BS EN 1796:2013 BSI Standards Publication Plastics piping systems for water supply with or without pressure — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) BS EN 1796:2013 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1796:2013 It supersedes BS EN 1796:2006+A1:2008 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/88/2, Plastics piping for pressure applications A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2013 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013 ISBN 978 580 75372 ICS 23.040.20; 23.040.45 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2013 Amendments issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2013 ICS 23.040.01 Supersedes EN 1796:2006+A1:2008 English Version Plastics piping systems for water supply with or without pressure - Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) Systèmes de canalisations en plastiques pour l'alimentation en eau avec ou sans pression - Plastiques thermodurcissables renforcés de verre (PRV) base de résine polyester non saturé (UP) Kunststoff-Rohrleitungssysteme für die Wasserversorgung mit oder ohne Druck - Glasfaserverstärkte duroplastische Kunststoffe (GFK) auf der Basis von ungesättigtem Polyesterharz (UP) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 December 2012 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 1796:2013: E BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Terms, definitions and symbols General requirements 16 4.1 Classification 16 4.1.1 General 16 4.1.2 Categories 16 4.1.3 Nominal size 16 4.1.4 Nominal stiffness 16 4.1.5 Nominal pressure 16 4.2 Materials 17 4.2.1 General 17 4.2.2 Reinforcement 17 4.2.3 Resin 17 4.2.4 Aggregates and fillers 18 4.2.5 Elastomers 18 4.2.6 Metals 18 4.3 Wall construction 18 4.3.1 Inner layer 18 4.3.2 Structural layer 18 4.3.3 Outer layer 18 4.4 Appearance 18 4.5 Reference conditions for testing 19 4.5.1 Temperature 19 4.5.2 Properties of water for testing 19 4.5.3 Loading conditions 19 4.5.4 Preconditioning 19 4.5.5 Measurement of dimensions 19 4.6 Elapsed time for determination of long-term properties, (x) 19 4.7 Joints 19 4.7.1 General 19 4.7.2 Types of joint 19 4.7.3 Flexibility of the jointing system 19 4.7.4 Sealing ring 20 4.7.5 Adhesives 20 Pipes 20 5.1 Geometrical characteristics 20 5.1.1 Diameter 20 5.1.2 Wall thickness 25 5.1.3 Length 25 5.2 Mechanical characteristics 26 5.2.1 Initial specific ring stiffness 26 5.2.2 Long-term specific ring stiffness under wet conditions 27 5.2.3 Initial resistance to failure in a deflected condition 28 5.2.4 Ultimate long-term resistance to failure in a deflected condition 30 5.2.5 Initial specific longitudinal tensile strength 31 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) 5.2.6 Initial failure and design pressures for pressure pipes 33 5.2.7 Long-term failure pressure 35 5.3 Marking 36 Fittings 37 6.1 General 37 6.2 Bends 38 6.2.1 Classification of bends 38 6.2.2 Dimensions and tolerances of bends 38 6.3 Branches 41 6.3.1 Classification of branches 41 6.3.2 Dimensions and tolerances of branches 42 6.4 Reducers 44 6.4.1 Classification of reducers 44 6.4.2 Dimensions and tolerances of reducers 45 6.4.3 Mechanical characteristics of tapered section laminate 46 6.5 Non Pressure Saddles 47 6.5.1 Classification of saddles 47 6.5.2 Dimensions and tolerances of saddles 48 6.6 Flanges 48 6.6.1 Classification of flanges 48 6.6.2 Dimensions and tolerances for flanged adaptors 49 6.7 Marking 51 Joint performance 52 7.1 General 52 7.1.1 Interchangeability 52 7.1.2 Test temperature 52 7.1.3 Non-pressure piping 52 7.2 Dimensions 52 7.3 Non-end-load-bearing flexible joints with elastomeric sealing rings 52 7.3.1 General 52 7.3.2 Requirements 52 7.3.3 Number of test pieces for type test purposes 53 7.3.4 Test pieces 53 7.4 End-load-bearing flexible joints with elastomeric sealing rings 54 7.4.1 General 54 7.4.2 Performance requirements for locked-socket-and-spigot joints with elastomeric sealing rings54 7.5 Wrapped or cemented joints 56 7.5.1 General 56 7.5.2 Performance requirements 56 7.5.3 Number of test pieces for type test purposes 57 7.5.4 Test pieces 57 7.6 Bolted flange joints 58 7.6.1 General 58 7.6.2 Performance requirements 58 7.6.3 Number of test pieces for type test purposes 59 7.6.4 Test pieces 59 7.6.5 Joint assembly details 59 7.6.6 Torque resistance 59 Annex A (normative) Test method for the resistance to bending and pressure of end-thrust loaded joints in pipe systems 61 A.1 Principle 61 A.2 Apparatus 61 A.3 Test pieces 62 A.4 Test temperature 62 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) A.5 Calculation of the bending load F 62 A.5.1 General 62 A.5.2 Calculation of F, if applied in the horizontal plane 62 A.5.3 Calculation of F, if applied in the vertical plane 63 A.6 Procedure 64 A.7 Test report 64 Bibliography 66 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Foreword This document (EN 1796:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 155 “Plastics piping systems and ducting systems”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2013 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 1796:2006+A1:2008 The following list is a list of significant technical changes that have been made since the previous edition: − changes to many test method references to the more up to date ISO methods; − extension of the diameter range to 000 mm; − completion of the axial strength tables for all PN classes; − restructure of the fittings section to be more practical; − update of the joint testing criteria This European Standard is a system standard for plastics piping systems using glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics based on polyester resin (GRP-UP), for water supply with or without pressure System standards are based on the results of the work being undertaken in ISO/TC 138 "Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for the transport of fluids", which is a Technical Committee of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) They are supported by separate standards on test methods, to which references are made throughout the system standard System standards are consistent with standards on general functional requirements According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Introduction This system standard specifies the properties of a piping system and its components when made from glassreinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) intended to be used for water supply with or without pressure The working group responsible for this European Standard is currently working on a test method and requirements for assessing resistance to impact damage When this work is completed, it may result in additional requirements being incorporated into this European Standard This European Standard was prepared recognising the guidelines of EN 476 [1] BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies the required properties of the piping system and its components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) intended to be used for water supply (drinking or raw) with or without pressure In a pipework system, pipes and fittings of different nominal pressure and stiffness ratings may be used together It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes This European Standard is applicable to GRP-UP, with flexible or rigid joints (see 3.33 and 3.34), primarily intended for use in buried installations NOTE Piping systems conforming to this European Standard can also be used for non-buried applications provided that the influence of the environment, e.g from UV-radiation, and the supports are considered in the design of the pipes, fittings and joints It is applicable to pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 100 to DN 4000, which are intended to be used for the conveyance of water at temperatures up to 50 °C, with or without pressure This European Standard covers a range of nominal sizes, nominal stiffnesses and nominal pressures This European Standard is applicable to fittings made using any of the following techniques: a) fabricated from straight pipe; b) moulded by: 1) filament winding; 2) tape winding; 3) contact moulding; 4) hot or cold press moulding This European Standard is applicable to the joints to be used in GRP-UP piping systems to be used for the conveyance of water, both buried and non-buried It is applicable to joints, which are or are not intended to be resistant to axial loading It covers requirements to prove the design of the joint It specifies type test performance requirements for the following joints as a function of the declared nominal pressure rating of the pipeline or system: c) socket-and-spigot (either integral with pipe or sleeve coupling) or mechanical joint; d) locked socket-and-spigot joint; e) cemented or wrapped joint; f) bolted flange joint Recommended practices for the installation of buried pipes made in accordance with this standard is addressed in CEN/TS 14578 Guidelines for the structural analysis of buried GRP-UP pipelines are addressed in CEN/TS 14807 Guidance for the Assessment of Conformity of products made in accordance with this standard is addressed in CEN/TS 14632 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 681-1, Elastomeric seals — Materials requirements for pipe joint seals used in water and drainage applications — Part 1: Vulcanized rubber EN 1119, Plastics piping systems — Joints for glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings — Test methods for leaktightness and resistance to damage of non-thrust resistant flexible joints with elastomeric sealing elements EN 1447, Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes — Determination of long-term resistance to internal pressure CEN/TS 14578, Plastics piping systems for water supply or drainage and sewerage — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GPR) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) — Recommended practice for installation CEN/TS 14632, Plastics piping systems for drainage, sewerage and water supply, pressure and non-pressure — Glass reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) — Guidance for the assessment of conformity CEN/TS 14807, Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) — Guidance for the structural analysis of buried GRP-UP pipelines EN ISO 75-2:2004, Plastics — Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 2: Plastics, ebonite and long-fibre-reinforced composites (ISO 75-2:2004) EN ISO 527-4, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 4: Test conditions for isotropic and orthotopic fibre-reinforced plastic composites (ISO 527-4) EN ISO 527-5, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 5: Test conditions for unidirectional fibrereinforced plastic composites (ISO 527-5) EN ISO 1452-3, Plastics piping systems for water supply and for buried and above-ground drainage and sewerage under pressure Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) Part 3: Fittings (ISO 1452-3) EN ISO 3126, Plastics piping systems — Plastics components — Determination of dimensions (ISO 3126) ISO 2531, Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water applications ISO 4200, Plain end steel tubes, welded and seamless — General tables of dimensions and masses per unit length ISO 7432, Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings — Test methods to prove the design of locked socket-and-spigot joints, including double-socket joints, with elastomeric seals ISO 7685, Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes — Determination of initial specific ring stiffness ISO 8483, Plastics piping systems for pressure and non-pressure drainage and sewerage — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) systems based on unsaturated polyester (UP) resin — Test methods to prove the design of bolted flange joints ISO 8513, Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes — Determination of longitudinal tensile properties BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Table 18 — Summary of test requirements for non-end-load-bearing flexible joints Property to be tested Tests to be performed Test pressure in bars Duration Initial leakage Initial pressure 1,5 × PN 15 External pressure differential Negative pressure a −0,8 bar (−0,08 Mpa) 1h Positive static pressure 2,0 × PN 24 h Positive cyclic pressure Atmospheric to 1,5 × PN 10 cycles of 1,5 to each Initial pressure 1,5 × PN 15 Positive static pressure 2,0 × PN 24 h Misalignment and draw Angular deflection and draw a Relative to atmospheric, i.e approximately 0,2 bar (0,02 MPa) absolute 7.4 End-load-bearing flexible joints with elastomeric sealing rings 7.4.1 General End-load-bearing flexible joints, including locked socket-and-spigot joints with elastomeric seals, shall be tested using test pieces conforming to 7.4.2.3, for conformance to the test performance requirements under hydrostatic pressure detailed in 7.4.2.1, with reference to methods of test given in ISO 7432 NOTE flexible 7.4.2 ISO 7432 refers to locked-socket-and-spigot joints as rigid but in this European Standard they are classified as Performance requirements for locked-socket-and-spigot joints with elastomeric sealing rings 7.4.2.1 Resistance to pressure including the end thrust 7.4.2.1.1 General When tested by the appropriate method described in ISO 7432, and with reference to the nominal pressure of the piping system in which the joint is designed to be used, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.4.2.1.2 Initial leakage When subjected to a static pressure test in accordance with ISO 7432 with a test pressure equal to 1,5 times PN expressed in bars, for a time period of 15 min, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.4.2.1.3 External pressure differential When subjected to a negative pressure test in accordance with ISO 7432 of -0,8 bar (-0,08 MPa), i.e approximately 0,2 bar (0,02 MPa) absolute for h the test piece shall not show any visible signs of damage to its assembled components nor exhibit a change in pressure greater than 0,08 bar/h (0,008 MPa/h) 54 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) 7.4.2.1.4 Misalignment with internal pressure When subjected to a misalignment static pressure test in accordance with the appropriate method given in ISO 7432 including the manufacturers declared maximum draw, D, whilst subject to a total force, F, of 20 N per millimetre of the nominal size expressed in millimetres, using a test pressure equal to 2,0 times PN expressed in bars, for a time period of 24 h, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components When subjected to a misalignment with positive cyclic pressure test in accordance with appropriate method given in ISO 7432 including the manufacturers declared maximum draw, D, whilst subject to a total force, F, of 20 N per millimetre of the nominal size expressed in millimetres, of ten cycles, of 1,5 to each, between atmospheric pressure and 1,5 times PN expressed in bars, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.4.2.1.5 Short duration resistance When subjected to a static pressure test in accordance with method given in ISO 7432, with a test pressure equal to 3,0 times PN expressed in bars, for a time period of the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.4.2.1.6 7.4.2.1.6.1 Resistance of the joint to bending and pressure including, if applicable, end thrust General When the joints intended to be either used in buried applications, where the soils are known to have very poor properties, or where particular non-buried applications make their use appropriate, use the applicable method in either ISO 7432 or Annex A The method used shall be agreed between the purchaser and manufacturer, taking into account the foreseen installation conditions 7.4.2.1.6.2 Testing in accordance with ISO 7432 When subjected to an initial pressure in accordance with ISO 7432 at the pressure given in Table 19, for a time period of 15 min, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components When subjected to a static bending test in accordance with ISO 7432 using a test pressure equal to 2,0 times PN, expressed in bars, for a time period of 24 h, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.4.2.1.6.3 Testing in accordance with Annex A When tested in accordance with Annex A, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.4.2.2 Number of test pieces for type test purposes The number of joint assemblies to be tested for each test shall be one The use of the same test assembly for more than one of the tests detailed in Table 19 is permitted 7.4.2.3 Test pieces For the tests detailed in 7.4.2.1.1 to 7.4.2.1.6 a test piece shall comprise a joint and two pieces of pipe such that the total laying length, L, is not less than either the values given in Table 14 or that is required to meet the requirements of the test method 55 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Table 19 — Summary of tests required for flexible end-load-bearing joints Property to be tested Tests to be performed Test pressure Duration Initial leakage Initial pressure 1,5 × PN 15 External pressure differential Negative pressure −0,8 bar (−0,08 MPa) 1h Misalignment with internal pressure Maintained pressure 2,0 × PN 24 h Positive cyclic pressure Atmospheric to 1,5 × PN and back to atmospheric 10 cycles of 1,5 to 3,0 each Short duration resistance Maintained pressure 3,0 × PN Preliminary hydrostatic pressure 1,5 PN 15 Maintained hydrostatic pressure PN 24 h Resistance to bending NOTE Nominal pressure (PN) is an alphanumeric designation of pressure related to the resistance of a component of a piping system to internal pressure NOTE For the bending test see Annex A as applicable 7.5 Wrapped or cemented joints 7.5.1 General Wrapped or cemented joints shall be tested for conformance to the test performance requirements under hydrostatic pressure detailed in 7.5.2.1 and Table 20, using test pieces conforming to 7.5.4 The methods of test are those given in ISO 8533, as appropriate 7.5.2 7.5.2.1 Performance requirements Resistance to pressure excluding the end thrust When tested by the appropriate method in ISO 8533, and with reference to the nominal pressure of the piping system in which the joint is designed to be used, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.5.2.2 Resistance to pressure including the end thrust For joints intended to resist end thrust when tested by the appropriate method in ISO 8533, and with reference to the nominal pressure of the piping system in which the joint is designed to be used, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 56 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) 7.5.2.3 Resistance of the joint to bending and pressure including, if applicable, end thrust 7.5.2.3.1 General When the joints intended to be either used in buried applications, where the soils are known to have very poor properties, or where particular non-buried applications make their use appropriate, use the applicable method in either ISO 8533 or Annex A The method used shall be agreed between the purchaser and manufacturer, taking into account the foreseen installation conditions 7.5.2.3.2 Testing in accordance with ISO 8533 When subjected to a static pressure test in accordance with ISO 8533 with a test pressure equal to 1,5 times PN expressed in bars, for a time period of 15 min, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components When subjected to a static bending test in accordance with ISO 8533 using a test pressure equal to 2,0 times PN expressed in bars for a time period of 24 h, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.5.2.3.3 Testing in accordance with Annex A When tested in accordance with Annex A, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.5.3 Number of test pieces for type test purposes The number of joint assemblies to be tested for each test is one The use of the same test assembly for more than one of the tests detailed in Table 20 is permitted 7.5.4 Test pieces A test piece shall comprise a joint and two pieces of pipe such that the total laying length, L, is not less than either the values given in Table 14 or that is required to meet the requirements of the test method 57 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Table 20 —Summary of pressure tests requirements for wrapped or cemented joints Property to be tested Tests to be performed Test pressure Duration Initial leakage Initial pressure 1,5 × PN 15 External pressure differential Negative pressure −0,8 bar (−0,08 MPa) 1h Resistance to bending and a pressure Preliminary pressure 1,5 × PN 15 Maintained pressure 2,0 × PN 24 h Resistance to internal pressure Preliminary pressure 1,5 × PN 15 Maintained pressure 2,0 × PN 24 h Short duration resistance Positive cyclic pressure Atmospheric to 1,5 × PN and back to atmospheric 10 cycles of 1,5 to 3,0 each Maintained pressure 3,0 × PN or 2,5x PN 100 h a This test may alternatively be conducted in accordance with Annex A NOTE Nominal pressure (PN) is an alphanumeric designation of pressure related to the resistance of a component of a piping system to internal pressure NOTE For joints intended to resist end-thrust loads the above tests are performed with endloads applied to the joint For non-end-load-bearing joints the tests are performed without the end-loads and the thrust is transferred to other sections of the test rig 7.6 Bolted flange joints 7.6.1 General Bolted flange joints shall be tested for conformance to the test performance requirements under hydrostatic pressure detailed in 7.6.2.1 or 7.6.2.2, as appropriate and Table 21, using test pieces conforming to 7.6.4 The methods of test are those given in ISO 8483, as appropriate 7.6.2 7.6.2.1 Performance requirements Resistance to pressure excluding the end thrust When tested by the appropriate method in ISO 8483 and with reference to the nominal pressure of the piping system in which the joint is designed to be used, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.6.2.2 Resistance to pressure including the end thrust Joints intended to resist end thrust when tested by the appropriate method in ISO 8483, and with reference to the nominal pressure of the piping system, in which the joint is designed to be used, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 58 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) 7.6.2.3 Resistance of the joint to bending and pressure including, if applicable, end thrust 7.6.2.3.1 General When the joints intended to be either used in buried applications, where the soils are known to have very poor properties, or where particular non-buried applications make their use appropriate, use the applicable method in either ISO 8483 or Annex A The method used shall be agreed between the purchaser and manufacturer, taking into account the foreseen installation conditions 7.6.2.3.2 Testing in accordance with ISO 8483 When subjected to a static pressure test in accordance with ISO 8483 with a test pressure equal to 1,5 times PN expressed in bars, for a time period of 15 min, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components When subjected to a static bending test in accordance with ISO 8483 using a test pressure equal to 2,0 times PN expressed in bars for a time period of 24 h, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.6.2.3.3 Testing in accordance with Annex A When tested in accordance with Annex A, the joint shall remain leak-tight and there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 7.6.3 Number of test pieces for type test purposes The number of joint assemblies to be tested for each test is one The use of the same test assembly for more than one of the tests detailed in Table 21 is permitted 7.6.4 Test pieces A test piece shall comprise a joint and two pieces of pipe such that the total laying length, L, is not less than either the values given in Table 14 or that is required to meet the requirements of the test method 7.6.5 Joint assembly details The joint manufacturer shall supply full information on the flange, the gasket, the bolt torque, the degree and nature of the bolt lubrication, and the bolt tightening sequence: these shall be fully complied with before commencing the tests detailed in ISO 8483 7.6.6 Torque resistance When tested by the appropriate method in ISO 8483 using a factor of for the torque, and with reference to the nominal pressure of the piping system in which the joint is designed to be used, there shall be no visible damage to the assembled joint components 59 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Table 21 — Summary of tests required for bolted flange joints Test Tests Test pressure Duration Initial leakage Initial pressure 1,5 × PN 15 External pressure differential Negative pressure −0,8 bar (−0,08 MPa) 1h Resistance to bending and a pressure Preliminary Pressure 1,5 × PN 15 Maintained Pressure 2,0 × PN 24 h Resistance to internal pressure Maintained pressure 2,0 × PN 24 h Short duration resistance Positive cyclic pressure Atmospheric to 1,5 × PN and back to atmospheric 10 cycles of 1,5 to 3,0 each Maintained pressure 3,0 × PN or 2,5 x PN a 100 h This test may alternatively be conducted in accordance with Annex A NOTE Nominal pressure (PN) is an alphanumeric designation of pressure related to the resistance of a component of a piping system to internal pressure NOTE For joints intended to resist end-thrust loads the above tests are performed with endloads applied to the joint For non-end-load-bearing joints the tests are performed without the end-loads and the thrust is transferred to other sections of the test rig 60 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Annex A (normative) Test method for the resistance to bending and pressure of end-thrust loaded joints in pipe systems A.1 Principle The joint is subjected to a bending load of such a magnitude that the axial tensile stress in the pipe is equal to that developed from a pressure of 0,5 times PN [see Formula (A.1)] σ b = 0,5 0,1[PN] × (d i + e) 4e (A.1) In addition, the joint is then pressure tested for 10 cycles from atmospheric to 1,5 times PN, which then results in a total axial stress (bending plus pressure), σax, equivalent to times PN, i.e.: σ ax = 0,1[PN] × d i 2e (A.2) During the test the joint is inspected for any signs of leakage and at the end of the test the assembled joint is inspected for any visible damage A.2 Apparatus A.2.1 End-sealing devices, of size and method appropriate to the pipe system under test and anchored to the test pipes according to the requirements of the test being carried out A.2.2 Straps or cradles, supporting the pipe barrel or outside diameter of the joint and fixed at appropriate positions to provide a bending load such that they not restrain free movement of the ends The strap or cradle shall be attached to a suitable loading device The reaction points shall have no detrimental effect on the test piece A.2.3 Means of applying and measuring the required bending load, to an accuracy within ± % The required bending load to be applied through the strap or cradle is calculated in accordance with A.5 A.2.4 Source of hydrostatic pressure, capable of applying the required pressure in the test piece A.2.5 Pressure measuring device, capable of measuring the positive pressures at the top of the pipe to an accuracy within ± % 61 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) A.3 Test pieces The lengths of pipe between the end closure and the joint, which is positioned in the middle, shall be at least times DN, with a minimum of 0,5 m The joint shall be assembled in accordance with the manufacturer’s field installation instructions A.4 Test temperature The test shall be conducted at a test temperature of (23 ± 15) °C Calculation of the bending load F A.5 A.5.1 General The selection of whether to test in horizontal or vertical orientation will depend on several factors including the diameter, magnitude of the bending load and end sealing devices and support Both orientations are equally acceptable Formulas (A.5) and (A.6) are the general expressions giving all possible loadings If tested in the horizontal plane, with the pipe fully supported, Formula (A.5) reduces to Formula (A.4) If tested in the vertical plane, the own weight of the test piece including the joint, the end caps and the contained water, see Figure A.1 and Formula (A.6), are made use of, which can reduce the load F to be applied A.5.2 Calculation of F, if applied in the horizontal plane Calculate the required bending moment, Mb, using Formula (A.3) (0,1 × [PN] × (d i+ e) π (d i + 2e) − d i × × M b = σ b × S = 0,5 × 4e 32 d i + 2e (A.3) where Mb is the bending moment, in Nmm; σb is the bending stress, in N/mm2; S is the section modulus of the pipe cross section, in mm4/mm; [PN] is the value of the nominal pressure, PN, of the piping system for which the joint is designed, expressed in bars; di is the internal diameter of the corresponding pipe, in millimetres; e is the declared wall thickness of the pipe for a nominal pressure, PN, in millimetres Using the value obtained for the bending moment Mb, calculate the bending load, F, using the appropriate value for L and Formula (A.4): F= 62 4M b L (A.4) BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) A.5.3 Calculation of F, if applied in the vertical plane Calculate the required bending moment, Mb, using Formula (A.3) Using the value obtained for the bending moment, Mb, calculate the bending load, F, using the appropriate value of L and Formula (A.5), see Figure A.1: Figure A.1 F= 4M b L − (q w + q p ) ( L2 − 4c ) 4(WE × c ) + − WC L 2L (A.5) which is derived from the following Formula (A.6): Mb = (q w + qp )× L2 (F + WC ) × L + −W E ×c − (q w + qp )× c 2 (A.6) where qw is the load induced by the water, in Newtons per millimetre; qp is the load induced by the weight of the pipes, in Newtons per millimetre; F is the applied bending load, in Newtons; WC is the weight of the joint, in Newtons; WE is the weight of the end sealing device, in Newtons; L is the distance between the centre of the supports, in millimetres; c is the distance between the centre of the support and centre of the end sealing device, in millimetres 63 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) A.6 Procedure A.6.1 If the bending load is calculated in accordance with A.5.1, ensure that the test piece is supported the full length A.6.2 Fill the test piece with water and vent all entrapped air carefully A.6.3 Apply the bending load, F, determined in accordance with A.5.1 or A.5.2, as applicable A.6.4 Apply and maintain for 15 a hydrostatic pressure of 1,5 times PN A.6.5 Reduce the pressure to atmospheric pressure A.6.6 Raise the internal pressure to 1,5 times PN and reduce again to atmospheric pressure; complete the cycle in 1,5 to A.6.7 Repeat the cycle given in A.6.6 a further nine times A.6.8 During the test, inspect the joint and record any signs of leakage A.6.9 Depressurise, remove the bending load and inspect to the joint components and record any visible damage of the assembled joint A.7 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this Annex; b) full identification of the pipes and tested joints; c) nominal pressure, PN, of the pipes and joint; d) details of the jointing materials and procedures used; e) temperature range during the tests; f) description of the tests to which the joint was subjected; g) pressures applied, in bars; h) applied bending moment, Mb, in Newtons times millimetres; i) any observations on the leaktightness of the joint during the tests; j) any observations on the condition of the joint components at the end of the testing cycles; k) details of interruptions, if any, to the test sequence; 64 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) l) any factors which may have affected the results, such as incidents or operating details not specified in this European Standard; m) dates of the period of test 65 BS EN 1796:2013 EN 1796:2013 (E) Bibliography [1] EN 476, General requirements for components used in drains and sewers [2] EN ISO 2078, Textile glass — Yarns — Designation (ISO 2078) 66 This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Revisions We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based solutions Our British Standards and other publications 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