BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 BS EN 13823:2010 BSI Standards Publication Reaction to fire tests for building products — Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 It supersedes BS EN 13823:2010 which is withdrawn The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee FSH/21, Reaction to fire tests, to Subcommittee FSH/21/-/7, Reaction to fire tests - Large and intermediate scale tests A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2014 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 580 85651 ICS 13.220.50; 91.060.01; 91.100.01 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2010 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected 30 November 2014 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2014 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13823:2010+A1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM November 2014 ICS 91.060.01; 13.220.50; 91.100.01 Supersedes EN 13823:2010 English Version Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction Produits de construction l'exclusion des revêtements de sol exposés une sollicitation thermique provoquée par un objet isolé en feu Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten Thermische Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit Ausnahme von Bodenbelägen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 June 2010 and includes Amendment approved by CEN on September 2014 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 E BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Terms and definitions 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Test facility General Test room Materials 10 Test apparatus 10 Smoke exhaust system 12 General measurement section equipment 12 Other general equipment 13 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.3 5.4 Test specimen 14 Dimensions of specimen 14 Mounting of specimen 14 Mounting as in end use application 14 Standard mounting 15 Installation of the specimen wings in the trolley 17 Number of specimens 17 Conditioning 17 Principle 18 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.4 8.3.5 8.3.6 8.4 8.5 Test procedure 18 General 18 Testing operations 18 Visual observation and manual recording of data 19 General 19 Pre-test conditions 19 Lateral flame spread on the long wing 19 Flaming particles or droplets 20 End of test conditions 21 Recorded events 21 Automated recording of data 22 Early termination of test 22 Expression of results 23 10 Test report 23 Annex A (normative) Calculation procedures 25 A.1 General 25 A.1.1 General remarks 25 A.1.2 Calculations to be performed on the test data 26 A.1.3 Calculations to be performed on calibration data 26 A.1.4 Standard data set 26 A.2 Synchronization of data 26 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) A.3 A.3.1 A.3.2 A.3.3 A.4 A.5 A.5.1 A.5.2 A.5.3 A.6 A.6.1 A.6.2 A.6.3 A.7 Checking equipment response 28 Temperature readings 28 Drift in gas concentration measurement 28 Drift in light attenuation measurement 28 Exposure period 29 Heat output 29 Calculation of heat release rate (HRR) 29 Calculation of THR(t) and THR600s 32 Calculation of FIGRA0,2MJ and FIGRA0,4MJ (fire growth rate indices) 32 Smoke production 33 Calculation of smoke production rate (SPR) 33 Calculation of TSP(t) and TSP600s 36 Calculation of SMOGRA (smoke growth rate index) 37 Calculations for calibrations – Propane heat release 37 Annex B (informative) Precision of test method 39 B.1 General remarks and results 39 B.2 Calculation of test results 40 B.3 Statistical analysis 41 B.4 Statistical results 41 Annex C (normative) Calibration procedures 45 C.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment 45 C.1.1 General 45 C.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment 45 C.1.3 Oxygen analyser output noise and drift 45 C.1.4 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment 46 C.1.5 Check of propane mass flow controller 46 C.1.6 Light system calibration 46 C.2 System response calibrations 47 C.2.1 Burner switch response time 47 C.2.2 Burner heat output step calibration 49 C.2.3 Heptane calibration 52 C.2.4 Velocity profile factor kt,v 54 C.2.5 Flow factor kt 56 Annex D (informative) Calibration procedures 57 D.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment 57 D.1.1 General 57 D.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment 57 D.1.3 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment 57 D.1.4 Check of propane mass flow controller 57 D.1.5 Optical filter check 58 D.2 Check of the thermal attack on the specimens 59 D.2.1 General 59 D.2.2 Procedure 59 Annex E (normative) Design drawings 60 Annex F (informative) Data file format 95 Annex G (informative) Record sheet 98 Bibliography 99 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Foreword This document (EN 13823:2010+A1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2016 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document includes Amendment approved by CEN on September 2014 This document supersedes !EN 13823:2010" The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !" This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s) According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Introduction The classification of the reaction to fire performance of construction products established by EC Decision 2000/147/EC (OJEU L50 of 23.2.2000) defines in Table the reaction to fire classes for building products excluding floorings The relevant test methods for determining the reaction to fire are being prepared by CEN/TC 127 Safety warning The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out the tests described in this standard is drawn to the fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases can be produced during the test An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions should be identified and provided Smoke and gases should be removed from the workplace Written safety instructions should be issued Appropriate training should be given to relevant personnel Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times Special precautions are required for the propane gas supply system — The equipment, for example tubes, couplings, flow meters, should be approved for propane — The burner should be equipped with a remote-controlled ignition device, for example a pilot flame or a glow wire There should be a warning system for leaking gas and a valve for immediate and automatic cut-off of the gas supply in case of extinction of the ignition flame The pilot flames can be ignited directly by an operator in the test room, however, no one should be present in the test room during ignition of a burner — It should be possible to operate the switch between auxiliary and main (primary) burner and the preceding main valve (to open or stop the propane supply) from outside the test room Special precautions are required for the extinction of burning specimens When the extinction is carried out because of intensive combustion of the specimens, it is recommended that a second operator is ready to intervene Means for extinguishing should be available (e.g since the heat output during intensive combustion can damage the apparatus) BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies a method of test for determining the reaction to fire performance of construction products excluding floorings, and excluding products which are indicated in Table of EC Decision 2000/147/EC, when exposed to thermal attack by a single burning item (SBI) The calculation procedures are given in Annex A Information on the precision of the test method is given in Annex B The calibration procedures are given in Annexes C and D, of which C is a normative annex NOTE This European Standard has been developed to determine the reaction to fire performance of essentially flat products The treatment of some families of products, e.g linear products (pipes, ducts, cables etc.), can need special rules Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 13238, Reaction to fire tests for building products ― Conditioning procedures and general rules for selection of substrates EN 13501-1:2007+A1:2009, Fire classification of construction products and building elements ― Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests EN 60584-1:1995, Thermocouples ― Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1:1995) EN ISO 13943:2000, Fire safety ― Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2000) Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943:2000 and EN 13501-1:2007+A1:2009 and the following apply 3.1 backing board calcium silicate panel used to back the specimen that can be placed directly against a free-standing test specimen or at a distance from it 3.2 specimen piece of a product, which is to be tested NOTE This can include the mounting technique used in its end-use application This also can include an air gap and/or a substrate where appropriate 3.3 substrate product which is used immediately beneath the product about which information is required 3.4 THR600s total heat release from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary) burner flames BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) 3.5 LFS lateral flame spread on the long specimen wing NOTE The LFS is defined in more detail in 8.3.3 3.6 TSP600s total smoke production from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary) burner flames 3.7 FIGRA0,2 MJ maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence using a THR-threshold of 0,2 MJ NOTE The FIGRA0,2 MJ is described in more detail in A.5.3 3.8 FIGRA0,4 MJ maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence using a THR threshold of 0,4 MJ NOTE The FIGRA0,4 MJ is described in more detail in A.5.3 3.9 SMOGRA smoke growth rate maximum of the quotient of smoke production rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence NOTE The SMOGRA is described in more detail in A.6.3 3.10 sustained flaming persistence of flame on or over a surface for a minimum period of time [EN ISO 13943:2000] Test facility 4.1 General The SBI test facility shall consist of a test room, the test apparatus (trolley, frame, burners, hood, collector and ducting), the smoke exhaust system and general measuring equipment These components are specified in 4.2 to 4.7 Design drawings are given in Annex E Dimensions given in the drawings are nominal unless tolerances are given in the text NOTE 4.2 The air supply to the test room entering below the trolley should be fresh, uncontaminated air Test room 4.2.1 The test room shall have an inner height of (2,4 ± 0,05) m and an inner floor area of (3,0 ± 0,05) m in both directions The walls shall be made of stone type building blocks (e.g cellular concrete), gypsum boards, calcium silicate boards or other boards classified as class A1 or A2 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) 4.2.2 One wall of the test room shall have an opening to insert the trolley from the surrounding laboratory into the test room The opening shall be at least 470 mm wide and 450 mm high (dimensions of the frame) Windows shall be placed in the two walls facing the front side of the two perpendicular specimen planes To be able to handle the SBI apparatus and the specimen when the trolley is in place, an additional door is needed 4.2.3 With the trolley in place in the test room, the distance between the long wing specimen surface touching the U-profile and the wall of the test room shall be (2,1 ± 0,05) m This distance shall be measured perpendicularly to the wall facing the long wing The areas of the openings in the test room, excluding the air inlet at the bottom of the trolley and the smoke exhaust opening in the hood, shall not exceed a total of 0,05 m 4.2.4 Both left-orientated arrangements, as shown in Figure 1, and right-orientated arrangements (the trolley shown in Figure mirrored around a vertical line) are allowed NOTE To be able to remove side plates of the hood without removing the collector, attention should be paid to the connection between the frame of the SBI apparatus and the ceiling of the room It should be possible to move the side plate outwards at the bottom NOTE The relative position of the frame in the test room depends on the details of the connection between room and frame BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key Ref Description Number Bi-directional probe Figure E.29 — Measuring tube – Bi-directional probe (a) 88 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key Ref Description Number Stainless steel tube / ø 16 mm / L = 32 mm / t = 0,91 mm Stainless steel tube / ø 4,70 mm Welding Figure E.30 — Measuring tube – Bi-directional probe (b) 89 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key Ref Description Open end Closed end Gas sampling probe / ø 10/8 mm / L = 500 mm Number Figure E.31 — Measuring tube – Gas sampling probe and thermocouples 90 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key Ref Description Number Accordeon (non-transparent) Figure E.32 — Measuring tube – Smoke measuring system holder 91 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key Ref Description Number Steel band / ø 404 / t = 1,5 mm / b = 100 mm Stainless steel bolt and nut / M10 / L = 40 mm Stainless steel tube / ø 48,3/46,3 / L = 117 Welding Figure E.33 — Measuring tube – Part SMS 92 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key Ref Description Number O-ring on both sides of the glass Air Coated glass + (optional) filter * * If filter is used, it shall always be protected from eventual combustion gases by the coated glass (away from the exhaust duct) Figure E.34 — Measuring tube – SMS holder 93 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key Ref Description Coated glass (Optional) filter Rubber O-ring Number Figure E.35 — Measuring tube – SMS holder 94 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Annex F (informative) Data file format For easy exchange of test results, test data should be stored in a standard format The principal objective is that the file should contain all the required information including both visually observed/recorded and automatically recorded data It should be possible to perform all requested calculations and (combined with other test results) the assessment of classification The data of a test should be stored in an ASCII-file with twelve tab-separated columns of data More columns (with non-compulsory data) are allowed when they are placed after the compulsory columns, not in between The file should contain a two-line header and additional lines with general information and automatically recorded (raw) data per time step The first header line contains the column header texts: a) general information; b) [empty]; c) time (s); d) mgas (mg/s); e) Δp (Pa); f) light signal (%); g) mole percentage of oxygen (%); h) mole percentage of CO2 (%); i) T0 (K); j) T1 (K); k) T2 (K); l) T3 (K) The second line is not specified (empty by default) Subsequent lines contain general information in the first two columns and automatically recorded (raw) data in the next ten columns Only the first 62 lines in columns one and two are used In columns to 12 this is at least 520 lines (1 560 s time interval with a s step) The general information (regarding the test, product, laboratory, apparatus, pre-test and end of test conditions, and visual observations) is given in column two, with a description of what is presented in column one The row order of the different items is given in the example below 95 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) The ten columns with automatically recorded data are in accordance with, and in the same order as in 8.4 Column Row General Information Test Standard used EN 13823:2010 Date of test 09 June 2011 Full test duration/performed {Y/N} Yes Product Product identification Polypanel U40 10 Sample number 11 Substrate None 12 Mounting option in EN qqqq 13 Joints standard vertical 14 15 Conditioning 16 {Constant mass / fixed period} constant mass 17 Time interval 42 h 18 Mass (g) 264 19 Mass (g) 261 20 21 Laboratory 22 Laboratory identification NMP 23 Operator BS 24 Filename PU40Ar.csv 25 Report identification NMP-99-01234 26 27 Specifications: apparatus 28 Flow profile kt (-) 0,86 29 Probe constant kρ (-) 1,08 30 Duct diameter (m) 0,315 31 O2 calibration delay time (s) 18 32 CO2 calibration delay time (s) 15 33 96 34 Pre-test conditions 35 Barometric pressure (Pa) 101 300 36 Relative humidity (%) 50 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Column 37 Ambient temperature (°C) 24,7 38 Visual observations 39 LFS till edge {Y/N} No 40 Flaming droplets/particles ≤ 10 s {Y/N} No 41 Flaming droplets/particles > 10 s {Y/N} No 42 43 End of test conditions 44 Light transmission (%) 99,8 45 Mole percentage of oxygen (%) 20,95 46 Mole percentage of CO2 (%) 0,039 47 48 Recorded events 49 Surface flash {Y/N} No 50 Falling of specimen parts Y/N} No 51 Smoke not entering hood Y/N} No 52 Mutual fixing of backing board fails Y/N} No 53 Conditions justify early stop of test {Y/N} No 54 Distortion/collapse {Y/N} No 55 Any other additional event None 56 57 Early termination of test 58 Time of gas supply termination (s) 563 59 Excessive HRR {Y/N} No 60 Excessive temperature {Y/N} No 61 Burner substantially disturbed/choked {Y/N} No 62 Failure of apparatus {Y/N} No The data file format presented here only concerns the raw data (before performing the calculations) No file format is given for processed data files However, it is advisable to build the processed data file from the raw data file by adding columns and rows at the ends (and not in between) In this way a processed data file can easily be used as a raw data input file 97 BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Annex G (informative) Record sheet SBI Test − Record sheet General information Operator: Date of test: Product: Data filename: Pre-test conditions Conditioning of specimens: Ambient conditions: Start date: End date: mass1 (g): mass2 (g): Ambient pressure (Pa): Ambient humidity (%H2O): Visual observations General observations and checks: Lateral flame spread Observation time (s) Observation Start time data recording =0 Till end of specimen Y/N Main (primary) burner ignites Flaming drops or particles Observation Y/N fallen drop/particle burning ≤ 10 s fallen drop/particle burning > 10 s End of test conditions Light trans.(mV): O2 conc (%): Remarks Figure G.1 ― SBI Test – Record sheet 98 CO2 conc (%): BS EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 EN 13823:2010+A1:2014 (E) Bibliography [1] ISO 5725-1, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 1: General principles and definitions [2] ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method [3] ISO 3966:2008, Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits — Velocity area method using Pitot static tubes 99 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Revisions We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based solutions Our British Standards and other publications are updated by amendment or revision The knowledge embodied in our standards has been carefully assembled in a dependable format and 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