IEC/TR 62482 Edition 1.0 2008-02 TECHNICAL REPORT IEC/TR 62482:2008(E) LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Electrical installations in ships – Electromagnetic compatibility – Optimising of cable installations on ships – Testing method of routing distance THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright © 2008 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information IEC Central Office 3, rue de Varembé CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Email: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies About IEC publications The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…) It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub Stay up to date on all new IEC publications Just Published details twice a month all new publications released Available on-line and also by email Electropedia: www.electropedia.org The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary online Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service Centre FAQ or contact us: Email: csc@iec.ch Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU About the IEC IEC/TR 62482 Edition 1.0 2008-02 TECHNICAL REPORT INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 17.220.01; 47.020.60 PRICE CODE P ISBN 2-8318-9619-3 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Electrical installations in ships – Electromagnetic compatibility – Optimising of cable installations on ships – Testing method of routing distance –2– TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD INTRODUCTION Scope .6 Normative references .6 Terms and definitions .6 Principle 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Test 5.1 Susceptible interference threshold 5.2 Cable routing and distances Test 6.1 6.2 6.3 General Reference ground Signal detector (SD) Susceptible (drain) cable Interfering (source) cable Burst generator .8 set-up .8 General Test performance 10 Test result 10 Annex A (informative) Test Report: Performance of a routing optimising test 11 Bibliography 16 Figure – Routing distance and routing height .9 Figure – Test set-up 1: Unshielded susceptible cable Figure – Test set-up 2: Shielded susceptible cable 10 Figure A.1 – Test site with reference ground 12 Figure A.2 – Burst injection into interfering cable 14 Figure A.3 – Signal detector (SD) 14 Figure A.4 – Signal detector (SD), block diagram 15 Table – Cable categories .7 Table A.1 – Examples for test facilities 11 Table A.2 – Measured interference threshold values versus separation, height and type of susceptible cable 13 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) –3– INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS IN SHIPS – ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY – OPTIMISING OF CABLE INSTALLATIONS ON SHIPS – TESTING METHOD OF ROUTING DISTANCE FOREWORD 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter 5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example "state of the art" IEC 62482/TR, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 18: Electrical installations of ships and of mobile and fixed offshore units The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 18/1030/DTR 18/1041A/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees) The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”) Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work International, governmental and nongovernmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations –4– TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication At this date, the publication will be • • • • reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) –5– INTRODUCTION In accordance with IMO-Resolution A.694/6.1: “All reasonable and practicable steps shall be taken to ensure electromagnetic compatibility between the equipment concerned and other radio communication and navigational equipment carried on board in compliance with the relevant requirements of chapters III, IV and V of the SOLAS Convention.” To fulfil this requirement it is necessary to survey the chosen cables and cable installation with regard to EMC General Information about routing distances is mainly based on the German standard VG 95375-3 [4] This standard is based on tests performed in 1982 [2] In those days tests were performed mainly with sinusoidal signals in the frequency range of 0.1 MHz up to > 40 MHz and even today there is no reason to doubt these test results However, the question has often been raised whether these results are also adequate for unacceptable crosstalk into cables for integrated digital circuits In no case fast transients may affect the function inadmissibly where interference thresholds should be a maximum The measurements were accomplished to investigate this issue ————————— Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Basic rules for cabling in international shipbuilding are presently specified in the series of standards given in IEC 60092 [1] 1, requirements on dimensions of routing distances in cable systems are given in IEC 60533 and basic requirements on cable routing in IEC 60092-352 As the requirements differ between the relevant documents, the question of validity has been discussed internationally This applies particularly in regard to parallel routing of power electronics cables on the one hand and measuring and control equipment cables on the other hand TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) –6– ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS IN SHIPS – ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY – OPTIMISING OF CABLE INSTALLATIONS ON SHIPS – TESTING METHOD OF ROUTING DISTANCE Scope This Technical Report describes tests methods carried out to determine minimum routing distances in order to avoid crosstalk of fast transients (bursts) The test results may be applied to cable installations according to IEC 60092-352 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies IEC 60092-352, Electrical installations in ships – Part 352: Choice and installation of electrical cables IEC 60092-353, Electrical installations in ships – Part 353: Single and multicore non-radial field power cables with extruded solid insulation for rated voltages 1kV and kV IEC 60092-374, Electrical installations in ships – Part 374: Shipboard telecommunication cables and radio-frequency cables – Telephone cables for non-essential communication services IEC 60092-375, Electrical installations in ships – Part 375: Shipboard telecommunication cables and radio-frequency cables – General instrumentation, control and communication cables IEC 60092-376, Electrical installations in ships – Part 376: Cables for control and instrumentation circuits 150/250 V (300 V) IEC 60092-504, Electrical installations in ships – Part 504: Special features – Control and instrumentation IEC 60533:1999, compatibility Electrical and electronic installations in ships IEC 61000-4-4, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test – Electromagnetic and measurement IEC 61196-1, Coaxial communication cables – Part 1: Generic specification – General, definitions and requirements Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60533 and the following apply LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) –7– 3.1 cable category classification of a cable depending on the purpose or the kind of voltage (power supply, signal transmission) the cable is intended for NOTE Cable categories are shown in IEC 60533:1999, Table C.1 (categories and 4) or in VG 5375-3:2006, Table 2, categories and [4] 3.2 routing distance intermediate free space between cables or bundle of cables of different, i e interfering and susceptible, cable categories 3.4 signal detector (SD) electronic equipment used for detection and indication of disturbance 4.1 Principle General Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of electrical equipment or installations can be optimised by providing a defined distance between interfering and susceptible cable categories on cable routing On the other hand the special situation aboard may call for such a distance to be as low as possible With the test described in this technical report, the sufficient separation distance between cables of different categories can be quantified Definition numbers of the cable categories used in this technical report are stated in Table Table – Cable categories Cable for transmission of Voltage level V Analogue signals (Low frequency): telephone, loudspeaker and similar Emission/ immunity rating 0,1-115 Not disturbing / susceptible 10-1 000 Extremely disturbing / nonsusceptible Digital signals: control, automation, alarm High-power signals, pulsed high-power signals c High powered semiconductor converter output Number of cable categorya Cable type b Applicable standard Twisted; single screened; screened twisted pairs IEC 60092-374, IEC 60092-375, IEC 60092-376 Coaxial; screened power kV power cable – (Special cable) IEC 60092-353 a In accordance with IEC 60533 b The transfer impedance should be specified and should not exceed 30 mΩ/m at 10 MHz as determined by IEC 61196-1 c Cables for radar, sonar equipment and echo sounders should be double screen cables or coaxial cables inside protective piping LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU 3.3 routing height distance of cable or bundle of cables from reference ground (earth) –8– 4.2 TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) Reference ground Precondition to correct and reproducible measurement results is the simulation of the properties of the metallic ship's structure as reference ground This can be achieved by use of a metallic ground plane of an extensive area The minimum area should be 10 m × 10 m 4.3 Signal detector (SD) The signal detector serves as detecting device by signal processing and displaying the malfunction caused by the disturbance voltage It is connected with the susceptible cable Such a detecting device s hould simulate industrial manufactured digital electrical equipment, e g a storage-programmable logic controller, which has been chosen to be used for controlling and automation tasks in ships (see IEC 60092-504) Susceptible (drain) cable The susceptible cable serves as a receiver for the signal detector The cable length should match to the side length of the test area The following two types of cable should be used in this test • Type 1: two-wire unshielded cable, or • Type 2: four-wire shielded cable, e g in accordance with VG 95218-24 [3] 4.5 Interfering (source) cable The interfering cable is required to be of the same length as the susceptible cable and is fed by fast transient pulses relative to ground (earth) For interfering purposes the unshielded (type 1) cable should be used 4.6 Burst generator The fast transients pulses will be generated by a burst generator in accordance with IEC 61000-4-4 5.1 Test set-up Susceptible interference threshold To determine the positive and negative susceptible interference threshold values of the type of signal detector used, pulses of the burst generator output should be fed directly (short connection) to the power supply input of the signal detector during the tests 5.2 Cable routing and distances The susceptible cable and the interfering cable are routed in parallel to each other with a routing distance, d, in accordance with the cable category and a fixed distance, h, above reference ground (earth), see Figure LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU 4.4 TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) –9– d h IEC 271/08 Interfering cable d Routing distance Susceptible cable h Routing height Reference ground Figure – Routing distance and routing height Test 6.1 General The tests are performed with the cables stated in 4.3 and 4.4 The two different test-set ups are shown in the Figures and d IEC 272/08 Key Interfering cable: one wire to ground Signal detector (SD) Susceptible cable Power supply for SD Ferrite rings Burst generator d Routing distance Figure – Test set-up 1: Unshielded susceptible cable LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Key TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) – 10 – d Key See Figure Figure – Test set-up 2: Shielded susceptible cable 6.2 Test performance Increase the interference voltage at the output of the burst generator starting from 500 V until the signal detector responds to the detected pulses or until the maximum interference output voltage (4 kV) is reached The height, h, should be selected according to the special conditions decided upon For surface vessels a value of e g h = 100 mm applies (see Figure 1) The cable-cable coupling is varied by changing • the routing distance, d (fixed h), or • the routing height, h, above ground (fixed d) Example values for distances, d and h, are given in Table A.1 6.3 Test result The optimum value, d or h, is reached if no disturbances on the susceptible cable can be detected by the SD, • either for a given height, h, above ground at the acquired routing distance, d, or • for a given cable distance d, at the acquired routing height, h, above ground LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU IEC 273/08 TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) – 11 – Annex A (informative) Test Report: Performance of a routing optimising test A.1 A.1.1 Test facilities General The tests were performed at the EMC-Laboratory of the Technical University in Dresden, Germany, in 2002 and 2003 Table A.1 – Examples for test facilities Facility Manufacturer Type Remarks Burst generator EM-TEST, 59174 Kamen, Lünener Straße 211 UCS 500 Signal detector (SD) LANGER EMV-Technik, 01728 Bannewitz, Nöthnitzer Hang 31 VM 102 Power supply Hewlett Packard E 3615 A – Ferrite rings Würth Elektronik 7427/5 – Two-wire cable, unshielded Commercial mm × 0,75 mm – Four-wire cable, shielded Navy standard VG 95218 part 24 German naval type Paving stones Commercial 10 cm × 10 cm × cm Concrete A.1.2 In accordance with IEC 61000-4-4 Not in accordance with 4.3 Reference ground The reference ground used is designed as a zinc-coated wire gauze with a mesh width of 25 mm x 25 mm and a wire diameter of mm arranged on a plane including an area of 22 m x 22 m Each cross-over point is welded The wire gauze covers the area of the test site as shown in Figure A.1 A solution with equivalent properties may be used LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Examples of the test facilities used are given in Table A1 For other facilities and equipment and for the general test set-up, see Figures A.3 and A.4 TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) – 12 – 273/08 Figure A.1 – Test site with reference ground A.1.3 Signal detector The signal detector (SD) used was designed originally to demonstrate the influence of electrical fast transients (bursts), according to IEC 61000-4-4, on integrated circuits It operates with integrated circuits of the H-CMOS family such as program memory, processor unit with interface For indicating purposes, a running light chain of LEDs, a piezoelectric transducer or a relay could be connected with the interface outputs (see Figure A.4) The supply voltage input serves also as a susceptible input and was connected with the susceptible cable at one end The other end of the susceptible cable was protected by two ferrite rings and connected with a standard 12 V d.c power supply (see Figure A.2) A.1.4 Susceptible (drain) cable A cable length, l = 25 m, was used Firstly, a type cable (2 mm × 0,75 mm unshielded) was used For the second test run, a type cable in accordance with VG 95218-24 [3], two from four wires were used A.1.5 Interfering (source) cable Type cable was used for both test runs, length l, given in A.1.4 A.1.6 Burst generator The generator was able to produce pulse peak voltages of ± kV A.1.7 Susceptible inherence threshold values The measured susceptible interference threshold values in accordance with the requirements stated in 5.1 were +700 V and –500 V (see Table A.2, No and No 6) LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU IEC TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) – 13 – Table A.2 – Measured interference threshold values versus separation, height and type of susceptible cable No Routing distance d h interfering mm 600 not applicable 040 to 180 50 820 to 900 50 600 to 980 not applicable 50 10 11 100 susceptible interference threshold voltage +700 12 50 13 14 15 100 16 17 18 400 Two wires used < -4 000 -1 300 +2 700 -2 100 200 50 maximum generator output voltage > +4 000 +1 500 – (unshielded two-wire cable) -500 a 720 to 780 (shielded fourwire cable) a – +1 400 -1 200 > +4 000 < -4 000 maximum generator output voltage LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Remark V 200 Type of susceptible cable susceptible mm 100 Interference threshold voltage Routing height – 14 – TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) 274/08 Figure A.2 – Burst injection into interfering cable IEC Figure A.3 – Signal detector (SD) 275/08 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU IEC TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) – 15 – Key Programmable memory DC supply input, Voltage controller Processor unit Susceptible cable, fed from power supply Interface Display unit Figure A.4 – Signal detector (SD), block diagram A.2 A.2.1 Assessment of test results General Space criteria should be determined in order to achieve the maximum burst threshold with a minimal routing distance between cables without malfunction of the supplied equipment In all cases it is necessary that both the interfering and the susceptible cable are routed as close to the ground as possible A.2.2 Particular Single cables or bundles of cables of category on the one hand and category on the other hand, which run in parallel for lengths exceeding a couple of metres, should be installed with the maximum possible routing distance between the different categories and as close as possible to the ground or with a height above the ground not exceeding, h = 50 mm With a space, d = 50 mm, and a routing height, h = mm the highest threshold was > ± 000 V (interfered cable shielded four-wire type).In case of unshielded two-wire cables, the threshold decreases In order to achieve a threshold of > 000 V, the routing distance should increase to 200 mm It is necessary to confirm these results by further measurements LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU IEC 276/08 – 16 – TR 62482 © IEC:2008(E) Bibliography [1] IEC 60092 (all parts), Electrical installations in ships [2] Tode, Decoupling of electrical cables to achieve Electromagnetic Compatibility, Edition IV – Model of measuring – Test report, MTG Marinetechnik 1982 [3] VG 95218-24, Electrical cables and insulated wires – Part 24: Single core insulated wires with sheath; Detail specification [4] VG 95375-3:2006-01, Electromagnetic Compatibility – Fundamentals and measures for the development of systems – Part 3: Cabling ————————— Publisher of VG-Standards is the ”BWB – Bundesamt für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung – Federal agency for defence technology and procurement” LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU _ LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION 3, rue de Varembé P.O Box 131 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Tel: + 41 22 919 02 11 Fax: + 41 22 919 03 00 info@iec.ch www.iec.ch LICENSED TO MECON Limited - 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