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BRITISH STANDARD Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas — Design and testing of marine transfer systems Part 3: Offshore transfer systems ICS 75.200 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 1474-3:2008 BS EN 1474-3:2008 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1474-3:2008 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GSE/38, Installation and equipment for LNG A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2009 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments © BSI 2009 ISBN 978 580 57978 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1474-3 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM December 2008 ICS 75.200 English Version Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas - Design and testing of marine transfer systems - Part 3: Offshore transfer systems Installations et équipements de gaz naturel liquéfié Conception et essais des systèmes de transfert marins Partie 3: Systèmes de transfert offshore Anlagen und Ausrüstung für Flüssigerdgas - Auslegung und Prüfung von Schiffsübergabesystemen - Teil 3: OffshoreÜbergabesysteme This European Standard was approved by CEN on November 2008 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members B-1050 Brussels Ref No EN 1474-3:2008: E BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) Contents Page Foreword Scope Normative references Terms and definitions 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6.1 4.6.2 4.6.3 4.6.4 4.7 4.8 4.9 Definition and ability of the LNG transfer systems System requirement Overall safety philosophy .7 Overall functional targets and requirements Design principles and risk assessment methodology .8 Design principles Risk assessment 10 Hazard identification 10 Risk analysis 11 Risk assessment 11 Acceptance criteria 12 Safety-critical elements .12 Performance standards .12 Risk reduction 12 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 New design qualification 13 Design qualification 13 Technology assessment .14 Risk assessment: failure mode identification 14 Analysis and testing 14 Reliability analysis .16 Compliance statements 16 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 6.12 Design basis and criteria of a LNG transfer system 16 General 16 Supporting structures and equipment 17 Transfer line diameter and product data 17 Dimensions and clearances .17 Stress analysis 18 Dynamic behaviour (cyclic motions amplitude, speed and fatigue) 18 Special loads situations 18 Product swivel joints and structural bearings 19 Connecting/disconnecting device .19 Handling for connection, disconnection, storing 19 Communications, evacuation and rescue .19 Others 20 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 Safety precautions .21 Introduction 21 Communication 21 Approach and control monitoring berthing and connection process 21 Position monitoring, alarm and shut down system for the LNG transfer systems 22 ERS system 22 Safety interfaces 22 Control of fluid transfer .23 8.1 Connection with the LNGC 23 Two main categories of LNG transfer systems are anticipated: 23 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) 8.2 8.3 8.4 Additional requirements for the ship shall address: .23 In order maximise the level of standardisation the following guidance shall be observed: .24 Systems and equipment for the position control of the LNG carrier during berthing, connection and transfer: 24 Operating and control design 24 10 Inspection and tests 24 11 Quality assurance and control 24 12 Documentation 24 Annex A (normative) Procedure for deviation from the full standard 26 Bibliography 27 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) Foreword This document (EN 1474-3:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 282 “Installation and equipment for LNG”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2009 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This European Standard consists in parts: EN 1474-1: Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas — Design and testing of marine transfer systems — Part 1: Design and testing of transfer arms EN 1474-2: Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas — Design and testing of marine transfer systems — Part 2: Design and testing of transfer hoses EN 1474-3, Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas — Design and testing of marine transfer systems — Part 3: Offshore transfer systems According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) Scope This European Standard gives general guidelines for the design of liquefied natural gas (LNG) transfer systems intended for use on offshore transfer facilities or on coastal weather exposed transfer facilities The transfer facilities considered may be between floating units, or between floating and fixed units The specific component details of the LNG transfer systems are not covered by this European Standard Reference is made to EN 1474-1 and EN 1474-2 where appropriate As a general statement the present standard applies to all transfer systems given in the scope However, some transfer system designs may require a deviation from the full standard as described in normative Annex A Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 1473, Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas — Design of onshore installations EN 1474-1:2008, Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas — Part 1: Design and testing of transfer arms EN 1474-2:2008, Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas — Part 2: Design and testing of transfer hoses EN 1532, Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas — Ship to shore interface EN 61511-1, Functional safety — Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector — Part 1: Framework, definitions, system, hardware and software requirements (IEC 61511-1:2003 + corrigendum 2004) EN 61511-2, Functional safety — Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector — Part 2: Guidelines for the application of IEC 61511-1 (IEC 61511-2:2003) EN 61511-3, Functional safety — Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector — Part 3: Guidance for the determination of the required safety integrity levels (IEC 61511-3:2003 + corrigendum 2004) EN ISO 9000, Quality management systems — Fundamentals and vocabulary (ISO 9000:2005) EN ISO 9001, Quality management systems — Requirements (ISO 9001:2000) Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply 3.1 attitude various modes of use and/or location of the transfer system (i.e manoeuvring, stowed, connected, washing, hydrostatic test and maintenance) The transfer system may take several positions for each attitude NOTE Transfer system see 3.18 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) 3.2 bank of transfer lines all the transfer lines on the transfer system NOTE Transfer lines see 3.17 3.3 cargo manifold (or manifold) pipe assembly mounted on board LNG carrier to which the outboard flanges of the transfer system are connected 3.4 coupler manual or hydraulic mechanical device used to connect the transfer system to the LNG carrier’s manifold NOTE This device, when not employing a bolted connection, is often also referred to as QCDC i.e quick connect/disconnect coupler 3.5 design pressure pressure for which the transfer system is designed 3.6 design temperature range of temperatures for which the transfer system is designed 3.7 emergency release coupling (ERC) device to provide a means of quick release of the transfer system when such action is required only as an emergency measure 3.8 emergency release system (ERS) system that provides a positive means of quick release of transfer system and safe isolation of LNG carrier and transfer system An ERS normally contain one or several ERC’s 3.9 emergency shut down (ESD) method that safely and effectively stops the transfer of LNG and vapour between the LNG carrier and the LNG terminal 3.10 envelope, operating (or operating envelope) volume in which the presentation flange(s) of a (group of) transfer line(s) is (are) required to operate 3.11 LNGC mooring LNGC mooring arrangement on the terminal NOTE The possible mooring configuration includes: conventional mooring (jetty, quay, GBS/Gravity Base Structure, …), Multi-Buoy Mooring/Conventional Buoy Mooring (MBM/CBM, …), side-by-side mooring of two floating units, tandem mooring (single or double hawsers arrangement, “crowfoot” hawser arrangement, rigid or articulated yokes, …), DP (Dynamic Positioning) or semi DP systems 3.12 LNGC First Order Motions heave, pitch, roll, surge, sway, yaw NOTE These motions apply as well for a floating LNG terminal 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) 3.13 LNGC Second Order Motions other motions of the LNGC when moored on the LNG terminal that have to be taken into account in the design and operations like fishtailing, jack-knifing NOTE These motions results from the behaviour of the ship due to the mooring configuration They apply in combination with the LNGC motions in 3.12 3.14 LNG terminal LNG plant with liquefaction or re-gasification facilities NOTE The LNG transfer system is part of the LNG plant The LNG terminal is supporting the transfer system that can be onshore or offshore mounted on a fixed or floating structure with or without storage facility 3.15 performance standard statement, which can be expressed in qualitative or quantitative terms, of the performance required of a system, item of equipment, person or procedure, and which is used as the basis for establishing the design specification, manufacturing and installation for the safe operation through the life cycle of the installation 3.16 surge pressure rapid change in pressure as a consequence of a change in flow rate in the transfer system 3.17 transfer line (or product line) articulated piping, the transfer hose and swivels if any, or a combination of the piping and hose, allowing the transfer of LNG and natural gas between the LNGC and the LNG terminal 3.18 transfer system LNG and natural gas transfer system, the transfer system comprises the transfer lines and all their supporting structure including the supporting structure on the LNG terminal, complete with all accessories, control/detection systems, energy supply NOTE The transfer systems have typically mobile and fixed parts Definition and ability of the LNG transfer systems 4.1 System requirement A description of the system and the operation shall be established Any system for offshore or coastal weather exposed operations, including LNG-C mooring and transfer systems, has to be considered as new development, should it incorporate arms or hoses Development of specific performance standards for compliance would be required These performance standards would be developed based on risk assessment techniques (see Clause 5) 4.2 Overall safety philosophy An overall safety philosophy shall be established and documented by the owner, reflecting applicable legislation, owner requirements, industry standards and best practices The overall safety philosophy shall address the risk categorisation and also acceptance criteria It shall be complemented as necessary, prior to commissioning, with vendor specific recommendation concerning precautions for use of the systems or parts of it It shall be consistent with the terminal general safety philosophy BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) 4.3 Overall functional targets and requirements The overall functional requirements for the cargo transfer system shall be identified and documented As a minimum the following capabilities shall be addressed for the different operational phases: berthing configuration (tandem or side by side or single point mooring, …); additional requirements to the manifold on the LNG carrier when required (e.g tandem or single point mooring offloading); berthing and mooring procedure; procedure for connection, transfer and disconnect including emergency release; process of monitoring and management of continual relative movements between vessels (CPMS, telemetry etc.); procedure and facilities handling, lifting and storing of transfer equipment; transfer capacities for LNG and vapour return (volume flow, pressure, temperature); availability requirements; requirements for the ESD system (sequence, timing, process responses); regulatory requirements; requirements related to local regulations, flag if any; owner QA requirements, such as classification, certification requirements 4.4 Design principles and risk assessment methodology A risk assessment shall be conducted as part of the overall assessment of the LNG transfer system In general for the overall system assessment the following objectives would apply: evaluation of the design and operational procedures; determination of the limiting conditions for the offloading operations; assessment of safety and operability via risk assessment techniques; determination of regulatory compliance (certification, classification): this section describes the design principles and the approach to establish design requirements for the transfer system Risks shall be assessed in accordance with recognized methods and risk studies shall be performed by qualified and competent persons with the necessary understanding of risk, and the risk assessment process The risk assessment methodology and tools, assumptions, and system boundary limits shall be clearly documented A risk based approach shall be used to ensure that: critical elements and operations are identified; performance standards are defined when applicable; controls and mitigating measures are identified; 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) 5.2 Technology assessment Transfer systems will normally comprise combination of known and novel technology The proposed solution shall be assessed with the aim to identify the novel elements and novel application of known technology to focus the qualification programme on these The qualification programme shall demonstrate safety and integrity to a level equivalent to conventional systems Compliance of design and operational safety to accepted codes and standards should be verified by risk assessment techniques (see Clause 4) and recognised qualification procedures (see Bibliography) 5.3 Risk assessment: failure mode identification The failure mode identification shall provide a consistent approach with the risk assessment methodology (see Clause 4) This shall be followed by a more systematic examination of failure modes and shall cover: abnormal modes of operation; possible causes of failure; method of failure detection; consequences of failure; possible corrective mechanisms The purpose of the evaluation shall be to establish that any system will provide an equivalent level of integrity with the arrangements addressed in the prescriptive codes Also to identify areas which may not be covered by the codes as these will be required to achieve the functional requirements as defined in 4.3 and safety performance standards established according to 4.8 From the above methodology a list of critical elements relating to the LNG transfer system offshore shall be established Also at this stage categories of criticality can be defined using primarily qualitative risk based evaluation criteria 5.4 Analysis and testing For the adoption of a transfer system the following general issues should be considered: compliance with the requirements of EN 1474-1 and EN 1474-2 (where applicable); application of proven systems and components; ability to monitor and manage relative movements between the two vessels and the velocity of drift of the shuttle tanker; reliability of control equipment (such as logic control systems and hydraulic drive systems); reliability of connecting / disconnecting systems and components; emergency release system; optimum access to all system parts for inspection and maintenance Structural analysis shall be carried out with focus on new technology elements and areas identified in the risk assessment (general requirements to structural analysis are given in Clause 6) The objective of the 14 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) structural analysis shall be to assess the global and local structural performances of all components and check adequacy to relevant criteria Structural strength shall be evaluated considering all relevant, realistic loading conditions and combinations with particular attention given to the design of critical interfaces Design calculations should take into account the following aspects: strength; fatigue; corrosion; survival conditions intact and damage (ship to ship mooring line failure); operating maximum loading conditions; accidental loading; motions and loads spectra Basin and/or model testing should generally be necessary to validate a marine LNG transfer system It can be too complex in a dynamic environment to be reliably analysed by numerical methods alone It therefore forms an essential stage in the design process and should be capable of providing loads and motions for all vital components The risk assessments previously established in 4.6 shall require that: sufficient qualification destructive testing is carried out, in order to conservatively validate the prediction methodology; sufficient proof or acceptance non-destructive testing is carried out satisfactorily It shall identify all failure modes and accurately and reliably predict the corresponding limit states, and subsequently ensure sufficient safety and availability through the service life of the system Where new limit states exceed currently proposed design, further destructive testing may be required to further qualify the system Some installations may need project-specific model and / or basin testing with supporting dynamic analysis carried out to establish the transfer system and mooring configuration and vessels responses While the results of the risk assessment should clarify the relevance for each component concerned, qualification testing should address the following: burst; leak; spillage; creep; cryogenic brittleness; limit states under combination of pressure and external forces when applicable; 15 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) fatigue; ageing; operability in cryogenic conditions Tests shall be sufficiently instrumented to assess the accuracy in the elastic range (and/or of non-linear material properties if applicable) of stress/strain prediction through calculation, to verify conservatism, and subsequently validate the safety margins provided in design The effect of fabrication tolerances is to be sufficiently investigated in the process Similarly, temperature gradients prediction methodology and their effects shall be validated as necessary The specification for the testing programme shall include tests and measurements, which allow calibration of the numerical analysis tools accounting for the LNG carrier’s dynamic behaviour in regular and irregular waves The programme of model tests should include a suitable number of load cases adequately covering all the critical situations in which each component of the transfer system experiences a maximum load or motion 5.5 Reliability analysis Reliability and availability studies shall be carried out and shall involve a detailed examination of the critical systems, in order to highlight the criticality of the LNG transfer system or elements within the system The objective of reliability analysis is to confirm that functional requirements as stated in 4.3 and safety performance standards according to 4.8 are fulfilled Reliability and availability studies shall involve a detailed examination of the system and as far as possible be quantitative, i.e based on a statistical assessment of collected data 5.6 Compliance statements The following statements of compliance shall be issued as part of the system’s qualification process: Statement of feasibility, concept approval certificate A statement issued by a class society, certification/verification body or other approved independent Third party which based on the results of a concept design evaluation/high level risk assessment or equivalent, would establish that the system can be approved in principle Statement of fitness for service, type approval certificate, certification/verification report A certificate of fitness, class notation or other equivalent document which is issued following appraisal of all relevant plans and supporting documentation together with on-site survey during construction and installation/commissioning and confirms that the performance requirements, codes, rules and regulations have been met Design basis and criteria of a LNG transfer system 6.1 General A risk assessment study shall be performed (see Clause 4) Calculations shall be performed to assess the design conditions (and complemented if necessary by model tests refer to 5.4) 16 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) The design shall reflect applicable legislation – international and local, owner requirements, industry standards and best practices Design conditions and parameters are to consider the maximum allowable significant wave heights and specific metocean conditions, beyond which any transfer of the cryogenic product is to be stopped The transfer system in stowed position shall be designed for the same return period of the metocean data as the terminal For winds, the s gust shall be considered Any requirements on the design metocean conditions during transfer system moving (from storage to connecting position or reverse) shall be specified by the owner The local environmental conditions (temperatures ranges (sea and air), humidity levels, salt mist, possible inclinations, vibrations etc.) shall be clearly defined to allow for the selection of materials and equipment 6.2 Supporting structures and equipment Any fixed, floating or ancillary structures, material and equipment used to support, lift or move LNG transfer systems, should be designed, constructed and tested to meet the requirements of the existing applicable codes, and international and national standards The supporting structures shall be designed for all operational and survival metocean loads as specified in existing applicable codes and shall incorporate all loadings resulting from the LNG transfer system operation These structures identified to be critical (see 4.6) shall also be designed for accidental loadings All operational and accidental conditions to be identified as recommended in Clause Equipment and lifting devices belonging to the LNG transfer system shall be designed for the loading as specified in applicable international offshore codes and national standards All other fixed or floating structures and equipment shall be designed, constructed and tested in accordance with applicable international and national codes and standards Accessories (nitrogen injection line, storage locking device, ladders and platforms, liquid nitrogen line, thermal insulation) shall be designed according to EN 1474-1:2008, 4.5 or EN 1474-2:2008, Clause as appropriate otherwise in accordance with applicable international and national codes and standards 6.3 Transfer line diameter and product data The LNG transfer line should be sized according to EN 1474-1:2008, 4.2.1 and/or EN 1474-2:2008, Clause Pressure loss curve for LNG and vapour return within the transfer system shall be agreed between the vendor and the owner The product characteristics shall be specified by the owner 6.4 Dimensions and clearances Transfer system dimensions The vendor shall ensure that the transfer system satisfies all specified requirements Clearance and clash study The design shall cater for the minimum clearances defined by the owner for the different attitudes of the transfer system 17 BS EN 1474-3:2008 EN 1474-3:2008 (E) The specified recommended minimum clearances are operating requirements i.e after any deflections and fabrication and erection tolerances The location of main clearance checkpoints shall be defined Vendor’s clearance study shall be based on a drawing of the LNG terminal layout in elevation and plan including any expansion for future transfer systems The transfer system vendor has the responsibility to identify all check points where there is the potential for interference of all transfer systems (including future) Risk of geometrical interferences and potential clash between the transfer system and LNGC or terminal should be avoided during connection, normal operations, normal and emergency disconnection operations Minimum distances between the terminal and the tanker shall be clearly specified and all required means to make the transfer reliable are to be provided 6.5 Stress analysis Stress analysis of pressure containing and non-pressure containing components shall satisfy the applicable requirements of EN 1474-1:2008, 4.2.2.2 Flexible hoses components shall satisfy applicable requirements of EN 1474-2:2008, Clause LNG terminals constructed in areas which are considered seismically active, seismic loads from appropriate floor spectra shall be considered for the structure, the foundations and the offloading system Site investigations and analytical modelling are to be carried out to evaluate the nature, magnitude and return intervals of potential seafloor movements For floating types terminals the dynamics loads due to terminal motions shall be considered If applicable, green seas loads shall be considered as well as ice loads in cold environment Accidental (survival) loads shall be considered for the design of safety critical equipment 6.6 Dynamic behaviour (cyclic motions amplitude, speed and fatigue) Dynamic behaviour of transfer system due to the relative displacements of the LNG carrier and the LNG terminal in the design conditions, as well as (due) to direct environmental load effects on the exposed transfer system shall be assessed Resulting cyclic and maximum loads shall be taken into account for the stress analysis and fatigue analysis of load bearing components including structural connection with the terminal and the LNG carrier manifolds Fatigue response of engineering materials to various loads that might occur throughout the design life of the structural components of the transfer system shall be taken into account Effects of various loading spectra and associated stress spectra, which will in general be a function of the design configuration and the operational conditions of the loading/unloading system, shall be taken into account This can be done by adopting a linear cumulative damage theory for the purposes of assessing fatigue damage Static loadings from weight and fluids pressure effects shall be combined if relevant, should a mean stress have an influence on fatigue life 6.7 Special loads situations Balancing conditions of the mobile assembly part of the transfer system, with or without ice build-up, shall be taken into consideration 18 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载