Bsi bs en 15429 3 2015

BS EN 15429-3:2015 BSI Standards Publication Sweepers Part 3: Efficiency of particulate matter collection — Testing and Evaluation BS EN 15429-3:2015 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15429-3:2015 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant and site safety A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2015 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 580 83323 ICS 43.160 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2015 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM March 2015 ICS 43.160 English Version Sweepers - Part 3: Efficiency of particulate matter collection Testing and Evaluation Balayeuses - Partie 3: Efficacité de la collecte des matières particulaires - Essai et évaluation Kehrmaschinen - Teil 3: Aufnahmefähigkeit von Feinstaub Prüfung und Bewertung This European Standard was approved by CEN on January 2015 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 15429-3:2015 E BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Test method features 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 Technical requirements Test facility .7 Test course .8 Test surface Kerb Test material Test material application .9 Test material application area 10 Test material application density 10 Aerosol dust monitors 10 Test surface cleaning equipment 11 Test sweeper 11 Dust suppression water 11 Test sweeper speed 12 Test sweeper conditioning 12 Test surface and equipment conditioning 12 Ambient weather conditions 13 Reference time 13 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Test method procedures 14 Test preparation procedures 14 Procedures prior to test run 14 Test run procedures 15 Procedures after test run 16 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Test run data analysis and calculations 17 General 17 Removal efficiency 17 PM emission rating 18 Final sweeper test performance results 19 Test result reporting 19 Annex A (normative) Test facility 20 Annex B (normative) Test course layout 21 Annex C (normative) Test material data sheet 22 Annex D (normative) Test run events log sheet 23 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Foreword This document (EN 15429-3:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 337 “Road operation equipment and products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2015 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document (EN 15429-3:2015) is part of a series of documents made up of the following parts: — EN 15429-1, Sweepers — Part 1: Classification and Terminology; — EN 15429-2, Sweepers — Part 2: Performance requirements and test methods; — EN 15429-3, Sweepers — Part 3: Efficiency of particulate matter collection — Testing and Evaluation; — EN 15429-4, Sweepers — Part 4: Symbols for operator controls and other displays According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Introduction Road sweepers are designed to clean transportation surfaces of varying textures These surfaces exist in many forms, including roadways, sidewalks, and parking lots throughout urban and rural areas Different size fractions of debris, dirt, and fine dust that originate from various sources accumulate on these surfaces Fine road dust components, including particulate matter classified as PM10 and PM2,5, are of particular interest due to the respiratory health hazards that have been associated with these fine particulates The European air quality directive requires municipalities throughout Europe to monitor airborne particulate levels, and initiate action plans when prescribed limits are exceeded Since transportation surfaces are significant accumulators of fine particulate, regular sweeping of these surfaces has been identified as a method that can potentially reduce particulate matter pollution Different road sweeper technologies and configurations are available for various sweeping applications However, the ability of the different technologies and configurations to remove and capture particulate matter from the road surface, and minimize the level of airborne particulates resulting from sweeping, has not been thoroughly evaluated for adequate technical information on this issue to be available As a result, municipalities may have difficulty selecting a sweeper best suited to a particular sweeping application when making purchasing decisions The test method for determining PM10 and PM2,5 efficiency of road sweepers has been developed to provide an objective and quantitative procedure for assessing the ability of a road sweeper to remove fine particulate from typical paved asphalt surfaces and to reduce the amount of airborne fine particulate generated as a result of the sweeping process BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Scope This European Standard establishes a method to assess the PM10 and PM2,5 efficiency of road sweepers PM10 and PM2,5 efficiency includes a sweeper’s ability to: — Remove and capture PM10 and PM2,5 particulate matter, and coarse size fractions, from typical urban road surfaces; — Minimize the amount of airborne and entrained PM10 and PM2,5 particulate matter resulting from the sweeping process The sweeper’s ability to remove and capture particulate matter and coarse size fractions is assessed using procedures and equipment to determine the amount of a test material (consisting of particulate matter and coarser size fractions) the sweeper is able to remove from a test surface during a controlled test run This test measurement is used to calculate the removal efficiency for the sweeper The sweeper’s ability to minimize the amount of airborne and entrained particulate matter is also assessed using procedures and equipment to determine the airborne concentrations of PM10 and PM2,5 resulting from the sweeping of a test material (consisting of particulate matter and coarser size fractions) during a controlled test run The test measurements are used to calculate PM10 and PM2,5 emission ratings for the sweeper This test allows the use of dust suppression water Sweepers configured as flushing machines, or equipped with front-mounted spray bars which are not part of a dust suppression water system are not within the scope of this test The road sweeper’s performance results are reported in a quantitative numerical format that will allow comparative assessments of similarly classified sweepers This test does not specify pass/fail criteria for the PM10 and PM2,5 efficiency measurements specified in the test procedure This test is applicable to truck mounted, self-propelled, towed and attached sweeping equipment as defined in EN 15429-1:2007, Clause This test is a model/type test, requiring the sweeper being tested to be representative of all factory production of that particular sweeper model Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 12341, Ambient air ― Standard gravimetric measurement method for the determination of the PM10 or PM2,5 mass concentration of suspended particulate matter EN 15429-1:2007, Sweepers ― Part 1: Classification and Terminology EN 60335-2-69, Household and similar electrical appliances ― Safety ― Part 2-69: Particular requirements for wet and dry vacuums, including power brush, for industrial and commercial use (IEC 60335-2-69) Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15429-1 and the following apply BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) 3.1 PM10 particulate matter which passes through a size-selective inlet as defined in the reference method for the sampling and measurement of PM10, EN 12341, with a 50 % efficiency cut-off at 10 µm aerodynamic diameter 3.2 PM2,5 particulate matter which passes through a size-selective inlet as defined in the reference method for the sampling and measurement of PM2,5, EN 12341 with a 50 % efficiency cut-off at 2,5 µm aerodynamic diameter 3.3 dust suppression water water of high-pressure mist sprayed to knock down the fine airborne dust, as dust gets heavy when in contact with the fine water mist 3.4 dust suppression water system spraying system for dust suppression water consisting e.g in a pump, a spray bar and nozzles 3.5 front-mounted spray bar tube with an arrangement of nozzles, holes or slashes as part of a dust suppression water system or flushing system 3.6 flushing system system for cleaning road surfaces with flushing water Test method features A test facility (see Figure A.1) is utilized for performing the sweeper test to create a controlled test environment that provides some isolation from the variable effects and influences of the ambient environment This controlled test environment results in testing conditions that are consistent and repeatable, which translates into more credible test results The controlled test environment is created within the test facility using two end wall assemblies to enclose a centrally located, 20 m long sweeper test area All measurements used to establish test sweeper performance results are performed within the confines of the sweeper test area The test facility configuration and sweeper test methodology capture and evaluate performance of the test sweeper while it is in a steady-state operating mode under controlled and consistent test conditions As the test sweeper travels through the test facility in full operational mode, a representative sampling of test sweeper performance is taken as it sweeps a test material that simulates road dirt within the controlled conditions of the sweeper test area A known amount of test material is applied to the test surface to determine the removal efficiency of the test sweeper The amount of applied test material, although much greater than typical street loading conditions, promotes confidence and repeatability in the test measurements performed A sweeper test consists of four valid, individual test runs performed over a period of one or more consecutive days If weather conditions disrupt testing on an individual day, or prevent testing over consecutive days, the next test run can be postponed and performed when weather and/or test course conditions permit testing to resume Postponement due to adverse weather conditions will not void the sweeper test BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Of the four individual test runs performed, only the three most consistent test runs yielding the lowest PM emission ratings and highest removal efficiency results will be used to establish the final sweeper test performance results The results from these three test runs will be averaged to determine the final sweeper test performance results for both removal efficiency and PM emission rating A test sweeper can be tested under various operational settings, as it is logical to assume that a change in operational settings will have a positive or negative influence on the test sweeper’s emission rating and/or removal efficiency performance It is also reasonable to assume that a sweeper manufacturer will have identified the operational settings required for optimum sweeper performance in the specified test conditions Once the optimum operational settings are established, the settings shall remain unchanged throughout the series of four individual test runs that comprise a sweeper test If an operational setting change is required to improve sweeper performance, a new series of four test runs shall be performed The operational settings shall be fully documented for each series of test runs Dust suppression water can be used to achieve optimum emission rating and removal efficiency results Since the amount of dust suppression water applied will affect both, emission rating and removal efficiency results, the dust suppression water application rate selected for a series of test runs shall be measured and reported with the results of a sweeper test Vacuuming of the test surface in the sweeper test area is performed to determine the amount of test material not captured by the test sweeper during the test run The use of high efficiency filter and fine dust filter bag equipped vacuums is an effective method for thoroughly capturing the remaining test material, especially the particulate matter component of the test material This allows for an accurate determination of the test sweeper’s removal efficiency Aerosol dust monitors centrally located in the sweeper test area and sampling at a height representative of an average adult’s nose height, record PM10 and PM2,5 concentration levels The concentration levels are recorded prior to the test sweeper entering the sweeper test area, as the test sweeper sweeps through the sweeper test area and after the test sweeper has exited the sweeper test area The concentration data is used to determine the PM10 and PM2,5 emission ratings for the test sweeper The intent of the test procedure is to provide quantitative numerical performance results, and not impose pass/fail criteria for the PM10 and PM2,5 efficiency measurements that the test sweeper shall satisfy The test sweeper’s performance results will be reported in a format that allows comparative assessments of similarly classified sweepers tested under the conditions and procedures specified in this test method 5.1 Technical requirements Test facility The test facility shall be configured to minimize, to the greatest degree possible, any external disturbances resulting from ambient wind and precipitation conditions This is critical for creating and maintaining a controlled and consistent test environment in the test facility The test facility shall either exist, or be assembled, on a surface that meets the requirements of the test surface specified in 5.3 The test facility shall accommodate a test course that has minimum dimensions of 40 m long and 7,5 m wide The test facility shall have an overall cross-sectional area of 300 m2, with an allowable variance of ± 10 % The test facility shall include a sweeper test area that is 20 m in length and centrally located along the overall length of the test facility The sweeper test area should be created with two end walls spaced 20 m apart The end walls shall be configured with door openings and functioning doors The end walls and doors shall be configured to minimize, to the greatest degree possible, air movement and disturbances inside the sweeper test area resulting from ambient wind conditions acting on the exterior envelope of the test facility BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) The door openings in the sweeper test area end walls shall be large enough to allow passage of the largest sweeper that may be tested in a particular test facility The end wall doors shall be overhead, top-down closing or horizontal sliding or folding doors Side-hinge swing-out doors are a not allowed door configuration The doors shall have the necessary stiffness and perimeter sealing to prevent flexing and leakage due to ambient wind acting against the door The operation of these doors is likely to influence the environment within the test facility by creating air disturbances during opening and closing The end wall doors shall be configured with manual or automatic opening/closing mechanisms The mechanisms shall permit the doors to open and close as rapidly as possible to ensure minimal disturbance of sweeper test area environments Rapid opening and closing will ensure the door opened for test sweeper entry into the sweeper test area is completely closed before opening of the opposite door to allow exit of the test sweeper from the sweeper test area The test facility may be permanent or temporary The test facility shall be waterproof and shall have a smooth inner surface/coating to minimize retention of particulate matter A steel framed, tarpaulin covered portable shelter structure would be acceptable for use as a temporary test facility If a portable shelter structure is assembled to serve as a temporary test facility, the structure should be assembled, if the locations allows, such that the length of the structure is perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction of the region This will assist in reducing potential ambient wind disturbances that could affect the test Refer to the schematic drawing in Annex A for an example of a test facility set-up 5.2 Test course Within the dimensions of the test facility, the test course will consist of a 20 m long sweeper test area inside the sweeper test area, and sweep-in/sweep-out areas extending a minimum of 10 m to the outside of each sweeper test area end wall The test course shall have one 10 m long curb located along either side of the sweeper test area The length of the curb shall be centrally located within the length of the sweeper test area It is recommended a test course centerline, a curb line and a test material application area outline be marked on the test surface to serve as guides for test sweeper alignment during the test run and test material application Refer to the schematic drawings in Annex A and Annex B for test course details 5.3 Test surface The test surface shall be a level asphalt surface that is a typical representation of paved urban roads The test surface shall have minimal surface roughness resulting from eroded loss of asphalt cement and/or exposure of coarse aggregates The test surface shall not have depressions, cracks and/or potholes that would prevent the surface applied test material from potentially being swept by the test sweeper 5.4 Kerb A representative kerb structure, measuring 150 mm to 200 mm high, a minimum 50 mm wide, and 10 m long, shall be installed in the sweeper test area The sweeping side of the kerb shall be a vertical surface BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) 5.13 Test sweeper speed The test sweeper shall perform the test run at a constant forward travel speed of km/h ± 0,5 km/h The test sweeper speed shall be determined for the 20 m length of the sweeper test area by measuring the time required for the test sweeper to travel from sweeper test area entry door opening to sweeper test area exit door opening A reference point on the test sweeper shall be used as an indicator for the time start/stop measurement The time reference stopwatch, as described in 5.17, can be used for measuring the time needed to travel the distance described An alternate timing system such as a dual beam infrared timing system can also be used for determining the time required for the test sweeper to pass through the sweeper test area 5.14 Test sweeper conditioning Prior to performing the first test run of any test day, the test sweeper shall be conditioned by sweeping actual on-street conditions for a minimum of 30 The conditioning sweep should take place on a dry, asphalt road surface with dirt/debris loading that is representative of typical working conditions for the test sweeper Test sweeper settings required for acceptable performance on the conditioning sweep should be used and not need to be the same as the settings used for the test run At the conclusion of the conditioning sweep, the test sweeper shall not be cleaned prior to performing the first test run of the day 5.15 Test surface and equipment conditioning Conditioning of the test surface and specific pieces of test equipment, such as the drop spreaders and vacuums, shall be performed as part of the test facility preparation procedures carried out prior to the sweeper test Test surface and equipment conditioning shall be performed when establishing a test facility for the purpose of conducting a sweeper test for the very first time Test surface conditioning may also be required if the test surface experiences significant disturbance after being conditioned, such as being covered with water after a rainfall Conditioning of the test surface is necessary to establish an asphalt condition that remains consistent from test run to test run and from one sweeper test to the next when different sweeper settings, configurations, or models are tested Establishing and maintaining this consistent asphalt condition is important for test run comparison purposes The procedures used for test surface and equipment conditioning shall mirror the actual test run procedures The conditioning procedures can be considered a series of trial test runs This provides an opportunity for: — test personnel to become familiar with all test procedures; — verification of all test equipment configuration, settings and operation, such as test material application with the drop spreader(s) and aerosol monitor data logging and downloading; — experimentation and finalizing test sweeper settings in an effort to achieve optimal PM efficiency performance The test surface and equipment conditioning procedures shall include: 12 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) — thoroughly cleaning the entire test surface area of any debris and contaminants that could potentially interact with the test material; — preparing the test material according to the specifications that will be used for the sweeper test; — uniformly applying the test material with the drop spreader over the identified test material application area; — set-up and operation of the aerosol dust monitors in the sweeper test area; — sweeping the test material with the test sweeper according to the test run procedures specified in 6.3; — cleaning the test surface with the vacuum equipment, so that the internal surfaces of the vacuum equipment become coated with the PM component of the test material; — downloading of the aerosol monitor data to verify procedures and data follows expected trend; — all documentation procedures The test surface and equipment conditioning procedures shall be performed a minimum of four times, which can extend over a period of more than one day It is critical that the test surface reach and maintain a consistent condition in preparation for the test runs 5.16 Ambient weather conditions Ambient air temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, and wind speed at the test facility location shall be recorded with on-site meteorological equipment such as an outdoor-monitoring, data-logging weather station Continuous, real-time monitoring of wind speed and direction shall occur during the entire time period a sweeper test is occurring It is recommended the ambient weather conditions be logged at five minute intervals for recording of weather data reflective of when test runs occur If the required ambient weather data can be obtained from an existing weather station within km of the test facility location, this will be deemed acceptable and on-site meteorological equipment will not be required It is difficult to fully quantify the effect or influence ambient weather conditions will have on the test material, particularly the PM component, and the test procedure measurements However, diligence is required to avoid ambient conditions that may create unacceptable test conditions which in turn affect the credibility of the test results Therefore, the following ambient conditions shall exist before a test run can be performed: — ambient temperature shall be between °C and 35 °C; — relative humidity shall be less than 85 %; — wind speed shall be less than 10 km/h and less than km/h if the wind direction is acting directly on the sweeper test area end wall In addition, no precipitation shall have occurred, or be occurring, that would result in the test sweeper or test surface being wet 5.17 Reference time A reference time device shall be used for setting and synchronizing all time sensitive instruments and equipment and for logging time occurrence of all critical test run events A calibrated stop watch with a time/date/year clock feature is acceptable as a reference time device The reference time device shall be used for: 13 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) — setting and synchronizing the internal date and time of the aerosol dust monitors; — setting and synchronizing the internal date and time of any laptop computer(s) if used for logging critical test run events; — setting and synchronizing the internal date and time of the on-site weather monitoring equipment (if used); — timing the sweeper test run from the sweeper test area entry door opening to the exit door opening Test method procedures 6.1 Test preparation procedures The test facility shall be configured in an acceptable location All necessary steps shall be taken to ensure the test facility is configured to minimize the variable effects and influences of the ambient environment The test surface and equipment conditioning procedure described in 5.15 shall be performed after configuration of the test facility 6.2 6.2.1 Procedures prior to test run General The following procedures shall be performed prior to the start of a sweeper test and prior to performing each consecutive test run All test run activities and supporting information shall be time logged and recorded in the test run events log sheet Refer to Annex D for the test run events log sheet A sweeper test consists of four valid, individual test runs performed over a period of one or more consecutive days If weather conditions disrupt testing on an individual day, or prevent testing over consecutive days, the next test run can be postponed and performed when weather and/or test course conditions permit testing to resume Postponement due to adverse weather conditions will not void the sweeper test 6.2.2 Inspection and cleaning The entire test facility and test course shall be inspected for any defects, damage, debris, and moisture Any required repairs, cleaning, etc shall be performed prior to initiating test run procedures Cleaning methods that not use water (i.e dry vacuums, leaf blowers) can be used No moisture shall be present on the test surface The presence of any moisture will require a drying period to allow the test surface to completely dry 6.2.3 Venting The sweeper test area doors shall remain open to allow venting of the test facility for a period of 15 During the venting period, the aerosol dust monitors can be positioned in the sweeper test area, and the test material mixture/components and spreader(s) staged in preparation for application of the test material 6.2.4 Test material preparation NOTE Test material preparation should occur concurrently with the Inspection and Cleaning and/or the Venting procedures so that the test material is ready for application once the venting period is complete 14 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Weigh out the required fractions of calcium carbonate, sand, and gravel/grit for application in the Sweeper test area and Sweep-in/Sweep-out areas Refer to the test material data sheet in Annex C for detailed information on test material preparation A calibrated scale shall be used for weighing the test material components The scale should have a capacity of 50 kg, with a readability of 0,01 kg or less Three individual sealed containers should be used for the calcium carbonate/sand mixtures: one for the sweeper test area and one each for the two sweep-in/sweep-out areas of the test course One container can be used for the required amount of gravel/grit to be applied over the entire test material application area 6.2.5 Test material application At the conclusion of the 15 venting period, the gravel/grit shall be uniformly applied over the 30 m long test material application area marked out on the test surface Any gravel/grit applied and subsequently bouncing or rolling outside the marked test material application area shall be swept back into the marked area After the gravel/grit has been applied, the sweeper test area doors shall be closed to prevent disturbance and potential PM loss due to wind when applying the calcium carbonate/sand mixture in the sweeper test area The calcium carbonate/sand mixture shall be uniformly applied over the 20 m length of the marked test material application area in the sweeper test area The calcium carbonate/sand mixture shall be applied as close as possible to the sweeper test area doors, and directly against the entire length of the curb At completion of test material application in the sweeper test area, the aerosol dust monitors shall be turned on and their operation verified Test personnel should then exit via the sweeper test area door that is in the downwind location The door shall be closed immediately after personnel have exited the sweeper test area The calcium carbonate/sand mixture prepared for the sweep-in/sweep-out areas shall be uniformly applied over the m long test material application areas marked out in both Sweep-in/Sweep-out areas 6.2.6 Settling period After test material application has been completed, a 30 minute settling period shall occur to allow the ambient air/PM conditions to stabilize in the sweeper test area 6.2.7 Test sweeper conditioning sweep During settling period, the test sweeper can perform the conditioning sweep, as outlined in 5.14, in preparation for the test run 6.3 6.3.1 Test run procedures Test run The test sweeper shall be positioned just outside the open end of the test facility on the downwind end of the test course The test sweeper configuration and operational settings selected for the test shall be set and functioning The test sweeper shall activate all sweeper settings and proceed forward into the Sweep-in area 15 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) As the test sweeper begins sweeping the test material and approaching the entry door to the sweeper test area, the door shall be opened to allow the sweeper to enter the sweeper test area The entry door shall be closed as soon as the rear of the test sweeper clears the door opening The test run time starts when the reference point on the sweeper crosses the plane of the entry door opening The test sweeper shall maintain the required travel speed and continue sweeping the test material in the sweeper test area, with both end doors closed As the test sweeper approaches the sweeper test area exit door, the door shall be opened to allow the sweeper to exit the sweeper test area The exit door shall be closed as soon as the rear of the test sweeper clears the door opening in order to minimize disturbance of the air in the sweeper test area The test run time stops when the reference point on the sweeper crosses the plane of the exit door opening The test sweeper shall continue sweeping through the length of the sweep-out area Once beyond the end of the test facility, the test sweeper can come to a stop and all sweeping systems can be shut down 6.3.2 Settling period After completion of the test run, the sweeper test area doors shall remain closed for a minimum of h During this period, the aerosol dust monitors will log the airborne PM10 and PM2,5 concentrations For both test quality control and personal safety reasons, no personnel shall enter the sweeper test area until the settling period has concluded 6.4 Procedures after test run 6.4.1 Venting At the conclusion of Settling Period, and if ambient wind speed does not exceed the limits specified in 5.16, the sweeper test area end doors shall be opened to: — vent the sweeper test area of residual airborne PM; — promote drying of the damp test surface resulting from the use of dust suppression water during the test run; — allow personnel to enter the sweeper test area to perform required post-test run activities Personnel can enter the sweeper test area after it has been vented for a minimum of 6.4.2 Aerosol dust monitor download The aerosol dust monitors can be removed from the sweeper test area and the PM data, and temperature and relative humidity data (if available), downloaded for analysis After successful download of the data, the aerosol dust monitors shall be cleaned and configured according to manufacturer instructions in preparation for the next test run 6.4.3 Test surface cleaning Cleaning of the test surface in the sweeper test area shall commence only when moisture/dampness resulting from the application of dust suppression water is no longer visible In addition to visual assessment of the test surface, any remaining test material can be hand sampled to verify it is not paste-like or sticky The conditioned vacuum cleaning equipment described in 5.10 shall be used for cleaning the test surface 16 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Before starting the test surface cleaning procedure, all vacuum equipment shall be weighed to determine the start/tare weight of the equipment The entire vacuum unit (canister, suction hose, suction pipe, and suction nozzle) shall be weighed as one complete unit and the value documented in the test material data sheet A calibrated scale shall be used for weighing the vacuum equipment The scale shall have a capacity that will not be exceeded by the weight of the vacuum equipment, with a readability of 0,01 kg or less The test surface in the 20 m length of the sweeper test area shall be vacuumed as one separate area, as the amount of test material recovered over the length of the sweeper test area will be used to determine the sweeping efficiency for that test run The test material application area shall be thoroughly vacuumed using a light scrubbing action of the suction nozzle to remove all residual test material and return the test surface to its steady state condition prior to the test run Two vacuum passes over the test material application area, with the second pass perpendicular to the first, are required An area that is a minimum of m on both sides of the test material application area shall also be vacuumed to recover any test material that was displaced and not captured by the sweeper during the test run This area may need to be expanded accordingly if the test sweeper throws test material more than m outside the test material application area After vacuuming of the sweeper test area is complete, the vacuum(s) shall be weighed as one complete unit and the value documented in the test material data sheet The sweep-in and sweep-out areas shall also be vacuumed using the same procedure, but it is not necessary to measure the amount of test material recovered in these areas 6.4.4 Test sweeper and test facility clean up If the test run performed is the final test run of the sweeper test, or the test day, the test sweeper can be thoroughly cleaned and all equipment removed from the test facility The disposal of test material from the test sweeper hopper and the vacuums used for test surface cleaning shall meet all local regulations The sweeper test area doors can be closed to prevent any debris or other contaminants entering the sweeper test area 7.1 Test run data analysis and calculations General The following data analysis and calculations shall be performed for each of the four test runs comprising a sweeper test Of the four individual test runs performed, only the three test runs yielding the consistent and most acceptable PM emission ratings and removal efficiency results will be used to determine the final sweeper test performance results The results from the three test runs will be averaged to determine the final sweeper test performance results 7.2 Removal efficiency Removal efficiency is defined as the amount of test material removed from the test surface in the 20 m length of the sweeper test area, as a percentage of the total amount of the test material applied in the 20 m length of the sweeper test area Removal efficiency for each test run shall be calculated using the following formula: RE = TM STA − TM VAC TM STA ⋅ 100 (1) 17 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) where: RE = test sweeper removal efficiency of test material removal from test surface in the sweeper test area (%) TMSTA = weight of test material applied on the test surface in the sweeper test area (kg) TMVAC = weight of residual test material vacuumed from test surface in the sweeper test area (kg) 7.3 PM emission rating 7.3.1 Data analysis Once downloaded from all aerosol dust monitors used, the data should be compiled in a spread sheet application for analysis purposes PM10 and PM2,5 concentration readings from all monitors shall be listed according to common sampling time intervals It is recommended that a graphical representation of PM concentration versus time be performed to verify trends and occurrences, such as low ambient concentration readings prior to the start of the test run, peak concentration readings occurring as or shortly after the test sweeper moves past the monitors, and steady decrease in concentration readings for an extended time period after the test run has been completed The following data analysis procedures shall be performed: — identify the peak concentration reading and time of occurrence for the PM10 and PM2,5 data recorded by monitor and monitor 2; — calculate the average PM concentration value of all readings starting at the identified peak value sampling time and ending at 15 after the peak value sampling time; — using these average PM values from both monitors, calculate the average PM10 and PM2,5 concentrations for the test run, PM10-ave and PM2,5-ave These average PM concentration values will be used for calculating the emission rating for the test sweeper 7.3.2 Monitor PM10-ave1 = mg/m3 PM2,5-ave1 = _ mg/m3 Monitor PM10-ave2 = mg/m3 PM2,5-ave2 = _ mg/m3 Average PM10-ave = mg/m3 PM2,5-ave = _ mg/m3 Emission rating calculation An emission rating will be calculated based on the average PM10 and PM2,5 concentrations and other test run data The PM10 and PM2,5 emission ratings for each test run shall be calculated using the following formula: EPM = PMAVE (TMSTA ) (RE) where: EPM = PM emission rating [(mg/m3)/kg] PMAVE = PM average concentration in the sweeper test area [mg/m 3] TMSTA = weight of test material applied on the test surface in the sweeper test area (kg) 18 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) RE = Test sweeper removal efficiency 7.4 Final sweeper test performance results After the removal efficiency and PM emission ratings are calculated for each of the four test runs, these values shall be averaged for overall removal efficiency, PM10 emission rating and PM2,5 emission rating average values for the sweeper test The three test runs with PM10 emission rating and PM2,5 emission rating values deviating the least from the calculated sweeper test overall averages shall then be selected, and average values for removal efficiency, PM10 emission rating and PM2,5 emission rating calculated using the values from these three test runs The calculated averages for removal efficiency, PM10 emission rating and PM2,5 emission rating from the three test runs will be reported as the final sweeper test performance results Test result reporting The following information shall be included in a summary test report prepared by the test sweeper manufacturer, or other organization, that has conducted the sweeper test: — test sweeper manufacturer, classification, make, model and serial number; — test sweeper configuration information, including: — sweeping gear description and specifications (broom configurations, broom sizes, broom materials, sweeping width, etc.); — dust suppression water system description and specifications (water circuit configurations, spray nozzle numbers and types, etc.); — dirt pickup system description and specifications (vacuum blower specifications, pickup head configuration, conveyor system configuration, etc.); — water recirculation system specifications (filtering system configuration, capacity, etc.) — all test run information, including: — test sweeper settings; — test material Data sheet; — test Run Event Log sheet; — aerosol dust monitor data; — ambient weather data — removal efficiency and PM10/PM2,5 emission rating calculations; — general comments and information on testing conditions and test procedure events; — photo summary of the sweeper test, including but not limited to, test facility, test sweeper and test run photos 19 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Annex A (normative) Test facility Dimensions in metres Key sweeper test area – end wall and door test material aerosol dust monitors sweeper test area – end wall and door NOTE The test facility structure omitted for clarity purposes Test facility cover shown transparent for clarity purposes a sweep-in/sweep-out area b sweeper test area Figure A.1 — Test facility 20 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Annex B (normative) Test course layout Dimensions in metres Key curb line test material strip Aerosol dust monitors (ADM and ADM 2) NOTE The sweepers direction of travel is aligned with test course centreline The ADM´s are capable of measuring both PM10 and PM2,5 a sweep-in/sweep-out area b sweeper test area c curb d 60 % of defined sweeping width e instrument inlet 1,5 m above test surface Figure B.1 — Test course layout 21 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Annex C (normative) Test material data sheet Sweeper make and model: Serial: Sweeping width, SW (m) = (as defined in EN 15429-1:2007, 4.7) Test material application requirements Test material composition: 20 % PM material (Calcium carbonate) 65 % Washed sand 15 % Gravel/Grit Test material application density, TMDENSITY = 0,7 kg/m2 Test material application width, TMW = 0,60 x SW = m Test material requirements by test course area sweep-in area sweeper test area sweep-out area Length (m) 20 Test material application area, TMAREA (m2) (=TMW x L) Test material mass required, TMMASS (kg) (=TMDENSITY x TMAREA) Mass of individual test Material components (kg) MPM = 0,2 (TMMASS) MSAND = 0,65 (TMMASS) MGRIT = 0,15 (TMMASS) Note: MPM and MSAND are combined in one container for mixing Test surface Cleaning – Sweeper test area Test run Date Vac Vacuum start/tare Weight (kg) Vacuum end weight (kg) Δ Vacuum weight (kg) Total test material Vacuumed, TMVAC (kg) 22 Vac Vac Vac Vac Vac Vac Vac BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Annex D (normative) Test run events log sheet Sweeper make and model: Test date: Serial: Test run: Event Time Comments Test facility inspection and cleaning Start End Test facility venting (15 min) Both doors open Both doors closed Test material preparation Start End Test material application Start End Settling period (30 min) Start (begins at end of test material application) End Test sweeper conditioning sweep (15 min) (performed during settling period 1) Start End Test run (test sweeper location) Sweeping systems engaged Start of test material – sweep-In area Entry door opens to sweeper test area Sweeper enters sweeper test area Entry door to sweeper test area closes Sweeper crosses sweeper test area centre line Sweeper test area exit door opens Sweeper exits sweeper test area Sweeper test area exit door closes End of test material – Sweep-out area 23 BS EN 15429-3:2015 EN 15429-3:2015 (E) Sweeping systems disengaged Settling period (60 min) Start End Test facility venting post-test run (5 min) Both doors open Test surface vacuuming Start End Aerosol dust monitor data downloaded Start End End of test run 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