Bsi bs en 12312 9 2013

BS EN 12312-9:2013 BSI Standards Publication Aircraft ground support equipment — Specific requirements Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders BS EN 12312-9:2013 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12312-9:2013 It supersedes BS EN 12312-9:2005+A1:2009 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/57, Air cargo and ground support equipment A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2013 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013 ISBN 978 580 70184 ICS 49.100 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2013 Amendments issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM January 2013 ICS 49.100 Supersedes EN 12312-9:2005+A1:2009 English Version Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences particulières Partie : Chargeurs de conteneurs/palettes Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Besondere Anforderungen - Teil 9: Container-/Paletten-Hubfahrzeuge This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 November 2012 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 12312-9:2013: E BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Contents Page Foreword .3 Introduction Scope Normative references .6 Terms and definitions List of hazards 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.4 5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 5.5.3 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9.1 5.9.2 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.12.1 5.12.2 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 Safety requirements and/or measures General requirements Overall dimensions Platform design, guide-rails and stops Platform types Guide-rails and stops .9 Aircraft interface device Operation and loading 10 Access 10 General 10 Access to the operator's position 10 Additional access 10 Transportability 11 Crushing, shearing 12 Warning devices 12 Controls, monitoring devices and displays 12 Controls 12 Emergency stops 12 Stability 12 Mobility 13 Operating speeds 13 Translational speed 13 Autolevelling speed 13 Operator's workplace 13 Safeguards against falling 13 Working lights 15 Options 15 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Information for use 15 Marking 15 Additional marking 16 Warnings 16 Instructions 16 Verification of requirements 17 Annex A (normative) List of hazards in addition to those of EN 1915-1 18 Annex B (informative) Functional requirements for platforms equipped with conveying systems 21 Annex C (informative) Loading control 23 C.1 Machinery Directive requirements 23 C.2 Demonstration of absence of risk of overloading/overturning 23 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 24 Bibliography 25 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Foreword This document (EN 12312-9:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 274 “Aircraft ground support equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2013 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 12312-9:2005+A1:2009 This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document EN 12312, Aircraft ground support equipment ― Specific requirements, consists of the following parts:  Part 1: Passenger stairs;  Part 2: Catering vehicles;  Part 3: Conveyor belt vehicles;  Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges;  Part 5: Aircraft fuelling equipment;  Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment;  Part 7: Air-craft movement equipment;  Part 8: Maintenance stairs and platforms;  Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders (the present document);  Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters;  Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load trailers;  Part 12: Potable water service equipment;  Part 13: Lavatory service equipment;  Part 14: Disabled/incapacitated passenger boarding vehicles;  Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors;  Part 16: Air start equipment; BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E)  Part 17: Air conditioning equipment;  Part 18: Nitrogen or Oxygen units;  Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic tail stanchions;  Part 20: Electrical ground power units The main changes compared to the previous edition are: a) Amendment A1:2009 was incorporated; b) the Introduction was updated; c) the Scope was updated; d) Clause 2, Normative references, was updated; e) three terms and definitions were added, one was deleted; f) List of hazards was moved to Annex A, thus making it necessary to re-number the following Annex; g) 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 were changed; h) 5.5, Access, was inserted, thus making it necessary to re-number the following subclauses; i) 5.7 to 5.10, 5.13 and 5.15 were changed; j) 5.14, Safeguards against falling, was inserted, thus making it necessary to re-number the following subclauses; k) Clause and were changed; l) Annex B, Examples of different loaders, was deleted; m) Annex C was changed; n) Annex D, Typical data for loading equipment, was deleted; o) Annex ZA referring to the Machinery directive 98/37/EC was replaced by Annex ZA referring to the new Machinery directive 2006/42/EC; p) the Bibliography was updated According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Introduction This European Standard specifies health and safety requirements for container/pallet loaders intended for loading/unloading of unit loads with the exception of bulk material for all aircraft types commonly in service in civil air transport The minimum essential criteria are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe, serviceable, economical and practical container/pallet loaders Deviations from the recommended criteria should occur only after careful consideration, extensive testing, risk assessment and thorough service evaluation have shown alternative methods or conditions to be satisfactory Such deviations are outside the scope of this standard and a manufacturer should be able to demonstrate an equivalent level of protection This document is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100 The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document When provisions of this Type C standard are different from those which are stated in Type A or B standards, the provisions of this Type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this Type C standard Deviations from requirements not fall within the presumption of conformity given by the standard For information, a summary of equipment functional design requirements covered by International Standards, e.g ISO 6967 and ISO 6968, and IATA Airport Handling Manual, is given in Annex B BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause which can arise during the commissioning, the operation and the maintenance of container/pallet loaders when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative It also takes into account some requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies This document applies to: a) Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) single platform; b) Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) two or more platforms; c) Container/Pallet loader/transporter (self-propelled); d) Container/Pallet loader/transfer platform (towed) This document does not establish requirements for noise and vibration NOTE EN 1915-3 and EN 1915-4 provide the general GSE noise and vibration requirements This standard does not deal with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and from other vehicles on the apron This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to container/pallet loaders which are manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN NOTE Certain measurements have been given in imperial units (in parentheses) following the metric measurements since the containers/pallets to be handled are based mainly on the imperial system This part of EN 12312 when used in conjunction with EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2, EN 1915-3 and EN 1915-4 provides the requirements for container/pallet loaders Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 1837, Safety of machinery — Integral lighting of machines EN 1915-1:2013, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 1: Basic safety requirements EN 1915-2, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods EN 1915-3, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 3: Vibration measurement methods and reduction EN 1915-4, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 4: Noise measurement methods and reduction EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006) EN ISO 13857, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857) EN ISO 14122-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001) ISO 2328, Fork-lift trucks — Hook-on type fork arms and fork arm carriages — Mounting dimensions ISO 3864 (all parts), Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs DIN 51130:2004, Testing of floor coverings — Determination of the anti-slip property — Workrooms and fields of activities with slip danger, walking method — Ramp test Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and EN 1915-1:2013 and the following apply 3.1 loader vehicle having a prime purpose of lifting, lowering and transferring unit load devices (ULD's), also known as an elevator 3.2 single platform loader loader which only has a single lifting platform 3.3 two platforms loader loader having a front platform and a main platform 3.4 multiple platforms loader either two platforms, or three platforms loader 3.5 main platform load bearing device which interfaces with the aircraft on a single platform loader or with the front platform of a two platforms loader, and with ground transportation systems 3.6 front platform load bearing device which interfaces with the aircraft on a two platforms loader, also known as a transfer platform or bridge 3.7 intermediate platform on a three platform loader, platform that shuttles between the main and front platforms 3.8 lower deck aircraft compartment below the main deck 3.9 main deck aircraft deck on which the major portion of the payload is carried BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) 3.10 container completely enclosed unit load device (ULD) which interfaces directly with the aircraft cargo handling and restraint system 3.11 pallet unit load device consisting of a platform with a flat undersurface of standard dimensions on which goods are assembled and secured before being loaded onto the aircraft and which interfaces directly with the aircraft cargo handling and restraint system 3.12 lower deck container aircraft container shaped to fit the lower deck of high capacity aircraft Note to entry: type These units come in half and full sizes, related to the width of a particular position in a specific aircraft 3.13 barrier movable element to prevent access into an area List of hazards The list of risks and hazards (given at Annex A) is based on EN ISO 12100:2010 and contains the hazards and hazardous situations, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for container/pallet loaders and which require action to eliminate or reduce risks Hazards due to a standard automotive chassis, the traffic and repair are not covered Safety requirements and/or measures 5.1 General requirements 5.1.1 Container/Pallet loaders shall conform to the requirements of this standard and relevant requirements of EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2, EN 1915-3 and EN 1915-4 unless otherwise specified in this standard The specific requirements of this standard take precedence over those of the EN 1915 series 5.1.2 Strength calculations shall be carried out in accordance with EN 1915-2 5.2 Overall dimensions The overall dimensions of the loader shall be kept to a minimum, consistent with its function and in accordance with the requirements of 5.4 The overall height of the entire loader shall not exceed 4,0 m, when being driven with the platform(s) in the lowest position 5.3 Platform design, guide-rails and stops 5.3.1 Platform types Depending on the type, loaders may have one, two or more platforms Single platform loaders shall provide a platform which is capable of up and down movement between the specified heights as appropriate to the type(s) of container/pallets to be handled Two platform loaders shall provide: a) a front platform which is positioned adjacent to the aircraft door and which remains at this position during the loading/unloading operation, or, for main deck operation, may be lowered to a lower deck position to interface with the main platform; and BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2 on all sides except where openings are required for load movement in and out of the cargo compartment Guard rails shall be positively protected from the moving load by a continuous guide-rail (see 5.3.2.1) 5.14.2 The maximum unguarded distance between the operator's workplace and the nearest point of the access means shall not exceed 120 mm 5.14.3 The front platform of a multiple platforms loader and the platform of a single loader shall also be fitted with a continuous guard rail meeting the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2.3 on the side opposite the operator’s workplace For upper deck loaders, see ISO 27471:2012, 4.1.9 for additional recommendations, which may also be considered for main deck (see ISO 6967) and lower deck (see ISO 6968) loaders Where a guard rail or side panel higher than 100 mm is installed, a continuous hand rail should be provided along the inner sides between 000 mm and 100 mm height 5.14.4 Any control or other item requiring operator or other staff action during intended operation shall be located within the guard rails protected area and not less than m away from an unprotected platform's edge The resulting hazardous areas on the front platform shall be marked on the floor with durable hatched markings in ISO 3864 (all parts) safety colours Such high visibility safety markings may e.g consist in wide, diagonally located, alternately black and ISO 3864 (all parts) safety yellow, stripes across the whole potential hazard area(s) floor 5.14.5 Both forward sides of the platform and/or operator's workplace adjacent to the aircraft shall be fitted with adjustable guard rails to eliminate any gap with the aircraft The maximum unguarded distance between the adjusted guard rail and the aircraft shall not exceed 120 mm 5.14.6 Where the aircraft cargo door's opening is wider than the loader, one or both sides of the forward platform shall be fitted with adjustable guard rails capable of closing the gap(s) between the loader and aircraft cargo door opening Their installation and removal shall not expose personnel to a falling hazard NOTE See 6.4, Instructions, for listing by the manufacturer of the aircraft types/sub-types and cargo compartments the loader is intended to serve NOTE Cargo compartment opening guard rails can be made in all or in part of flexible material in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2.5 They can use attachment to aircraft doorframe points if allowed by the aircraft manufacturer 5.14.7 Any movable guard rail parts, necessary e.g to adjust to the aircraft or to leave space for aircraft door opening and closing, shall meet the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2 5.14.8 All fixed or movable parts that may come into contact with an aircraft shall be suitably padded NOTE Recommended practices for aircraft protective padding are contained in SAE AIR 1558A; see Bibliography 5.14.9 Any vertical means of access shall provide access to a step-over area (landing) free of protrusions at least 0,5 m wide by 0,5 m deep at platform level, and a self-closing gate in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2 shall be provided at landing access 5.14.10 While the access gate is open, the step-over area shall be protected against the risk of falling by a movable guard rail meeting the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2.4 except for the toe-plate, extending at least m away from vertical means of access along the front platform's rear edge The open access gate may be part of the movable guard rail The movable guard rail when in the stored position shall not prevent access to/from the operator’s workplace 5.14.11 As an alternative to 5.14.4 and 5.14.10, protection against falling from the front platform when the main or intermediate platform has been lowered shall be provided by an automatic barrier This barrier shall: a) 14 consist of an upper element with a height of at least 100 mm and at least one intermediate element 500 mm below the upper element; BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) b) additional elements shall be used as necessary to prevent the free vertical height between adjacent elements exceeding 500 mm; c) be continuous across the aft width of the front platform Any unprotected distance, e.g between two barrier elements or the barrier and side guard rails, shall not exceed 120 mm; d) be designed so that it has a maximum deflection not exceeding at any point 5% of the unsupported span when subjected to an horizontal load F of 000 N on a 100 mm x 100 mm area at the most unfavourable location, without causing any permanent deformation; e) automatically leave unobstructed passage for unit load devices when the main or intermediate platform is level with the front platform, and automatically come into place when the main or intermediate platform comes down relative to the front platform by more than m A minimum 51 mm clearance (100 mm preferred) shall be provided between any point on the unit load devices and the barrier when located within the platforms guides in their maximum extended position; f) be automatically positively secured against retraction as long as the main platform is lower than the front platform by more than m NOTE Contour dimensions of unit load devices to be handled according to the type of loader are given in the relevant ISO 6967 (main deck loaders), ISO 6968 (lower deck loaders) or ISO 27471 (upper deck loaders) 5.14.12 The upper (main) platform barrier's strength shall be verified The following testing procedures shall be used: A load F of 000 N is to be applied through a 100 mm × 100 mm rigid flat plate to the barrier's hand rail horizontally and perpendicular to it, using the most unfavourable transverse location, at the height of 100 mm, then at intermediate (knee-rail) height Under this load, the maximum deflection measured at any point of the hand rail shall not exceed 180 mm There shall be no permanent deformation 5.15 Working lights 5.15.1 Where lights for the illumination of working areas are fitted, their design shall conform to EN 1837 The minimum luminous flux of the lamp shall be 250 lm 5.15.2 The lights shall be switched from the operator’s workplace, independent of loader operation and be adjustable, to reduce the hazard of dazzling other apron users 5.16 Options 5.16.1 Where platforms interfacing with the aircraft are adjustable, the following changes in aircraft attitude shall be accommodated:  maximum pitch and roll ± 2° and minimum height adjustment 10 mm 5.16.2 Where adaptors are provided to bridge any gap between the platform and the aircraft, special attention shall be given to the design of adaptors to ensure continued safe operation Information for use 6.1 Marking Permanent marking of data shall consist of metal plates attached securely (e.g riveted, welded) to the structure Markings shall include at least those markings required by EN 1915-1, plus additional markings in 6.2 15 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) 6.2 Additional marking In addition to the name-plate and markings specified in EN 1915-1:2013, 6.1, the following shall be marked on the loader: a) load capacity; b) lifting points capacity and location 6.3 Warnings The following warnings shall be affixed permanently at prominent positions, preferably by using pictograms: a) Keep clear from moving parts; b) Keep clear from stabilisers; c) Keep clear from any platform edge not protected by guard rails, unless aircraft or adjacent platform are present and level; d) Risk of falling warning This shall be materialised by the graphic symbol in EN 1915-1:2013, Annex G, at least 200 mm high, located at positions inside the forward platform guard rails on each side, close to the platform's open edges and the means of access gate; e) Keep clear from unpropped body during maintenance; f) No driving with load aboard (if not a transporter-loader); g) No passengers when being driven (if no provision is made for passenger accommodation); h) No raising/lowering of the platform with personnel on the main platform (if no provision is made for passenger accommodation); i) Do not use or stay on ladder while loader is in operation 6.4 Instructions Operating and maintenance instructions shall be supplied with each loader They shall generally meet the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 6.2 In addition, the operating and maintenance instructions shall contain, depending on type and design of the loader, information about: a) types/subtypes of aircraft and cargo compartments the loader is intended to serve and safely adjustable to; NOTE Information on different aircraft types cargo compartments door sill heights is available in industry documents such as IATA AHM 904 See Bibliography b) ULD types to be handled; c) driving/operation of the loader; d) positioning adjustment of the loader in relation to the aircraft; e) routine checks to be carried out by the operator; f) minimum training programme for the operator; g) conditions and safeguards for when persons are permitted or prohibited to go on the platforms; h) falling hazard avoidance near any platform edge not protected by guard rails (see 5.14.4); 16 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) i) ladder access restrictions while loader is being operated; j) measures to be taken in case of emergency situations or breakdown; k) lifting points and transport means; l) types of hoses used in hydraulic systems; m) safety requirements for maintenance resulting from the specific design of container/pallet loaders Verification of requirements The verification of requirements shall be carried out generally in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, Clause See also details for verification in EN 1915-3 as relevant and EN 1915-4 The following shall be verified by functional tests, and measurement (as appropriate): a) function of the stops and guides (see 5.3.2); b) operation and loading (see 5.4); c) audible warning devices (see 5.8); d) emergency stops (see 5.9.2); e) function of the stabilisers (see 5.10); f) mobility (see 5.11); g) operating speeds (see 5.12); h) guard rails (see 5.14) i) working lights (see 5.15); j) relative platform heights (see 5.16.1) 17 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Annex A (normative) List of hazards in addition to those of EN 1915-1 Table A.1 — List of hazards No Hazards identified in Annex B & Table B.1 of EN ISO 12100:2010 General mechanical hazards Being run over due to machinery mobility Being thrown Crushing or shearing Impact Slipping or tripping 18 Relevant clauses in this part of EN 12312 Hazardous situations Mechanical hazards Unbalance due to energy of moving elements (dynamic forces) Structural failure due to insufficient mechanical strength Liquids and gases under pressure Vehicle tilting or overturn and instability due to wind Structural failure due to snow load 5.1.1, 5.1.2, 5.10.1, 5.10.2 5.1.1, 5.1.2, 5.4.2 5.1.1, 5.1.2 Collision or person run-over due to insufficient visibility 5.13.1 Collision or person run-over due to horizontal movements of the vehicle 5.9.1.1 Collision or person run-over due to missing or inappropriate warnings 5.8 Driver or operator inadequate restraint thrown or injured due to 5.13.5 Driver or operator thrown or injured unexpected jerks while driving the vehicle due to 5.10.3, 5.11.3, 5.11.4 Crushing or shearing between fixed and moving elements due to inappropriate or missing protective measures 5.5.2, 5.5.3 b), 5.5.3 c), 5.5.7, 5.13.2 Crushing between parts/elements of the loader and aircraft due to inappropriate clearance and/or missing protective measures 5.4.4 Hit by falling objects/loads due to inappropriate or missing guide-rails and/or stops 5.3.2 Hit by loads during operation due to inappropriate platform size 5.4.1 Hit by loads or falling objects/loads during operation due to inappropriate load operation systems and/or insufficient mechanical strength of structure and/or lifting system 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.12.1, 5.16.1 Slipping due to slippery walkway or standing position surface 5.4.5 Tripping due to jerks in lifting / work platform movements 5.11.3 Tripping due to irregular step increments and/or inappropriate walkway 5.5.3 g), 5.16.1, 5.16.2 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) No Hazards identified in Annex B & Table B.1 of EN ISO 12100:2010 Falling from height Relevant clauses in this part of EN 12312 Tripping due to varying step increments at the door sill 5.16.2 Falling from height due to absence of guard rails 5.14.1, 5.14.2, 5.14.3, 5.14.5, 5.14.6, 5.14.9 Falling from height due to insufficient guard rails 5.14.1, 5.14.3, 5.14.5, 5.14.7, 5.14.8, 5.14.9, 5.14.10 Falling from height due to missing or insufficient safety barrier 5.14.11, 5.14.12 Falling from height due to inappropriate means of access 5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.5.3 b), 5.5.3 g), 5.14.10 Falling from heights due to inappropriate dimensions and/or location of walkways and working areas 5.5.3 g), 5.14.9, 5.14.10 Falling from heights due to inappropriate location of walkways and working areas 5.14.4 Electrical hazards Burn, electrocution from arc or live parts Hazardous situations Thermal hazards Objects or materials with high temperature Loss of hearing, loss of awareness, accidents Contact of persons with live parts (direct or indirect contact) 5.1.1 Burning by hot parts due to inadequate or insufficient cover 5.1.1 Hazards generated by noise Deafness, physiological disorders (e.g loss of balance, loss of awareness), accidents due to interference with communication and to nonperception of auditory warning signals 5.1.1 Hazards generated by vibration Neurological osteoarticular disorder or Whole body vibration, particularly when combined with poor postures Hazards generated by radiation Hazards generated by materials or substances Ergonomic hazards Discomfort, musculoskeletal disorder Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 5.1.1 5.11.1, 5.9.1.3, 5.13.4 19 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) No Hazards identified in Annex B & Table B.1 of EN ISO 12100:2010 Relevant clauses in this part of EN 12312 Hazardous situations Insufficient visibility from driving or operating position Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls Consequences of human error Unexpected movements due to a jammed control Misunderstanding of safety signs or markings Misunderstanding of manufacturer's instructions Miscellaneous hazards from exceeding lifting platform rated capabilities Visual fatigue 5.5.3 f), 5.9.1.1, 5.9.1.2, 5.9.2, 5.14.4 5.9.1.4 5.5.3 h ), 6.2, 6.3 5.5.3 b), 6.4 5.5.3 b) 5.1.15 Hazards associated with the operating environment Structural damage Structural damage due to inappropriate ground clearance 5.11.4, 5.10.3 Collision Collision with other objects or person due to inappropriate dimensions 5.2 10 Combination of hazards Injuries or distressing situations from lifting equipment 20 Inadequate local lighting 5.13.1, 5.13.3 Loss of balance due to unexpected movement and/or speed of lifting device 5.5.3 e), 5.12.2 Persons stuck up on the raised lifting platform in an emergency situation due to lifting system failure 5.1.1, 5.5.3 a) Miscellaneous hazards due construction of lifting system to inappropriate 5.5.3 d) BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Annex B (informative) Functional requirements for platforms equipped with conveying systems Table B.1 — Roller platform for single direction conveyance Roller dimensions Roller distances Roller mounting Support area NOTE Minimum diameter 50 mm (2 in) Minimum bearing length 100 mm (4 in) Minimum radius at roller edges mm (0,125 in) Maximum lateral distance between roller ends 405 mm (16 in) Maximum distance between centre lines of rollers with a diameter of up to 100 mm 254 mm (10 in) between 100 mm and 150 mm 305 mm (12 in) 150 mm and above 380 mm (15 in) Maximum unit load device overhang (distance between roller edge and guide) 150 mm (6 in) Maximum height difference between any two adjacent rollers mm (0,125 in) Maximum height difference between rollers in any 524 mm × 524 mm (5 ft × ft) area mm (0,25 in) Minimum cumulative length of any number of rollers on a common axis as support of the corresponding unit load device dimension (Staggered pattern of rollers shall provide equivalent support) 50 % These values have been derived from IATA AHM 911 21 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Table B.2 — Platforms with multi-directional conveyors Castor layout and dimensions Castor distances Inverted castors Castor mounting Ball dimension Ball transfer units Ball transfer distances Ball mounting Layout and dimensions Multidirectional roller unit Distances Mounting NOTE 22 Minimum diameter 75 mm (3 in) Minimum width 25 mm (1 in) Minimum radius at castor wheel edge mm (0,125 in) Maximum allowable spacing for inverted castors throughout the area traversed by the unit load device measured in two directions 90° apart castor wheel diameter up to 100 mm 254 mm (10 in) 100 mm and above 305 mm (12 in) Maximum height difference between any two adjacent castors mm (0,125 in) Maximum height difference between castors in any 524 mm × 524 mm (60 in × 60 in) area mm (0,25 in) Minimum ball diameter 25 mm (1 in) Maximum allowable spacing throughout the area traversed by the unit load device, except for those areas where supported by other means, measured in two directions 90° apart ball diameter: up to 30 mm 127 mm (5 in) between 30 mm and 60 mm 180 mm (7 in) 60 mm and above 305 mm (12 in) Maximum height difference between any two adjacent ball transfer units mm (0,125 in) Maximum height difference between ball transfer units in any 524 mm × 524 mm (60 in × 60 in) area mm (0,25 in) Minimum individual roller diameter at its widest point 50 mm (2 in) Minimum individual roller length 100 mm (4 in) Maximum allowable spacing throughout the area traversed by the unit load device, except for those areas where supported by other means, measured in two directions 90° apart 380 mm (15 in) Maximum height difference between any two adjacent units mm (0,125 in) Maximum height difference between units in any 524 mm × 524 mm (60 in × 60 in) area mm (0,25 in) These values have been derived from IATA AHM 909 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Annex C (informative) Loading control C.1 Machinery Directive requirements The Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, Annex I calls for loading control according to the following quotations: HAZARDS DUE TO LIFTING OPERATIONS 4.2.2 Loading control Machinery with a maximum working load of not less than 000 kilograms or an overturning moment of not less than 40 000 Nm must be fitted with devices to warn the driver and prevent dangerous movements in the event:  of overloading, either as a result of the maximum working load or the maximum working moment due to the load being exceeded, or  of the overturning moment being exceeded HAZARDS DUE TO THE LIFTING OF PERSONS 6.1.2 Loading control for types of device moved by power other than human strength The requirements of section 4.2.2 apply regardless of the maximum working load and overturning moment, unless the manufacturer can demonstrate that there is no risk of overloading or overturning C.2 Demonstration of absence of risk of overloading/overturning The risk of overloading as mentioned in 6.1.2 of Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, Annex I does not exist for the machinery covered by this standard The reasons are: a) the machinery is exclusively designed for carriage of a defined maximum number of ULDs, each with a defined maximum load; b) no external overload to be expected; c) the risks due to incorrect use, such as excessive slope or use on unprepared supporting surfaces, not exist at aircraft parking areas; d) stability is automatically ensured for all configurations; e) the operating instructions delivered with each container/pallet loader include information for intended and unintended use; f) the operation instructions delivered with each container/pallet loader include information for the operation as well as emergency rescue procedures by trained operators 23 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard (except 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.11.2) confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard 24 BS EN 12312-9:2013 EN 12312-9:2013 (E) Bibliography  International Standards: [1] ISO 4116, Air cargo equipment — Ground equipment requirements for compatibility with aircraft unit load devices [2] ISO 6967, Aircraft ground equipment — Main deck loader — Functional requirements [3] ISO 6968, Aircraft ground equipment — Lower deck loader — Functional requirements [4] ISO 10254, Air cargo and ground equipment — Vocabulary [5] ISO 27471:2012, Aircraft ground equipment — Upper deck loader — Functional requirements  Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) recommended practices1): [6] SAE AIR 1558A, Interface protective devices — Ground equipment to aircraft  International Air Transport Association (IATA), Airport Handling Manual (AHM), Section 92): [7] AHM 904, Aircraft doors, servicing points and system requirements for the use of ground support equipment [8] AHM 909, Summary of unit load device capacity and dimensions [9] AHM 911, Ground support equipment requirements for compatibility with aircraft unit load devices [10] AHM 930, Functional specification for an upper deck container/pallet loader [11] AHM 931, Functional specification for lower deck container/pallet loader [12] AHM 932, Functional specification for main deck container/pallet loader [13] AHM 934, Functional specification for a narrow body lower deck single platform loader [14] AHM 939, Functional specification for a transfer platform lift 1) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, USA, www.sae.org 2) Publications Assistant, International Air Transport Association, 800 Place Victoria, P.O Box 113, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4Z 1M1, www.iata.org 25 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Revisions We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based solutions Our British Standards and other publications are updated by amendment or revision The knowledge embodied in our standards has been carefully assembled in a dependable format and refined through our open consultation process Organizations of all sizes and across all sectors choose standards to help them achieve their goals Information on standards We can provide you with the knowledge that your organization needs to succeed Find out more about British Standards by visiting our website at bsigroup.com/standards or contacting our Customer Services team or Knowledge Centre Buying standards You can buy and download PDF versions of BSI publications, including British and adopted European and international standards, through our website at bsigroup.com/shop, where hard copies can also be purchased If you need international and foreign standards from other Standards Development Organizations, hard copies can be ordered from our Customer Services team Subscriptions Our range of subscription services are designed to make using standards easier for you For further information on our subscription products go to bsigroup.com/subscriptions With British Standards Online (BSOL) you’ll have instant access to over 55,000 British and adopted European and international standards from your desktop It’s available 24/7 and is refreshed daily so you’ll always be up to date You can keep in touch with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards, both in single copy and subscription format, by becoming a BSI Subscribing Member PLUS is an updating service exclusive to BSI Subscribing Members You will automatically receive the latest hard copy of your standards when they’re revised or replaced To find out more about becoming a BSI Subscribing Member and the benefits of membership, please visit bsigroup.com/shop With a Multi-User Network Licence (MUNL) you are able to host standards publications on your intranet Licences can cover as few or as many users as you wish With updates supplied as soon as they’re available, you can be sure your documentation is current For further information, email bsmusales@bsigroup.com BSI Group Headquarters 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL UK We continually improve the quality of our products and services to benefit your business If you find an inaccuracy or ambiguity within a British Standard or other BSI publication please inform the Knowledge Centre Copyright All the data, software and documentation set out in all British Standards and other BSI publications are the property of and copyrighted by BSI, or some person or entity that owns copyright in the information used (such as the international standardization bodies) and has formally licensed such information to BSI for commercial publication and use Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without prior written permission from BSI Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Department Useful Contacts: Customer Services Tel: +44 845 086 9001 Email (orders): orders@bsigroup.com Email (enquiries): cservices@bsigroup.com Subscriptions Tel: +44 845 086 9001 Email: subscriptions@bsigroup.com Knowledge Centre Tel: +44 20 8996 7004 Email: knowledgecentre@bsigroup.com Copyright & Licensing Tel: +44 20 8996 7070 Email: copyright@bsigroup.com