Bsi bs en 15287 1 2007 + a1 2010 (2013)

BRITISH STANDARD Chimneys — Design, installation and commissioning of chimneys Part 1: Chimneys for non-roomsealed heating appliances ICS 91.060.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN BS EN 15287-1:2007 15287-1:2007 +A1:2010 Incorporating Incorporating corrigendum corrigenda corrigendum November 2008 November 2008 and July 2013 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 BS EN 15287-1:2007 National foreword This British Standard Standard is is the theUK UKimplementation implementationofof EN 15287-1:2007 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 BS EN 15287-1:2007, which and all parts of It supersedes BS 6461-1:198It4,supersedes BS EN 12391-1:2003 is withdrawn BS 7566:1992 which are withdrawn This British to to BS 5440This British Standard Standardcan canbe beconsidered consideredcomplementary complementary BS 5440-1:2008 1:2008 The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is The UK participation its preparation waschanges entrusted to Technical indicated in the text byin tags Tags indicating to CEN text Committee B/506, Chimneys carry the number of the CEN amendment For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1toisNE indicated by  National Annexes NA (informative) identify the provisions The UK participation its the preparation was entrusted by Technical currently required to in meet UK devolved administrations Building Committee B/506, Chimneys, Subcommittee B/506/1, Chimneys Regulations for chimneys (seetoAnnex NE, Clause NE.2, for details) general requirements and encompass recommendations drawn from the requirements of BS 6461-1:1984 and BS 7566 (all parts) Annexes NA to ND inclusive A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be detail recommendations the installation of chimneys and flues for obtained on request to itsfor secretary domestic appliances solid fuel (including wood and peat) National Annexes NAburning to NE (informative) identify the provisions Annex NE provides information relevant for chimneys to be Building used with currently required to meet the UK devolved administrations gas and oil appliances Regulations for chimneys (see Annex NE, Clause NE.2, for details) and encompass recommendations drawn from the requirements of A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained BS 6461-1:1984 and BS 7566 (all parts) Annexes NA to ND inclusive on request to its secretary detail recommendations for the installation of chimneys and flues for domestic appliances burning solid (including and peat) This publication does not purport to fuel include all thewood necessary Annex NE provides information relevant for chimneys to be used with provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct gas and oil appliances application This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions Compliance with are a British Standard cannot confer immunity of a contract Users responsible for its correct application from legal obligations Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations Amendments/corrigenda issued since sincepublication publication Amendments/corrigenda issued This British Standard This British British Standard Standard was was This was published under published under the the authority authority published under the authority ofPolicy the and of the Standards of the Standards Policy and Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on Strategy Committee on Strategy Committee on 30 30 September September 2008 2008 30 September 2008 #The BSIBritish 2008 Standards © © The British Standards Institution 2012 Published by Institution 2013 BSI Standards Limited 2012 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013 ISBN ISBN978 97800580 58070207 62530 ISBN 978 580 83531 Date Date Comments Comments 30 Correction 30November November 2008 CorrectiontotoNational NationalForeword, Foreword, and Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication and addition of National Annexes addition of National Annexes NA to NE NA to NE Date Comments 30 June 2012 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2010 30 November 2008 Correction of National Foreword, and addition of National Annexes NA to NE 30 June 2012 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2010 31 July 2013 National Annex NA, Subclause 7.2 revised EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 15287-1:2007+A1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM August 2010 ICS 91.060.40 Supersedes EN 15287-1:2007 English Version Chimneys - Design, installation and commissioning of chimneys - Part 1: Chimneys for non-roomsealed heating appliances Conduits de fumée - Conception, installation et mise en oevre des conduits de fumée - Partie 1: Conduits de fumée pour appareils qui dépendent de l'air dans la pièce Abgasanlagen - Planung, Montage und Abnahme von Abgasanlagen - Teil 1: Abgasanlagen für raumluftabhängige Feuerstätten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 July 2007 and includes Amendment approved by CEN on 28 July 2010 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010: E EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions 6 4 Design 11 5 Installation 25 6 Commissioning/handover 26 Annex A (informative) Determination of the chimney designation for custom-built and relined chimneys 27 Annex B (informative) List of heating appliance data required for the design of a chimney 39  Annex C (informative) Example of a chimney designation 40 Annex D (informative) Correlation between designation parameters for clay/ceramic flue liners and clay/ceramic flue blocks and concrete flue liners and concrete flue blocks 41 Annex E (informative) Designation of metal system chimneys and correlation between metal liner material specification and corrosion load in Member States (MS) 43 Annex F (informative) Example of typical building structure designed to assist exchange of information 49 Annex G (informative) Examples of a chimney plate 52 Annex H (normative) Determination of a chimney designation for an installed metal system chimney 53 Annex I (informative) Example for the determination of the designation of a relined chimney using a metal flue liner 54 Annex J (informative) Example for the determination of the designation of a custom-built chimney using a clay/ceramic flue liner 60 Annex K (normative) Determination of the designation for an installed metal connecting flue pipe 65 Annex L (informative) Recommendations for inspection, cleaning and maintenance 66  Annex M (informative) Location of the chimney outlet 67 Annex N (informative) Calculating the temperature of adjacent material 71  Annex O (informative) Chimney commissioning 74 Annex P (informative) Useful hints for checking, handling and site storage of materials and components 77 Bibliography 79 National Annex NA (informative) Recommendations for the installation of chimneys and flues for domestic appliances burning solid fuel (including wood and peat) 80 National Annex NB (informative) Remedial action for defective chimneys 110 115 National Annex NC (informative) Chimney and flue pipe cleaning and maintenance 112 117 National Annex ND (informative) Designation 117 122 National Annex NE (informative) Chimneys to be used with gas and oil appliances 119 124 2 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) EN Foreword This document (EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 166 “Chimneys”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2011 This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2010-07-28 This document supersedes !EN 15287-1:2007" The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! " Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document is one of a series of specifications as listed below: Chimneys — Design, installation and commissioning of chimneys — Part 1: Chimneys for non-roomsealed heating appliances Chimneys — Design, installation and commissioning of chimneys — Part 2: Chimneys for roomsealed heating appliances According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) (E) Introduction CEN/TC 166 started with its programme on standardization of chimneys approximately 15 years ago, with standards for interfaces, for products, for test and last but not least for design, installation, construction and commissioning matters For the work program in the last years first priority had been given to product and test standards In the meantime most of the product and test standards are published or nearly ready to be published In order to introduce the products, which are tested and certified in accordance with the relevant European Standards, in an easy way on the markets of the different countries, some common rules for design, installation, and commissioning especially with reference to the designation of a chimney are helpful Firstly CEN/TC 166/SC started the work on execution standards for metal chimneys The first standard had been already published as EN 12391-1 in 2003 In order not to repeat this work in all material oriented WGs and SCs, CEN/TC 166 decided in 2002 to give the task to WG to develop a material independent design, installation and commissioning standard CEN/TC 166/WG started the work in 2003 and decided first to write two documents, one for chimneys connected to non-roomsealed heating appliances and one for chimneys connected to room-sealed heating appliances Working on the documents there where two strong positions, one for a Technical Specification (TS) and one for a European Standard (EN) Following the proposal of CEN/TC 166/WG 1, CEN/TC 166 decided to launch a vote on the question which of the two positions should apply The CEN/TC 166 members had been in favour of creating European Standards (EN) BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) EN Scope This European Standard describes the method of specifying the design, installation criteria for system chimneys, construction of custom built chimneys, and the relining of existing chimneys It also gives information on commissioning of chimneys This European Standard also deals with connecting flue pipes This European Standard does not apply to freestanding chimneys covered by EN 13084-1 This European Standard excludes chimneys designated H (high positive pressure chimneys) and chimneys for room-sealed heating appliances For the purpose of this European Standard the term "installation" includes construction Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 1443:2003, Chimneys — General requirements EN 1457, Chimneys — Clay/ceramic flue liners — Requirements and test methods EN 1806, Chimneys — Clay/ceramic flue blocks for single wall chimneys — Requirements and test methods EN 1856-1, Chimneys — Requirements for metal chimneys — Part 1: System chimney products EN 1856-2, Chimneys — Requirements for metal chimneys — Part 2: Metal liners and connecting flue pipes EN 1857, Chimneys — Components — Concrete flue liners EN 1858, Chimneys — Components — Concrete flue blocks EN 12446, Chimneys — Components — Concrete outer wall elements EN 13063-1, Chimneys — System chimneys with clay/ceramic flue liners — Part 1: Requirements and test methods for sootfire resistance EN 13063-2, Chimneys — System chimneys with clay/ceramic flue liners — Part 2: Requirements and test methods under wet conditions EN 13063-3, Chimneys — System chimneys with clay/ceramic flue liners — Part 3: Requirements and test methods for air flue system chimneys EN 13069, Chimneys — Clay/ceramic outer walls for system chimneys — Requirements and test methods EN 13084 (all parts), Free-standing chimneys EN 13384-1:2002, Chimneys — Thermal and fluid dynamic calculation methods — Part 1: Chimneys serving one appliance EN 13384-2, Chimneys — Thermal and fluid dynamic calculation methods — Part 2: Chimneys serving more than one heating appliance BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) (E) EN 13502, Chimneys — Requirements and test methods for clay/ceramic flue terminals EN 14297, Chimneys — Freeze-thaw resistance test method for chimney products EN 14471, Chimneys — System chimneys with plastic flue liners — Requirements and test methods EN 14989-1, Chimneys — Requirements and test methods for metal chimneys and material independent air supply ducts for roomsealed heating applications — Part 1: Vertical air/flue terminals for C6-type appliances Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1443:2003 together with the following apply NOTE Examples of chimney construction identifying individual component terminology and definitions are given in Figures 1, and 3.1 access component component installed in the chimney or in the connecting flue pipe to provide access to the flue for the purpose of inspection or cleaning 3.2 back ventilation ventilation in the space between flue liner and the outer wall of the chimney or an enclosure to evacuate the products of combustion which can escape from the flue liner in positive pressure multi-wall systems 3.3 centralising spacer component to centralise the liner 3.4 chimney adapter component which connects a chimney to a connecting flue pipe or an heating appliance 3.5 condensate drain component to facilitate the disposal of condensate 3.6 damper device used to close or partially close the flue 3.7 draught regulator balanced hinged flap in a flue opening to allow airflow into the chimney to control draught at the boiler outlet 3.8 elbow chimney fitting which provides a change of direction of the flue 3.9 explosion relief device that protects the chimney against overpressure arising from deflagration or explosion in the flue 3.10 fire compartment part of the building being isolated to provide resistance to fire BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) EN 3.11 fire stop component intended to provide resistance to fire spread between rooms or compartments 3.12 flashing component or site fabricated materials used for weatherproofing the penetration of the roof by the chimney 3.13 flexible liner tube having a single or multi-skin construction that is able to bend in any direction without permanent deformation 3.14 heating appliance adapter component which connects the connecting flue pipe or the chimney to a heating appliance 3.15 rain cap part of the chimney that protects against the entry of rain This can be a part of a terminal 3.16 rigid liner straight liner that cannot bend without permanent deformation 3.17 rain seal part of the chimney that stops the entry of rain into the insulation space 3.18 seal device that joins two elements in such a way as to prevent leakage 3.19 sealant material which, applied in an unformed state to a joint, seals it by adhering to appropriate surfaces within the joint 3.20 silencer component installed to provide noise attenuation 3.21 sleeve component which provides an aperture through a wall, ceiling or floor through which a chimney or a connecting flue pipe passes 3.22 test point component that provides access for flue gas sampling and measurement 3.23 T-piece chimney fitting which allows a heating appliance, connecting flue pipe or accessory to be connected to the chimney flue at an angle BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) (E) Key chimney chimney section flue flue liner adjacent combustible wall or enclosure or cladding chimney fitting thermal insulation outer wall 10 11 connecting flue pipe heating appliance non-combustible enclosure or cladding 12 13 distance to combustible material access component Figure — Chimney components and chimney accessories of a multi-wall chimney BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) The chimney breast and surrounding walls should then be observed at ground level, first floor level, roof space level and terminal level to check for major smoke leakage As this may occur some distance from the original fault, particular attention should be taken at barge overhangs to end of terrace dwellings and at eaves for leakage from cavities The smoke test should be allowed to continue for at least minutes If there is no sealed heating appliance but an open-type fire or appliance recess, a piece of board should be placed over the fire opening and sealed around the edges after igniting the smoke pellets Some smoke leakage may be seen during the smoke test and it is a matter of expert judgement to whether leakage indicates failure NOTE If the chimney being tested forms part of a multi-flued construction as in a back-to-back situation, the fire(s) connected to the other flues should not be alight NOTE The smoke test should be carried out using suitable smoke pellets The minimum performance of a pellet should be one, which the pellet manufacturer claims generates m³ of smoke in 30 seconds burn time NA.8.3.4 Flue flow test for metal chimneys (draw test) The appliance, if fitted, should not be alight at the time of the test Before commencing, the chimney flue should be warmed by a gas blow lamp or similar heating device for about 10 minutes The ashpit door of the appliance and thermostat (if fitted) should be in the closed position Any soot doors or flue pipe access doors should be closed Two smoke pellets should be placed in the appliance firebox or the bottom of the chimney or the appliance recess and ignited Open the combustion air controls When smoke starts to form, the smoke should be allowed to drift upwards The test is satisfactory if, while the smoke pellet is burning, there is no spillage of smoke at the heating appliance, no seepage of smoke over the length of the flue and there is discharge of smoke from the terminal However, if there is smoke spillage at the heating appliance position, or seepage from the chimney then the test has failed Some smoke leakage may be seen during the draw test and it is a matter of expert judgement as to whether any leakage indicates failure NA.9 Chimney notice plate A notice plate should be provided and should convey the following information: a) the location of the hearth, fireplace (or flue box) or the location of the beginning of the flue; b) the category of the flue and generic types of appliance that can be safely accommodated; c) the size of the flue and designation to the appropriate European Standard as shown in the example in National annex ND (informative); d) The installation date The notice plate should be robust, indelibly marked and securely fixed in an unobtrusive but obvious position within the building such as: a) next to the electricity consumer unit; b) next to the chimney or hearth; c) 114 next to the water supply stop-cock BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) National Annex NB (informative) Remedial action for defective chimneys NB.1 General In houses built before 1966, chimney flues were usually lined with lime mortar parging Where such chimneys are exposed on outside walls, and especially when serving modern high efficiency closed appliances, such as domestic hot water boilers that can be operated at low outputs for long periods, the parging is liable to deteriorate in time, exposing the brickwork or masonry to flue gases Damage to the chimney fabric can then result from the effects of condensation of the water vapour and acidic products of combustion and also from acidic salts in the brickwork This is outlined in NA.4.4 In some cases, condensation will penetrate the brickwork of the chimney and will stain plaster and inside decorations This usually shows as damp stains or even tarry patches, often with an unpleasant smell, on walls and ceilings adjacent to an outside chimney, especially in rooms on upper floors In very bad cases of damage caused to the chimney structure, e.g severe cracks in the walls of the chimney, leaning or disintegrating chimney stack, or very bad wall staining, it may be necessary to rebuild part or all of the chimney, in which case the recommendations in this national annex NB for the construction and lining of chimneys should be observed to guard against a repetition of such problems Where damage has not caused the chimney to become structurally unsafe, or where it is considered prudent to protect the chimney fabric from possible deterioration in the future, less costly methods can be adopted to repair or protect an existing chimney, but each involves applying a suitable form of lining to the flue to protect the brickwork and mortar joints from the products of combustion Wherever possible, insulation of the flue against excessive heat loss should also be incorporated to reduce the incidence of condensation It is essential that the flue should be thoroughly swept before any repairs are carried out Various methods by which repair and protection work can be applied to existing chimneys are described in NB.2 and NB.3 NB.2 Clay and refractory concrete flue liners Products described in NA.5.2.4 are suitable flue liners These flue liners usually require holes to be cut through the brickwork at intervals throughout the height of the flue to allow the sections to be jointed together If it is desirable to line an existing chimney in this way, a space of 25 mm between the liner and the brickwork should be filled with suitable insulating material as detailed in NA.5.1.5, as the work progresses, unless provision for insulation is incorporated in the construction in the liner NB.3 Flexible metal lining systems and their fittings Flexible metal lining systems and their fittings should conform to BS EN 1856-2 Single skin flexible stainless steel liners as specified in BS EN 1856-2 NA.2 for lining existing chimneys serving gas fired appliances should not be used for lining chimneys serving solid fuel appliances 115 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) NB.4 Metal system chimneys used as liners A system chimney to BS EN 1856-1 can be used as a liner to repair an existing masonry chimney NB.5 Non-metallic chimney re-lining systems Other re-lining systems may be used provided they have been accredited and/or certified a) cast in-situ flue relining system where the material and installation procedures are suitable for use with solid fuel burning appliances and meeting the relevant requirements of BS EN 1857; b) other systems which are suitable for use with solid fuel-burning appliances as above 116 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) National Annex NC (informative) Chimney and flue pipe cleaning and maintenance NC.1 Cleaning NC.1.1 Introduction This annex is intended to give guidance on the cleaning of domestic chimneys and flue pipes serving appliances burning solid fuels and wood, peat, etc It highlights the problems encountered on site, provides information on appliances, and lists the equipment available to carry out sweeping The frequency of chimney sweeping will depend on many factors, i.e type of fuel and quantity used and method of operation of the appliance Failure to maintain a clean chimney can result in the emission of toxic gases into the dwelling or structural damage from possible chimney fires It is therefore necessary to sweep chimneys at regular intervals The interval will be determined by user experience but under no circumstances should this be less than once a year and preferably twice a year with one time at the end of the season It is advisable that all chimneys should be swept at the start of the heating season Any flue pipe connecting an appliance to a chimney may be of a smaller cross-sectional area than the chimney It is therefore advisable to clean any flue pipe at intervals not exceeding one month There will be circumstances when this period will need to be reduced; this should be determined by user experience NC.1.2 Conditions on site NC.1.2.1 Fuels used The inherent differences in fuels and the way that they are burned can in varying degrees affect the type and quantity of material likely to be deposited within a chimney or flue pipe Solid mineral fuels (coal, coke, etc.) produce various deposits depending on the type of product and the method of usage Bituminous coals can have volatile matter contents up to 40%; a proportion of this can, under certain circumstances be deposited within the flueway in the form of soot Naturally occurring or manufactured smokeless fuels have much lower volatile matter content This greatly reduces the amount of soot encountered within the flue Fly ash may be entrained in the flue gases which may deposit out at any point within the chimney or flue pipe Wood burning produces deposits of soot, tarry matter and wood ash in the chimney or flue pipe The amount of tarry deposit can be reduced by using well seasoned wood air dried for at least months, preferably 12 months, and by ensuring that an active bright fire is maintained, and the appliance manufacturers guidance should be sought Peat as a domestic fuel is available in two forms, briquetted (soft or hard type) or hand cut (stacked and air dried) These two forms produce considerable quantities of tar in the chimney This is likely to be associated with quantities of peat ash which is light and “fluffy” in consistency and readily carried into the chimney or flue pipe by the flue gases The quantity of tar deposits can be kept to a minimum by maintaining an active and bright fire When using a metal chimney, please check the manufacturer recommendations to see if it is suitable to use with a particular type of fuel 117 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) NC.1.2.2 Appliances used A variety of appliance types can be encountered on site The following list outlines two broad categories Appliance recess: a) open fire without boiler, inset or, free-standing; open fire with boiler, inset or free-standing; room heater without boiler, inset or free-standing; room heater with boiler, inset or free-standing; stove without boiler, free-standing; stove with boiler, free-standing Chimney not serving appliance recess: b) open fire without boiler, free-standing; open fire with boiler, free-standing; room heater without boiler, free-standing; room heater with boiler, free-standing; stove without boiler, free-standing; stove with boiler, free-standing; independent boiler, free-standing; cooker without boiler, free-standing; cooker with boiler, free-standing NOTE Lists a) and b) not attempt to classify the types of fuel to be burnt This can vary depending upon the appliance although the manufacturer’s recommendations on suitable fuels should be followed NC.1.2.3 Types and range of chimneys The types and range of chimneys found on site vary considerably Size and design play an important part in the considerations required for effective sweeping The following list encompasses the chimney systems described in this national annex NC: a) brickwork chimneys; b) blockwork chimneys; c) 118 stonework chimneys; BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) d) system chimneys; e) flue pipes; f) Custom built chimneys NC.1.3 Equipment The equipment commonly used for the cleaning of domestic chimneys consists of two basic components, i.e the brush head and the rods There is additional equipment to complete the work in an easier and more effective manner although these components are not essential The brush head is normally available in a range of sizes and designs There are two basic forms of construction for this component which are the spiral wound wire body construction with bass, polypropylene or steel bristles and the wooden boss type utilizing the same range of bristles The former brushes frequently incorporate a free-running wheel or fixed ball on the leading face to guide the head around bends within the chimney The rods used for chimney cleaning are normally manufactured from cane or polypropylene and are available in a range of lengths These components should be strong, yet flexible enough to bend as much as 45° The brushes and rods described above are unsuitable for cleaning flue pipes It is recommended that a spiral wound bristle brush designed for such a purpose be used in this part of the operation Industrial vacuum cleaners have proved to be an extremely useful aid in collecting the soot and dust produced by mechanical sweeping NC.1.3.1 Equipment for metal chimneys Chemical cleaning should not be used on metal chimneys Nylon or bristle brushes should be used NC.1.4 Cleaning operation Factors that affect the method of sweeping are as follows: a) type of fuel being burnt; b) type of appliance fitted; c) construction of chimney system The type of fuel burnt will determine the type of brush head to be used Light deposits of soot can be removed using a brush with soft bristles, while heavy deposits of tar and creosote will require a brush with steel bristles In cases where the deposits of tar are considerable, it may be necessary to use a metal scraper to replace the brush head The type of appliance found on site will influence the method of sweeping The installation of a soot/cleaning door into chimneys not serving an appliance recess enables cleaning to be carried out without the brush head having to pass through the appliance However, it is important in this case to ensure that deposits are removed from the chimney or flue pipe below the level of the soot door Appliances installed either inset or free-standing into a recess give rise to separate problems The open fire provides easy access to the chimney for sweeping Inset or free-standing room heaters with or without a boiler that meet the required standards set by the Heating Equipment Testing and Approvals Scheme (HETAS) can be swept by passing a spiral wound brush from the firebox to the chimney With 119 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) certain open fires or room heaters, a damper plate or throat plate may need to be removed Certain room heaters and stoves not allow the brush head to pass through; it is therefore necessary either to remove the appliance prior to sweeping or to fit a suitable soot door into the chimney Independent boilers and cookers are normally connected to chimneys not serving an appliance recess Access to the chimney via a soot door should therefore be provided Provision should be made to clean the flue pipe The size and type of construction will influence the type of equipment to be used The diameter of the brush head should be compatible with the internal diameter of the chimney flue as sweeping with too small a brush may not be effective and too large may cause damage Masonry chimneys can be cleaned using any of the brush heads given in NC.1.3 Generally a diameter of 50 mm above chimney size is suitable Having selected the correct equipment for any particular installation it is important to ensure that the brush head passes throughout the length of the flue including any terminals After the cleaning operation has been completed, it is essential to ensure that any deposits that may have fallen down the chimney or flue pipe into the appliance below are removed Particular attention should be given to the cleaning of internal flueways within the appliance The use of chemical chimney cleaners cannot be recommended as a substitute for sweeping Mechanical sweeping is recommended because soot, etc is not the only material that may block a chimney Pargeting and portions of brickwork can become dislodged and birds have been known to nest in chimneys Such materials can only be removed by sweeping or in the case of serious blockage by the use of a coring ball (see NA.8.3.2) Unskilled cleaning methods, such as dragging chicken wire balls or dropping heavy weights down the chimney or deliberate chimney firing, should not be used These procedures can cause considerable structural damage and give rise to an unsafe chimney system NC.1.5 Chimney fires If a chimney fire does occur, professional advice should be sought regarding the condition of the chimney If the integrity is in doubt, the manufacturer should be consulted NC.2 Maintenance NC.2.1 Masonry chimneys Masonry structures, if designed in accordance with BS EN 15287-1 and the BS 5628 series, should require little, if any, maintenance other than chimney sweeping The choice of the correct brick type and mortar designation in relation to these constructional details will ensure satisfactory performance, and it is generally only in regard to design and workmanship that failures occur Flue liners provide a barrier to flue gases and condensates attacking brick and mortar internally and thus maintenance, if necessary, is confined generally to the external exposed brick faces, the chimney terminal and the exposed section of the flue liner The junctions of the flue with the chimney and that of the flue with the cavity wall construction require regular inspection to check for possible damage caused by differential settlement Brickwork should be examined after each winter season to check for any frost damage and any rain penetration through failures of damp proof courses and flashings Any defective bricks should be cut out and replaced, after determining the cause of failure Similarly, mortar joints should be checked for 120 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) expansion, cracking, breaking out or disintegration and where such damage has occurred, they should be raked out cleanly and grouted, if necessary, and repointed If failure is extensive, rebuilding with correct units and mortar of the correct designation may be necessary Damp-proof courses and flashings in compatible non-ferrous metal should be checked and replaced, refixed or the joints in adjacent bricks repointed in sulphate-resisting cement where necessary Pointing should be finished flush or weather-struck to ensure maximization of water shedding NC.2.2 Flue block chimneys The chimney arrangement should be inspected at least once a year to see if external claddings, cappings, terminals or any other items need repairing or replacement NC.2.3 connecting flue pipes Flue pipes and flue pipe joints should be inspected at least annually to confirm that the flue pipe is sound and that joints remain secure 121 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) National Annex ND (informative) Designation ND.1 General BS EN 1443 requires flue product manufacturers to provide a designation containing useful information to assist in the design of a flue using their products The designation is set out as a code which relates to the performance characteristics of the product The examples of required characteristics for a chimney burning solid fuel are: Number of corresponding standard e.g BS EN 1457 for clay flue liners Temperature class the normal maximum working temperature Pressure class N1 or N2 for solid fuel natural draught appliances Resistance to condensate the ability to be used in wet flue conditions W for wet flues D for dry flues Corrosion resistance class the ability to withstand corrosion with the correct product designation from BS EN 1443 Soot fire resistance class designated G for soot fire resistant O for not soot fire resistant Use G designation with solid fuel Distance to combustibles the minimum distance to the surface of combustible material from the external surface of a flue block or system chimney Example designation for a concrete flue block: BS EN 1858 T400 N2 D G (50) Number of corresponding standard Temperature class Pressure class Resistance to condensate Corrosion resistance class Soot fire resistance class Distance to combustibles This flue block could also be referred to as a type C2 flue block according to the abbreviated designation contained in BS EN 1857 122 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) Example of a metal chimney designation: BS EN 1856-1 T250 P1 D Vx L40040 O (25) Number of corresponding standard Temperature class Pressure class Resistance to condensate Corrosion resistance class Flue liner material specification Soot fire resistance class Distance to combustibles 123 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) National Annex NE (informative) Chimneys to be used with gas and oil appliances NE.1 General Clauses and require chimneys to be in accordance with national regulations and nationally accepted rules This national annex NE (informative) identifies sources of such regulations and accepted rules that apply in the UK NE.2 National regulations Attention is drawn to the following regulations which contain requirements that impinge on chimney design, installation or commissioning a) The building regulations for the appropriate UK legislative region: — The Building Regulations for England and Wales; — The Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) Statutory Rules; — The Building Standards (Scotland) Regulations; — The Building Regulations (Isle of Man) b) The Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations NE.3 Nationally accepted rules The following list includes documents that complement BS EN 15287-1 in some particular detail and have been accepted by a formal process within industry, a trade body, professional institution or have government department approval and used within the UK and can therefore be used with this standard NE.3.1 Miscellaneous accepted rules GID1 Essential Gas Safety – domestic: CORGI publication TTG1 Terminal and Termination: CORGI publication IGE/UP/7 Gas installations in framed buildings: Institution of Gas Engineers and Managers IGE/UP/8 Gas in caravans, holiday homes and boats: Institution of Gas Engineers and Managers IM/28 Appliances in commercial garages: Institution of Gas Engineers and Managers IM/11 Flues for commercial and industrial sized boilers and air heaters — A guide to the assessment of chimney heights and flue design Institution of Gas Engineers and Managers 124 BS EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 EN 15287-1:2007+A1:2010 (E) NE.3.2 Standards publications NOTE The British Standards marked below with an asterisk (*) will be or have been revised to complement BS EN 15287-1 BS 715, Specification for metal flue boxes for gas-fired appliances not exceeding 20 Kw BS 5410-1, Code of practice for oil firing Installations up to 45 kW output capacity for space heating and hot water supply purposes BS 5440-1, Flueing and ventilation for gas appliances of rated input not exceeding 70kW net (1st, 2nd and 3rd family gases) – Part 1: Specification for installation of gas appliances to chimneys and for maintenance of chimneys BS 5546, Specification for installation and maintenance of gas-fired water-heating appliances of rated input not exceeding 70 kW net BS 5854:1980, Code of practice for flues and flue structures in buildings BS 5871, Code of practice for the installation of gas fires, convectors and fire/back boilers (2nd family gases) BS 6644, Specification for the Installation and maintenance of gas-fired hot water boilers of rated inputs between 70 kW (net) and 1.8 MW (net) (2nd and 3rd family gases) BS 6798, Specification for installation of gas-fired boilers of rated input not exceeding 70 kW net 125 blank blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Revisions We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based solutions Our British Standards and other publications are updated by amendment or revision The knowledge embodied in our standards 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