Bsi bs en 14081 4 2005 (2007)

Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14081-4:2005 Incorporating amendment no Timber structures — Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section — Part 4: Machine grading — Grading machine settings for machine controlled systems The European Standard EN 14081-4:2005, incorporating amendment A1:2007, has the status of a British Standard ICS 79.040; 79.120.10 Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 14081-4:2005 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14081-4:2005, incorporating amendment A1:2007 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/518, Structural timber A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 13 February 2006 Amendments issued since publication Amd No Date Comments 17255 31 August 2007 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2007 © BSI 2007 ISBN 978 580 59613 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 14081-4:2005+A1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2007 ICS 91.080.20 Supersedes EN 14081-4:2005 English Version Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section - Part 4: Machine grading - Grading machine settings for machine controlled systems Structures en bois - Bois de structure de section rectangulaire clasé selon la résistance - Partie 4: Classement par machine - Réglages pour les systèmes de contrôle par machine Holzbauwerke - Nach Festigkeit sortiertes Bauholz für tragende Zwecke mit rechteckigem Querschnitt - Teil 4: Maschinelle Sortierung - Einstellungen von Sortiermaschinen für maschinenkontrollierte Systeme This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 August 2005 and includes Amendment approved by CEN on 28 December 2006 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 © 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members B-1050 Brussels Ref No EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007: E Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Contents Page Foreword Scope Normative references Terms and definitions 4 Symbols Settings for timber strength grading machines ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Foreword This European Standard (EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 124 “Timber structures”, the secretariat of which is held by SFS This document shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2007 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2007 This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2006-12-28 This document supersedes EN 14081-4:2005 The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! " Other parts of this European Standard are EN 14081-1, Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section Part 1: General requirements EN 14081-2, Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section Part 2: Machine Grading - Additional requirements for initial type testing ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ EN 14081-3, Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section Part 3: Machine Grading - Additional requirements for factory production control According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Scope This European Standard gives settings, derived according to the requirements given in EN 14081-2, for various combinations of strength classes or grades, grading machines and species from particular sources of growth These settings are only applicable to timber from the sources indicated in the tables Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 336, Structural timber – Sizes, permitted deviations EN 14081-1:2005, Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section Part 1: General requirements EN 14081-2:2005, Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section Part 2: Machine Grading - Additional requirements for initial type testing Terms and definitions For the purpose of this European Standard the terms and definitions in EN 14081-1:2005 and EN 14081-2:2005 and the following apply ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 3.1 Speed range maximum and minimum throughput speeds appropriate to the critical speed for the derived settings (see 6.2.2 of EN 14081-2:2005) Symbols a deflection (in mm) b width of timber cross section (in mm) F force (units as stated) I indicating property (units as stated) P pressure (units as stated) t thickness of timber cross section (in mm) Et,mean characteristic mean tensile modulus of elasticity parallel to grain (in N/mm ) ft,k characteristic tensile strength (in N/mm ) ρk characteristic value of density (in kg/m ) 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) subscripts n for setting being calculated a actual size measured as the average dimension of a batch Settings for timber strength grading machines Tables to give settings for certain grades, timber species and types of grading machine Settings for other grades, species or grading machines shall be added when the relevant information is sent to, and assessed by, CEN/TC 124 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Spruce Picea abies Picea sitchensis Pine Pinus nigra Pinus sylvestris Radiata pine Pinus radiata Species 44 ≤ tn ≤ 50 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 35 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 35 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 Permitted timber b) sizes (mm) 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 b) See 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 c) Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 a) CL GB IE UK Ireland Chile Source a) mark Source country or countries C27 C16 C24 C16 C24 C16 C16 C24 C16 C16 Gradec) or grade Combination Model value F = 2,48 F = 1,64 F = 2,35 F = 1,92 F = 2,79 F = 1,90 F = 1,34 F = 2,68 F = 2,27 F = 1,24 150 max 150 max 150 max 150 max 150 max 150 max Feed speed Range (m/min) 0,61 Fn = Fbn t 1.701 n (kN) (413,9t n + 572 73) Pn = 4,412 Fn / tn an = 830,7 tn-1,299 Minimum temperature of timber at time of grading shall be –10 oC The following equations shall be used to calculate settings for the target size bn x tn (Note For timber with a thickness to tolerance class 1, i.e sawn, tn in the following equations is the target tn + mm) Comments and additional requirements Table — Settings for Cook Bolinder (Tecmach) machine types SG-AR, SG-AF and SG-TF EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 Permitted timber b) sizes (mm) 30 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 d) Settings apply only to timber grown west of the Ural mountain range in Russia c) Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 See 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 Spruce Picea abies Pine Pinus Sylvestris EE FI LV NO RU SE !PL" b) Species Source a) mark a) Source country or countries Estonia Finland Latvia Norway Russiad) Sweden !Poland! Grade c) or grade Combination C18 C24 C27 C30 C24 C35 C18 C30 C40 fmod= 20,8 fmod= 20,8 fmod= 21,8 fmod= 28,5 fmod= 20,0 fmod= 46,5 fmod= 23,8 fmod= 30,6 fmod= 54,5 Model value Feed speed Range (m/min) 150 max In =   422  0.79 f 0, 22 , 24  mod  t n bn  an = 830,7 tn -1,299 Fn = (5,5I n аn bntn )10-9 (N) Air temperature to be +10 C o +35 C max Minimum timber temperature to be –10 oC Maximum relative humidity to be 85 % Timber mean moisture content to be > 10 % The following equations shall be used to calculate settings for the target size bn x tn (Note For timber with a thickness to tolerance class 1, i.e sawn, tn in the following equations is the target tn + mm) o Comments and additional requirements Table — Settings for Cook Bolinder (Tecmach) machine types SG-AR, SG-AF and SG-TF (continued) EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 b) Corsican pine Pinus nigra Scots pine Pinus Sylvestris Species 40 ≤ tn ≤ 70 100≤bn ≤ 200 35 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 Permitted timber b) sizes (mm) c) Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 See 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 a) ES ES Spain Spain Source marka) Source country or countries Model value C18 Not relevant as all settings shall be calculated using equations in comments column F = 1,71 C16 C30 F = 2,84 C27 Gradec) or grade combination 100 max 100 max Feed speed Range (m/min) Fbn t 1.701 n (413,9t n + 572 73) (kN) FnC18 = (54,4979 – 0,489321tn)anbntn (1,3189433.10 ) / FnC30 = (96,2979 – 0,489321tn)anbntn3 / (1,3189433.109 ) Pn = 4,412 Fn / tn 0,61 Minimum temperature of timber at time of grading shall be o -10 C The following equations shall be used to calculate settings for the target size bn x tn (Note For timber with a thickness to tolerance class 1, i.e sawn, tn in the following equations is the target tn + mm) -1,299 an = 830,7 tn Fn = Minimum temperature of timber at time of grading shall be -10 oC The following equations shall be used to calculate settings for the target size bn x tn (Note For timber with a thickness to tolerance class 1, i.e sawn, tn in the following equations is the target tn + mm) an = 830,7 tn-1,299 0,61 Pn = 4,412 Fn / tn Comments and additional requirements Table — Settings for Cook Bolinder (Tecmach) machine types SG-AR, SG-AF and SG-TF (continued) EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Spruce, Picea Abies Pine Pinus Sylvestris Finland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia Latvia d) Russia !Poland " 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 b) 30 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 Settings apply only to timber grown west of the Ural mountain range in Russia 10 d) C35 C27 C16 C30 C18 C30 C24 C18 C35 C24 C18 C40 C27 C30 C27 C24 5,85 8,92 4,75 9,82 4,46 5,49 8,92 3,40 5,49 8,92 2,85 5,85 3,40 4,75 9,82 6,21 105 max (2) 10 °C – 50 °C < 85 % > -10 °C > 10 % −0, 0901 50a  t n  0,186  bn  0,19  50   150  tn     (1) Requirements for grading: − Air temperature − Relative humidity in the air − Timber temperature − Timber mean moisture content an = Fn = 0,010 1bn t n2 To convert from stress to force Fn use equation (1) Refer to calibration tables for machine to convert Fn to pressure setting t  shall be increased by  a  t   n Equation (2) shall be used to calculate settings for the target size tn x bn where tn and bn are target dimensions Actual deflection settings an shall be rounded to the nearest whole number If the actual thickness ta exceeds the target thickness tn more than mm then the pressure Table — Settings for Computermatic and Micromatic machines (continued) c Permitted Comments and additional requirements Feed speed Grade ) or Model value timber range grade Deflection b) Sizes (m/min) combination a (mm) (mm) c) Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 See clause 7.3 of EN14081-1:2005 a) FI NO SE ES LV RU !PL" Species Source Source country or mark a) countries EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ " d b a FI NO SE ES LV RU PL Spruce Picea Abies Pine Pinus Sylvestris Species Permitted Grade or Feed Model value timber grade speed b Sizes (mm) combination range Deflection (m/min) a (mm) 6,21 105 max TR26 30 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 See 7.3 in EN 14081–1:2005 Timber sizes shall be according to EN 336 Settings apply only to timber grown west of the Ural mountain range in Russia Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia Russia d Poland Source Source a country or mark countries 50a  t n    t n  50  ,186 −0 , 0901 0,19 10 °C – 50 °C < 85 % > -10 °C > 10 %  bn   150    (1) Requirements for grading: − air temperature − relative humidity in the air − timber temperature − timber moisture content an = Fn = 0,0101bn t n2 (2) To convert from stress to force Fn use Equation (1) Refer to calibration tables for machine to convert Fn to pressure setting  ta     tn  Equation (2) shall be used to calculate settings for the target size tn × bn where tn and bn are target dimensions Actual deflection settings an shall be rounded to the nearest whole number If the actual thickness ta exceeds the target thickness tn more than mm then the pressure shall be increased by Other characteristic values can be calculated from the equations given in EN 384 ƒm,k = 28,3 N/mm², E0,mean = 11 000 N/mm², ρk = 370 kg/m³ TR26 is a UK grade for trussed rafters Its primary characteristic values are: Comments and additional requirements !Table — Settings for Computermatic and Micromatic machines (continued) EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) 11 Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 b) Pine Pinus sylvestris Spruce Picea abies Species 30 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 225 30 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 225 Settings apply only to timber grown west of the Ural mountain range in Russia 12 d) c Grade ) or grade combination C40 C30 C24 C18 C35 C27 C18 C40 C30 C24 C18 C35 C27 C18 50,8 40,6 31,3 21,6 43,4 31,7 21,6 50,8 40,6 31,3 21,6 43,4 31,7 21,6 fmod for calc of settings Comments and additional requirements 1, 749 bn 1, 259 0, 727 f mod a where Fn is the indicating property in N (to obtain the indicating property in kilopound Fn shall be divided by 9,81), tn is the target thickness in mm, bn is the target width in mm (Note: For timber with a thickness to tolerance class 1, i.e sawn, tn in the above equation is the target tn + mm) and fmod is given in the 6th column of this table for each grade a is the pre-set deflection in mm and shall be: a = 1,3 mm for 70 ≤ t ≤ 75 mm a = 1,4 mm for 61 ≤ t ≤ 69 mm a = 1,5 mm for 54 ≤ t ≤ 60 mm a = 1,6 mm for 47 ≤ t ≤ 53 mm a = 1,7 mm for 44 ≤ t ≤ 46 mm a = 1,8 mm for 41 ≤ t ≤ 43 mm a = 1,9 mm for 38 ≤ t ≤ 40 mm a = 2,0 mm for 36 ≤ t ≤ 37 mm a = 2,1 mm for 34 ≤ t ≤ 35 mm a = 2,2 mm for 32 ≤ t ≤ 33 mm a = 2,3 mm for 30 ≤ t ≤ 31 mm Fn = 0,000 524t n The following equation shall be used to calculate settings Requirements for grading: • Air temperature between 10 °C and 50 ºC • Timber temperature greater than -10 ºC • Air relative humidity less than 85 % • Timber mean moisture content greater than 10 % • Feed speed between 48 m/min and 124 m/min Table — Settings for Raute Timgrader machines Permitted timber b) sizes (mm) c) Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 See clause 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 a) !PL" FI NO SE ES LV RU Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia d) Russia !Poland" Source marka) Source country or countries EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ DE AT !CZ " GB IE Germany Austria !Czech Republic " UK Ireland 30 ≤ tn ≤ 55 80 ≤ bn ≤ 280 35 ≤ tn ≤ 80 70 ≤ bn ≤ 260 Spruce Picea abies Picea sitchensis Permitted b) timber size [mm] Spruce Picea abies Fir Abies alba Species !C24" !C16" C16 L 35 L 24 Gradec) or grade combination Settings Predicted strength [N/mm²] C16: IP ≥ !5 200" !C24: IP ≥ 10 800 C16: 10 800 > IP ≥ 000" L 35: IP ≥ 34 L 24: 34 > IP ≥ 21 Timber temperature greater than °C Timber mean moisture content between % and 15 % Feed speed between 80 m/min and 300 m/min Timber surface planed or sawn Timber temperature greater than °C Timber mean moisture content between 10 % and 30 % Feed speed between 80 m/min and 300 m/min Timber surface planed or sawn The moisture content shall be measured by a Brookhuis FMI In-line system „ „ „ „ Requirements for grading: „ „ „ „ Requirements for grading: L 24: ƒt,k = 14,0 N/mm² Et,mean = 11 000 N/mm² ρk = 350 kg/m³ These grades apply to boards for glued laminated timber The characteristic values of the grades are: L 35: ƒt,k = 21,0 N/mm² Et,mean = 13 000 N/mm² ρk = 400 kg/m³ Comments and additional requirements Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 b) c) Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 see 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 a) !NOTE These settings are approved to permit each piece of timber to be graded as if it is two pieces of smaller widths The timber is subsequently cut lengthwise into two pieces with the correct grade marked on each piece This requires the machine to have the appropriate software, and the timber widths, before and after grading, to be as required by that software." Source a) mark Source country or countries Table — Settings for Euro-GreComat 702 and GoldenEye 702 EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) 13 Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 38 ≤ tn ≤ 100 89 ≤ bn ≤ 250 Permitted timber size [mm] b C24 C16 C24 C18 C27 C16 or Settings Grade grade combination Predicted strength [N/mm²] 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 14 c C27: IP ≥ 36,0 Requirements for grading: C16: 36,0 > IP ≥ 20,1 „ timber temperature greater than °C „ timber mean moisture content between 10 % and 18 % C24: IP ≥ 34,4 C18: 34,4 > IP ≥ 26,9 „ feed speed between 80 m/min and 300 m/min „ timber surface planed or sawn C24: IP ≥ 34,4 C16: 34,4 > IP ≥ 23,6 Comments and additional requirements !Table — Settings for Euro-GreComat 702 and GoldenEye 702 (continued) See 7.3 in EN 14081-1:2005 Timber sizes shall be according to EN 336 Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 " c b a DE AT Germany Austria Spruce Picea abies Fir Abies alba Source Species a mark Source country or countries EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Species Spruce (Picea abies) Fir (Abies alba) Source a) mark DE AT !CZ" b) „ 15 Requirements for grading: Timber temperature greater than °C „ Timber mean moisture content between % and 15 % „ Feed speed between 80 m/min and 120 m/min „ Surface planed L 16: ƒt,k = 10,0 N/mm² Et,mean = 000 N/mm² ρk = 350 kg/m³ L 24: ƒt,k = 14,0 N/mm² Et,mean = 11 000 N/mm² ρk = 350 kg/m³ L 35: ƒt,k = 21,0 N/mm² Et,mean = 13 000 N/mm² ρk = 400 kg/m³ Table — Settings for Euro-GreComat 704 Settings Permitted Comments and additional requirements Grade c) b) timber size Predicted strength or grade [mm] combination [N/mm²] L 40 These grades apply to boards for glued laminated timber 18 ≤ tn ≤ 55 L 40: 40 ≤ IP L 35 80 ≤ bn ≤ 280 L 35: 31 ≤ IP < 40 L 24 The characteristic values of the grades are: L 24: 19 ≤ IP < 31 L 16 L 40: L 16: 14 ≤ IP < 19 ƒt,k = 26,0 N/mm² Et,mean = 14 000 N/mm² ρk = 420 kg/m³ see 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 c) Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 a) Source country or countries Germany Austria !Czech Republic" EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 16 Spruce 34 ≤ tn ≤ 75 Picea Abies 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 Pine Pinus Sylvestris Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia d) Russia !Poland " Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 b) d) 350 000 480 000 480 000 350 000 980 000 800 000 520 000 970 000 490 000 780 000 560 000 000 000 C30 C30 C18 C30 C24 C30 C24 C18 C35 C24 C18 080 000 C27 C16 350 000 C16 230 000 010 000 C24 C27 300 000 C24 Settings apply only to timber grown west of the Ural mountain range in Russia c) Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 See 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 a) FI NO SE ES LV RU !PL" Comments and additional requirements I 18 = I − 0,073 I (1) Where timber has a mean moisture content between 16% and 20% with a minimum value of 14% and a maximum value of 22% then the settings shall be calculated according to equation (1) and rounded to significant digits Requirements for grading: − Air temperature 10 °C – 50 °C − Relative humidity in the air < 85 % − Timber temperature > -10 °C − Timber mean moisture content between 10% and 16% Actual setting, I is given in machine units and it is not effected by the timber dimensions Table — Settings for Dynagrade machine Permitted Settings Grade c) b) timber sizes or grade I combination (machine units) (mm) Species Source Source a) country or mark countries EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 30 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 225 Permitted b) timber sizes (mm) d) I Settings 180 000 150 000 180 000 730 000 330 000 180 000 500 000 500 000 180 000 250 000 150 000 840 000 580 000 550 000 470 000 220 000 550 000 C27 C27 C16 C30 C30 C18 C30 C24 C30 C24 C18 C35 C24 C18 (machine units) C24 C24 C16 Grade c) or grade combination Settings apply only to timber grown west of the Ural mountain range in Russia c) Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 See 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 b) FI Pine NO Pinus SE Sylvestris ES LV RU !PL" Species a) Finland Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia d) Russia !Poland " Source Source a) country or mark countries I 18 = I − 0,073 I (1) Where timber has a mean moisture content between 16% and 20% with a minimum value of 14% and a maximum value of 22% then the settings shall be calculated according to equation (1) and rounded to significant digits 17 Requirements for grading: − Air temperature 10 °C – 50 °C − Relative humidity in the air < 85 % − Timber temperature > -10 °C − Timber mean moisture content between 10% and 16% Actual setting, I is given in machine units and it is not effected by the timber dimensions Comments and additional requirements Table — Settings for Dynagrade machine (continued) EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 18 Spruce, !20 ≤ tn ≤ 45" Picea Abies 95 ≤ bn ≤ 195 Pine, Pinus Sylvestris (machine units) I Settings See 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 Timber sizes shall be to EN 336 Settings apply only to timber grown west of the Ural mountain range in Russia b) c) LS15 LS26 LS15 LS22 d) d) Density (kg/m ) MOE in tension (MPa) Tension strength (MPa) 320 000 11 350 11 000 14,5 370 12 000 18 − Air temperature − Relative humidity in the air − Timber temperature − Timber mean moisture content Characteristic values of the grades: Class LS11 LS15 LS18 390 410 14 000 26 LS26 13 000 22 LS22 10°C – 50 °C < 85 % > -10 °C > 10 % Actual setting, I is given in machine units and it is not effected by the timber dimensions Requirements for grading: These settings apply for glulam laminations Comments and additional requirements The density values are indicative only and were not taken into account when calculating settings 300 000 !7 270 000" !4 860 000" !6 750 000" 300 000 !6 680 000" LS22 LS11 !5 420 000" LS18 Grade or grade combination a) FI NO SE ES LV RU !PL" Finland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia c) Russia !Poland " Permitted timber sizes b) (mm) Species Table — Settings for Dynagrade machine (continued) Source Source a) country or mark countries EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ d b a FI NO SE ES LV RU PL Source a mark 34 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 34 ≤ tn ≤ 75 60 ≤ bn ≤ 300 Pine, Pinus Sylvestris Permitted timber b sizes (mm) Spruce, Picea Abies Species TR26 TR26 Grade or grade combination 210 000 520 000 Settings I (machine units) See 7.3 in EN14081-1:2005 Timber sizes shall be according to EN 336 Settings apply only to timber grown west of the Ural mountain range in Russia Finland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia d Russia Poland Source country or countries timber temperature timber mean moisture content between 10 % and 16 % − − I 18 = I − 0,0738 I (1) Where timber has a mean moisture content between 16 % and 20 % with a minimum value of 14 % and a maximum value of 22 % then the settings shall be calculated according to Equation (1) and rounded to significant digits > -10 °C < 85 % relative humidity in the air − 10 °C – 50 °C air temperature − Requirements for grading: Actual setting, I is given in machine units and it is not effected by the timber dimensions Other characteristic values can be calculated from the equations given in EN 384 ƒm,k = 28,3 N/mm², E0,mean = 11 000 N/mm², ρk = 370 kg/m³ TR26 is a UK grade for trussed rafters Its primary characteristic values are: Comments and additional requirements !Table — Settings for Dynagrade machine (continued) EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) 19 Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 20 c b a Fir (Abies alba) (Picea abies) Spruce Species IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ L25 L17 L30 L17 L36 L25 L40 L30 L17 105 ≤ bn ≤ 255 IP ≥ Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 Comments and additional requirements ρk Et,mean ft,k 14 000 420 [kg/m³] 26,0 [N/mm²] [N/mm²] L40 400 13 000 22,0 L36 380 12 000 18,0 L30 12 900 Requirements for grading: - timber mean moisture content between % and 15 % 100 - timber temperature greater than °C - feed speed ≤ 150 boards/min - timber surface planed or sawn 14 100 10 500 13 200 100 12 000 300 10 100 The characteristic values for the grades are: 14,5 L25 350 11 000 10 100 These grades apply to boards for glued laminated timber Settings L25 Grade c or grade combination Table — Settings for ViSCAN machine 30 ≤ tn ≤ 45 Permitted timber b size [mm] Timber size shall be according to EN 336 See 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 Source Source a country mark or countrie s Germany DE AT Austria Czech CZ Republic EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) 320 000 11,0 L17 Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 c b a DE AT CZ Spruce (Picea abies) Fir (Abies alba) Species 30 ≤ tn ≤ 45 105 ≤ bn ≤ 255 Permitted timber size b [mm] Grades prefixed by C are strength classes given in EN 338 Timber size shall be according to EN 336 See 7.3 of EN 14081-1:2005 Germany Austria Czech Republic Source Source country mark a or countries IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ IP ≥ L25 L17 L30 L17 L36 L25 L40 L25 L40 L30 L17 Comments and additional requirements ρk Et,mean ft,k [kg/m³] [N/mm²] [N/mm²] 420 14 000 26,0 L40 400 13 000 22,0 L36 380 12 000 18,0 L30 350 11 000 14,5 L25 Requirements for grading: 20,9 - timber mean moisture content between % and 15 % - timber temperature greater than °C 38,6 - feed speeds: ViSCAN: ≤ 150 boards/min X-ray scanner: 80 m/min to 300 m/min 32,9 - timber surface finish planed or sawn 6,9 38,6 23,6 32,9 6,9 28,6 15,9 20,7 The characteristic values for the grades are: 20,7 These grades apply to boards for glued laminated timber Settings L25 Grade c or grade combinatio n Table — Settings for GoldenEye 706 11,0 L17 21 320 000 EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University of Manchester, 22/05/2010 14:01, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 14081-4:2005+A1:2007 (E) Bibliography [1] EN 338, Structural timber — Strength classes [2] EN 384, Structural timber — Determination of characteristic values of mechanical properties and density" 22 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 Licensed Copy: University of Manchester, University 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