Bsi bs en 50207 2000 scan

S T D - B S I BS E N 50207-ENGL Z O O L LbZqbb7 07082'43 PI BS EN BRITISH STANDARD 50207:2001 ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Railway applications Electronic power converters for rolling stock The European Standard EN 50207:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICs 29.200;45.060.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale S T D - B S I BS EN 50207-ENGL 2002 Lb24bb9 0908242 2 W BS EN 50207:ZOOl National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 50207:2000 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEIJS, Railway electrotechnical applications, which has the responsibility to: - aid enquirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; - monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled ?International Standards Correspondence Index?, or by using the ?Find? facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Committee, was published under the authorityof the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 May 2001 Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages to 51 and a back cover The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued Amd No Date Comments Q BSI 05-2001 ISBN O 680 36692 ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ~~ ~ ~ S T D - B S I BS EN - E N G L O O L = LbZVbb’i 07082V3 bb8 EN 50207 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM September 2000 ICs 29.200; 45.060.10 English version Bahnanwendungen - Elektronische Stromrichter auf Bahnfahrzeugen Applications ferroviaires Convertisseurs électroniques de puissance pour matériel roulant ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Railway applications - Electronic power converters for rolling stock This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2000-07-01 CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom CENELEC European Committee for ElectrotechnicalStandardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für ElektrotechnischeNormung - Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B 1050 Brussels O 2000 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members Ref No EN 50207:2000E Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale Page EN 50207:2000 Foreword This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 9X, Electrical and electronic applications for railways The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50207 on 2000-07-01 The following dates were fixed: - latest date by which the EN has to be implemented - at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2001-07-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2001-07-01 ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard Annexes designated “informative” are given only for information In this standard, annexes A and B are informative Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ~~ ~~ ~ S T D - B S I B S EN 50207-ENGL O O L ~ ~ lb2i.ibb7 07Oô245 430 H Page EN 50207:2000 Contents ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Scope Nonnative references 3.1 3.2 Definitions Definitions related to equipment Definitions related to electrical parameters 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 4.2.7 4.2.8 4.2.9 4.2.10 4.2.1 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3 4.5 4.5.1 4.5.2 4.5.3 4.5.4 Common clauses General Design Marking Technical documentation Reliability availability maintainability and safety Useful life Service conditions General Altitude Temperature Other environmental conditions Mechanical stress Load profile characteristics Supply system characteristics Interference Input current limitations Influence on the environment Temperature of surfaces Characteristics Characteristics of components Characteristics of semiconductor devices Characteristics of transformers reactors and capacitors Characteristics of converters Technical requirements Insulation coordination EMC requirementsfor converters Fault effects Tests General Converter tests Description of tests Failure of components during type tests 7 10 10 10 10 10 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 18 18 18 19 19 19 20 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 22 29 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 Direct traction converters 29 Line commutated converters for d.c motors 29 Characteristics 29 Tests 30 Choppers for d.c motors 31 Characteristics 31 Tests 32 Multiphase converters for a.c motors (inverters) 34 Characteristics 34 Tests 35 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 35 Indirect traction converters Line converter 36 Characteristics 36 Tests 36 Motor converter (inverter) 37 Motor converter for d.c motors 37 Motor converter for a.c motors 37 Q BSI 05-2001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale -~~ ~~ S T D - B S I BS EN ~ 50207-ENGL 2001 m m l b q b b 09082Lib 7 Page EN 50207:2000 7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.2 7.4.3 7.4.4 7.4.5 7.4.6 7.4.7 7.4.8 Auxiliary converters Characteristics Auxiliary converter starting conditions Input conditions and characteristics Output characteristics Short-circuit protection Choice of rated insulation voltage in presence of isolating transformers Tests Output characteristics test (type test) Starting and restarting test (type test) Short circuit test (type test) Voltage and frequency ranges verification (type test) Light load test (routine test) Overload capability test (type test) Temperature rise test (type test) Load break test (type test) 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 Semiconductors drive units (SDU) Equivalent expressions Printed circuit board assemblies Function of the SDU Particular requirements for the SDU Service conditions Insulation requirements for the SDU Electromagnetic compatibility requirements Tests of the SDU 37 37 37 38 38 39 39 39 40 40 40 40 41 41 41 41 41 41 42 42 42 42 42 42 43 Annex A (informative)Schemes of elementary converters A Types of converters A.2 Rectifier A.2.1 Function A.2.2 Block diagram A.2.3 Control A.3 Chopper A.3.1 Function A.3.2 Block diagram Types of choppers A.3.3 A.3.4 Control A.4 Inverter A.4.1 Function A.4.2 Block diagram Types of inverters A.4.3 A.4.4 Control Block diagrams for line converters for different types of the intermediate link A.5 A.5.1 Line converter with voltage-source intermediate link Line converter with current-source intermediate link A52 A.5.3 Line converter with transformer intermediate a.c link Arrangement of basic circuit diagrams A.6 44 44 44 44 44 45 45 45 45 45 46 46 46 46 46 47 47 48 48 48 48 Annex B (informative) Recapitulationlist of agreements betweenthe manufacturer and the user 50 o BSI 05-2001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Page EN 50207:2000 Scope This European Standard is applicable to power electronic converters mounted on-board railway rolling-stock and intended for supplying: - traction circuits; auxiliary circuits of power vehicles, coaches and trailers - The application of this standard extends as far as possible to all other traction vehicles including, for example, trolleybuses This standard covers the complete converter assembly together with its mounting arrangements containing: semiconductor device assemblies; integrated cooling systems: components of the intermediate d.c link, including any necessary filters associated with the d.c link; semiconductor drive units (SDU) and related sensors: - incorporated protection circuits - The following types of power sources are taken into consideration: - a.c contact lines: - d.c contact lines; - on-board supplies such as generators, batteries and other electric power sources This standard excludes converters which supply the electronic control and semiconductor drive units (SDU) NOTE Electronic control equipment of converters and those sensors not related to semiconductor drive units and the printed circuit board assemblies of drive units for power semiconductors(SDU) are covered by EN 50155 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ This standard defines terminology, service conditions, general characteristics and test methods of electronic power converters onboard of rolling stock Normative references This standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies EN I S 9000 EN IS0 9001 Quality management and quality assurance standards - Guidelines for selection and use Quality system - Model for quality assurance in design/development,production, installation and servicing EN I S 9002 Quality systems - Model for quality assurance in production, installation and servicing EN IS0 9003 Quality systems - Model for qualiỵy assurance in final inspection and test EN 50082-1 Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic immunity standard- Part i : Residential, commercial and light industry O BSI 05-2001 ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale Page EN 50207:2000 EN 50121 series, Railway applications - Electromagnetic compatibility EN 50121-1 Part 1: General EN 50121-2 Part 2: Emission of the whole railway system to the outside world EN 50121-3-1 Part 3-1: Rolling stock - Train and complete vehicle EN 50121-3-2 Part 3-2: Rolling stock EN 50121-4 Part 4: Emission and immunity of the signalling and telecommunicationsapparatus EN 50124-1 Railway applications - Insulation coordination - Part 1: Basic requirements Clearances and creepage distances for all electrical and electronic equipment EN 50125 series -Apparatus Railway applications -Environmental conditions for equipment Part 1: Equipment on board rolling stock EN 50125-1 EN 50126 Railway applications - The specification and demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) EN 50153 Railway applications - Rolling stock - Protective provisions relating to electrical hazards EN 50155 Railway applications - Electronic equipment used on rolling stock EN 50163 Railway applications - Supply voltages of traction systems EN 60146-1-1 Semiconductor convertors - General requirements and line commutated convertors - Part 1-1: Specifications of basic requirements (IEC 60146-1-1) ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - EN 60310 Railway applications - Traction transformers and inductors on rolling stock (l€C 6031O, mod.) EN 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures ( I f Code) (IEC 60529) EN 60551 Determination of transformer and reactor sound levels (IEC 60551, mod.) EN 61373 Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Shock and vibration tests EN 61377 Electric traction - Rolling stock - Combined testing of inverter-fed alternating current motors and their control (IEC 61377) EN 61881 Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment (IEC 67881) HD 91 Rules for ohmic resistors used in the power circuits of electrically powered vehicles (IEC 60322) IEC 60050(161) International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) compatibility - Chapter 161: Electromagnetic IEC 60050(551) International Electrotechnical Vocabulaty (IEV) magnetic devices - Chapter 55 1: Electrical and IEC 60050(81I ) International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Chapter 81 1: Electric traction IEC 60270 Partial discharge measurements IEC 60349 (series) Electric traction -Rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ - Capacitors for power electronics Electric traction - Rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles -Part 2: Electronic converter-fed alternating current motors IEC 60349-2 IEC 60384-4 Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment - Part 4: Sectional specification Aluminium electrolytic capacitors with solid and non-solid electrolyte IEC 60664-1 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests IEC 60747 (series) Semiconductor devices - Discrete devices Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale - - Page EN 50207:2000 IEC 61I Terminal markings for valve device stacks and assemblies and for power converter equipment IEC 61287-1 Power convertors installed on board rolling stock - Part 1: Characteristics and test methods Definitions For the purpose of this standard the definitions given in IEC60050-551:1998, together with the following additional definitions, apply 3.1 Definitions related to equipment 3.1.1 converter (electronic) (power) electronic device based on power semiconductors which changes one or more of the following parameters: voltage, current, frequency andlor the phase number of the power passing through it NOTE A converter is defined by the input and output electrical characteristics The converter may comprise a discrete chopper, inverter, etc or a combination of these not necessarily in one cubicle NOTE The converter is a part of the propulsion (or auxiliary) equipment The converter may include, for example, a line circuit breaker, filter, transfomer, cooling system, etc 3.1.2 traction converter [IEC 61287-11 converter providing power for the traction motors 3.1.3 auxiliary converter [IEC 60050(811-19-03)] Converter providing power for auxiliary services e.g lighting, battery charging, air conditioning, control circuits etc ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 3.1.5 indirect converter [IEC 61287-11 converter which converts the input energy into the output energy with an intermediate link 3.1.6 converter system [IEC 61287-11 system consisting of several converters required to operate connected together, each having different input andlor output characteristics and which also have different functional connections A converter system is defined by a system specification in addition to the individual specification of each different converter making up the system 3.1.7 current source intermediate link circuit linking at least two converters by a reactor connected in series 3.1.8 voltage source intermediate link circuit linking at least two converters and a capacitor connected in parallel 3.1.9 transformer intermediate link transformer which links two converters O BSI 05-2001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - 3.1.4 direct converter [IEC 61287-11 converter which converts the input energy into the output energy without an intermediate link S T D - B S I BS EN 50207-ENGL 2001 W b q b b 0908250 B T B Page EN 50207:2000 3.1.10 converterwindings windings of a transformer connected to the terminals of the converter 3.1.1 auxiliary windings windings of a transformer connected to the terminals of any auxiliary power supply or auxiliary equipment 3.1.12 semiconductor device [EN 60146-1-11 device whose essential characteristics are due to the flow of charge carriers within a semiconductor 3.1.13 input and output [IEC 61287-11 the input side of a converter is the side which absorbs active power in motoring operation, the output side being that side which delivers active power in motoring operation NOTE Electrical isolation If individual electrical circuits (e.g input-, output-, control circuit) are specified as isdated then the Circuits are galvanically separated 3.1.14 port [EN 50082-11 particular Interface of the specified apparatus with the external electromagnetic environment 3.1.15 enclosure port physical boundary of the apparatus through which electromagnetic fields may radiate or impinge 3.1.16 cable port point at which a conductor or a cable is connected to the apparatus Examples are signal, control and power ports ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 3.1.17 armature converter converter connected to the armature of a d.c motor to control the current or the voltage of the armature 3.1.18 field converter converter connected to the field winding of a d.c or a synchronous motor to control the current in the field circuit 3.1.19 unidirectionalchopper this type of chopper can transfer the energy only in one direction 3.1.20 stepdown chopper [IEC 61287-11 chopper of which the output voltage is lower than the input voltage 3.1.21 step-up chopper [IEC 61287-11 chopper of which the output voltage is higher than the input voltage 3.1.22 armature chopper [IEC 61287-11 chopper connected with the armature of a d.c motor to control the current or the voltage of the armature 3.1.23 field chopper [IEC 61287-11 chopper connected with the field of a d.c motor to control the current of the field ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale Page 38 EN 50207:2000 7.1.2 Input conditions and characteristics 7.1.2.1 Connection to the line The converter is connected directly to the line supply, therefore the characteristics of the input voltage are those which are defined in 4.2.7 The input characteristics are given in accordance with 4.3.4.4.1 If the converter is not directly connected to the line, all power supply characteristics shall be specified 7.1.2.2 Connection to the traction converter ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - The auxiliary converter is connected to an intermediate link, to the main input filter or to a secondary auxiliary winding of the main transformer All input characteristics (steady state and transient conditions) shall be / specified 7.1.2.3 Connectionto a bus bar supplied by another auxiliary converter or by a battery The input characteristics (steady state and transient conditions) shall be specified (see 4.3.4.4.1) 7.1.3 Output characteristics An auxiliary converter can have one output or multiple outputs 7.1.3.1 List of output characteristics An auxiliary converter can supply several output voltages which have different forms For each output at least the following characteristics shall be specified: - d.c output voltage: maximum continuous power; voltage and tolerances or charging mode (in case of battery charging); - d.c current ripple at rated load; admissible overioad; - instantaneouspeak current; maximum rate of rise of voltage; - - - a.c output voltage: maximum continuous power; voltage and tolerances; frequency and tolerances; voltage and frequency control at rated load and at overload; individual harmonic voltage amplitudes; admissible overload; instantaneouspeak current; maximum rate of rise of voltage 7.1.3.2 Output power An auxiliary converter is designed for a maximum continuous output power and/or for a load profile In addition to the maximum continuous power the auxiliary converter may have an overload capability This overload is defined by a maximurn current delivered during a specified time Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale - ~ - -~ ~ ~~ ~ S T D - B S I B S EN 50207-ENGL 2001 D L b b b 0908283 471 Page 39 EN 50207:2000 7.1.3.3 Voltage and frequency control The a.c output voltage of the converter can have two types: - - fixed frequency: In this case the tolerance of the frequency shall be specified; variable frequency: In this case the following shall be specified: the range of variation of frequency; and - whether the frequency varies continuously or by steps - 7.1.3.4 Output voltage harmonics of a.c outputs Harmonics of the a.c output are contained in the output voltage of the voltage source converter These harmonics shall be characterized by a distortion factor 7.2 Short-circuit protection The user shall specify in the specification whether the converter is short-circuit proof or not The behaviour of the converter in case of short-circuit shall be described in the specification 7.3 Choice of rated insulation voltage in presence of isolating transformers If an isolating transformer is provided, the output voltage level shall be considered relevant for design and safety of the output side If an isolating transformer is not provided the input voltage level shall be considered relevant for design and safety A lower voltage level (for instance the output level) can be allowed if there is an agreement between the manufacturer and the user covering the following points: the design and protection of the converter (crowbar or other equipment); insulating levels of the load; - safety rules - 7.4 Tests In addition to the tests listed in Table 3, the following tests shall be carried out All these additional tests given in Table shall be carried out with a series production control unit ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - In special cases (for example, high power auxiliary converters for train supply), after agreement between the manufacturer and the user, the load may be reduced and the control method may be changed, ensuring at least the same stress on the converter as in the intended application Q BSI 05-2001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale Lb29bb9 0908282 308 D STD=BSI BS EN 50207-ENGt 2001 Page 40 EN 50207:2000 Table -Additional tests for auxiliary converters Nature of test Locatlon Subclause ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Output characteristics test (type test) W.S 7.4.1 I Starting and restartingtest (type test) w.s 7.4.2 Short circuit test (type test) w *SI) 7.4.3 Voltage and frequency ranges verification W.S 7.4.4 Light load test (type test) (routine test) 7.4.5 Over load capability test (type test) w s w s (type test) W.S 7.4.7 (type test) w s 7.4.8 ~ 7.4.6 ~ Temperature rise-test Load break test I If the converter is short-circuit proof this test shall be carried out This test shall demonstrate that the behaviour of the converter conforms with the values specified in 7.2 ’) I 7.4.1 Output characteristics test (type test) This test is carried out to verify that the following electrical characteristics (where applicable) are in accordance with those specified: voltage and frequency control at rated load and at overload; d.c current ripple (in case of rectifier and chopper); individual harmonic voltage amplitudes; current and voltage limitation (if any) - The load can be a substitute load This test shall be carried out at minimum and maximum input rated voltages This test shall be carried out at rated power Acceptance criteria: This test is declared successful if the measured values are in accordance with those specified 7.4.2 Starting and restarting test (type test) This test is carried out to verify the characteristics described in 7.1.l This test shall be performed for minimum and maximum specified input characteristics Acceptance criteria: The converter starts successfully and the measured values are as specified 7.4.3 Short circuit test (type test) For a multiple output converter this test shall be camed out for all short-circuit protected outputs Acceptance criteria: No damage to any component in the converter occurs during the test 7.4.4 Voitage and frequency ranges verification (type test) The combinations of input and output values to be tested shall be such that correct fundoning over the whole range of operation is verified with a minimum of tests Acceptance criteria: When the output load(s) and the input voltage are at their limiting values, the outputvoltage(s), the fundamental frequency and the switching-frequency shall remain withinthe specified range (7.1.3.3) Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ~~ ~~ ~ ~ S T D - B S I BS EN 50207-ENGL 2001 m 1b24bb7 0708283 244 = Page 41 EN 50207:2000 7.4.5 Light load test (routine test) For an auxiliary converter this test is replaced by a rated load test The load can be simulated but the converter shall deliver the power at rated conditions Acceptance criteria: The test is successful if the output values are as specified under specific input conditions (stationary and transitory) 7.4.6 Overload capability test (type test) This test shall be carried out to verify the overload capability as defined in 7.1.3.2 Acceptance criteria: The test is successful if the converter supplies the overload for the specified time without sustaining any damage and without exceeding any critical temperature (see 4.5.3.1 I) 7.4.7 Temperature rise test (type test) This test shall be carried out at rated output conditions according to 7.1.3.2 The manufacturer and the user shall agree, before the test, on a list of measuring points (e.g inside cubical, main heat sink, etc.) whose temperature rise is to be measured In the case of cooling by natural air convection or by supported convection due to the movement of the vehicle, the test shall be carried out with the specified cooling conditions In the case of very-high power converters whose duty cycle may not be reproduced in the workshop, the appropriate values of temperature determined by calculation may be checked by reduced load tests or by sub-circuit (part of converter) tests under controlled conditions Acceptance criteria: The methods of performing this test and the requirements for acceptance shall be stated in the test specification 7.4.8 Load break test (type test) This test is carried out to verify that the converter does not sustain any damage when the load is suddenly disconnected A contactor is connected in series with the load After the current in the load has reached steady state condition, the contactor switches off the current The resulting voltage variation shall be detected by the protective equipment Acceptance criteria: The test is declared successful if the voltage variation is in accordance with the specified values, and no damage occurs to any component in the converter during the test NOTE In the case of multiple outputs, this test shall be repeated for each output and it is necessary to verify if the other output characteristics are in accordance with the specified values Semiconductors drive units (SDU) 8.1 Equivalent expressions In this subclause the following expressions are intended to be equivalent: “Base” “Source” and “Emitter” equivalent to equivalent to “Gate” “Cathode” ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale Page 42 EN 50207:2000 8.2 Printed circuit board assemblies Any printed circuit board of the SDU is covered by EN 50155, except for components responsible for isolation, which are covered by this standard 8.3 Function of the SDU The SDU transforms the switching commands which are created by the control electronics into gate-current and gate-to-cathode-voltage, which are suitable to drive the semiconductor connected to it Switching commands are transmitted electrically, magnetically or optically Semiconductors may be controlled by current (e.g thyristors, bipolar transistors, gate-tum-off thyristors) or by voltage (e.g field effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistors, MOS-controlledthyristors) The energy necessary to control the semiconductor may be provided directly, by transformer transmission or by charge pump 8.4 Particular requirements for the SDU 8.4.1 The SDU shall be able to force the semiconductor to switch the peak controllable on state current, of the application, without damage 8.4.2 The manufacturer shall describe the behaviour of the SDU if the gate of the semiconductor is short circuited to the cathode or is open circuited NOTE The user may require that the SDU shall not be damaged if the gate of the semiconductoris short circuited to the cathode or is open circuited 8.4.3 The converter and the SDU shall not be damaged in the case of interruption of the SDU's power supply The manufacturer shall ensure that sufficient energy is available in the SDU to generate the necessary pulses to put the converter in a safe state ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - 8.5 Service conditions The service conditions given in 4.2 of this standard are to be assumed 8.6 Insulation requirementsfor the SDU Special attention shall be paid to the fact that the SDU frequently has parts at ground-, electronic- and power-potentials and has an isolating function In applying the values in 4.4.1 this fact shall be taken into account 8.7 Electromagneticcompatibility requirements Special attention shall be paid to electromagneticcompatibility of the SDU The responsibility for assessment of electromagnetic compatibility between the SDU and other parts of the converter rests with the manufacturer of the converter For ports between the SDU and components in the environment of the converter, the relevant EMC requirementsare specified in EN 50121-3-2 O BSI 052001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ STD-BSI BS EN 50207-ENGL 0 m L b q b b 0708285 O17 W Page 43 EN 50207:2000 8.8 Tests of the SDU Before mounting the SDU into the converter, the SDU shall be tested in accordance with EN 50155 (see 4.5.2.1) The features of the SDU (which are not yet covered in EN 50155) shall be proven by a type test according to the test plan After mounting into the converter the SDU shall perform at its interfaces (power supply, control electronics, and semiconductor) as specified under all service conditions The SDU shall successfully complete all type and routine tests of the converter according to 4.5 Special attention should be given if the SDU is part of the protection system ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Q BSI 052001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale Page 44 EN 50207:2000 ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Annex A (informative) Schemes of elementary converters A.1 Types of converters This annex A describes the main elementary schemes used for converters installed on board railway stock It is not an exhaustive list of all possible schemes Different types of line-commutated, load commutated and self-commutated converters are used on rail vehicles For the sake of clarity no classification of self-commutated tum-off connections has been undertaken In traction and auxiliary converters the following semiconductor devices are present: - non controllable semiconductor devices with unidirectional current flow; semiconductor devices with turn on capability only (e.g thyristors) combined with a tum-off circuit (with or without active semiconductor devices, depending on circuit diagram); semiconductor devices with tum on, and tum-off (quenching) capability (e.g gate tum-off thyristor (GTO), transistor) The different schemes of elementary converters with which traction and auxiliary converters are built, are described in A.2, A.3 and A.4 The three basic schemes used are rectifiers, choppers and inverters, but this standard is also available for other circuit diagrams such as cycloconverters, resonant converters, etc The terms rectifier and inverter are used here referring to the direction of the main energy flow, ¡.e in the motoring mode for traction converters and from the supply source to the load for auxiliary converters Some types of rectifiers and inverters can operate in both directions The symbols in the following diagrams give the main direction of the energy flow A.2 Rectifier A2.1 Function In the main energy flow direction a rectifier transforms an a.c voltage into a d.c voltage In railway applications, three phase and single phase bridge connections are the most commonly used According to the application, the energy can flow in only one direction or in both The inversion can be obtained by inversion 0f.d.c side current or voltage A2.2 Block diagram ,-m+ , -KI+ Figure A.1 represents the block diagram of a rectifier were the main energy direction is indicated main energy direction Figure A l - Block diagram of a rectifier O BSI 052001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ~ ~- ~~ ~~ ~~ S T D * B S I BS EN 50207-ENGL 2001 ~ ~~ ~ l b b b 0708287 97T Page 45 EN 50207:2000 112.3 Control Corresponding to the control properties of the semiconductor devices (uncontrolled, turn on controlled or turn on and turn off controlled), the methods of controllability are: - phase control; full wave control; pulse-width modulation (PWM) - Phase control is characterized by turn on of a bridge arm (principal arm) at a defined phase angle in each period of the power supply Full wave control is characterized by one bridge arm fired or not fired during a half supply-voltage period Pulse-width modulation involves one or several firing and turn-off events of a bridge-arm during a half supply-voltage period Special control methods can be used to reduce harmonics, to increase the power factor, etc (e.g a thyristor rectifier can be controlled as a mixed thyristor/diode rectifier) NOTE Special applications of the recüfier are described in clause 'Direct-converters" and clause 'Indirect converters" A.3 Chopper A3.1 Function A chopper transforms a d.c voltage to another d.c voltage Figure A.2 represents the block diagram of a chopper were the main energy direction is indicated I= h main energy direction Figure A - Block diagram of a chopper A.3.3 Types of choppers The properties of voltage, current and energy transfer define the type of choppers There are five main types of choppers A.3.3.1 The step-down chopper is a chopper which transfers energy from a higher to a lower voltage A.3.3.2 The step-up chopper is a chopper which transfers energy from a lower to a higher voltage A.3.3.3 The step-upldown (2-quadrant) voltage reversing chopper is a chopper which reverses the flow of energy by reversing the voltage A.3.3.4 The step-up/down (2-quadrant) current reversing chopper is a chopper which reverses the flow of energy by reversing the current A3.3.5 The step-upldown (4-quadrant) chopper is a chopper which transfers energy in each direction irrespective of the voltages and currents Each of these types of choppers have the property of either unidirectional or bi-directional energy transfer The change of operation from one energy direction to another or from step-down to step-up may be performed by activating the adjacent arms of the chopper, when they are all installed If all the arms are not installed, a regrouping of the arms by switches is another practical way O BSI 052001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - A3.2 Block diagram ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ STD-BSI BS EN 50207-ENGL O D l ~~ lb2rlbb9 0908288 82b D Page 46 EN 50207:2000 A3.4 Control Choppers can be differentiated according to their control mode There are essentially three methods to control a chopper and obtain a variable d.c output voltage: - fixed frequency and variable pulse width; fixed pulse width and variable frequency; combination of these two methods - NOTE Particular methods of control can be used to reduce harmonics or extend the range of controllability, such as step change frequencies combined with continuous variation of conduction ratio, direct current control, etc A4 Inverter 114.1 Function In the main energy flow direction an inverter transforms a d.c voltage into an a.c voltage In railway applications, the most commonly used are single phase or three phase inverters A4.2 Block diagram Figure A.3 represents the block diagram of a inverter were the main energy direction is indicated ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Figure A3 - Block diagram of an inverter A4.3 Types of inverters 114.3.1 Load commutated inverter Definitions are given in IEC 60050(551-05-05) NOTE In the lower speed range, where the machine is nc able to provide the necessary commutatif- voltage, inverters of this type requlre an adliary commutating device or cyclic interruptionof the current by an other converter A4.3.2 Self commutated Inverter Definitions are given in IEC 60050(551-05-06) There are two types of self commutated inverters - Voltage source inverter (see definition 3.1.8) The voltage source inverter impresses an a.c voltage with low internal impedance on the load This type of inverter is used for both traction and auxiliary inverters - Current source inverter (see definition 3.1.7) The current source inverter is mainly used for traction Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale Page 47 EN 50207:2000 A.4.4 Control A4.4.1 General There are three main methods of controlling an inverter: - load commutated inverter: phase-control, with frequency imposed by the load, with the ability to control the ratio between the input and output voltage; - voltage source inverter: variable frequency controlled by the inverter, and with the ability to control the ratio between input and output voltage; - current source inverter: variable frequency controlled by the inverter with the ability to control the ratio between input and output current A.4.4.2 Voltage source inverter Two modes of inverter operation are interesting from the control point of view: - - frequency control; frequency and voltage control Mode 1: Frequency control The modulation of the inverter, if any, is used to minimize harmonics in the output voltage; it is not used to control the output voltage The output voltage depends on the inverter input voltage The input voltage can be either uncontrolled or controlled This operation mode is mainly used for auxiliary inverters Mode 2: Frequency and voltage control The inverter controls both frequency and output voltage ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - The fundamental values of frequency and voltage are controlled by changing the pulse width This control method is called pulse width modulation (PWM) and is applied to both auxiliary and traction inverters NOTE Modulation methods are normally optimized to minimize harmonics in the output voltage and hence in the output current A S Block diagrams for line converters for different types of the intermediate link Different combinations of the basic circuits are possible The diagram of Figure A.7 gives the most usual combinations of circuit diagrams between the power supply and the traction motor or other loads O BSI 05-2001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale Page 48 EN 50207:2000 A5.1 Line converter with voltage-source intermediate link Id Ud d.c current in the intermediate link d.c voltage of the intermediate link Figure A4 - Block diagram of a line converter with voltage source intermediate link A5.2 Line converter with current-source intermediate link id Ud d.c current in the intermediate link d.c voltage of the intermediate link Figure A5 - Block diagram of a line converter with current-source intermediate link =m O+ A5.3 Line converter with transformer intermediate a.c link 'a.c Ua.c +a.c - a.c current in the intermediatea.c link Ua.= a.c voltage of the intermediatea.c link fa.c frequency of current(s) and voltage@)in the intermediate a.c link Flgure A6 -Block diagram of a line converter with transformer intermediate a.c link A6 Arrangement of basic circuit diagrams Different combinations of the basic circuits are possible The diagram of Figure A.7 gives the most usual combinations of circuit diagrams between the power supply and the traction motor or other loads ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale S T D - B S I BS EN 50207-ENGL 2001 = l b V b b 0908293 3 W Page 49 EN 50207:2000 I D.C.Supply supply ( Fixed Frequency) (D.C.Line or (Variable Frequency) Autonomous Supply) e Transformer O Motor Windings or A.C Load NOTE Passive devices, such as filters and energy storage elements are not shown Figure A7 - Examples of combinations O BSI 05-2001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - or D.C Load Page 50 EN 50207:2000 Annex B (informative) Recapitulation list of agreements between the manufacturer and the user Clause 4.1.3.1 4.2.10 Title Comment reliability target availabilitytarget maintenance requirements safety requirements particular service conditions class load class EN 50163 deviations EN 50163 deviations measurement method lower values choice of the class particular value installationregarding discomfort contractual mass and corresponding test (4.5.3.2,4.5.3.3) ~ Characteristicsof cooling systems Input quantities (see 4.2.7,4.2.8 and 4.2.9) Rated values Special values 4.4.1.1 14.4.2.1 design process Design Documentationsupplied by the manufacturer Documentationto be supplied by the user Reliability Availability Maintainability Safety Useful life General Start up temperatures Load profile Supply system characteristics Step change of line voltage corresponding performance Distortion of the line voltage Overvoltage in a.c systems Main characteristics of the d.c line voltage Step change of the line voltage corresponding performance Overvoltage in d.c systems On-board supply systems Interferencewith the supply system (emission) Interferencewith signalling systems input current limitations Acoustic noise Electrical isolation Clearance distances for insulation General ~ supply characteristics harmonic limit values and input impedance resettable protective devices electrical and physical quantities short-circuit and open circuit characteristics particular requirements rated impulse voltage high disturbances, low susceptibility devices test specification Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - 4.4.3 ~~ ~ ~ S T D - B S I B S EN 50207-ENGL 0 ~ ~~ 1b24bb7 0708273 173 Page 51 EN 50207:2000 (continued) Clause Title Comment ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - O BSI 052001 Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale BS EN 50207:2001 BSI - British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level It is incorporated by Royal Charter Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover Tel: 020 8996 9000.Fax: 020 8996 7400 BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards Buying standards In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless otherwise requested Information on standards BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give details on all its products and services Contact the Information Centre Tel: 020 8996 7111.Fax: 020 8996 7048 Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards For details of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration Tel: 020 8996 7002.Fax: 020 8996 7001.Further information about BSI is available on the BSI website at b b Copyright Copyright subsists in all BSI publications BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK,of the publications of the international standardization bodies Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise -without prior written permission from BSI This does not preclude the nee use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations If these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London w4 4AL Copyright European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENELEC No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing agreement Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager Tel: 020 8996 7070 Not for Resale ````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,` - Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services Tel: 020 8996 9001.Fax: 020 8996 7001 Standards are also available from the BSI website at &tn://www.bsi-dobal.com