A study on common pronunciation mistakes faced by first year english majors at vietnam national university of agriculture

VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES BA THESIS A STUDY ON COMMON PRONUNCIATION MISTAKES FACED BY FIRST-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE NGHIÊN CỨU NHỮNG LỖI PHÁT ÂM PHỔ BIẾN CỦA SINH VIÊN NĂM NHẤT NGÀNH NGÔN NGỮ ANH TẠI HỌC VIỆN NÔNG NGHIỆP VIỆT NAM Student : NGUYEN THI ANH Student code : 621253 Ma jor : ENGLISH Supervisor : TRAN THANH PHUONG, M.A Hanoi – 2021 VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES BA THESIS A STUDY ON COMMON PRONUNCIATION MISTAKES FACED BY FIRST-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE NGHIÊN CỨU NHỮNG LỖI PHÁT ÂM PHỔ BIẾN CỦA SINH VIÊN NĂM NHẤT NGÀNH NGÔN NGỮ ANH TẠI HỌC VIỆN NÔNG NGHIỆP VIỆT NAM Student : NGUYEN THI ANH Student code : 621253 Major : ENGLISH Supervisor : TRAN THANH PHUONG, M.A Hanoi – 2021 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled “A STUDY ON COMMON PRONUNCIATION MISTAKES FACED BY FIRST-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in the English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person‟s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2021 Nguyen Thi Anh Approved by SUPERVISOR (Signature and full name) Date: …………………… i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT To complete this paper, I have been lucky to receive invaluable contributions and kind help from many individuals Foremost, I would like to express my special sincere and thanks to my supervisor, Ms Tran Thanh Phuong, M.A for her indispensable support, suggestions, advice and detailed comments, which helped to complete this study successfully With deepest gratitude, I also would love to show my deep thankfulness to all my teachers at the Faculty of Education and Foreign Languages, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, who have imparted me useful knowledge to complete this research, I am so thankful to students of K65 at the Faculty of Education and Foreign Languages for their whole-heart participation in the study Last but not least, I would like to give my heartfelt thanks to my family and friends who always encourage and inspire me to complete this thesis Sincerely, ii TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii ABSTRACT v LIST OF ABBREVIATION vi LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES vii PART 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale for the study 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Scope of the study 1.5 Significance of the study 1.6 Design of the study PART 2: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Review of the previous studies 1.1.1 Review of the previous study: Abroad 1.1.2 Review of the previous study: At home 1.2 Review of theoretical background 1.2.1 Pronunciation 1.2.2 Mistakes in language learning 1.2.3 Consonant 10 1.2.4 Ending sounds 13 1.2.5 Word-stress 15 1.3 Summary 18 CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY 19 2.1 Research methodology 19 2.2 Research setting/ context 19 iii C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 2.3 Data collection 20 2.3.1 Data collecting instruments 20 2.3.2 Data collecting procedure 22 2.4 Data analysis 22 2.5 Summary 23 CHAPTER 3: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 24 3.1 Results collected from the survey questionnaire 24 3.1.1 Students‟ awareness of English pronunciation 24 3.1.2 Frequency and student‟s pronunciation mistakes 28 3.1.3 Students‟ opinion on pronunciation solutions 34 3.2 Results collected by using the recording 35 3.2.1 Common consonant errors 36 3.2.2 Common errors related to word stress 39 3.3 Summary 40 3.4 Suggesting some solutions to improve pronunciation skills 41 3.4.1 Suggested some solutions for individuals 41 3.4.2 Suggested some solutions for teaching pronunciation 45 PART 3: CONCLUSION 50 Recapitulation 50 Limitation of the study 51 Recommendations/ suggestions for further study 51 REFERENCES 53 APPENDIX 56 APPENDIX 60 APPENDIX 63 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn iv C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an ABSTRACT Pronunciation is an important skill that greatly affects the effectiveness of ESL learners However, the reality shows that mispronunciation is still a big obstacle for learners in general and VNUA‟s students in particular This has much influence on their learning other skills such as: listening, speaking, reading, as well as creating many limitations in conversing with native speakers The aimed research was to identify the common pronunciation mistakes made by first-year English majors at VNUA, then suggest to the students of English in general and English-majored freshmen in particular, some ways to improve their pronunciation as much as possible The data collection was collected from 80 English-majored students of K65 at VNUA and then 20 students were asked to record their pronunciation The data analysis indicated that the students tend to make mispronunciations with some consonants, ending sounds, and stress However, they still haven‟t had any effective methods to improve their pronunciation errors Therefore, the author as a foreign language learner wishes to partly help the first-year students to pronounce English better Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn v C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an LIST OF ABBREVIATION VNUA Vietnam National University of Agriculture ESL English Second Language L2 Second Language EFL English Foreign Language Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn vi C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 2.1 The Consonants of English 13 Table 2.2 Percentage of consonant sounds faced by first-year students 30 Table 2.3 Percentage of ending sounds faced by freshmen 31 Table 2.4 Students‟ opinions for applying techniques to improve pronunciation 34 Table 2.5 List of common pronunciation mistakes committed by the students 35 Table 2.5 Number of students producing in sound omission 36 Table 2.7 Number of students producing in sound deviations 38 Table 2.8 Number of students get trouble with word stress 39 Chart 2.1: Students‟ favorite skill in English 24 Chart 2.2: The most important factor in speaking English 25 Chart 2.3: Informants‟ opinion about the role of pronunciation 26 Chart 2.4: Student‟s interest in pronunciation 26 Chart 2.5: The aims of the English pronunciation 27 Chart 2.6: The time for practicing pronunciation 28 Chart 2.7: Student‟s frequency of making mispronunciation 29 Chart 2.8: The common pronunciation mistakes made by students 29 Chart 2.9: Sound pairs often confused by first-year English majors 32 Chart 2.10: Students‟ opinion about word stress 33 Chart 2.11: Student‟s knowledge of the rule of putting stress 33 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn vii C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an PART 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY In the period of integration with the current globalization trend, foreign languages play a very important role, being a means for exchanging information and connecting people all over the world It is considered effective support for the building of the global common house English is considered an international language, the need for mastery and use is greater and greater Understanding its importance, Vietnam, a country in the stage of development, opens the door to the outside world so learning and using English is more and more necessary than ever In recent years, the number of people learning English has increased significantly However, to speak fluently like a native speaker can be an elusive goal because most Vietnamese still lack confidence when communicating with foreigners, they can‟t pronounce Standard English, which is a hindrance in communication The significance of pronunciation in the EFL was also emphasized by Celce-Murcia, Brinton & Goodwin (1996:17) that learners‟ English grammar and vocabulary would be rendered useless if their pronunciation was below the threshold for permission of non-native English speakers Also according to Fangzhi (1998) pronunciation affected the transmission of messages, this is considered the highest goal of learners in any foreign language Thus, learners‟ communicative competence is directly related to pronunciation, so pronunciation is considered the key in verbal communication At the Vietnam National University of Agriculture, most English-majored freshmen still have many mistakes in pronunciation If English learners want to communicate fluently, they must adjust their mispronunciation as soon as possible, especially when they are freshmen at university They make a lot of Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an The study needs to be conducted on a large scale so that the results obtained are not only applicable to first-year English majors at VNUA but also to all students From there, English teachers can apply the most appropriate methods and techniques to teaching pronunciation to help students improve their pronunciation skills Besides, later researchers should spend more time focusing on studying the improvement of students in learning pronunciation and suggest some sustainable and useful methods for students to self-study, also for teachers Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 52 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an REFERENCES Ababneh, I (2018) English Pronunciation Errors Made By Saudi Students, European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 14 (2): 244- 261 http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n2p244 Avery & Ehrlich (1992) Teaching American English Pronunciation-p.15, Oxford University Press Barbara A H and Brian B (1997) The Status of Final Consonant Clusters in English Syllables: Evidence from Children Journal of Experimental Child Psychology Volume 64, Issue 1, p 119-136 University of New England, New South Wales, Australia Brinton, J.L (2000) The Structure of Modern English: A Linguistic Introduction, University of British Columbia Brown, H D (1994) Principles of language learning and teaching, New York: Longman Celce-Murcia, M., Brinton, D., & Goodwin, J (1996) Teaching Pronunciation A Reference for Teachers of English to Speakers of other Languages, Cambridge University Press Dalton, C (1994) Pronunciation, Oxford University Press Doff A (1998) A Training Course for Teacher, London, Cambridge University Press Duong Thi Nu (2009) Mistake or Vietnamese English, VNU Journal of Science, Foreign Languages, Vol 25, No 1, p41-50 10.Dornyei, Z (2003) Questionnaire in second language research, United States of America: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers 11 Fangzhi, C (1998) The teaching of pronunciation to Chinese students of English, English Teaching Forum, Volume 36, Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 53 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 12 Farrah and Halahlah (2020) Pronunciation Problems among Palestinian English Major Students in Hebron University, International Journal of Arabic- English Studies (IJAES), 20(1), p203-226 https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.20.1.11 13 Fudge, E.C (1984) English Word Stress, London: Allen and Unwin 14 Fraser, H (2000) Coordinating Improvements in Pronunciation Teaching for Adult Learners of English as a Second Language, Canberra 15 James (1998) Errors in language learning and use: Exploring error analysis, Harlow, UK: Addison Wesley Longman 16 John R Crowther (1993) Oxford Advanced Learner’s Encyclopedic, Oxford University Press 17 Jonathan, M (2003) English Pronunciation in Use: Elementary, Cambridge University Press 18 Ha Cam Tam (2005) Common Pronunciation Problems of Vietnamese Learners of English, VNU Journal of Foreign Studies, XXI (1) 19 Kenworthy, J (1987) Teaching English Pronunciation, London, Longman 20 Nation, I S P., & Newton, J (2009) Teaching ESL/EFL listening and speaking, New York: Routledge, Taylor and Francis 21 Nguyen Tien Dung (2014) Some Common Pronunciation Problem Facing Vietnamese Learner of English, Tap san Khoa học Dao tao, p.46-51 22 O‟Connor, J.D (1980) Better English Pronunciation 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press 23 Penny, U (2008) A Course in Language Teaching, Cambridge University Press 24 Richards, J.C (1985) Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, New York, Longman 25 Roach, P (1991) English Phonetics and Phonology: A Practice Course 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 54 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 26 Roach, P (2000) English Phonetics and Phonology, Cambridge University Press 27 Todd, L (1987) Introduction to Linguistics (York Handbooks), Longman Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 55 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an APPENDIX SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE This survey questionnaire is designed to collect the data for my MA thesis “A STUDY ON COMMON PRONUNCIATION MISTAKES FACED BY FIRST-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE” Your answers will be highly appreciated All the information provided will be used for this study only, not for any other purposes Thanks for your cooperation! Please tick (✔) in the appropriate box to choose the suitable answers or your idea in the blanks Part A: Student’s awareness of English pronunciation Which skill you like most in English? ☐ Listening ☐ Reading ☐ Speaking ☐ Writing What is the most important factor in speaking English? ☐ Pronunciation ☐ Grammar ☐ Vocabulary ☐ Others: ……………………………………………………………………… In your opinion, how important is pronunciation in communication? ☐ Very important Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn ☐ Neutral 56 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an ☐ Important ☐ Not important Do you like learning pronunciation English? ☐ Like very much ☐ Normal ☐ Like ☐ Do not like What is the purpose of your pronunciation learning? ☐ Passing the phonetic exams ☐ Communicating well ☐ Understanding the English language ☐ For a good job in the future How often you practice pronunciation a week? ☐ No time for practicing pronunciation ☐ From 30 minutes to 60 minutes ☐ Less than 30 minutes ☐ More than 60 minutes Part B: Frequency and student’s pronunciation mistakes How often you make pronunciation mistakes? ☐ Always ☐ Sometimes ☐ Often ☐ Rarely ☐ Never Which elements of pronunciation you often encounter when speaking English? (You can tick more than one item) ☐ Consonants ☐ Stress ☐ Vowels ☐ Ending sounds ☐Intonation ☐ Others: ……………………………………………………………………… Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 57 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Among the following consonants, please put a tick next to the consonant(s), you often commit when speaking English? (You can tick more than one item) /p/ /k/ /θ/ /ʃ/ /n/ /b/ /g/ /ð/ /ʒ/ /l/ /t/ /f/ /s/ /tʃ/ /r/ /d/ /v/ /z/ /dʒ/ /ŋ/ 10 Among the following sounds, which common sounds you often make mistakes with ending sound while speaking English? (You may choose more than one item) /p/ /k/ /θ/ /ʃ/ /n/ /b/ /g/ /ð/ /ʒ/ /l/ /t/ /f/ /s/ /tʃ/ /r/ /d/ /v/ /z/ /dʒ/ /ŋ/ 11 Between the pairs of consonants below, please tick next to which pair(s) you find difficult to distinguish? /p/- /b/ /θ/ - /ð/ /tʃ/ - /dʒ/ /f/ - /v/ /ʃ/ - /s/ /t/ - /θ/ /s/ - /z/ /ʃ/ - / tʃ/ 12 Do you have trouble with word stress when speaking English? ☐ No, I don‟t ☐ Yes, I 13 Do you master the rule of putting stress in words? ☐ Yes, I ☐ No, I don‟t Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 58 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an ☐ A little bit, but sometimes I forget and make mistakes Part C: Suggestion some solutions to improve pronunciation skills 14 What solutions should be applied to improve English pronunciation skills? Strongly disagree Methods Disagree Neutr al Agre e Totally agree a Shadowing b Practicing tongue twisters c Learning how to read IPA chart d Listening through Podcasts and Videos e Observing the movements of the mouth and lips f Using a dictionary to look up carefully how pronunciation of each word g Reading aloud h Other ways, such as: …………………………… …………………………… …………………………… …………………………… THANKS FOR YOUR HELP! Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 59 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an APPENDIX TAPE RECORDING This activity was created to check your accuracy and fluency in pronouncing English by recording Your cooperation in this recording is highly appreciated Collected data is only used in research, not for any other purpose Thanks for your support! Task 1: Read out the following words NO SOUND WORD INITIAL MIDDLE FINAL /p/ pen happy stop /b/ big robber verb /t/ tea bottle light /d/ day middle food /k/ car pocket tick /g/ garden bigger egg /f/ few coffee leaf /v/ very travel have /θ/ thin birthday month 10 /ð/ that mother with 11 /s/ sit sister bus 12 /z/ zoo easy size 13 /ʃ/ shop fashion fresh 14 /ʒ/ measure vision garage 15 /tʃ/ chick kitchen which 16 /dʒ/ job major age Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 60 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 17 /m/ more lemon swim 18 /n/ new dinner sun 19 /ŋ/ ring bank thing 20 /h/ hot behind perhaps 21 /l/ learn below feel 22 /r/ room sorry four 23 /w/ way away what 24 /j/ yet student view Task 2: Read out the following sentences We had a delicious meal on Saturday We normally go on holiday by car, but this time we're going by bicycle I did ten grammar exercises yesterday Is Switzerland an expensive country? My son‟s seventeen and my father's seventy I had a long telephone conversation this afternoon (English Pronunciation in Use- Elementary, Jonathan Marks, 2007, p.71) Task 3: Read aloud the following the story I remember once on my first visit to England, soon after I started learning English, my landlady went shopping and she came back with a big bag full of things, but she forgot to buy some soup- She needed a tin of tomato soup So I said, “I‟ll go to the shop and buy it for you” because I wanted to be helpful and it was a chance to practice my English a bit So I went to the little shop around the corner and asked the shopkeeper for tomato soup But he seemed surprised, he didn‟t understand, and I repeated again and again “soup, tomato soup” until he gave me some red soap, and I realized I‟d confused “soup” and “soap” and I was asking for “tomato soap” I felt terrible, I wanted to run out of the shop, but my landlady wanted her soup, so I said, “Thank you And tomato soup, please” - Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 61 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an this time with the correct pronunciation - and he gave me the soup I paid and went back to the house and said to the landlady, pronouncing very carefully, “Here‟s your soup, and I bought you this soap as a present,” and she said, “Ooh, thank you very much, that‟s very nice of you!” (English Pronunciation in Use- Elementary, Jonathan Marks, 2007, p.65) THANKS FOR YOUR COOPERATION! Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 62 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an APPENDIX TAPE RECORDING TRANSCRIPTION Task 1: Read out the following words NO 10 11 SOUNDS /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ /f/ /v/ /θ/ /ð/ /s/ WORDS INITIAL MIDDLE FINAL pen happy stop /pen/ /ˈhæpi/ /stɒp/ big robber verb /bɪg/ /ˈrɒbə/ /vɜːb/ tea bottle light /tiː/ /ˈbɒtl/ /laɪt/ day middle food /deɪ/ /ˈmɪdl/ /fuːd/ car pocket tick /kɑː/ /ˈpɒkɪt/ /tɪk/ garden bigger egg /ˈgɑːdn/ /ˈbɪgə/ /eg/ few coffee leaf /fjuː/ /ˈkɒfi/ /liːf/ very travel have /ˈveri/ /ˈtrævl/ /hæv/ thin birthday month /θɪn/ /ˈbɜːθdeɪ/ /mʌnθ/ that mother with /ðæt/ /ˈmʌðə/ /wɪð/ sit sister bus /sɪt/ /ˈsɪstə/ /bʌs/ Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 63 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /h/ /l/ /r/ /w/ /j/ zoo easy size /zuː/ /ˈiːzi/ /saɪz/ shop fashion fresh /ʃɒp/ /ˈfæʃən/ /freʃ/ measure vision garage /ˈmeʒə/ /ˈvɪʒən/ /ˈgærɑːʒ/ chick kitchen which /ʧɪk/ /ˈkɪʧɪn/ /wɪʧ/ job major age /ʤɒb/ /ˈmeɪʤə/ /eɪʤ/ more lemon swim /mɔːr/ /ˈlemən/ /swɪm/ new dinner sun /njuː/ /ˈdɪnə/ /sʌn/ ring bank thing /rɪŋ/ /bæŋk/ /θɪŋ/ hot behind perhaps /hɒt/ /bɪˈhaɪnd/ /pəˈhæps/ learn below feel /lɜːn/ /bɪˈləʊ/ /fiːl/ room sorry four /ruːm/ /ˈsɔːri/ /fɔː/ way away what /weɪ/ /əˈweɪ/ /wɒt/ yet student view /jet/ /ˈstjuːdənt/ /vjuː/ Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 64 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Task 2: Read aloud the following sentences We had a delicious meal on Saturday /wi/ /hæd/ /ə/ /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ /miːl/ /ɒn/ /ˈsætədeɪ/ We normally go on holiday by car, but this time we're going by bicycle /wi/ /ˈnɔːməli/ /gəʊ/ /ɒn/ /ˈhɒlədeɪ/ /baɪ/ /kɑː/, /bʌt/ /ðɪs/ /taɪm/ /wɪə/ /ˈgəʊɪŋ/ /baɪ/ /ˈbaɪsɪkl/ I did ten grammar exercises yesterday /aɪ/ /dɪd/ /ten/ /ˈgræmər/ /ˈeksəsaɪzɪz/ /ˈjestədeɪ/ Is Switzerland an expensive country? /ɪz/ /ˈswɪtsələnd/ /ən/ /ɪksˈpensɪv/ /ˈkʌntri/? My son‟s seventeen and my father's seventy /maɪ/ /sʌnz/ /ˈsevənˈtiːn/ /ænd/ /maɪ/ /ˈfɑːðəz/ /ˈsevənti/ I had a long telephone conversation this afternoon /aɪ/ /hæd/ /ə/ /lɒŋ/ /ˈtelɪfəʊn/ /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃən/ /ðɪs/ /ˈɑːftəˈnuːn/ Task 3: Read aloud the following the story I remember once on my first visit to England, soon after I started learning English, my landlady went shopping and she came back with a big bag full of things, but she forgot to buy some soup- She needed a tin of tomato soup So I said, “I‟ll go to the shop and buy it for you” because I wanted to be helpful and it was a chance to practice my English a bit So I went to the little shop around the corner and asked the shopkeeper for tomato soup But he seemed surprised, he didn‟t understand, and I repeated again and again “soup, tomato soup” until he gave me some red soap, and I realized I‟d confused “soup” and “soap” and I was asking for “tomato soap” I felt terrible, I wanted to run out of the shop, but my landlady wanted her soup, so I said, “Thank you And tomato soup, please” this time with the correct pronunciation - and he gave me the soup I paid and went back to the house and said to the landlady, pronouncing very carefully, “Here‟s your soup, and I bought you this soap as a present,” and she said, “Ooh, thank you very much, that‟s very nice of you!” Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 65 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn