage? (You can choose more than one option.)  unavailable equipment  Lack of background knowledge of culture, context, situation, etc  Uninteresting topics in the textbook  Weaknesses at grammar and vocabulary  Inability to see speakers’ gestures and facial expressions  Lack of visual material (pictures, diagrams, maps and so on)  Others (please specify): 14 In your view, which of the following are the difficulties at students’ while-listening stage? (You can choose more than one option.)  The difference of stress between English and Vietnamese language  The difference of English intonation and Vietnamese one  The linking form such as ten bikes /tem baiks/ and the weak form such as to /tə/, /də/  The difference between the spoken form and written form  Failure to catch up with speakers’ speed  Unfamiliar accents  Inability to concentrate on the listening work  Others (please specify): 15 In your opinion, which of the following are the difficulties at students’ post-listening stage? (You can choose more than one option.)  Difficulty in answering the long questions (e.g why or how questions, or writing a summary)  Shyness to speak out the listening information in front of class  Improper feedback from teachers  Uninteresting post-listening activities  Combination of listening and other skills (speaking, reading, and writing)  Fatigue  Others (please specify): 16 What other difficulties students have during listening to English besides the difficulties in the sentences: 13, 14, and 15 above (Part 4)? Thank you very much for your valuable contribution! 91 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Appendix QUESTIONNAIRE TO STUDENT RESPONDENTS Dear Students, I am doing a research on teaching English listening skill to the tenth graders at Tan Ke High School I would like to request you to fill in the following questions Could you please give answers to the questions in this questionnaire either by ticking the selected item? Could you also please write down your answers to the questions that ask for your views in the space given right below them? The information provided by you via this questionnaire will definitely give us significant data on which the success of my M.A thesis heavily rely I assume that these data are used only for research purposes and thus, not any of your personal information will be disclosed Thank you very much for your enthusiastic cooperation Part 1: Personal information Full name: Class: Sex  Male  Female Age: Years of English learning: Part 2: Your teacher’s preparation of teaching listening comprehension Does your teacher teach the listening sections included in the textbook? Yes  No  If you say “Yes” to the question 6, how does your teacher teach the listening sections of the textbook? Always Usually Sometimes Rarely     Does your teacher use visual support to make the listening activities less difficult? Always Usually Sometimes Rarely     Part 3: Your teacher’s strategies of teaching listening comprehension How does your teacher often teach you to listen to English? Key: Never = 0; Rarely = 1; Sometimes = 2; Usually = 3; Always = 92 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Stages Prelistening No a b c d e f Whileg listening h i j Postk listening l m n Listening Teaching Practices Introducing the listening text briefly Letting the students discuss on the topic of the listening lessons Making the instructions clear to the students Encouraging the students to predict what the listening text is about Drawing the attention of the students to some key lexical items used in the listening text Making the students read through the comprehension questions Informing the students what to focus on while listening Making the students listen for the general idea of the text Making the students listen for detailed information given in the text Making the students guess meanings of new words while listening Organizing the students in pair/group discussions on the listening text Guiding and helping the students while they are doing in pairs/groups to answer listening questions Providing the students with reasonable feedback/correction (not simple answers) Extending the listening lessons to writing, speaking or reading activities related to the listening passage Part 4: Your difficulties in listening to English 10 Which of the following difficulties you have at the pre-listening stage? (You can choose more than one option.)  unavailable equipment  Lack of background knowledge of culture, context, and situation  Uninteresting topics in the textbook  Weaknesses at grammar and vocabulary  Inability to see speakers’ gestures and facial expressions 93 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an  Lack of visual material (pictures, diagrams, maps and so on)  Others (please specify): 11 Which of the following difficulties you encounter at the while-listening stage? (You can choose more than one option.)  The difference of stress between English and Vietnamese language  The difference of English intonation and Vietnamese one  The linking form such as ten bikes /tem baiks/ and the weak form such as to /tə/, /də/  The difference between the spoken form and written form  Failure to catch up with speakers’ speed  Unfamiliar accents  Inability to concentrate on the listening work  Others (please specify): 12 Which of the following difficulties you face at the post-listening stage? (You can choose more than one option.)  Difficulty in answering the long questions (e.g why or how questions, or writing a summary)  Shyness to speak out the listening information in front of class  Improper feedback from teachers  Uninteresting post-listening activities  Combination of listening and other skills (speaking, reading, and writing)  Fatigue  Others (please specify): 13 What other difficulties you have during listening to English besides the difficulties mentioned in the sentences: 10, 11, and 12 above? Thank you very much for your valuable contribution! 94 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Appendix PHIẾU KHẢO SÁT (Dành cho học sinh) Chào em, Tôi làm nghiên cứu việc dạy kĩ nghe cho học sinh lớp 10 trường THPT Tán Kế mong muốn em trả lời câu hỏi bảng khảo sát sau Các em trả lời cách đánh dấu () vào phương án trả lời chọn lọc Đối với câu cần ý kiến cụ thể, xin ghi rõ vào khoảng trống chừa sẵn Câu trả lời em liệu quan trọng, có ý nghĩa định thành công đề tài nghiên cứu cho luận văn thạc sỹ sử dụng vào mục đích nghiên cứu Khơng thông tin cá nhân em bị tiết lộ Xin chân thành cảm ơn cộng tác nhiệt tình em Phần 1: Thơng tin cá nhân Họ tên: Lớp: Giới tính  Nam  Nữ Tuổi: Số năm học tiếng Anh: Phần 2: Sự chuẩn bị trước dạy thầy/cô em Thầy/Cô em có dạy phần nghe hiểu sách giáo khoa khơng? Có  Khơng  Nếu có, Thầy/Cơ em dạy phần nào? Luôn Thường Thỉnh thoảng    Hiếm  Thầy/Cô em có dùng giáo cụ trực quan để làm cho học nghe dễ không? Luôn Thường Thỉnh thoảng Hiếm     95 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Phần 3: Cách dạy nghe hiểu tiếng Anh Thầy/Cô em Thầy /Cô em dạy nghe Tiếng Anh nào? Chú thích: Khơng = 0; Hiếm = 1; Thường = 3; Luôn = Giai đoạn Trước nghe Trong nghe Sau nghe STT a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Thực hành dạy nghe Giới thiệu ngắn gọn nghe Cho học sinh thảo luận chủ đề nghe Hướng dẫn rõ ràng cách làm tập nghe Khuyến khích học sinh đốn trước nội dung nghe Hướng học sinh vào số từ vựng nghe Cho người học đọc qua câu hỏi trước nghe Hướng dẫn học sinh cần nghe u cầu học sinh nghe ý u cầu học sinh nghe ý phụ Hướng dẫn người học đoán nghĩa từ nghe Tổ chức học sinh thảo luận cặp/nhóm kết nghe Hướng dẫn giúp học sinh họ làm việc cặp/nhóm để trả lời yêu cầu nghe Giải thích sửa câu trả lời (không cho đáp án) Mở rộng học nghe sang hoạt động viết, nói, hay đọc liên hệ với nghe Phần 4: Khó khăn việc nghe Tiếng Anh em 10 Ở giai đoạn trước nghe, vấn đề sau gây khó khăn cho em? (Có thể chọn nhiều cách trả lời)  Trang thiết bị khơng có sẵn  Thiếu kiến thức văn hóa, ngữ cảnh, tình  Chủ đề nghe sách giáo khoa không thú vị  Yếu ngữ pháp từ vựng  Khơng thấy cử nét mặt người nói  Thiếu tư liệu trực quan (tranh, sơ đồ, đồ, v.v…)  Những vấn đề khác (Xin ghi cụ thể) 96 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 11 Ở giai đoạn nghe, vấn đề sau gây khó khăn cho em? (Có thể chọn nhiều cách trả lời)  Cách nhấn mạnh lời nói tiếng Anh khác với tiếng Việt  Ngữ điệu tiếng Anh không giống ngữ điệu tiếng Việt  Hình thức phát âm nối ten bikes /tem baiks/ hình thức phát âm yếu to /tə/, /də/…  Hình thức nói viết khác  Không theo kịp tốc độ người nói  Giọng lạ  Khơng tập trung nghe  Những vấn đề khác (Xin ghi cụ thể) 12 Ở giai đoạn sau nghe, vấn đề sau gây khó khăn cho em? (Có thể chọn nhiều cách trả lời)  Khó trả lời câu hỏi có nội dung dài (ví dụ: sao, nào, viết tóm tắt)  E ngại trình bày nội dung nghe trước lớp  Thiếu giải thích đáp án giáo viên  Các hoạt động sau nghe không thú vị  Khó kết hợp nghe với kĩ khác (nói, đọc, viết)  Mệt mỏi  Những vấn đề khác (Xin ghi cụ thể) 13 Khi nghe tiếng Anh, em có gặp khó khăn khác ngồi khó khăn nói câu: 10, 11, 12 trên? Xin chân thành cảm ơn đóng góp quý báu em! 97 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Appendix OBSERVATION CHECKLIST Class observed: ……………………… Teacher: ……………………….……… Date: ………………………………… Time: ………………………………… This checklist is intended to investigate Grade 10 classroom teaching practices of listening comprehension The practices will be recorded in the category of Yes/No, as they happen in the classroom Each teacher will be observed four times Finally, the "Yes/No," categories will be changed into five levels of frequency: Always (4), Usually (3), Sometimes (2), Rarely (1) and Never (0) This means, if the practice happens in four of the observation days, it will be Always (4), if it happens in three of the observation days, it will be usually (3), and so on Stages Prelistening No a b c d e f g Whilelistening h i j k Postlistening l m n Listening Teaching Practices Introducing the listening text briefly Letting the students discuss on the topic of the listening lessons Making the instructions clear to the students Encouraging the students to predict what the listening text is about Drawing the attention of the students to some key lexical items used in the listening text Making the students read through the comprehension questions Informing the students what to focus on while listening Making the students listen for the general idea of the text Making the students listen for detailed information given in the text Making the students guess meanings of new words while listening Organizing the students in pair/group discussions on the listening text Guiding and helping the students while they are doing in pairs/groups to answer listening questions Providing the students with reasonable feedback/correction (not simple answers) Extending the listening lessons to writing, speaking or reading activities related to the listening passage 98 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Yes No C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Other listening teaching practices observed during the classroom observation: _ 99 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Appendix Frequency of the observed actual teaching practices of listening C01 C02 C03 C04 Yes Introducing the listening text briefly Letting the students discuss on the topic of the listening lessons Making the instructions clear to the students No Yes No Yes 3 No Yes 3 Total Frequency Total Yes No No count % count % 31.3 11 68.8 16 43.8 56.3 16 3 2 - 10 62.5 37.5 16 Encouraging the students to predict what the listening text is about Drawing the attention of the students to some key lexical items used in the listening text Making the students read through the comprehension questions Informing the students what to focus on while listening 2 - 4 25.0 12 75.0 16 - - - 15 93.8 6.3 3 - 13 81.3 18.8 16 - 3 2 25.0 12 75.0 16 Making the students listen for the general idea of the text Making the students listen for detailed information given in the text Making the students guess meanings of new words while listening Organizing the students in pair/group discussions on the listening text Guiding and helping the students while they are doing in pairs/groups to answer listening questions Providing the students with reasonable feedback/correction (not simple answers) Extending the listening lessons to writing, speaking or reading activities related to the listening passage 3 2 31.3 11 68.8 16 3 - 2 12 75.0 25.0 16 - - - 6.3 15 93.8 16 2 - - 3 18.8 13 81.3 16 - - 12.5 14 87.5 16 3 - - 12.5 14 87.5 16 - 2 25.0 12 75.0 16 No Listening Teaching Practices a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Note: CO1 = First round Class observation; CO2 = Second round Class observation CO3 = Third round Class observation; CO4 = Fourth round Class observation 100 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 16 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Appendix Summary of the observed practices in five levels of frequency No a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Listening Teaching Practices Introducing the listening text briefly Letting the students discuss on the topic of the listening lessons Making the instructions clear to the students Encouraging the students to predict what the listening text is about Drawing the attention of the students to some key lexical items used in the listening text Making the students read through the comprehension questions Informing the students what to focus on while listening Making the students listen for the general idea of the text Making the students listen for detailed information given in the text Making the students guess meanings of new words while listening Organizing the students in pair/group discussions on the listening text Guiding and helping the students while they are doing in pairs/groups to answer listening questions Providing the students with reasonable feedback/correction (not simple answers) Extending the listening lessons to writing, speaking or reading activities related to the listening passage Always Count % Usually Count % Sometimes Rarely Count % Count % Never Count % Total - - - - 25 75 75 25 - - 4 - - - 50 - 50 100 - - 4 75 25 - - - - - - 25 75 - - - - - - - - - - 25 50 25 - - - - 25 75 - - 25 50 25 - - - - - - - - - - 25 75 - - - - - - 75 25 - - - - - - 50 50 - - - - - - 50 50 - - - - - - 100 - 101 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn - C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn