Iec tr 61850 90 12 2015

I EC TR 61 850-90-1 ® Ed i ti on 201 5-07 TECH N ICAL REPORT colour i n sid e Comm u n i cati on n etworks an d system s for power u ti l i ty au tom ati on – I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: 20 5-0 7(e n ) Part 90-1 2: Wi de area n etwork en g i neeri n g gu i del i n es T H I S P U B L I C AT I O N I S C O P YRI G H T P RO T E C T E D C o p yri g h t © I E C , G e n e v a , S wi tz e rl a n d Al l or ri g h ts by re s e rve d an y e i th e r m eans, IEC c o p y ri g h t yo u r IEC 3, or or l ocal I EC C e n t l ru e de CH -1 21 I E C's h a ve U n l es s o th e rwi s e e l e c t ro n i c or m em be r an N ati o n a l e n q u i ry m em be r s p e c i fi e d , m e ch a n i c a l , a bo u t N a ti o n a l no p a rt i n cl u d i n g C o m m i t te e o b ta i n i n g C o m m i tt e e th e p u b l i c a ti o n c o u n t ry a d d i ti o n a l fo r O ffi c e in of th i s p h o t o c o p yi n g fu rt h e r ri g h t s an d of th e to th i s re p ro d u c e d re q u e s t e r wi t h o u t If yo u h a ve pl eas e or u ti l i z e d p e rm i s s i o n an y c o n t a ct in in an y q u e s ti o n s th e fo rm wri t i n g fro m ab o u t a d d re s s I EC bel ow or i n fo rm a t i o n Tel : + 41 22 91 02 1 F a x: +41 22 91 03 00 G e n e va i n fo @ i e c c h 20 be p u b l i c a ti o n , V a re m b é S wi t ze rl a n d m ay m i c ro fi l m , www i e c c h Ab ou t th e I E C Th e I n t e rn a ti o n a l I n t e rn a t i o n a l E l e c t ro t e c h n i c a l S t a n d a rd s fo r al l Com m i ssi o n e l e c t ri c a l , (I E C ) e l e c t ro n i c and is th e re l a t e d l ea d i n g g l obal o rg a n i z a t i o n th a t p re p a re s an d pu bl i sh es tech n o l o g i es Ab o u t I E C p u b l i ca ti o n s Th e tech n i cal l ates t e d i ti o n , co n te n t a of IEC c o rri g e n d a p u b l i c a ti o n s or an is ke p t am en d m en t u n d er might c o n s ta n t h a ve been I E C C atal og u e - webs tore i ec ch /catal og u e Th e s ta n d - a l o n e b i b l i o g p h i ca l Te ch n i ca l a p p l i cati o n i n fo rm ati o n on S p eci fi cati o n s , d o cu m e n ts Ava i l a b l e fo r fo r I EC PC, M ac th e I n te rn a ti o n a l An d ro i d e n ti re S ta n d a rd s , Re p o rts OS, an d o th e r Ta b l ets an d i Pad a d va n ce d va ri e ty of s e a rch e n a b l es cri te ri a com m i tte e , … ) an d th e Th e wo rl d ' s e l e ctri ca l wi th d wn It to (re fe re n ce al so g i ve s fi n d I EC i n fo rm ati o n on P l e as e m a ke s u re th a t yo u h a ve th e d e fi n i ti o n s in a d d i ti o n a l on l i n e co n ta i n i n g Engl ish an d l an g u ag es d i cti o n a ry m o re F re n ch , Al s o Voca b u l a ry th a n wi th e l e ctro n i c 000 as th e an d te rm s e q u i va l e n t kn o wn (I E V) of 30 te rm s an d in I n te rn a ti o n a l on l i n e I E C G l os s ary - s td i ec ch /g l os s ary p u b l i ca ti o n s n u m b e r, I EC l ead i n g te rm s E l e ctro tech n i ca l I E C pu bl i cati on s s earch - www i ec ch /s earch pu b Th e by E l ectroped i a - www el ectroped i a org co n s u l ti n g Te ch n i ca l re vi e w pu bl i sh ed te xt, by a tech n i cal p ro j e cts , re p l a ce d M o re th a n En g l i sh cl a u s e h a ve p u b l i ca ti o n s 77, 60 an d of I EC been 86 an d 000 F re n ch e l ectrote ch n i ca l e xtra cte d p u b l i cati o n s co l l ecte d from from i ss u e d e a rl i e r te rm i n o l o g y th e Te rm s s i n ce an d 2002 p u b l i ca ti o n s e n tri e s S om e of in D e fi n i ti o n s I EC e n tri e s TC 37, CI S P R I E C J u s t Pu bl i s h ed - webs tore i ec ch /j u s tpu bl i s h ed S ta y up d e ta i l s al so to al l o n ce d ate n ew a on al l n ew p u b l i cati o n s m o n th b y em a i l I EC p u b l i ca ti o n s re l ea s e d J ust Ava i l a b l e P u bl i sh ed on l i n e an d I E C C u s tom er S ervi ce C en tre - webs tore i ec ch /cs c If yo u n eed wi s h to g i ve us fu rth e r a ss i s ta n ce , C e n tre : csc@ i ec ch yo u r fe e d b a ck p l e as e ta ct on th e th i s p u b l i ca ti o n or C u s tom e r S e rvi ce I E C TR 61 850 -9 -1 ® Ed i ti on 201 5-07 TE C H N I C AL RE PORT colour i n sid e C om m u n i cati on n etworks an d s ys tem s for power u ti l i ty au tom ati on – P art -1 2: Wi d e area n etwork en g i n eeri n g g u i d el i n es I N TERN ATI ON AL ELECTROTECH N I CAL COM MI SSI ON I CS 33 200 I SB N 978-2-8322-2806-7 Warn i n g ! M ake s u re th at you obtai n ed th i s pu bl i cati on from an au th ori zed d i stri bu tor ® Reg i stered trad emark of th e I n ternati on al El ectrotech ni cal Commi ssi on – – I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC C O N TE N TS F O R E W O RD 1 I N T RO D U C T I O N S cope N o rm a ti ve re fe re n ce s T e rm s , d e fi n i ti o n s , a b b re vi a ti o n s , a cro n ym s a n d s ym b o l s T e rm s a n d d e fi n i ti o n s Ab b re vi a ti o n s a n d a cro n ym s 3 N e two rk d i a g m s ym b o l s W i d e Are a C o m m u n i c a ti o n i n e l e c tri c a l u ti l i ti e s 4 E x e cu ti ve s u m m a ry 4 U s e C a s e : E N D E S A, An d a l u s i a ( S p a i n ) T yp i ca l i n te rfa ce b e twe e n a s u b s ta ti o n a n d th e W AN 4 W AN ch a c te ri s ti cs a n d a cto rs S G AM M a p p i n g 4 N e two rk e l e m e n ts a n d vo l ta g e l e ve l 4 W AN i n te rfa c e s i n s u b s ta ti o n a u to m a ti o n ( I E C - ) 4 L o g i c a l i n te rfa c e s a n d p ro to c o l s i n th e T C Arc h i te c tu re I E C T R 4 N e two rk tra ffi c a n d o wn e rs h i p W AN o ve l l re q u i re m e n ts a n d d a ta tra n s m i s s i o n m e tri cs 5 T ffi c t yp e s 5 Q u a l i t y o f S e rvi c e ( Q o S ) o f T D M a n d P S N L a te n c y ca l c u l a ti o n L a te n c y co m p o n e n ts P ro p a g a ti o n d e l a y 3 Re s i d e n c e d e l a y L a te n c y a cc u m u l a ti o n 5 E xa m p l e : l a te n c y o f a m i cro wa ve s ys te m L a te n c y a n d d e te rm i n i s m 7 L a te n c y c l a s s e s i n I E C - J i tte r 5 J i tte r d e fi n i ti o n 5 J i tte r c l a s s e s i n I E C 5 L a te n c y s ym m e try a n d p a th c o n g ru e n c y 5 M e d i u m a s ym m e try 5 C o m m u n i c a ti o n s p e e d s ym m e try 5 Re c o ve ry d e l a y 5 T i m e a ccu c y 5 T i m e a ccu c y d e fi n i ti o n 5 T i m e a ccu c y cl a s s e s T o l e n c e a g a i n s t fa i l u re s 5 1 F a i l u re 5 Re l i a b i l i t y 5 Re d u n d a n c y p ri n c i p l e s 5 Re d u n d a n c y a n d re l i a b i l i ty 5 5 Re d u n d a n c y ch e cki n g 6 Re d u n d a n t l a yo u t: s i n g l e p o i n t o f fa i l u re IEC TR 61 850-90-1 2: 201 © I EC 201 –3– Redundant layout: cross-redundancy 57 Maintainability 58 Availability 58 1 Integrity 60 1 Dependability 62 1 Example: Dependability of GOOSE transmission 62 Applications analysis 62 Application kinds 62 Teleprotection (IF2 & IF1 ) 63 Teleprotection schemes 63 2 Teleprotection data kinds 64 Teleprotection requirements for latency 64 Teleprotection requirements for latency asymmetry 64 Teleprotection requirements for integrity 64 6 Teleprotection summary 65 Telecontrol (IF1 , I F6) 65 Substation to control centre (I F1 0) 66 CMD (IF7) 67 CMD overview 67 CMD communication requirements 67 6 Control Centre to Control Centre (IF1 2) 67 Wide Area Monitoring System (IF1 3) 68 WAMS overview 68 WAMS topology 68 WAMS communication requirements 70 Wide area monitoring, protection and control (WAMPAC) IF1 71 WAMPAC overview 71 WAMPAC communication requirements 71 Use case WAMPAC 73 Wind turbines and wind virtual power plants 74 Distributed Energy and Renewables (DER) 74 1 Summary of communication requirements for WAN 74 Wide-area and real-time network technologies 75 Introduction 75 Topology 75 Overview 76 Layer (ph ysical) transmission media 78 Summary 78 Installation guidelines 78 Metallic lines 79 4 Power line carrier (PLC) 80 Radio transmission 84 Fiber optics 89 7 Layer redundancy 96 Use case: Diverse redundancy against extreme contingencies (H ydroQuebec) 97 Layer security 98 Layer ,5 (physical) multiplexing 98 Layer (link) technologies 99 – – I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC T e l e p h o n y te c h n o l o g i e s 9 S D H /S O N E T 1 O p ti c a l T n s p o rt N e two rk 1 E th e rn e t 1 E th e rn e t o ve r T D M 2 6 C a rri e r E th e rn e t 7 Au d i o - Vi d e o B ri d g i n g P ro vi d e r B a ckb o n e B ri d g e ( P B B ) M u l ti p ro to c o l L a b e l S wi tc h i n g ( M P L S ) 7 L a ye r ( n e two rk) te ch n o l o g i e s 7 I n te rn e t P ro to co l ( I P ) 7 I P QoS 48 7 I P m u l ti ca s t 7 I P re d u n d a n c y 7 I P s e cu ri t y 7 I P c o m m u n i c a ti o n fo r u ti l i ti e s 7 I P s u m m a ry L a ye r ( tra n s p o rt) p ro to co l s 7 T n s p o rt l a ye r e n c a p s u l a ti o n 7 U DP 57 TCP 58 L a ye r re d u n d a n c y 9 L a ye r s e c u ri t y L a ye r ( s e s s i o n ) a n d h i g h e r 9 S e s s i o n l a ye r 9 Ro u ta b l e G O O S E a n d S M V E xa m p l e : C 1 tra n s m i s s i o n S e s s i o n p ro to c o l fo r vo i c e a n d vi d e o tra n s m i s s i o n Ap p l i c a ti o n i n te rfa ce re d u n d a n c y Ap p l i c a ti o n d e vi c e re d u n d a n c y P ro to c o l o ve rl a y – tu n n e l i n g 1 D e fi n i ti o n s T u n n e l i n g p ri n c i p l e T u n n e l i n g L a ye r o ve r L a ye r U se Case: Tu n n el i n g G O OS E an d S M V i n I EC 61 850 64 C i rc u i t e m u l a ti o n s e rvi c e ( C E S ) 1 Vi rtu a l P ri va te N e two rks ( VP N s ) 1 VP N p ri n c i p l e s 1 L VP N s 1 L VP N m u l ti c a s t o n M P L S 7 1 L VP N 7 1 VP N m a p p i n g to a p p l i ca ti o n 7 C yb e r S e c u ri t y 7 S e cu ri t y c i rc l e s 7 2 N e two rk s e c u ri t y 7 Acc e s s C o n tro l T h re a t d e te cti o n a n d m i ti g a ti o n S e cu ri t y a rc h i te ctu re Ap p l i c a ti o n ( e n d - to - e n d ) co m m u n i c a ti o n s e c u ri t y I E C TR 850-90-1 2: 01 © I EC 01 7 S e cu ri t y fo r s yn ch ro p h a s o r ( P M U ) n e two rks ( I E C T R - - ) 8 Ad d i ti o n a l re co m m e n d a ti o n s 7 Q o S a n d a p p l i ca ti o n - s p e ci fi c e n g i n e e ri n g 7 G e n e l 7 S D H /S O N E T Q o S a n d S L A 7 3 PSN QoS an d SLA 87 Ap p l i c a ti o n a n d p ri o ri t y 8 Q o S c h a i n b e twe e n n e two rks 8 Q o S m a p p i n g b e twe e n n e two rks 7 Q o S e n g i n e e ri n g C u s to m e r re s tri cti o n s 9 C l o ck s e rvi c e s C o n fi g u ti o n a n d O AM N e two rk co n fi g u ti o n O AM – – T i m e s yn ch ro n i za ti o n O s ci l l a to r s ta b i l i t y M u tu a l s yn c h ro n i za ti o n D i re c t s yn ch ro n i za ti o n Ra d i o s yn ch ro n i za ti o n 5 G N S S s yn ch ro n i za ti o n F re q u e n c y d i s tri b u ti o n 7 T i m e d i s tri b u ti o n P T P te l e c o m m u n i ca ti o n p ro fi l e s P T P o ve r M P L S C o m p a ri s o n o f ti m e d i s tri b u ti o n p ro fi l e s b a s e d o n I E C 8 1 U s e C a s e : S yn c h ro p h a s o r ti m e s yn ch ro n i za ti o n U s e ca s e : Ato m i c C l o ck H i e rc h y U s e ca s e s U s e ca s e : C u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l te l e p ro te c ti o n s ys te m ( J a p a n ) U s e ca s e : S D H / M P L S n e two rk ( J a p a n ) U s e C a s e : W i d e a re a s ta b i l i zi n g c o n tro l s ys te m ( J a p a n ) 1 U s e C a s e : e x p e ri m e n ta l P M U - b a s e d W AM P AC s ys te m B i b l i o g p h y F i g u re – S ym b o l s 3 F i g u re – S u b s ta ti o n l o c a ti o n s i n An d a l u s i a F i g u re – T o p o l o g y o f th e An d a l u s i a n e two rk F i g u re – C a b i n e t o f th e s u b s ta ti o n e d g e n o d e F i g u re – C o m m u n i c a ti o n i n te rfa c e s i n a S E N F i g u re – C o m m u n i c a ti n g e n ti ti e s F i g u re – S G AM c o m m u n i ca ti o n m o d e l F i g u re – P ri n ci p l e o f g ri d vo l ta g e l e ve l a n d n e two rk te c h n o l o g y F i g u re – C o m m u n i c a ti o n p a th s a n d i n te rfa ce s F i g u re – I E C T R I n te rfa ce s , p ro to c o l s a n d a p p l i c a ti o n s 4 F i g u re 1 – C o m p o s i ti o n o f e n d - to - e n d l a te n c y i n a m i cro wa ve re l a y F i g u re – E xa m p l e o f l a te n c y i n fu n cti o n o f tra ffi c – – I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC F i g u re – J i tte r fo r two co m m u n i c a ti o n d e l a y t yp e s F i g u re – P re c i s i o n a n d a cc u c y d e fi n i ti o n s F i g u re – R e d u n d a n c y o f re d u n d a n t s ys te m s F i g u re – R e d u n d a n c y ca l cu l a ti o n F i g u re – R e d u n d a n c y l a yo u t wi th s i n g l e p o i n t o f fa i l u re F i g u re – R e d u n d a n c y l a yo u t wi th cro s s - co u p l i n g F i g u re – Ava i l a b i l i t y d e fi n i ti o n s F i g u re – R e s i d u a l e rro r te i n fu n cti o n o f th e B E R F i g u re – P ri n c i p l e o f s yn ch ro p h a s o r tra n s m i s s i o n F i g u re 2 – T a rg e t p h e n o m e n a fo r W AM P AC F i g u re – E xa m p l e o f m a i n fu n c ti o n a n d g e n e l i n fo rm a ti o n fl o w F i g u re – P M U s a n d d a ta fl o w b e twe e n T S O a n d re g i o n a l d a ta h u b s F i g u re – N e two rk to p o l o g y ( C a rri e r E th e rn e t) F i g u re – P h a s e - to - g ro u n d co u p l i n g fo r P L C F i g u re – H V P L C c o u p l i n g wi th s u s p e n d e d l i n e tra p s F i g u re – P h a s e to p h a s e s i g n a l c o u p l i n g fo r P L C F i g u re – P h a s e - to - p h a s e s i g n a l c o u p l i n g F i g u re – P o we r l i n e c a rri e r, l i n e tra p s F i g u re – T e rre s tri a l m i cro wa ve l i n k F i g u re – L a ye r tra n s p o rt o n d i o s ys te m s 8 F i g u re 3 – R a d i o n e two rk i n fe e d e r a u to m a ti o n F i g u re – AD S S fi b e r c a b l e F i g u re – AD S S i n s ta l l a ti o n wi th s p l i c i n g b o x F i g u re – O P G W i n g ro u n d ca b l e F i g u re – O P G W wi th two “ C ” - tu b e s wi th e a c h fi b e rs F i g u re – O P G W fi b e rs F i g u re – S p l i c i n g b o x F i g u re – W D M o ve r o n e fi b e r F i g u re – O C h o p ti c a l co m p o n e n ts F i g u re – O p ti c a l l i n k wi th m i cro wa ve b a ck - u p F i g u re – P i ctu re o f p a rti a l l y d e s tro ye d kV l i n e F i g u re 4 – E a n d E c h a n n e l 0 F i g u re – D i g i ta l T n s m i s s i o n H i e rc h y ( T – S ta n d a rd s ) 0 F i g u re – D i g i ta l T n s m i s s i o n H i e rc h y ( E - s ta n d a rd ) 1 F i g u re – E xa m p l e o f a n S D H n e two rk fo r u ti l i ti e s F i g u re – S O N E T m u l ti p l e xi n g h i e rc h y F i g u re – S D H m u l ti p l e xi n g h i e rch y F i g u re – S D H /S O N E T wi th p o i n t- to - p o i n t to p o l o g y F i g u re – S D H /S O N E T wi th l i n e a r to p o l o g y F i g u re – B L S R/B S H R to p o l o g y i n n o rm a l c o n d i ti o n s ( fro m A to D ) F i g u re – B L S R/B S H R to p o l o g y i n fa i l u re c o n d i ti o n s F i g u re – U P S R/U S H R to p o l o g y i n n o rm a l c o n d i ti o n s F i g u re 5 – U P S R/U S H R to p o l o g y i n fa i l u re co n d i ti o n s I E C TR 850-90-1 2: 01 © I EC 01 – – F i g u re – E xa m p l e o f i n fo rm a ti o n fl o w re l a ti o n s h i p i n O T N 1 F i g u re – I E E E ( E th e rn e t) fra m e fo rm a t 1 F i g u re – I E E E ( E th e rn e t) to p o l o g y wi th R S T P s wi tc h e s ( I E C T R - - ) 1 F i g u re – I E E E Q - ta g g e d E th e rn e t fra m e fo rm a t 1 F i g u re – D i re ct E th e rn e t wi th VL AN i n s u b s ta ti o n - to - s u b s ta ti o n tra n s m i s s i o n 1 F i g u re – S u b s ta ti o n - to - s u b s ta ti o n L a ye r tra n s m i s s i o n tu n n e l e d o ve r I P 1 F i g u re – P R P s tru ctu re ( wi th i n a n d o u ts i d e a s u b s ta ti o n ) 1 F i g u re – H S R ri n g c o n n e c ti n g s u b s ta ti o n s a n d co n tro l c e n tre 1 F i g u re – M AC s e c fra m e fo rm a t F i g u re – I E E E X p ri n c i p l e F i g u re 6 – E th e rn e t fo r s u b s ta ti o n - to - s u b s ta ti o n co m m u n i c a ti o n 2 F i g u re – P a cke ts o ve r T D M F i g u re – I E E E Q /a d /a h n e two rk c o n fi g u ti o n F i g u re – C a s e o f I E E E Q /a d n e two rk fo r u ti l i t y F i g u re – B a s i c M P L S a rch i te c tu re F i g u re – E xa m p l e o f M P L S fra m e fo rm a t wi th I P v4 p a yl o a d F i g u re – M P L S b u i l d i n g b l o cks F i g u re – M P L S n e two rk a rch i te ctu re fo r u ti l i ti e s F i g u re – I P /M P L S a n d M P L S - T P fe a tu re s F i g u re – M P L S - T P re d u n d a n t ro u ti n g F i g u re – E th e rn e t fra m e wi th I P n e two rk h e a d e r F i g u re 7 – M a p p i n g o f I P v4 to E th e rn e t fra m e s F i g u re – M a p p i n g o f I P v6 to E th e rn e t fra m e s F i g u re – I P v6 u n i ca s t a d d re s s s tru ctu re F i g u re – I P v6 U L A a d d re s s s tru c tu re F i g u re – I P v6 l i n k l o ca l a d d re s s s tru ctu re F i g u re – M a p p i n g o f I P v4 to I P v6 a d d re s s e s F i g u re – I P v6 e vo l u ti o n F i g u re – I E C s ta ck wi th I P v4 a n d I P v6 F i g u re – D i ffS e rv c o d e p o i n t fi e l d F i g u re – U n i d i re c ti o n a l p ro to c o l i n d e p e n d e n t m u l ti c a s t F i g u re – B i d i re cti o n a l p ro to co l i n d e p e n d e n t m u l ti c a s t F i g u re 8 – F m e fo rm a t fo r I P s e c ( a u th e n ti ca te d ) F i g u re – F m e fo rm a t fo r I P s e c ( e n cryp te d ) F i g u re – L a ye r d i re c t c o n n e cti o n wi th i n s a m e a d d re s s s p a ce F i g u re – C o n n e cti n g s u b s ta ti o n s to S C AD A b y a N AT 5 F i g u re – S u b s ta ti o n to S C AD A co n n e cti o n o ve r AL G F i g u re – E th e rn e t fra m e wi th U D P tra n s p o rt l a ye r F i g u re – U D P h e a d e r F i g u re – T C P h e a d e r F i g u re – S e s s i o n a n d p re s e n ta ti o n l a ye rs fo r M M S F i g u re – S e s s i o n a n d p re s e n ta ti o n l a ye rs fo r R- G O O S E F i g u re – I E E E C 1 fra m e o ve r U D P – – I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC F i g u re 9 – R e d u n d a n t n e two rk tra n s m i s s i o n h a n d l e d b y th e a p p l i ca ti o n l a ye r F i g u re 0 – T u n n e l i n g i n I E C T R - - F i g u re 1 – L T P tra n s p o rti n g L a ye r fra m e s o ve r I P F i g u re – T u n n e l i n g G O O S E o ve r I P i n I E C T R - - F i g u re – P s e u d o - wi re p ri n c i p l e 6 F i g u re – N o n - I P vo i c e c o m m u n i ca ti o n o ve r P S N F i g u re – C i rc u i t e m u l a ti o n o ve r P S N F i g u re – L VP N s VP W S a n d VP L S F i g u re – L VP N F i g u re – E m u l a ti o n o f L VP N b y L VP N a n d g l o b a l ro u te r F i g u re – T e l e - p ro te cti o n o ve r VP W S , F i g u re 1 – W AM S o ve r VP L S F i g u re 1 – VP N fo r I P - b a s e d S C AD A/E M S tra ffi c F i g u re 1 – VP N d e p l o ym e n t o p ti o n s F i g u re 1 – I P n e two rk s e p a to r F i g u re 1 – S e c u ri t y a rc h i te ctu re ( u s i n g s e g m e n ta ti o n a n d p e ri m e te r s e cu ri t y) F i g u re 1 – Q o S ch a i n F i g u re 1 – T i m i n g p u l s e tra n s m i s s i o n m e th o d s o f l e g a c y te l e p ro te c ti o n d e vi ce s F i g u re 1 – S yn c E a p p l i ca ti o n F i g u re 1 – S yn c h ro n o u s E th e rn e t Arch i te c tu re F i g u re 1 – S N T P cl o ck s yn c h ro n i za ti o n a n d n e two rk d e l a y m e a s u re m e n t F i g u re – M o d e l o f G M C , two B C s i n s e ri e s a n d S C o ve r L a ye r 0 F i g u re – T i m i n g d i a g m o f P T P ( e n d - to - e n d , - s te p , B C s ) 0 F i g u re 2 – T i m i n g d i a g m o f P T P ( p e e r- to - p e e r, - s te p T C s ) F i g u re – S u b s ta ti o n s s yn c h ro n i za ti o n o ve r W AN F i g u re – E x a m p l e o f s yn ch ro n i za ti o n n e two rk F i g u re – C u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l : c o n fi g u ti o n F i g u re – N e two rk c o n fi g u ti o n fo r c e n tra l i ze d m u l ti - te rm i n a l l i n e p ro te cti o n F i g u re – N e two rk c o n fi g u ti o n fo r d i s tri b u te d m u l ti - te rm i n a l l i n e p ro te cti o n F i g u re – C u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l te l e p ro te cti o n fo r H V m u l ti - te rm i n a l tra n s m i s s i o n l i n e u s i n g L a ye r n e two rk F i g u re – C o n fi g u ti o n o f wi d e a re a c u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l p ri m a ry a n d b a cku p te l e p ro te c ti o n s ys te m e m p l o yi n g C a rri e r E th e rn e t a n d I E C 8 ti m e s yn c h ro n i za ti o n F i g u re – Ac h i e vi n g p ro te cti o n fo r te l e p ro te c ti o n s e rvi ce s 1 F i g u re – S ys te m co n fi g u ti o n fo r wi d e a re a s ta b i l i zi n g c o n tro l s ys te m 2 F i g u re – Ap p e a n ce o f t yp i c a l C C E ca b i n e t F i g u re 3 – C o n fi g u ti o n fo r P M U - b a s e d W AM P AC s ys te m T a b l e – L a te n c y c l a s s e s i n I E C - T a b l e – L a te n c y c l a s s e s i n I E C T R - - T a b l e – L a te n c y c l a s s e s fo r W AN s T a b l e – J i tte r c l a s s e s i n I E C T R - - T a b l e – J i tte r c l a s s e s fo r W AN T a b l e – R e c o ve ry d e l a y c l a s s e s fo r W AN – 206 – IEC TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC 201 IEC F i g u re – E xa m p l e o f s yn ch ro n i z a ti o n n e two rk U se cas es Th i s U s e c a s e : C u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l t e l e p ro t e cti o n s ys te m ( J a p a n ) s ys t e m S ys t e m been in c o n fi g u r a t i o n s d i s t ri b u t e d F i g u re h as i n cl u d e m u l t i - t e rm i n a l 25 s e l e c te d s h o ws th e o p e t i o n b y TE PCO :1 , p ro t e c t i o n :1 s i n ce c e n t l i z e d J a n u a ry m u l t i - t e rm i n a l [47] , [5 ] p ro t e c t i o n c o n fi g u t i o n , an d c o n fi g u t i o n c o n fi g u t i o n w h e re v a ri o u s c o m m u n i ca ti o n ch a n n e l s ca n be I E C TR 850-90-1 2: 01 © I EC 01 – 207 – CB CB Instantaneous value-based (54 kbps) 54 kb ps 54 M b ps Asyn chronous Asyn chronous M u ltiple xe r M u ltiple xe r Instantaneous value-based (1.544 Mbps) Cu rren t D iffe ren tial Cu rre n t Mi crowave rad i o/ Fi ber opti c/ Metal l i c cabl e Rela y (1 544 Mbps × D ifferen tial 54 M bps Re lay n) Phasor-based RS -2 C kb ps I TU -T V I TU -T V M od em M od e m IEC F i g u re – C u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l : c o n fi g u t i o n F i g u re s h o ws a n e x a m p l e o f l i n e p ro te c ti o n fo r a fi ve - te rm i n a l E H V l i n e E a c h te rm i n a l h a s a te rm i n a l u n i t th a t d e te cts th e c u rre n t a n d tra n s m i ts th e d a ta to th e m a i n u n i t te rm i n a l vi a a c o m m u n i c a ti o n c h a n n e l T h i s co n fi g u ti o n s i m p l i fi e s th e te rm i n a l u n i ts a n d c o m m u n i ca ti o n ch a n n e l s S i n c e th e m a i n u n i t h a s c u rre n t d a ta o f a l l te rm i n a l s , th e fa u l t l o ca to r fu n cti o n ca n b e e a s i l y i m p l e m e n te d b y u s i n g th e s e d a ta IEC F i g u re – N e two rk c o n fi g u ti o n fo r ce n tra l i ze d m u l ti -te rm i n a l l i n e p ro te cti o n F i g u re s h o ws a d i s tri b u te d c o n fi g u ti o n o f fi ve - te rm i n a l c u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l l i n e p ro te c ti o n s ys te m E ach te rm i n a l h a s th e c u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l p ro te cti o n fu n cti o n as we l l a s th e s i g n a l tra n s m i tti n g fu n cti o n th a t m u l ti p l e x e s c u rre n t d a ta a t e a c h te rm i n a l i n to o n e c o m m u n i c a ti o n si g n al M a s te r s ta ti o n A s e n d s i ts o wn c u rre n t d a ta to s l a ve s ta ti o n B S l a ve s ta ti o n s B , C , D a n d E m u l ti p l e x th e i r cu rre n t d a ta o ve r co m m u n i c a ti o n s i g n a l S l a ve s ta ti o n E tu rn s b a ck th i s s i g n a l to wa rd s l a ve s ta ti o n D N o w c u rre n t d a ta of al l te rm i n a l s a re on c o m m u n i c a ti o n line an d en abl es th e a va i l a b l e fo r p ro te cti o n In a d d i ti o n , th i s s ys te m co n ta i n s sam pli n g s yn ch ro n i za ti o n fu n c ti o n th a t s i m u l ta n e o u s s a m p l i n g o f cu rre n t d a ta a t e a ch te rm i n a l wi th h i g h a ccu c y M a n y i n s ta l l a ti o n s we re c o n d u c te d u s i n g a , 4 M b i t/s fi b e r- o p ti c c o m m u n i c a ti o n s c h a n n e l fo r H V d o u b l e - c i rc u i t m u l ti - te rm i n a l ( u p to te n te rm i n a l s ) o r ta p p e d l i n e s I n th i s n e two rk co n fi g u ti o n wh e re c u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l ca l c u l a ti o n o n l y m a s te r s ta ti o n is u s u a l l y c a rri e d o u t a t e ach co n d u c ts th e c a l cu l a ti o n s ta ti o n s i s a l s o a va i l a b l e an d te rm i n a l , sends a c e n tra l i ze d s ch e m e wh e re th e tra n s fe r tri p s i g n a l to a l l s l a ve – 208 – I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC Ry Ry CB CB CB CB CB Ry Ry Ry Co m m u nicati o n C h a n ne l (1 4 M b p s) Lo o p e d B a ck U n u sed Ch a n n el IEC F i g u re – N e two rk c o n fi g u ti o n fo r d i s tri b u te d m u l t i -t e rm i n a l l i n e p ro te cti o n D e l a y p e rfo rm a n c e a n a l ys i s o f L a ye r a n d /o r L a ye r - b a s e d n e two rks fo r cu rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l te l e p ro te c ti o n i n d i c a te s th a t a L a ye r - b a s e d n e two rk i s e as i l y a p pl i ca b l e to th e wi d e - a re a a p p l i ca ti o n A c u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l te l e p ro te cti o n s ys te m fo r H V tra n s m i s s i o n l i n e u s i n g L a ye r n e two rk d e d i ca te d to p ro te cti o n s ys t e m s wa s d e ve l o p e d a s s h o wn i n F i g u re IEC F i g u re – C u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l te l e p ro te cti o n fo r H V m u l ti -te rm i n a l tra n s m i s s i o n l i n e u s i n g L a ye r n e two rk C o n ve n ti o n a l c u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l re l a ys u s e a d e d i ca te d h a rd wa re to m e a s u re th e ti m i n g o f s e n d i n g a n d re c e i vi n g i n o rd e r to p e rfo rm s a m p l i n g s yn c h ro n i za ti o n H o we ve r, a g e n e l p u rp o s e N e two rk I n te rfa c e C o n tro l l e r ( N I C ) c a n n o t m e a s u re th i s ti m i n g As a s o l u ti o n , a ti m i n g m e a s u re m e n t c i rc u i t wa s a d d e d i n s i d e th e re l a y to m e a s u re th e ti m i n g o f s e n d i n g a n d re c e i vi n g I n a d d i ti o n , E th e rn e t fra m e wi th VL AN ta g b a s e d o n I E E E Q i s I E C TR 850-90-1 2: 01 © I EC 01 – 209 – a p p l i e d H o we ve r, th e co l l i s i o n o f d a t a fra m e u s e d fo r c a l cu l a ti o n o f cu rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l re l a ys a n d s yn c h ro n i zi n g fra m e a ffe cts th e p re c i s i o n o f s a m p l i n g s yn c h ro n i za ti o n T h i s i s s u e i s s o l ve d b y p ri o ri ti zi n g th e s yn c h ro n i zi n g fra m e Ve ri fi c a ti o n te s ts h a ve s h o wn a sam pl i n g s yn c h ro n i za ti o n p e rfo rm a n ce c o m p a b l e to th e c o n ve n ti o n a l cu rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l re l a y s ys te m s I n a d d i ti o n , d u ri n g s wi tch i n g o f tra n s m i s s i o n ro u te s , th e c o n ve n ti o n a l s ys te m l oses i ts p ro te c ti o n fu n cti o n s wh e re a s th i s s ys te m e l i m i n a te s su ch i ssu e by re d u n d a n t tra n s m i s s i o n ro u te s a n d re l a y fu n cti o n s T h i s a l s o s o l ve s th e I P n e two rk’ s l o w re l i a b i l i t y T h e a b o ve m e n ti o n e d E th e rn e t- b a s e d l i n e te l e p ro te c ti o n ( p ri m a ry p ro te cti o n ) c a n b e e xte n d e d to wi d e a re a ( c o ve ri n g te n s o f s u b s ta ti o n s a n d h u n d re d s o f ki l o m e te rs o f tra n s m i s s i o n l i n e s ) cu rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l b a cku p te l e p ro te cti o n u ti l i zi n g C a rri e r E th e rn e t a n d ti m e s yn c h ro n i za ti o n s u ch a s I E C 8 a s s h o wn i n F i g u re wh e re o p e ti o n s e q u e n c e s a re i l l u s tra te d wi th th e n u m b e rs i n p a re n th e s e s W h i l e co n ve n ti o n a l d i s ta n ce re l a y- b a s e d b a cku p p ro te c ti o n n eed s zo n e a n d o p e ti o n ti m e co o rd i n a ti o n a m o n g d i s ta n ce re l a ys th a t l e a d s to s l o we r o p e ti o n fo r s o m e fa u l ts , th e c u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l b a cku p p ro te cti o n d o e s n o t n e e d s u c h c o o rd i n a ti o n , a n d c a n o p e te fa s te r th a n e x i s ti n g d i s ta n c e re l a y- b a s e d b a cku p p ro te c ti o n , wh i c h h el ps i m p ro ve s ta b i l i t y ag ainst tra n s m i s s i o n l i n e a n d b u s b a r fa u l ts T h e s ys te m cu rre n t ca n e xte n d d i ffe re n ti a l i ts o p e ti o n a l g o ri th m using zo n e s wi th th e d a ta s u cce s s i ve fa i l u re s to tri p , sam pl ed s i m u l ta n e o u s l y a t c a l cu l a ti n g each th e te rm i n a l an d m u l ti ca s t to a l l re l e va n t te rm i n a l s th a n ks to th e wi d e a re a ti m e s yn c h ro n i za ti o n a n d VL AN s T h e s ys te m h as two VL AN s ; o n e fo r s a m p l e d c u rre n t d a ta a n d tri p s i g n a l s tra n s m i tte d 12 ti m e s p e r c yc l e a n d th e o th e r fo r I E C 8 T C s wi th D e l a y_R e q o r P d e l a y_Re q m e s s a g e s tra n s m i tte d e ve ry s to s a n d S yn c m e s s a g e s e ve ry s W h i l e th e re a re s o m e I E C 8 o p ti o n s to b e c h o s e n s u c h a s a c l o ck s ch e m e , E E o r P P tra n s p a re n t c l o ck, a n d L a ye r - o r L a ye r - b a s e d o p e ti o n , th e i m p l e m e n ta ti o n d e p e n d o n i ts n e two rk a va i l a b i l i t y a n d o p e ti o n a l re q u i re m e n ts , a s I E C - - re co m m e n d s P P o ve r L a ye r For th e c l o ck s yn ch ro n i za ti o n re d u n d a n c y, a ccu c y i s th e best b e tte r th a n cu rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l p ro ce s s i n g m a s te r µs , c l o ck wh i ch is a l g o ri th m is appl ied fu l l y s a ti s fa cto ry fo r th e Th e ti m e wi d e a re a – 21 – I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC Two VLAN s for • Cu rre n t d a ta a n d trip s ig n a l E H V g ri d (E th e rn e t m u ltica s t) • P TP tim e s yn ch ro nization (I P or E th e rn e t m u ltica s t) P ort b locke d P TP m a s te r (6) Tri ppi ng H V g ri d wi th backup (7) Tri p protecti on s ucces s ful (5) Fai l ure (1 ) Faul t (3) Fai l ure to tri p (3) Tri p to tri p s ucces s ful Legend (4) Tri ppi ng wi th backup protecti on L2 s wi tch wi th trans parent (2) Tri ppi ng (2) Tri ppi ng wi th pri m ary cl ock s chem e wi th pri m ary protecti on protecti on I E D wi th ordi nary cl ock Gi gabi t E thernet IEC F i g u re – C o n fi g u t i o n o f wi d e a re a c u rre n t d i ffe re n ti a l p ri m a ry a n d b a c ku p te l e p ro t e cti o n s ys t e m e m p l o yi n g C a rri e r E th e rn e t a n d I E C 8 ti m e s yn c h ro n i z a t i o n U s e c a s e : S D H / M P L S n e two rk ( J a p a n ) T h e fo l l o wi n g d e s cri b e s a d e p l o ym e n t o f a m i xe d S D H /M P L S n e two rk s e rvi n g th e p u rp o s e o f p o we r s ys te m te l e m e try a n d te l e c o n tro l ( S C AD A) an d fa ci l i t y m a i n te n a n ce fo r th e S h i ko ku E l e c tri c P o we r C o m p a n y ( YO N D E N ) i n J a p a n [4 ] , [ ] F i g u re 30 s h o ws te c h n o l o g i e s s u ch th e n e two rk a s M P L S - VP N , co n fi g u ti o n VR RP , To m eet M PLS -TE an d th e p a th re q u i re m e n ts p ro te cti o n (Tabl e 53), we re e m p l o ye d as s h o wn i n T a b l e Th i s is a m i x o f I P /M P L S fo r th e b a ckb o n e n e two rk a n d E th e rn e t o ve r S D H ri n g s fo r th e re g i o n a l n e two rk, a l l o f wh i c h a re o wn e d b y th e u ti l i t y co m p a n y T h e I P m e s s a g e s fro m th e L AN o ve r S D H a re tu n n e l e d i n to th e b a ckb o n e ro u te r n e two rk co m p ri s i n g L VP N s wh e re th e ro u te rs p e rfo rm B G P to ro u te th e m e s s a g e s b y d i s tri b u ti n g a n d a d ve rti s i n g ro u te s , b u t d o n o t p e rfo rm N AT T h o s e VP N s a re c o n fi g u re d b y u s i n g VRF i n a cc o rd a n c e wi th e a c h a p p l i c a ti o n s ys te m n eed d e p a rtm e n t an d Th e a com m i ssi o n i n g n e two rk an d te s ti n g i n te g to r fo r h a l f a p l a n s a n d m a n a g e s I P a d d re s s e s we re ye a r c o n d u cte d Th e by th e co m m u n i c a ti o n c o m m u n i c a ti o n d e p a rtm e n t also IEC TR 61 850-90-1 2: 201 © I EC 201 – 21 – Backbone network (Meshed, Gbps) Regional network (Ring, 00 Mbps) Regional network (Ring, 00 Mbps) Legend MPLS router Switch SDH IEC F i g u re – Ac h i e v i n g p ro t e cti o n fo r t e l e p ro t e cti o n s e rv i c e s T a b l e – Re q u i re m e n t s fo r th e YO N D E N I P n e two rk I te m S p e c i fi c a ti o n Reliability Logical separati on of application communication Unavailability (Down time ratio) End-to-end l atency 50 ms Red undancy Two separate redund ant routes between ends Recovery Del ay Less than s × –5 T a b l e – T e c h n o l o g i e s fo r th e YO N D E N I P n e two rk Ap p l i e d t e c h n o l o g i e s I te m D e s c ri p ti o n VP N Ro u t e r Ro u t e Ra p i d (BG P , re d u n d a n c y m an ag em en t re ro u ti n g M P L S -VP N ) ( VRRP ) ( M P L S -TE ) ( P a th p ro te c ti o n )  Reli ability Logical separati on Red undancy Separate route Recovery delay Functionality Layer and Layer function  Scalability Sim ple & scalable setting  OAM Route and network management Economy Accommodation of various appl ications     U s e C a s e : Wi d e a re a s t a b i l i z i n g co n t ro l s ys t e m ( J a p a n ) A WAMPAC for transient stability phenomenon is in service in Japan since 2005  – 21 – F i g u re 31 s h o ws a W AM P AC s ys te m I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC fo r tra n s i e n t s ta b i l i t y p h e n o m e n o n an d F i g u re 32 s h o ws th e a p p e a n ce o f t yp i ca l e q u i p m e n t c a b i n e t When a s e ve re fa u l t s u ch as a co m p l e te l oss of an i m p o rta n t p o we r fl o w ro u te o cc u rs , g e n e to rs m a y l o s e s yn ch ro n i s m wi th th e g ri d I n th i s s i tu a ti o n , th i s s ys te m tri p s g e n e to rs i n o rd e r to m a i n ta i n s yn c h ro n i s m b e twe e n th e re m a i n i n g g e n e to rs a n d th e m a i n g ri d Th e C e n tra l ca l cu l a te s s ys te m P ro c e s s i n g th e s ta tu s Eq u i pm en t p re - fa u l t g ri d (e g Q, P, (CPE), s ta b i l i t y V, fo r c i rc u i t i n s ta l l e d th e at assu m ed b re a ke r s ta tu s ) a c e n tra l s e ve re l oad fa u l t p ro vi d e d d i s p a tc h i n g cas e by th e using c e n tre , th e tri g g e ri n g p o we r te rm i n a l e q u i p m e n t ( RT U - S ) i n s ta l l e d i n th e s u b s ta ti o n s I n a d d i ti o n , i t co n s i d e rs t h e l o a d d i s p a tc h i n g i n fo rm a ti o n re c e i ve d o ve r th e n e two rk Th e CPE th e n ca l cu l a ti o n and cre a te s sen d s a p o we r th e s ys te m c o n tro l s ta b i l i ty s c e n a ri o ta b l e c o n tro l to th e s ce n a ri o C e n tra l based C o n tro l on th i s p re - fa u l t Eq u i pm en t (CCE) i n s ta l l e d a t a c o n tro l c e n tre When th e CCE assu m es a s e ve re fa u l t, it sen d s g e n e to r tri p p i n g co m m a n d s to th e co n tro l l i n g te rm i n a l e q u i p m e n t ( RT U - T ) i n s ta l l e d a t th e p o we r s ta ti o n s T h e c o m m u n i c a ti o n a m o n g e q u i p m e n t i s c a rri e d o u t vi a a n e two rk o wn e d b y th e u ti l i t y a n d d e d i c a te d to p ro te cti o n Th i s n e two rk u ses PD H -bas ed m i cro wa ve d i o l i n ks Th e m n s p e c i fi ca ti o n s i n c l u d i n g c o m m u n i c a ti o n re q u i re m e n ts a re s h o wn i n T a b l e 5 CCE CPE 54kbps TCP/I P TCP/I P 00M bps 00M bps TCP/I P A1 , A2, D L3 swi tch L3 swi tch A1 , A2 B C A1 , A2 L3 swi tch 54kbps ch an n el s A1 M i crowave rad i o • PDH , 544M bps x n l oad d i spatch i n g system A3 • U ti l i ty own ed n etwork • Ded i cated n etwork for protecti on rel ay system m u l ti pl exed i n to a • B Protecti on rel ay system n etwork Seven asyn ch ron ou s U ti l i ty own ed n etwork Ded i cated n etwork for 00M bps Asyn ch ron ou s M u l ti pl exer • • • M i crowave rad i o • PDH , 544M bps x n Load d i spatch i n g i n form ati on n etwork A2, D C 544M bps PDH ch an n el Asyn ch ron ou s Asyn ch ron ou s M u l ti pl exer M u l ti pl exer 54kbps 54kbps RTU -S RTU -T Bu sbar G en erators C Bu sbar D VT G1 G2 LP Tran sm i ssi on l i n es G3 Power g ri d LP Su bstati on • Gn CB Power stati on CT CPE: Cen tral Processi n g Eq u i pm en t • A: RM S d ata of P, Q, V an d CB statu s • CCE: Cen tral Con trol Eq u i pm en t • B: Con trol scen ari o tabl e • LP: Li n e Protecti on Rel ay • C: Tri ppi n g com m an d s • D: Fau l t d etecti on si g n al • RTU -S: Tri g g eri n g Term i n al Eq u i pm en t • RTU -T: Con trol l i n g Term i n al Eq u i pm en t • CB: Ci rcu i t breaker IEC F i g u re 31 – S ys tem co n fi g u rati on for wi d e are a s tabi l i zi n g tro l s ys te m IEC TR 850-90-1 2: 01 © I EC 201 – 21 – IEC F i g u re – Ap p e a n c e o f t yp i c a l C C E c a b i n e t T a b l e 5 – M a i n s ys te m s p e ci fi ca ti o n s fo r wi d e a re a s ta b i l i zi n g co n tro l s ys te m I te m S p e c i fi c a ti o n Eq u i pm en t CPE: re d u n d a n t c o n fi g u t i o n , i n s ta l l e d at a c e n t l l oad CCE : re d u n d a n t c o n fi g u r a t i o n , i n s ta l l e d at a c o n t ro l c e n t re RT U - S : re d u n d a n t c o n fi g u t i o n , a p p ro x RT U - T : re d u n d a n t c o n fi g u r a t i o n , a p p ro x CPE – CCE: CCE – RT U - S /T: Less th a n L a te n cy CCE – RT U - S /T: N e t w o rk U ti l i ty O p e t i n g delay 50 o wn e d D e d i c a te d M i c ro wa v e PDH, P ro t o c o l S yn c h ro p h a s o r to s ys t e m based th i s ms fro m l ess s ets at i n s ta l l e d s u b s ta ti o n s at p o we r s t a t i o n s km a p p ro x 400 fa u l t th a n km o c c u rr e n c e to g e n e r a t o r t ri p p i n g 0m s n e t w o rk n e t w o rk fo r p r o t e c t i o n re l a y s ys t e m d i o , 544 M b i t/s CPE – CCE: CCE – RT U - S /T: F i g u re on e upon s i tu a ti o n wa s 33 of th e W AM P AC W AM P AC on g oi n g , s t a n d a rd s is fo r re l a t e d be en 20 i n s tal l ed c e n t re × n E t h e rn e t , T C P /I P , C ycl i c , 54 00 k b i t /s , M b i t /s , a p p ro x a p p r o x 00 25 b yt e s kb yt e s d ata d ata U s e C a s e : e xp e ri m e n t a l P M U -b a s e d W AM P AC s ys t e m a p p l i ca ti o n s fro m a p p r o x s ets d i s p a tch i n g [5 ] , s ys t e m s ys t e m PM U an d a p p ro p r i a t e h a ve an d been A re c e n t l y i n t e rn a t i o n a l d e ve l o p m e n t [5 ] m e a s u ri n g and p re l i m i n a ry th e g ri d and d e ve l op e d e va l u a ti o n W AM P A C n e t w o rk t o p o l o g y wh i c h i n t e rn a t i o n a l s ta n d a rd s c o n s t ru c t e d s h o ws q u a n ti ty F u rt h e rm o re , s u ch of th i s s ys t e m Th e as ca n co ve re d e s ta b l i s h m e n t I EC ki n d based be co m m u n i ca ti o n 61 850 of W AM P AC u pon of s e ri e s PM U and al m ost al l s ta n d a rd s is W AM P AC e xp e cte d s ys t e m h a ve i n t e rn a t i o n a l – 21 – I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC CPE GW As I EC 61 588 B L3 swi tch L2 swi tch L2 swi tch As As As As B Ar B Ar L3 swi tch L3 swi tch I ED/PM U I ED/PM U C C G G Power stati on L3 swi tch L3 swi tch Power stati on L3 n etwork L2 swi tch As L2 swi tch As As L2 n etwork B Ar I ED/PM U I ED/PM U G en erators As B Ar C C G G CB CT Power stati on Power stati on • CPE: Cen tral Processi n g Eq u i pm en t • • G W: G ateway • Ar: V-ph asor, I -ph asor, CB statu s from oth er I ED/PM U s • CB: Ci rcui t breaker • B: Con trol scen ari o tabl e • C: Tri ppi n g com m an d s As: V-ph asor, I -ph asor, CB statu s to oth er I ED/PM U s or CPE IEC F i g u re 3 – C o n fi g u ti o n fo r P M U -b a s e d W AM P AC s ys t e m T h i s s ys te m i s c o m p o s e d o f C e n tra l P ro c e s s i n g E q u i p m e n t ( C P E ) , g a te wa y e q u i p m e n t ( G W ) , fo u r I E D s e xa m p l e , as p o we r s ys te m I E D /P M U m ean s s ta b i l i t y c o n tro l on e i n te g te d d e vi c e s wi th d e vi c e wi th PMU fu n cti o n co n tro l l i n g an d ( I E D /P M U ) m e a s u ri n g In th i s fu n cti o n s , h o we ve r I E D a n d P M U c a n a l s o b e i n d e p e n d e n t d e vi ce s fo r co n tro l l i n g a n d m e a s u ri n g P o we r s ys te m s ta b i l i zi n g co n tro l fu n c ti o n s fo r tra n s i e n t s ta b i l i t y p h e n o m e n o n we re i m p l e m e n te d a n d e va l u a te d It is s u ppos ed th a t e a c h s yn ch ro p h a s o r d a ta ( e g n e two rk and GW Th e I E D /P M U is I, c i rc u i t b re a ke r s ta tu s i n fo rm a ti o n V) a n d sam e i n s ta l l e d i n fo rm a ti o n L a ye r n e two rk to d e cre a s e l a te n c y i n is at sen t each p o we r s ta ti o n s i m u l ta n e o u s l y th e I E D /P M U to and I E D /P M U to C P E vi a a sends L a ye r o th e r I E D /P M U s fo r th e p o we r s ys te m vi a a s ta b i l i t y c o n tro l fu n cti o n T h e C P E cre a te s a g ri d s ta b i l i t y c o n tro l s ce n a ri o fo r a n a s s u m e d s e ve re fa u l t b a s e d u p o n p re fa u l t p o we r s ys te m s ta b i l i ty c a l cu l a ti o n a n d s e n d th e c o n tro l s ce n a ri o ta b l e to th e I E D /P M U s G W i s co m m u n i c a ti o n e q u i p m e n t wh i c h h as P h a s o r D a ta C o n c e n tra to r ( P D C ) fu n c ti o n an d co m m u n i c a ti o n fu n c ti o n to s e n d th e c o n tro l s c e n a ri o ta b l e fro m C P E to I E D /P M U s W h e n th e a s s u m e d s e ve re fa u l t i s d e te cte d i n I E D /P M U , I E D /P M U s e n d s g e n e to r tri p p i n g c o m m a n d s b a s e d u p o n th e co n tro l s ce n a ri o ta b l e to m a i n ta i n s yn ch ro n i za ti o n i n a p o we r s ys te m In th i s s ys te m , i t i s s u ppos ed th a t th e co m m u n i ca ti o n am on g I E D /P M U s u ti l i t y o wn e d L a ye r n e two rk a n d th e c o m m u n i c a ti o n b e twe e n I E D /P M U i s c a rri e d o u t vi a a n d G W i s ca rri e d I E C TR 850-90-1 2: 01 © I EC 01 ou t vi a u ti l i t y o wn e d L a ye r n e two rk – 21 – Th e m ain s p e c i fi c a ti o n s i n cl u d i n g c o m m u n i c a ti o n re q u i re m e n ts a re s u m m a ri ze d i n T a b l e T a b l e – S p e c i fi c a ti o n s fo r P M U -b a s e d W AM P AC s ys te m I te m E q u i pm en t S p e c i fi c a ti o n C P E : i n s ta l l e d a t a c e n t l l o a d d i s p a tc h i n g c e n t re G W : i n s t a l l e d a t a c e n tra l l o a d d i s p a t c h i n g c e n t re I E D /P M U : fo u r u n i ts , i n s t a l l e d a t a p o we r s ta ti o n , i n t e g te d d e vi c e wi th c o n t ro l l i n g a n d m e a s u ri n g fu n c ti o n s ( p o s s i b l y a s i n d e p e n d e n t d e vi c e s a s I E D a n d P M U ) O p e ti n g d e l a y L e s s t h a n m s fro m fa u l t o c c u rre n c e t o g e n e t o r t ri p p i n g L a te n cy I E D /P M U – I E D /P M U : l e s s t h a n m s I E D /P M U – C P E : l e s s th a n s N e t wo rk I E D /P M U – I E D /P M U U t i l i t y o wn e d n e t wo rk ( a s s u m p ti o n ) L a ye r n e t wo rk ( G i g a b i t E th e rn e t) I E D /P M U – C P E U t i l i ty o wn e d n e t wo rk ( a s s u m p ti o n ) L a y e r n e t wo rk ( G i g a b i t T C P /I P , U D P /I P ) P ro to c o l I E D /P M U – I E D /P M U : I E C / S V / G O O S E , I E E E Q ( V L AN ) I E D /P M U – C P E : I E C T R - - / R- S V / R- G O O S E Ti m e I EC 61 588 s yn c h ro n i za ti o n T i m e a c c u c y: b e tt e r th a n µs – 21 – IEC TR 61 850-90-1 2: 201 © I EC 201 Bibliography [1 ] CEN-CEN ELEC-ETSI Smart Grid Coordination Group, November 201 [2] CIGRE Report 461 D2.26, Telecommunication Service Provisioning and Delivery in the Electrical Power Utility, April 201 [3] CIGRE Report 521 D2/B5 30 Line and System Protection using Digital Circuit and Packet Communications, December 201 [4] CIGRE Technical Brochure No 92, [5] EPRI Report, Hughes [6] IEC 60050-1 91 , Sys te m Pro te c tio 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Proposal International Standards , Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D), 201 I EEE PES, 71 May 201 [41 ] S Matsumoto, Y Serizawa, F Fujikawa, T Shioyama, Y Ishihara, S Katayama, T Kase, A Ishibashi, Wide-A rea Situational A wareness (WA SA) System based upon International Standards , 1 th I nternational Conference on Developments in Power Systems Protection 201 (DPSP 201 2), 23-26 April 201 [42] The current status of YONDEN I P network deployment for electric power system, I EEJ technical report, 201 0] [43] Y Serizawa et al., Prototype and Evaluation of Communication Network Prototype and Evaluation of Communication Network, CIGRE SC D2 Colloquium 201 3, No D2-01 _24, M ysore, Karnataka – I ndia, N ovember 201 – 21 – [4 ] IEEE Transaction on Power Systems , Vo l I E C TR 61 850-90-1 2: © I EC 9, N o 2, M ay 2004, I E E E /C I G RE J oi nt T a s k F o rce o n S ta b i l i t y T e rm s a n d D e fi n i ti o n [4 ] R B o b b a , NASPInet, E H e i n e , H Kh u n a a n d T Ya rd l e y, I EEE PES I n n o va ti ve S m a rt G ri d Exploring a Tiered Architecture for T e ch n o l o g y C o n fe re n ce (I SG T), W a s h i n g to n D C , J a n u a ry [4 ] [4 ] I T e l c o rd i a G R- - C O R E , Common Generic Criteria Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Transport Systems: ( O cto b e r 0 ) , i s s u e Practical Use Challenge of WDM & IP Communication Technologies for Protection Systems , N o B _1 _2 , C I G R E S e s s i o n , P a ri s , F n c e , Au g u s t K Ku ro i e t a l , 201 [4 ] S n o rt h o m e p a g e , h ttp s : //s n o rt o rg / [4 ] Ab d u l Ka s i m et al , Delivering carrier Ethernet” , M cG R AW - H I L L I SBN 97 8-0-0 7- 48747-4 [5 ] Ra ym o n d p ro p o s a l J ean ( H yd ro - Q u é b e c) fo r an d M ag h s ood l ou , I EC TR 61 850-90-1 , F a m a rz a va i l a b l e (C i sco), U se on -l in e cas e s at “ h ttp : //www h yd ro q u e b e c co m /p d f/e n /p ro p o s a l - I E C p d f” [5 ] P B e a u m o n t e t a l , “ C o m m e rci a l L i n e C u rre n t D i ffe re n ti a l R e l a y O p e ti n g o ve r n a ti ve E th e rn e t wi th T o k yo E l e c tri c P o we r C o m p a n y” , C I G R E B e l g i u m C o n fe re n c e , B ru s s e l s , B e l g i u m , M a rc h _ INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION 3, rue de Varembé PO Box 31 CH-1 21 Geneva 20 Switzerland Tel: + 41 22 91 02 1 Fax: + 41 22 91 03 00 info@iec.ch www.iec.ch