BS EN 13696 2008 ICS 79 080; 97 150 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Wood flooring — Test methods to determine elasticity and resistance to wear[.]
Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BRITISH STANDARD Wood flooring — Test methods to determine elasticity and resistance to wear and impact resistance ICS 79.080; 97.150 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 13696:2008 BS EN 13696:2008 Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13696:2008 It supersedes DD ENV 13696:2001 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/543, Round and sawn timber A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2009 © BSI 2009 ISBN 978 580 56450 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments BS EN 13696:2008 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13696 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM December 2008 ICS 79.080; 97.150 Supersedes ENV 13696:2000 English Version Wood flooring - Test methods to determine elasticity and resistance to wear and impact resistance Planchers en bois - Méthodes d'essai pour déterminer l'élasticité et la résistance l'abrasion et la résistance au choc Holzfbưden - Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Verformbarkeit und der Beständigkeit gegen Verschleiß und gegen Stoßbeanspruchung This European Standard was approved by CEN on November 2008 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members B-1050 Brussels Ref No EN 13696:2008: E Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Contents Page Foreword Scope Normative references Terms and definitions 4 4.1 4.2 Common methods Conditioning Measurement of the thickness of the lacquer 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Wear Principle Test pieces .6 Abrading system Test report 13 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 Elasticity of the lacquer 13 Principle 13 Equipment 14 Test piece 16 Procedure 17 Expression of the results for a test piece 17 Expression of the result for a batch 17 Test report 18 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 Impact resistance 18 Principle 18 Apparatus 18 Test specimens 22 Conditioning 22 Procedure 22 Expression of results 23 Test report 23 Bibliography 24 Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Foreword This document (EN 13696:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 175 “Round and sawn timber”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2009 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This standard supersedes ENV 13696:2000 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies a test method to determine the resistance to wear of lacquered wood floorings, a method to test the elasticity of the lacquer and a method to determine resistance to impact of lacquered wood floorings Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 13756:2002, Wood flooring – Terminology EN ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite – Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness) (ISO 868:2003) EN ISO 291, Plastics – Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 291:2008) Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13756:2002 and the following apply 3.1 lacquer film making agent modifying surface layer properties NOTE It has a measurable thickness Common methods 4.1 Conditioning 4.1.1 Equipment Enclosures with the following climatic conditions: climate A temperature of (20 ± 2) C and relative humidity of (65 ± 5) %; or climate B temperature of (23 ± 2) C and relative humidity of (50 ± 5) % 4.1.2 Procedure The manufacturer shall specify either of the conditioning climates above Unless otherwise specified, all equipment and materials required for the test shall be stabilised and kept in an enclosure in the climate specified BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4.2 Measurement of the thickness of the lacquer 4.2.1 4.2.1.1 Equipment Optical instrument An instrument with a resolution of at least (± 2) m NOTE For instance, a binocular microscope with a magnification of 100 to 200 and a built-in measuring scale in the field of view 4.2.1.2 Contrast marking A water-based felt tip pen 4.2.2 Sampling Choose the location from which the test pieces are taken, depending on the purpose of the measurement (either in an unworn area or in a worn area) Test pieces with a size at least 10 mm x 10 mm and by the full thickness shall be cut out of one of the wear test pieces or area to be tested in elasticity The number of test pieces is specified in 5.3.3.4.1 and 6.4.1 4.2.3 Procedure If needed, contrast mark the lacquered face with the felt-tip pen specified in 4.2.1.2 Clear-cut with a razor blade the edge of the lacquered face to be inspected Mount the test piece with the clear-cut edge facing the microscope For each test piece, make at least two measurements to the accuracy allowed by the resolution of the optical instrument Measurements of lacquer above open holes in the wood shall not be taken into account 4.2.4 Expression of the results When required, average the measurements made on each test piece If there is more than one test piece, calculate to one significant figure the mean value and the coefficient of variation (expressed as a percentage) of the results Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Wear 5.1 Principle The resistance to wear is evaluated by abrading the face of representative test pieces or specimens with a specified abrasive applied by means of two loaded wheels The number of rotations, necessary to reach a defined wear, is used to evaluate the resistance to wear 5.2 Test pieces 5.2.1 Dimensions The test shall be carried out on a test piece The test piece shall have the shape of: either a square with a side of 120 mm, its corners being trimmed so as to have a diagonal length reduced to about 130 mm, or, a disc with a diameter of about 130 mm Samples, from which it is intended to obtain a test piece, may be smaller than the above dimensions In that case, a test piece shall be produced by jointing two or more elements according to the manufacturer's specifications Bore a hole (6 ± 0,5) mm diameter and axis normal to the surface at the centre of the test piece 5.2.2 Sampling Three test pieces shall be cut The clearance between two test pieces shall be at least 100 mm For elements which have to be jointed, the three test species shall be made out of elements picked out at random NOTE 5.2.3 This sampling gives an estimation of the property of the lot Conditioning The test pieces shall be conditioned to constant mass in one of the climates defined in 4.1 Prior to testing, the lacquer shall be fully cured according to the manufacturer's instructions 5.3 5.3.1 Abrading system Principle The system described in this Standard is a grit feeder system: a specified loose abrasive is fed continuously on to the face of the test piece, in the track of the loaded wheels NOTE Other methods described in other standards could be possible In this case, the results are expressed without making reference to this Standard BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5.3.2 Test equipment and materials 5.3.2.1 5.3.2.1.1 Abrading equipment and materials Abrader Supporting disc Supporting disc shall have a minimum diameter of 105 mm, rotating in the horizontal plane with a permitted deviation of ± mm/m, at (60 ± 2) r.p.m, the test piece being tightly held flat by means of a suitable clamping device Abrading wheels Two cylindrical wheels free to turn on their axis, balanced by lever and counterweight, with nominal diameter and width of respectively 44,4 mm and 12,7 mm They are fitted with a leather strip having a width of (12,7 ± 0,1) mm and a minimum thickness of 1,5 mm The overall diameter of the wheels, when fitted with leather strips, shall not be less than 47,4 mm The distance between the internal faces of the wheels shall be (53 ± 2) mm, their common axis being set by 20 mm nominally of the axis of the test piece revolving support The axis of rotation of the test piece shall be equidistant from the two wheels A device shall apply the abrading wheels on the test piece with a force of (10 ± 0,1) N by each wheel The device shall be able to maintain the 20 mm eccentricity for all possible thicknesses of test pieces Revolution counter A revolution counter is needed to record the number of revolutions of the supporting disc BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Dimensions in mm Key Abrasive tank Suction nozzle Clamping ring Test piece Supporting disc Testing weight Abrading wheel Lever 10 11 12 13 14 Counterweight Wearing surface Direction of rotation Screwed pin Nut Plate Figure — Example of an abrader with grit feeder BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI NOTE The equivalent of 10 N is 020 g 5.3.3.3.4 Abrading capacity Start a wear test in accordance with the procedure defined in 5.3.3.2, the test piece being replaced by the calibration plate specified in 5.3.2.1.2 Operate the abrader for 000 revolutions Wipe clean the calibration plate Determine the difference between the initial mass of the calibrating plate and the mass after 000 revolutions and measure the depth of wearing Repeat the test three times with new calibration plates The result is acceptable if: the average loss of mass is (127,5 ± 10) mg and the average depth is (60 10) m; no individual measurement is beyond the range (127,5 ± 18) mg After 10 000 revolutions, the abrading capacity has to be repeated and the calibration has to be controlled 5.3.3.4 Test procedure 5.3.3.4.1 Initial thickness of the lacquer Measure it in accordance with the method specified in 4.2 The initial thickness is required only for information Use one test piece only 5.3.3.4.2 Wear through Prior to the wear test, condition the test piece as specified in 4.1.2 The wear test is carried out in the same climate Run the abrader as specified in 5.3.3.2 until the occurrence of the wear through of the lacquer Evaluate wear through by placing the transparent template (see 5.3.2.2.1) on the test piece and examining visually If the contrast between the support and the lacquer is not sufficient, use the contrast making solution specified in 5.3.2.2.1 Wear through has occurred when the support shows: through 12 sectors out of 16; and through sector per quadrant Inspect the test piece after every 200 revolutions When the test nears its end, inspect after every 100 revolutions 5.3.4 Expression of the result for a test piece 5.3.4.1 See 4.2.4 12 Initial thickness of the lacquer BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5.3.4.2 Wear through value The result is the number of rotations to wear the lacquer through (see 5.3.3.4.2), rounded to the previous hundred 5.3.5 Expression of the result for a batch 5.3.5.1 Initial thickness of the lacquer See 4.2.4 5.3.5.2 Wear through value The result is average of the individual numbers of rotations to wear the lacquer through each test piece (see 5.3.3.4.2) rounded to the previous hundred 5.4 Test report It shall contain the following information: name and address of laboratory; name and address of company ordering the test; reference to this standard, EN 13696; sampling procedure and identification of the sample; date of delivery; relevant dates of test(s); type of lacquer and its nominal thickness; material tested (wood species, lay-up, manufacturer); nominal dimensions for tested material; conditioning and test climate; individual results according to 5.3.4 (grit feeder system); result of batch according to 5.3.5 (grit feeder system); other conditions that may be of significance in interpreting the results, e.g noticeable change in appearance 6.1 Elasticity of the lacquer Principle The elasticity of the lacquer applied on the face of the test piece is determined by pushing, to full contact, a metal plate fitted with a set of cones, each with a different height and angle The height of cone above which the lacquer is cracked is used to evaluate the elasticity of the finish 13 BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6.2 6.2.1 Equipment Equipment to measure the thickness of the lacquer Optical instrument and water-based felt tip pen as defined in 4.2.1.1 and 4.2.1.2 respectively 6.2.2 Indentation plate (see Figure 2) Steel plate (approximate size: 70 mm x 52 mm x 35 mm) supporting 12 cones made of steel and with a diameter, measured at the base of the cone, of mm for each The height h of each cone is given in Table Table — Designation and height of cones Cone number Height h (mm) 2,6 2,4 2,2 2,0 1,8 1,6 1,4 1,2 1,0 10 0,8 11 0,6 12 0,4 The diameter of the base and the height of any cone shall be accurate to ± 0,1 mm and ± 0,02 mm respectively The centre-to-centre distance between adjacent cones shall be (17,5 ± 0,5) mm The surface of the cones shall be either ground (stainless steel) or plated (chrome) 14 Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Dimensions in mm 07 A 17,5 17,5 17,5 70 A 35 h Figure — Indentation plate for elasticity tests 15 BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6.2.3 Loading machine It shall be capable of indenting the cones of the steel plate defined in 6.2.2 into the surface of the lacquer to be tested The dimensions of the contact area of the ram shall exceed the corresponding dimensions of the indentation plate The loading head movement shall be steady and controlled so as to achieve a velocity of (10 ± 5) mm/min 6.2.4 Magnifying glass and lighting equipment Any suitable equipment magnifying at least 10 times and lighting equipment for the detection of the cracks in the lacquer 6.3 Test piece 6.3.1 Dimensions The test can be carried out either directly on the full size element or on a test piece Its size shall be at least 80 mm x 60 mm 6.3.2 6.3.2.1 Sampling Elasticity Ten areas or ten test pieces shall be tested in the same element, as long as the distance between two adjacent areas or test pieces is at least 100 mm If the size of the element does not allow the required number of test pieces, additional elements shall be selected 6.3.2.2 Thickness of the lacquer Four test pieces are required 6.3.3 Conditioning The test pieces shall be conditioned to constant mass as defined in 4.1 Prior to testing, the lacquer shall be fully cured NOTE 16 The manufacturer should provide the relevant data BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6.4 Procedure 6.4.1 Measurement of the thickness of the lacquer Cut four test pieces out of the area surrounding one of the test pieces or areas to be tested for elasticity of the lacquer Make the measurements in accordance with the procedure defined in 4.2.3 6.4.2 Elasticity 6.4.2.1 Indentation operation After conditioning, cover the face of the test piece or the area to be tested by the indentation plate Apply the load at the rate specified in 6.2.3 and remove it when the face of the plate bearing the cones comes into full contact with the face of the test piece 6.4.2.2 Measurements Carry out the observation using the magnifying glass and suitable lighting defined in 6.2.4 Note the cone number and the height hj of the smallest cone under which the indented lacquer is cracked The lacquer is cracked if any circular crack is at least mm long Radial cracks and cracks in direction of the grain shall not be taken into account 6.5 6.5.1 Expression of the results for a test piece Thickness of the lacquer Calculate the mean initial thickness of the lacquer t0 and the coefficient of variation of the measurements made on the four test pieces surrounding one of the elasticity test piece (or area) to one significant figure 6.5.2 Elasticity Note to one place of decimal hj the height, in millimetres, of the highest numbered cone that has cracked the lacquer 6.6 6.6.1 Expression of the result for a batch Thickness of the lacquer The thickness of the lacquer of the batch is given by the thickness of the lacquer of one of the elasticity test piece in accordance with 6.5.1 6.6.2 Elasticity Calculate the mean h of the heights hj and the coefficient of variation measured on the ten test pieces to one place of decimal 17 BS EN 13696:2008 EN 13696:2008 (E) Licensed Copy: x x, The University of Bath, 16/06/2009 16:21, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6.7 Test report It shall contain the following information: name and address of laboratory, name and address of company ordering the test, sampling procedure and identification of the sample, date of delivery, date of period of test(s), short description of apparatus used for measuring elasticity, material tested (wood species, type of lacquer, manufacturer), conditioning applied to elements prior to testing, individual results according to 6.5 (thickness and elasticity), result of batch according to 6.6 (elasticity) Impact resistance 7.1 Principle Determination of the ability of the surface layer to withstand impact from objects dropped on the wood flooring 7.2 Apparatus 7.2.1 Conditioning chamber Conditioning chamber, in accordance with EN ISO 291, with a standard atmosphere of (23 ± 2) C and relative humidity of (50 5) % 7.2.2 Polyethylene foam Polyethylene foam, thickness (2 7.2.3 7.2.3.1 0,5) mm, density (35 5) kg/m³ Ball apparatus Free-ball apparatus A free-fall test apparatus of the type shown in Figure 3, or the equivalent 18