www bzfxw com BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60034 3 1996 BS 5000 2 1992 renumbered Rotating electrical machines — Part 3 Specific requirements for turbine type synchronous machines ICS 29 160 20 BS EN 60034[.]
BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60034-3:1996 BS 5000-2:1992 renumbered Rotating electrical machines — Part 3: Specific requirements for turbine-type synchronous machines ICS 29.160.20 BS EN 60034-3:1995 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Policy Committee (PEL/-) to Technical Committee PEL/1, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Engineers Association of Electrical Machinery Trades Electricity Association Engineer Surveyors Section of the MSF Engineering Equipment and Materials Users’ Association ERA Technology Ltd Health and Safety Executive Institution of Incorporated Executive Engineers Institution of Plant Engineers Ministry of Defence Power Generation Contractors’ Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Rotating Electrical Machines Association (BEAMA Ltd.) UK Offshore Operators’ Association This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1992 © BSI 03-1999 First published November 1973 Second edition July 1988 Third edition August 1992 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PEL/1 Draft for comment 84/20480 DC ISBN 580 20809 Amendments issued since publication Amd No Date Comments 9035 July 1996 Indicated by a sideline in the margin BS EN 60034-3:1995 Contents Committees responsible National foreword Foreword Text of EN 60034-3 National annex NA (informative) © BSI 03-1999 Page Inside front cover ii Inside back cover i BS EN 60034-3:1995 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PEL/2 (formerly PEL/1) and is the English language version of EN 60034 Rotating electric machines — Part 3:1995 Specific requirements for turbine-type synchronous machines published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC) It was derived by CENELEC from IEC 34-3:1988 published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) It supersedes BS 5000-2:1988 which is withdrawn As a consequence of implementing the European Standard, this British Standard has been renumbered as BS EN 60034-3:1996, and any reference to BS EN 60034-3:1995 should be read as reference to BS EN 60034-3:1996 Editorial corrections to the text of IEC 34-3 have been incorporated at the appropriate places and are indicated by a side line in the margin A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover ii © BSI 03-1999 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60034-3 NORME EUROPÉENNE October 1995 EUROPÄISCHE NORM UDC 621.313.322:001.4 ICS 29.160.20 Supersedes HD 53.3 S1:1991 Descriptors: Rotating electrical machines, turbine-type machines, synchronous motors, characteristics, specification English version Rotating electrical machines Part 3: Specific requirements for turbine-type synchronous machines (IEC 34-3:1988) Drehende elektrische Maschinen Teil 3: Besondere Anforderungen an Dreiphasen-Turbogeneratoren (IEC 34-3:1988) Machines électriques tournantes Partie 3: Règles spécifiques pour les turbomachines synchrones (CEI 34-3:1988) ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 1995-09-20 CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels © 1995 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref No EN 60034-3:1995 E EN 60034-3:1995 Foreword Page The text of the International Standard IEC 34-3:1988, prepared by SC 2A, Turbine-type generators, of IEC TC 2, Rotating machinery, was approved by CENELEC as HD 53.3 S1 on 1990-12-10 This Harmonization Document was submitted to the formal vote for conversion into a European Standard and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60034-3 on 1995-09-20 The following date was fixed: — latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 1996-10-01 Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard In this standard, Annex ZA is normative Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC Contents Foreword Section Scope Scope Section General General rules Rated voltage Rated speed Ranges of voltage and frequency Direction of rotation Stator winding Machine rated field current and voltage Machine insulation 10 Insulation against shaft current 11 Overspeed test 12 Critical speeds 13 Capability diagram 14 Overcurrent requirements 15 Sudden short-circuit 16 Short-circuit ratio and direct axis transient and sub-transient reactances 17 Mechanical strength concerning number of starts for normal generators Page 3 3 3 4 4 4 Section Air-cooled machines 18 Power factor 19 Short-circuit ratio (see also Sub-clause 16.1) 20 Machine cooling 21 Temperature of primary coolant 22 Temperature detectors 23 Air coolers Section Hydrogen-cooled or Liquid-cooled machines 24 Hydrogen pressure in the casing 25 Power factor 26 Short-circuit ratio (see also Sub-clause 16.1) 27 Machine housing and cover plates 28 Stator winding terminals 29 Temperature of primary coolants, temperatures and temperature rises of the machine 30 Altitude 31 Temperature detectors 32 Gas or liquid coolers 33 Auxiliary system Section Turbine-type machines driven by combustion gas turbines 34 Service conditions 35 Rating and capabilities 36 Rating plate 37 Temperature tests 38 Operation as a synchronous compensator Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications Figure — Operation over ranges of voltage and frequency Figure — Typical capability diagram Figure — Typical generator capability curves 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 10 10 10 14 11 12 13 © BSI 03-1999 EN 60034-3:1995 Section Scope Ranges of voltage and frequency Scope Machines shall be capable of continuous rated output at the rated power factor over the ranges of ± % in voltage and ± % in frequency, as defined by the shaded area of Figure The temperature rise limits in Tables I and II, or the total temperature limits in Table III of IEC Publication 34-1 shall apply at the rated voltage and frequency only This standard applies to three-phase turbine-type machines, having rated outputs of 10 MVA and above, used as generators Those clauses that are appropriate apply to machines used as synchronous motors or compensators This standard supplements the basic requirements for rotating machines given in IEC Publication 34-1 This standard does not apply to those machines which are excluded from the scope of IEC Publication 34-1 Section of this standard gives the specific requirements common to all turbine-type machines Section of this standard specifies further requirement for air-cooled turbine-type machines Section of this standard specifies additional requirements for hydrogen or liquid cooled turbine-type machines Section of this standard gives the specific requirements for turbine-type machines driven by combustion gas-turbines NOTE As the operating point moves away from the rated values of voltage and frequency, the temperature rise or total temperatures may progressively increase Continuous operation at rated output at certain parts of the boundary of the shaded area causes temperature rises to increase by up to 10 K approximately Machines will also carry output at rated power factor within the ranges of ± % in voltage and + %/– % in frequency, as defined by the outer boundary of Figure 1, but temperature rises will be further increased NOTE Therefore, to minimise the reduction of the machine’s lifetime due to the effects of temperature or temperature differences, operation outside the shaded area should be limited in extent, duration and frequency of occurrence The output should be reduced or other corrective measures taken as soon as practicable If operation over a still wider range of voltage or frequency is required, this should be the subject of an agreement ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ NOTE Specific requirements for both rotating and static exciters are under consideration and it is intended that these will form Section of Publication 34-3 NOTE Tests for determining the efficiency and the quantities of synchronous machines are dealt with in Publications 34-2 and 34-4 respectively Section General General rules Turbine-type machines shall be in accordance with the basic requirements for rotating machines specified in IEC Publication 34-1 unless otherwise specified in this standard Wherever in this standard there is reference to an agreement, it shall be understood that this is an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser Rated voltage The rated voltage shall be fixed by agreement Rated speed The rated speed shall be 500 rev/min or 000 rev/min for 50 Hz machines, and 800 rev/min or 600 rev/min for 60 Hz machines © BSI 03-1999 NOTE It is considered that overvoltage together with low frequency, or low voltage with overfrequency, are unlikely operating conditions The former is the condition most likely to increase the temperature rise of the field winding Figure shows operation in these quadrants restricted to conditions that will cause the machine and its transformer to be over- or under-fluxed by no more than % NOTE Margins of excitation and of stability will be reduced under some of the operating conditions shown NOTE As the operating frequency moves away from the rated frequency, effects outside the generator may become important and need to be considered As examples: the turbine manufacturer will specify ranges of frequency and corresponding periods during which the turbine can operate; and the ability of auxiliary equipment to operate over a range of voltage and frequency should be considered Direction of rotation Since the generator has only one direction of rotation, which is determined by the turbine, IEC Publication 34-8 need not be applied The direction of rotation shall be shown on the machine or on its rating plate, and the time-phase sequence of the stator voltage shall then be indicated by marking the terminals in alphabetical sequence, e.g U1, V1, W Stator winding The stator windings may be either star-connected or delta-connected but, unless specifically stated to the contrary, star connections will be provided In either case, six winding ends shall be brought out unless otherwise agreed EN 60034-3:1995 Machine rated field current and voltage The machine rated field current and voltage are those values needed for the field winding for rated operating conditions of apparent power, voltage, frequency, power factor and, if applicable, hydrogen pressure, with the field winding at the operating temperature corresponding to the primary coolant temperature obtained under these conditions when the final coolant is at its maximum specified temperature Machine insulation 9.1 Insulation class Insulation systems used for the windings shall be of Class B or higher thermal classification 9.2 Dielectric tests High-voltage tests shall be in accordance with IEC Publication 34-1 except for the test voltage for field windings These voltages shall be: — for rated field voltages up to 500 V: 10 times the rated field voltage, with a minimum of 500 V; — for rated field voltages above 500 V: 000 V + twice the rated field voltage 10 Insulation against shaft current Suitable precautions shall be taken to prevent harmful flow of shaft current and to earth the rotor shaft adequately Any insulation needed shall preferably be arranged so that it can be measured while the machine is operating 11 Overspeed test Rotors of turbine-type machines shall be tested at 1.2 times rated speed for 12 Critical speeds Critical speeds of the rotor assembly of the complete set shall not cause unsatisfactory operation within the speed range corresponding to the frequency range agreed in accordance with Clause (see IEC Publication 45) 13 Capability diagram The manufacturer shall supply a capability diagram indicating the limits of operation set by temperatures or temperature rises and, if appropriate, by steady-state stability The diagram will be drawn for operation at rated voltage and frequency, and, for a hydrogen-cooled machine, at rated hydrogen pressure A typical diagram is shown in Figure Its boundaries are set by the following limitations: — Curve A represents operation with constant rated field current and therefore with approximately constant temperature rise of the field winding; — Curve B represents constant rated stator current and consequently approximately constant temperature rise of the stator winding; — Curve C indicates the limit set by localized end region heating, or by steady-state stability, or by a combination of both effects By agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, other diagrams may be provided for operation at agreed conditions within the voltage and frequency ranges agreed in accordance with Clause 5, and for hydrogen pressures other than rated pressure The generator should be operated within the boundaries of the diagram appropriate to the chosen conditions of voltage and frequency, and hydrogen pressure if applicable Operation outside these boundaries will shorten the life of the machine ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 14 Overcurrent requirements Machines with rated outputs up to 200 MVA shall be able to carry without damage a stator current of 1.5 per unit (p.u.) for 30 s For ratings greater than 200 MVA, agreement should be reached on a time duration less than 30 s, decreasing as the rating increases, to a minimum of 15 s, the current remaining at 1.5 per unit for all ratings The machine shall be capable of other combinations of overcurrent and time that give the same degree of additional heat input above that caused by p.u current Thus, for machines up to 200 MVA: (I2 – 1) t = 37.5 s where: I is the stator current per unit t is its duration in seconds This relationship shall apply for values of t between 10 s and 60 s NOTE It is recognized that stator temperatures will exceed rated load values under these conditions, and therefore the machine construction is based upon the assumption that the number of operations to the limit conditions specified will not exceed two per year © BSI 03-1999 EN 60034-3:1995 15 Sudden short-circuit The machine shall be designed to withstand without failure a short-circuit of any kind at its terminals, while operating at rated load and 1.05 p.u rated voltage, provided the maximum phase current is limited by external means to a value which does not exceed the maximum phase current obtained from a three-phase short-circuit “Without failure” means that the machine shall not suffer damage that causes it to trip out of service, though some deformation of the stator winding might occur If it is agreed between purchaser and manufacturer that a sudden short-circuit test shall be made on the new machine, it shall be done after the full voltage dielectric acceptance test as follows A machine that is to be connected directly to the system shall have a 3-phase short-circuit applied at its terminals when excited to rated voltage on no load For a machine that will be connected to the system through its own transformer or reactor, usually by an insulated phase bus, the test at the terminals shall be carried out at reduced voltage, agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer, to produce the same stator current as would result in service from a three-phase short-circuit applied at the high voltage terminals of the transformer This test shall be considered satisfactory if the machine is subsequently judged to be fit for service without repairs or with only minor repairs to its stator windings, and if it withstands a high-voltage test of 80 % of the value specified in IEC Publication 34-1 for a new machine The term “minor repairs” implies some attention to end-winding bracing and to applied insulation, but not replacement of coils 16.2 Direct axis transient and sub-transient reactances Direct axis transient or sub-transient reactances should be specified or agreed, having regard to the operating conditions It will be appropriate to specify or agree a minimum value of the direct axis sub-transient reactances at the saturation level of rated voltage, and sometimes a maximum value of the direct axis transient reactance at the unsaturated conditions of rated current Since the two reactances depend to a great extent on common fluxes, care must be taken that the values specified or agreed are compatible, i.e that the upper limit of the sub-transient reactance is not set too close to the lower limit of the transient Unless otherwise specified or agreed, the value of the direct axis sub-transient reactance shall be not less than 0.1 p.u at the saturation level corresponding to rated voltage The value of each of these reactances may be specified or agreed at another saturation level in accordance with IEC Publication 34-4 If it is agreed that values are to be determined by test, the test shall be in accordance with IEC Publication 34-4 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ NOTE Abnormally high currents and torques may occur as a result of a short-circuit close to the generator in service, or of clearance and reclosure of a more distant fault, or of faulty synchronising If such conditions actually impose severe overcurrents, it is prudent to examine the machine thoroughly, with particular attention to the stator windings Any loosening of supports or packings should be made good before returning the machine to service, to avoid the possibility of consequential damage being caused by vibration It may also be desirable to check for possible deformation of the coupling bolts, couplings and shafts 16 Short-circuit ratio and direct axis transient and sub-transient reactances 16.3 Tolerances on short-circuit ratio and direct axis transient and subtransient reactances 1) Where the limit values of this standard, or other limits, have been specified or agreed there shall be no tolerance in the significant direction, i.e no negative tolerance on minimum values and no positive tolerance on maximum values In the other direction, a tolerance of 30 % shall apply 2) If values are specified but not declared to be limits, they shall be regarded as rated values, and shall be subject to a tolerance of ± 15 % 3) Where no values have been specified or agreed the manufacturer shall state bona-fide rated values, subject to a tolerance of ± 15 % 17 Mechanical strength concerning number of starts for normal generators Unless otherwise agreed, the rotor should be designed mechanically to withstand not less than 000 starts during its lifetime 16.1 Short-circuit ratio Standardised minimum values are given in Clauses 19 and 26 Higher minimum values can be specified or agreed, but will usually require some increase in machine size © BSI 03-1999 EN 60034-3:1995 Section Air-cooled machines This section applies to machines the active parts of which are cooled by air, either directly or indirectly or by a combination of the two methods 18 Power factor Standardized rated power factors at the machine terminals are 0.8 and 0.85 lagging (overexcited) NOTE Other values may be agreed; the lower the power factor, the larger will be the machine 19 Short-circuit ratio (see also Sub-clause 16.1) The measured values of the short-circuit ratio at rated voltage and rated stator current shall be: — for rated outputs not exceeding 80 MVA; not less than 0.45; — for rated outputs above 80 MVA but not exceeding 150 MVA: not less than 0.40; — for rated outputs above 150 MVA: to be agreed 20 Machine cooling The system of ventilation should preferably be a closed air circuit system If an open air system is specified or agreed, care shall be taken to avoid contaminating the ventilation passages with dirt, to avoid overheating When slip rings are provided, they should be ventilated separately to avoid contaminating the generator and exciter with carbon dust 21 Temperature of primary coolant Machines other than those driven by gas turbines shall be in accordance with IEC Publication 34-1 If the maximum temperature of the ambient air, or of the primary cooling air where an air-to-water cooler is used, is other than 40 °C, the relevant clauses of IEC Publication 34-1 apply Particular requirements for machines driven by gas turbines are given in Clauses 34 and 35 22 Temperature detectors To monitor the temperature of the stator winding, at least six embedded temperature detectors (E.T.D.) shall be supplied in accordance with IEC Publication 34-1 The number of temperature detectors in the air intakes to the machine shall be agreed 23 Air coolers Unless otherwise agreed, coolers shall be suitable for water intake temperatures up to 32 °C and a working pressure of not less than 1.7 bar (170 kPa) The test pressure shall be 1.5 times the maximum working pressure, and shall be applied for 15 If the water pressure in the cooler is controlled by a valve or pressure-reducing device connected to a water supply where the pressure is higher than the working pressure of the cooler, the cooler shall be designed for the higher pressure, and tested at 1.5 times the higher pressure value, unless otherwise agreed This pressure shall be specified by the purchaser Coolers shall be designed so that, if one section is intended to be taken out of service for cleaning, the unit can carry at least two-thirds (or, by agreement, some smaller fraction) of rated load continuously, without the permissible temperatures of the active parts of the machine being exceeded Under these conditions, the primary cooling-air temperature may be higher than the design value Section Hydrogen-cooled or liquid-cooled machines This section applies to machines the active parts of which are cooled directly or indirectly by hydrogen, gas or liquid, or by a combination of both Some machines may use a gas other than hydrogen; if so, the same rules apply where appropriate ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 24 Hydrogen pressure in the casing The manufacturer shall indicate the hydrogen pressure in the casing at which the machine produces its rated output The following values of hydrogen pressure are preferred: 100 200 300 400 500 600 bar kPa These are gauge pressures, i.e above atmospheric pressure 25 Power factor Standardized rated power factors at the machine terminals are 0.85 and 0.9 lagging (overexcited) NOTE Other values may be agreed; the lower the power factor, the larger will be the machine 26 Short-circuit ratio (see also Sub-clause 16.1) The measured value of short-circuit ratio at rated voltage and rated stator current shall be: — for rated outputs not exceeding 200 MVA; not less than 0.45; — for rated outputs above 200 MVA but not exceeding 800 MVA: not less than 0.40; — for rated outputs above 800 MVA: not less than 0.35 © BSI 03-1999 EN 60034-3:1995 27 Machine housing and cover plates 30 Altitude The complete machine housing, and any pressure-containing cover plates (e.g over coolers) for use with hydrogen as a coolant, shall be designed to withstand an internal explosion, with the explosive mixture initially at atmospheric pressure, without danger to personnel If required by the purchaser at the time of the order, a hydrostatic pressure test shall be made to check the strength of the housing and cover plates A suitable test would be the application of a gauge pressure of bar (800 kPa) for 15 Machines shall be suitable for operation at the rated gas pressure (gauge) at altitudes not exceeding 000 m above sea level NOTE In some countries, established codes or standards may impose different test requirements At least six embedded temperature detectors (E.T.D.) shall be supplied in accordance with IEC Publication 34-1 For directly cooled machines, it is important to note that the temperature measured by E.T.D is no indication of the hot-spot temperature of the stator winding Observance of maximum coolant temperatures given in Item in Table III of IEC Publication 34-1 will ensure that the temperature of the winding is not excessive The limit of permissible temperature measured by E.T.D between the coil sides is intended to be a safeguard against excessive heating of the insulation from the core The E.T.D temperature readings may be used to monitor the operation of the cooling system of the stator winding The number of temperature detectors measuring the coolant temperature where it enters the machine shall be agreed For machines with direct cooling of the stator winding, the temperature of the cooling medium at the outlet of this winding shall be measured with at least three temperature detectors These detectors should be in intimate contact with the coolant Therefore, if the winding is gas-cooled, they should be installed as close to the exit duct from the coil as is consistent with electrical requirements If the winding is water-cooled, they should be installed in the piping inside the machine frame or as near as practicable to where the coolant leaves the frame, care being taken that there is no significant temperature difference between the point of measurement and the point where the coolant leaves the winding 28 Stator winding terminals The terminals for hydrogen-cooled machines shall be designed to withstand a gas pressure of at least bar (800 kPa) gauge Terminal insulators shall be electrically tested independently of the machine windings, and they shall withstand for 60 s a power-frequency dry dielectric test in air of not less than 1.5 times the one-minute test voltage of the machine winding NOTE The standard machine may be operated at its rated output at an altitude exceeding 000 m, provided that the cooling system is such that the rated absolute pressure of the primary coolant (hydrogen) can be maintained irrespective of the altitude, but agreement should be reached with the manufacturer in respect to seals, casings and auxiliary apparatus 31 Temperature detectors ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ NOTE When the terminals are liquid-cooled, the coolant connections need not be made for the high voltage test 29 Temperature of primary coolants, temperatures and temperature rises of the machine Machines other than those driven by gas turbines shall be in accordance with IEC Publication 34-1 The maximum temperatures of the primary coolants, hydrogen or liquid, may be other than 40 °C (for example, to obtain an economical design of cooler with the specified maximum temperature of the secondary coolant) If so: a) for indirectly cooled machines, the appropriate clauses of IEC Publication 34-1, concerning adjustment of temperature rises for air-cooled machines, shall apply; b) for directly cooled machines, the total temperature specified in the appropriate table of IEC Publication 34-1 shall apply unchanged NOTE In order to avoid excessive temperature rises, or excessive ranges of temperature, the maximum temperature of the coolant usually should not deviate from 40 °C by more than ± 10 K Particular requirements for machines driven by gas turbines are given in Clauses 34 and 35 © BSI 03-1999 32 Gas or liquid coolers Coolers shall be suitable, if not otherwise agreed, for water intake temperatures up to 32 °C and for a working pressure of not less than 3.5 bar (350 kPa) gauge The test pressure shall be 1.5 times the maximum working pressure, and shall be applied for 15 EN 60034-3:1995 If the water pressure in the cooler is controlled by a valve or pressure-reducing device connected to a water supply where the pressure is higher than the working pressure of the cooler, the cooler shall be designed for the higher pressure, and tested at 1.5 times the higher pressure value, unless otherwise agreed This higher pressure shall be specified by the purchaser Attention should be paid to the fact that under some conditions of operation, e.g during maintenance or while purging the casing of gas, a cooler might be subjected to gas pressure without water pressure It shall therefore be designed for a differential pressure of bar (800 kPa) gauge on the gas side The coolers shall be so designed that, if one section is intended to be taken out of service for cleaning, the unit can carry at least two-thirds (or, by agreement, some smaller fraction) of rated load continuously, without the permissible temperatures of the active parts of the machine being exceeded Under these conditions, the temperature of the primary coolant may be higher than the design value 33 Auxiliary system Some or all of the following equipment will be required for satisfactory operation of machines covered by Section 4, depending on the design of the coolant and auxiliary systems The list is not intended to be complete in all details, and other items may be provided a) A complete coolant gas system (hydrogen or other gas), with suitable regulators to control the gas pressure in the machine, suitable for connecting to the gas supply, and a gas dryer b) A complete system for the scavenging gas (usually carbon dioxide) suitable for connecting to the gas supply, to permit the casing to be safely filled with and scavenged of hydrogen If the pressurized air system of the power station is used to drive the scavenging gas from the casing, the connection to the air system shall be arranged to ensure that air cannot be released into the machine except to remove the scavenging gas, for example, by having a removable pipe connection c) Necessary indicators and alarm devices to enable the required degree of purity of hydrogen to be maintained and to enable the purity of the scavenging gas to be monitored while the casing is being emptied of hydrogen Two independent means for indicating purity should be provided d) Equipment for monitoring the sealing oil and, if required, for removing gas and water from it An emergency supply of seal oil shall be provided, to operate automatically if the main supply fails e) A complete liquid cooling system (or systems) with pumps, coolers and filters, and with suitable regulators to control the temperature of the cooling liquid f) Means of detecting the reduction or loss of flow of liquid through the windings g) Means of measuring the conductivity of water used for cooling the windings and maintaining it at a sufficiently low value h) Measuring instruments and alarms to indicate the functioning of all auxiliary apparatus and the presence of liquid in the machine; also means for removing the liquid Section Turbine-type machines driven by combustion gas turbines The section applies to turbine-type machines driven by gas turbines, with open-circuit air cooling, or closed-circuit cooling using air or hydrogen, with water or ambient air as the final coolant The requirements apply also while the generator is running uncoupled as a synchronous compensator ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 34 Service conditions A generator driven by a combustion gas turbine and conforming to this standard will be suitable for carrying a load in accordance with its rating and capabilities under the following service conditions 34.1 Primary coolant temperature For open-circuit air-cooled generators, the primary coolant temperature is the temperature of the air entering the machine This will normally be the ambient air temperature The range of this temperature shall be specified by the purchaser: it will normally be – °C to + 40 °C For machines with closed-circuit cooling, the primary coolant temperature is the temperature of the air or hydrogen entering the machine from the coolers The range of this coolant temperature shall be determined by the manufacturer, to obtain optimum design of machine and coolers, based upon the range of secondary (final) coolant temperature (ambient air or water) specified by the purchaser 34.2 Number of starts The number of starts per year to substantial load should not exceed 500 34.3 Application of load The load may be applied rapidly, and the rate of generator loading is limited only by the ability of the turbine to take up the load © BSI 03-1999 EN 60034-3:1995 35 Rating and capabilities 35.1 Rated output The rated output of the generator is the apparent power available continuously at the terminals at rated frequency, voltage and power factor, and hydrogen pressure where applicable, with a primary coolant temperature of 40 °C at the operating site, unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer The gas turbine is normally rated by ISO at an air intake temperature of 15 °C, and the generator is normally rated by IEC at an air intake temperature of 40 °C Therefore, a gas turbine and a generator with equal capabilities will have different ratings At rated output, the temperature rises in Tables I or II, or the temperatures in Table III, of IEC Publication 34-1 shall not be exceeded The generator parameters shall be defined with respect to this rating unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer 35.2 Capabilities A generator capability is the highest acceptable loading in apparent power under specified conditions of operation 35.2.1 Base capability ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ The base capability is the range of continuous output expressed in apparent power available at the machine terminals at the operating site at rated frequency, voltage and power factor, and hydrogen pressure where applicable, corresponding to the range of final coolant temperature specified for the operating site (see Sub-clause 34.1) with temperature rises or temperatures (as appropriate) not exceeding the values specified in Sub-clause 35.2.2 The generator base capability in active power divided by the generator efficiency shall equal or exceed the base capability of the gas turbine over the specified range of air temperature at intake to the turbine at site The manufacturer shall supply a curve of base capability under site conditions over the specified range of final coolant temperature (see Figure 3) For a machine with open-circuit air cooling, this coolant temperature will be exactly or approximately the same as that of the air at the turbine intake (scale A of Figure 3) It may be agreed that below some submitted low air temperature it is not necessary for the base capability of the generator to equal that of the turbine It may then be possible to meet all other requirements with a slightly smaller generator © BSI 03-1999 In a machine with closed-circuit air cooling, using a water-cooled heat exchanger, the temperature range of the water (the final coolant) will normally be less than the range of air temperature at intake to the turbine Consequently, as the air temperature falls the generator capability rises (if at all) more slowly than the turbine capability; the generator size is then determined by the turbine output at low air temperatures, and it might appear uneconomically large at the more usual air temperatures Under these conditions the agreement to limit the generator capability becomes of even greater importance in determining the optimum generator size With closed-circuit cooling there is the further consideration that there is no simple or constant relationship between the turbine air intake temperature and the cooling water temperature Therefore, Figure shows generator capability plotted against final coolant temperatures in scale B For all these reasons, agreement should be reached between the purchaser and the manufacturer about the extent to which the generator capability should match that of the turbine 35.2.2 Temperature rise and temperature at base capability For indirectly cooled machines, the temperature rises when operating at site shall be in accordance with Tables I or II of IEC Publication 34-1 as appropriate, adjusted as follows: a) for primary coolant temperatures from 10 °C to 60 °C: add (40 – primary coolant temperature) K; b) for primary coolant temperatures below 10 °C but not below – 20 °C, and for machines with an active length of: 1) less than 2.5 m: add 30 K + 1/2 (10 – primary coolant temperature) K; 2) 2.5 m or more: add 30 K; c) for primary coolant temperatures above 60 °C or below – 20 °C, an agreement shall be reached For windings directly cooled by air or hydrogen the total temperatures when operating on site shall be in accordance with the limits of Table III of IEC Publication 34-1, adjusted as follows: d) for primary coolant temperatures from 10 °C to 60 °C; no adjustment; e) for primary coolant temperatures below 10 °C but not below – 20 °C, and for machines with an active core length of: 1) less than 2.5 m: subtract 1/2 (10 – primary coolant temperature) K; 2) 2.5 m or more: subtract (10 – primary coolant temperature) K; EN 60034-3:1995 f) for primary coolant temperatures above 60 °C or below – 20 °C, an agreement shall be reached 35.2.3 Peak capability The peak capability (see Figure 3) is the range of continuous outputs expressed in apparent power available at the machine terminals at the operating site at rated frequency, voltage and power factor, and hydrogen pressure where applicable, corresponding to the range of final coolant temperature specified for the operating site (see Sub-clause 34.1) with temperature rises or temperatures (as appropriate) not exceeding the values given in Sub-clause 35.2.4 The consideration set out in Sub-clause 35.2.1 concerning the relationship between the generator and the turbine base capabilities apply also to peak capabilities 35.2.4 Temperature rise and temperature at peak capability For indirectly cooled machines, limiting temperature rises at peak capability shall be 15 K greater than those given in Sub-clause 35.2.2 For windings directly cooled by air or hydrogen the limiting total temperatures shall be 15 K greater than those of Sub-clause 35.2.2 NOTE Operation at peak capability will decrease the lifetime of the machine, because insulation ages thermally at about three to six times the rate that occurs at base capability temperatures ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 36 Rating plate The rating plate shall show the information stipulated in IEC Publication 34-1, plus the value of the peak capability output at the primary coolant temperature on which the rating is based 37 Temperature tests These tests may be made at rated load and at the primary coolant temperature on which the rating is based or, if agreed, at whatever primary coolant temperature is conveniently available and the corresponding base capability output Temperatures or temperature rises shall be in accordance with Sub-clause 35.2.2, corrected if necessary for difference in altitude between the test site and the operating site, in accordance with IEC Publication 34-1 38 Operation as a synchronous compensator If specified by the purchaser, provision shall be made for the machine to run as a synchronous compensator uncoupled from the gas turbine The underexcited and overexcited base and peak capabilities in the compensator mode shall be agreed 10 © BSI 03-1999 EN 60034-3:1995 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Figure — Operation over ranges of voltage and frequency (see Clause for conditions relating to operation over the ranges of voltage and frequency shown here) © BSI 03-1999 11 EN 60034-3:1995 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Figure — Typical capability diagram (see Clause 13) 12 © BSI 03-1999 EN 60034-3:1995 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Figure — Typical generator capability curves (see Sub-clause 35.2) Scale A: Coolant temperature (°C) for an open-circuit air cooled machine This temperature approximately equals that of the air at turbine intake Scale B: Final coolant temperature (°C) for a close-circuit cooled machine using air or hydrogen as the primary coolant NOTE The curves supplied for a particular machine will extend only over the range of coolant temperature specified For a machine with a heat exchanger, it is not intended that a scale of primary coolant temperature be shown also The two scales of final coolant temperature are included here merely to show forms of the diagram NOTE These typical curves not extend beyond primary coolant temperatures of – 20 °C and + 60 °C, because outside this range performance requirements should be agreed between manufacturer and purchaser NOTE With primary coolant temperatures below + 10 °C, machines with core length of 2.5 m or more operate with fixed limit of temperature rise The small increase of output shown is possible because the decrease in total temperatures reduces the resistance of the windings © BSI 03-1999 13 EN 60034-3:1995 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments) NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 45 1970 Specification for steam turbines — — ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 14 © BSI 03-1999 BS EN 60034-3:1995 National annex NA (informative) Cross-references Publication referred to IEC 34-2 IEC 34-4 Corresponding British Standard BS 4999 General requirements for rotating electrical machines Part 102:1987 Methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles) Part 104:1988 Methods of test for determining synchronous machine quantities The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of IEC 45, IEC 34-1 and IEC 34-8, to which normative reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ © BSI 03-1999 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI Ð British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards It presents the UK view on 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