BRITISH STANDARD BS EN EN 752:2008 752:2008 Incorporating Incorporating Corrigenda Corrigendum October October 2009 2009 and November 2013 Drain and sewer systems outside buildings ICS 93.030 BS EN BS EN 752:2008 752:2008 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 752:2008 It supersedes BS EN 752, Parts to 7, which have been withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/505, Wastewater engineering A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary The British Standard contains both the text of the European Standard together with a National Annex, which gives further UK-specific guidance on the application of the European text The European Standard should therefore be read in conjunction with the National Annex and, to assist in this, cross references to the clauses in the European text are included in the headings in the National Annex This revision of EN 752 includes some important and timely changes It takes a more integrated view of sewer system management in the context of the wider urban drainage system and the wider water environment This both supports the current initiative on integrated urban drainage management in the UK and is essential for the proper implementation of the Water Framework Directive In response to climate change, the European text introduces the concept of exceedence flood risk assessment and further UK guidance on this is given in the National Annex This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of theBritish Standards Policywas and This Standard Strategy Committee published under the authority onthe 30 April 2008 Policy and of Standards Strategy Committee on 30 April 2008 © The British Standards Institution 2013 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013 © BSI 200 ISBN ISBN 978 978 00 580 580 69252 84887 92 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication 31 October 2009 Date Correction to N.A 5.8, value b Comments 31 October 2009 Correction to N.A 5.8, value b 30 November 2013 National Annex NA revised EN 752 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM January 2008 ICS 93.030 Supersedes EN 752-1:1995, EN 752-2:1996, EN 7523:1996, EN 752-4:1997, EN 752-5:1997, EN 752-6:1998, EN 752-7:1998 English Version Drain and sewer systems outside buildings Réseaux d'évacuation et d'assainissement l'extérieur des bâtiments Entwässerungssysteme außerhalb von Gebäuden This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 November 2007 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members B-1050 Brussels Ref No EN 752:2008: E BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) Foreword Contents BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) Page This document (EN 752:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 165 “Wastewater Foreword Engineering”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN Scope 10 This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical Normative references 10 text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest byTerms July 2008 and definitions 11 Objectives 19 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent 4.1 General 19 rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights 4.2 Public Health and Safety 20 4.3 Occupational Health and Safety .20 This document supersedes EN 752-1:1995, EN 752-2:1996, EN 752-3:1996, EN 752-4:1997, EN 752-5:1997, 4.4 Environmental Protection 20 EN 752-6:1998, EN 752-7:1998 4.5 Sustainable Development 20 Requirements .21 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following 5.1 Functional Requirements 21 countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech 5.1.1 Introduction 21 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, 5.1.2 Protection fromMalta, flooding .22 Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, 5.1.3 Maintainability 22 Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom 5.1.4 Protection of surface receiving waters .22 5.1.5 Protection of groundwater 22 5.1.6 Prevention of odours and toxic, explosive and corrosive gases 23 5.1.7 Prevention of noise and vibration 23 5.1.8 Sustainable use of products and materials 23 5.1.9 Sustainable use of energy 23 5.1.10 Structural integrity and design life 23 5.1.11 Maintaining the flow 23 5.1.12 Watertightness .23 5.1.13 Not endangering adjacent structures and utility services 23 5.1.14 Inputs quality 23 5.2 Determination of performance requirements for the drain and sewer system .23 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5 6.2.6 6.2.7 6.2.8 6.2.9 6.2.10 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4 6.3.5 6.3.6 6.3.7 6.3.8 Integrated Sewer System Management .26 Introduction 26 Investigation .27 Introduction 27 Purpose of investigation .28 Review of performance information 28 Determine the scope of the investigation 30 Review existing information .30 Inventory update 31 Hydraulic investigation .31 Environmental investigation .31 Structural investigation .32 Operational Investigation 32 Assessment 33 Introduction 33 Assessment of the hydraulic performance .33 Assessment of environmental impact .33 Assess structural condition .34 Assess operational performance .34 Compare with performance requirements 34 Identify unacceptable impacts 34 Identify causes of performance deficiencies 34 BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) 6.4 Developing the Plan 34 6.4.1 Introduction 34 6.4.2 Develop integrated solutions .35 6.4.3 Assess Solutions .38 Contents Page 6.4.4 Prepare action plan .39 Contents Page 6.5 Implementation 40 Foreword 6.5.1 Introduction 40 6.5.2 Carry out work .40 Foreword Scope 10 6.5.3 Monitoring performance .41 6.5.4 Scope Review 10 performance and update plan .41 Normative referencesrequirements 10 Normative 10 Health and references Safety Principles 41 Terms definitions 11 8.1 4.1 8.2 4.2 4.1 8.3 4.3 4.2 8.4 4.4 4.3 8.4.1 4.5 4.4 8.4.2 4.5 8.4.3 5.1 8.4.4 5.1.1 5.1 8.5 5.1.2 5.1.1 8.5.1 5.1.3 5.1.2 8.5.2 5.1.4 5.1.3 8.5.3 5.1.5 5.1.4 8.5.4 5.1.6 5.1.5 8.5.5 5.1.7 5.1.6 8.5.6 5.1.8 5.1.7 8.6 5.1.9 5.1.8 8.6.1 5.1.10 5.1.9 8.6.2 5.1.11 5.1.10 8.6.3 5.1.12 5.1.11 8.6.4 5.1.13 5.1.12 8.7 5.1.14 5.1.13 8.7.1 5.2 5.1.14 8.7.2 5.2 8.7.3 8.7.4 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.2.1 6.2 9.1 6.2.2 6.2.1 9.2 6.2.3 6.2.2 9.2.1 6.2.4 6.2.3 9.2.2 6.2.5 6.2.4 9.2.3 6.2.6 6.2.5 9.2.4 6.2.7 6.2.6 9.2.5 6.2.8 6.2.7 9.2.6 6.2.9 6.2.8 9.3 6.2.10 6.2.9 9.3.1 6.3 6.2.10 9.3.2 6.3.1 6.3 9.3.3 6.3.2 6.3.1 9.3.4 6.3.3 6.3.2 9.3.5 6.3.4 6.3.3 9.3.6 6.3.5 6.3.4 9.3.7 6.3.6 6.3.5 9.4 6.3.7 6.3.6 9.4.1 6.3.8 6.3.7 9.4.2 6.3.8 9.4.3 Terms definitions 11 Designand Principles 42 Objectives 19 General 42 General 19 Objectives 19 Types of systems 42 Public Health and Safety 20 General 19 Layout and profile .43 Occupational Health and Safety .20 Public Health and Safety 20 Hydraulic Design 44 Environmental Protection 20 Occupational Health and Safety .20 General 44 Sustainable Development 20 Environmental Protection 20 Foul drains and sewers .44 Sustainable Development 20 Requirements .21 Surface water drains and sewers 45 Functional Requirements 21 Requirements .21 Combined drains and sewers 47 IntroductionRequirements 21 21 Functional Environmental Considerations 47 Protection from flooding .22 Introduction 21 General 47 Maintainability 22 Protection of from flooding .22 surface receiving waters .49 Protection of surface receiving waters .22 Maintainability 22 Protection of Groundwater 49 Protection of of groundwater 22 Protection waters .22 Prevention of surface septicityreceiving 49 Prevention of groundwater 22 odours and toxic, explosive and corrosive gases 23 Protection of Combined sewer overflows and surface water treatment .50 Prevention of of odours noise and vibration 23 Prevention and toxic, explosive and corrosive gases 23 Emergency overflows 50 Sustainable use of products and materials 23 Prevention of noise and vibration 23 Structural Design .50 Sustainable use of energy 23 Sustainable use of products and materials 23 Introduction 50 Structural integrity and design life 23 Sustainable use ofofenergy 23 Structural design pipelines 51 Maintaining the flow 23 Structural integrity design life 23 design ofand other components 51 Watertightness Maintaining the 23 flow 51 23 Materials selection Not endangering adjacent structures and utility services 23 Watertightness .23 Operational Considerations .52 Inputs quality 23 Not endangering adjacent structures and utility services 23 General 52 Determination of performance requirements for the drain and sewer system .23 Inputs quality 23 Separators 52 Determination of performance requirements for the drain and sewer system .23 Self-cleansing conditions 52 Integrated Sewer System Management 26 Access to drains and sewers .53 Introduction 26 Integrated Sewer System Management 26 Investigation .27 Introduction 26 Detailed Design 53 Introduction 27 Investigation .27 Introduction 53 Purpose of investigation .28 Introduction 27 Layout and profile .53 Review of performance information 28 Purpose of investigation .28 Introduction 53 Determine the scope of the investigation 30 Review of performance information 28 Layout 53 Review existing information .30 Determine the scope of the investigation 30 Accessibility .54 Inventory updateinformation 31 Review existing .30 Depth 54 Hydraulic investigation .31 Inventory update 31 Need for pumping 55 Environmental investigation .31 Hydraulic investigation .31 Pumping Installations 55 Structural investigation .32 Environmental investigation .31 Preliminary Investigations 56 Operational Investigation 32 Structural investigation .32 General 56 Assessment 33 Operational Investigation 32 Topography 56 Introduction 33 Assessment 33 Geotechnical Survey 56 Assessment of the hydraulic performance .33 Introduction Groundwater 33 57 Assessment of impact .33 Assessment of environmental theservices hydraulic performance .33 Existing drainage 57 Assess structural condition .34 Assessment ofutility environmental impact .33 Other existing services 57 Assess operational performance .34 Assess structural condition .34 Extraneous water .57 Compare with performance requirements 34 Assess operational performance .34 Hydraulic Design 57 Identify unacceptable impacts 34 Compare with performance requirements 34 Introduction 57 Identify causes of performance deficiencies 34 Identify unacceptable impacts 34 Foul drains and sewers .57 Identify of performance deficiencies 34 Surface causes water drains and sewers 58 2 BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) 6.4 9.4.4 6.4.1 9.4.5 6.4.2 9.4.6 6.4.3 9.4.7 6.4.4 9.5 6.5 9.5.1 6.5.1 9.5.2 6.5.2 9.5.3 6.5.3 9.5.4 6.5.4 9.6 BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) Developing the Plan Combined drains and 34 sewers 58 Introduction 34 Capacity of pipelines 59 Develop integrated solutions 59 .35 Sewers with steep gradients Assess Solutions .38 Outfall Design Requirements .60 Prepare action plan .39 Environmental Considerations 60 Implementation 40 Introduction 60 Introduction 40 Outfall Design Requirements .60 Carry out work .40 Prevention of septicity 60 Monitoring performance .41 Drains and sewers near water abstraction areas .61 Review performance requirements and update plan .41 Operational Considerations 61 9.6.1 Health Introduction 61 and Safety Principles 41 9.6.2 Separators 61 42 9.6.3 Design Design Principles for self-cleansing 61 8.1 General 42 9.6.4 Access to drains and sewers .62 8.2 Types of systems 42 10 Construction Principles 63 8.3 Layout and profile .43 10.1 General 63 8.4 Hydraulic Design 44 10.2 Pipelines .44 .63 8.4.1 General 10.3 Ancillaries 63 8.4.2 Foul drains and sewers .44 8.4.3 Surface water drains and sewers 45 11 Operations and Maintenance 64 8.4.4 Combined drains and sewers 47 11.1 Introduction 64 8.5 Environmental Considerations 47 11.2 Objectives 65 8.5.1 General 47 11.3 Data requirements .65 8.5.2 Protection of surface receiving waters .49 11.4 Investigation and analysis of operational problems 66 8.5.3 Protection of Groundwater 49 12 Performance 67 8.5.4 Prevention oftesting septicity 49 8.5.5 Combined sewer overflows and surface water treatment .50 13 Qualifications and Training 67 8.5.6 Emergency overflows 50 14 Sources ofDesign .50 Additional Information 68 8.6 Structural 8.6.1 Introduction 50 Annex A (informative) Relevant EU Directives .69 8.6.2 Structural design of pipelines 51 A.1 Introduction 69 8.6.3 Structural design of other components 51 A.2 Relevant Directives 69 8.6.4 Materials selection 51 8.7 .52 Annex BOperational (informative)Considerations Sources of Additional Information 70 8.7.1 General B.1 National .52 Standards Bodies 70 8.7.2 Separators 52 B.2 Austria 70 8.7.3 conditions 52 B.2.1 Self-cleansing Regulatory Bodies .70 8.7.4 to drains and sewers .53 B.2.2 Access Other organisations 70 B.3 Denmark 71 Detailed Design 53 B.3.1 Regulatory Bodies .71 9.1 Introduction 53 B.3.2 Other organisations 71 9.2 Layout and profile .53 B.4 France 72 9.2.1 Introduction 53 B.4.1 Regulatory Bodies .72 9.2.2 Layout 53 B.4.2 Other organisations 72 9.2.3 Accessibility .54 B.5 Germany .72 9.2.4 Depth 54 B.5.1 Regulatory Bodies .72 9.2.5 Need for pumping 55 B.5.2 Other organisations 73 9.2.6 Pumping Installations 55 B.6 Ireland 73 9.3 Preliminary Investigations 56 B.7 Italy 73 9.3.1 General 56 B.7.1 Regulatory Bodies .73 9.3.2 Topography 56 B.7.2 Other organisations 73 9.3.3 Geotechnical Survey 56 B.8 The Netherlands 74 9.3.4 Groundwater 57 B.8.1 Regulatory Bodies .74 9.3.5 Existing drainage services 57 B.8.2 Other organisations 74 9.3.6 Other existing utility services 57 B.9 Norway 75 9.3.7 Extraneous water .57 B.9.1 Regulatory Bodies .75 9.4 Hydraulic Design 57 B.9.2 Other organisations 75 9.4.1 Introduction 57 B.10 Portugal 75 9.4.2 Foul drains and sewers .57 B.10.1 Regulatory Bodies .75 9.4.3 Surface water drains and sewers 58 B.10.2 Other organisations 76 BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) 9.4.4 B.11 Combined Sweden 76 drains and sewers 58 9.4.5 B.11.1 Capacity Regulatory of Bodies .76 pipelines 59 9.4.6 B.11.2 Sewers Other organisations with steep gradients 76 59 9.4.7 B.12 Outfall Switzerland 76 Design Requirements .60 9.5 B.12.1 Environmental Regulatory Bodies .76 Considerations 60 9.5.1 B.12.2 Introduction Other organisations 60 77 9.5.2 B.13 Outfall United Kingdom 77 Design Requirements .60 9.5.3 B.13.1 Prevention Regulatory of Bodies .77 septicity 60 9.5.4 B.13.2 Drains Other organisations and sewers near 79 water abstraction areas .61 9.6 Operational Considerations 61 Annex C (normative) Operations and maintenance 80 9.6.1 Introduction 61 C.1 Introduction 80 9.6.2 Separators 61 C.2 Operations planning 80 9.6.3 Design for self-cleansing 61 C.2.1 Inspection routines .80 9.6.4 Access to drains and sewers .62 C.2.2 Operations procedures .80 10 C.2.3 Construction Contingency Planning .80 Principles 63 10.1 C.3 General 63 Pipelines .81 10.2 C.3.1 Pipelines General 81 .63 10.3 C.3.2 Ancillaries 63 Functional problems 81 C.3.3 Structural problems 82 11 Operations and Maintenance 64 C.4 Manholes and Inspection Chambers .83 11.1 Introduction 64 C.5 Combined sewer overflows 83 11.2 Objectives 65 C.6 Detention tanks 84 11.3 Data requirements .65 C.7 Separators, settling chambers and gullies .84 11.4 Investigation and analysis of operational problems 66 C.8 Pumping installations 85 C.9 Inverted siphons 85 12 Performance testing 67 C.10 Pest control 86 13 Qualifications and Training 67 C.11 Making connections to existing drains and sewers 86 C.12 Sources Control of drains and sewers 87 14 ofdisused Additional Information 68 C.13 Control of building over or adjacent to sewers 87 Annex A (informative) Relevant EU Directives .69 Annex DIntroduction (normative) 69 Health and Safety 88 A.1 D.1 Safe systems of work 88 A.2 Relevant Directives 69 D.2 Training and supervision 88 Annex BHazardous (informative) Sources of Additional Information 70 D.3 atmospheres 88 B.1 National Standards Bodies D.3.1 Oxygen deficient and toxic 70 atmospheres 88 B.2 Austria 70 D.3.2 Potentially explosive atmospheres 88 B.2.1 Regulatory Bodies .70 D.4 Traffic control 89 B.2.2 Other organisations 70 D.5 Protective equipment and welfare facilities 89 B.3 Denmark 71 D.6 Emergency procedures .89 B.3.1 Regulatory Bodies .71 D.7 Temporary works .89 B.3.2 Other organisations 71 D.8 Excavation work 89 B.4 France 72 D.9 Hazardous materials 90 B.4.1 Regulatory Bodies .72 D.10 Vaccinations 90 B.4.2 Other organisations 72 Annex EGermany (normative) Hydraulic Design 91 B.5 .72 E.1 General 91 B.5.1 Regulatory Bodies .72 E.1.1 Other Introduction 91 B.5.2 organisations 73 E.1.2 Ireland Selection of Flow Simulation Method 91 B.6 73 E.2 Hydraulic calculations 92 B.7 Italy 73 E.2.1 Regulatory Velocity equations .92 B.7.1 Bodies .73 E.2.2 Other The Saint Venant equations .94 B.7.2 organisations 73 E.3 Methods of calculating runoff from small development schemes 96 B.8 The Netherlands 74 E.4 Calculation Bodies of foul wastewater flows for drain systems 97 B.8.1 Regulatory .74 E.5 Calculation of foul wastewater flows for sewer system 97 B.8.2 Other organisations 74 E.6 Combined sewer overflows 98 B.9 Norway 75 B.9.1 Regulatory Bodies .75 Annex F (normative) Pumping Installations 99 B.9.2 Other organisations 75 F.1 General 99 B.10 Portugal 75 F.2 Planning of pumping installations 99 B.10.1 Regulatory Bodies .75 F.2.1 Preliminary Considerations 99 B.10.2 Other organisations 76 BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) B.11 F.2.2 Sweden Planning 100 76 B.11.1 F.3 Regulatory Design of pumping Bodies .76 stations .101 B.11.2 F.3.1 Other Layoutorganisations 101 76 B.12 F.3.2 Switzerland 76 Wet well design 102 B.12.1 F.3.3 Regulatory External layout Bodies .76 and access .103 B.12.2 F.3.4 Other Environmental organisations impact 77 .103 B.13 F.3.5 United Structural Kingdom 77 design .103 B.13.1 F.3.6 Regulatory Maintenance Bodies .77 considerations 103 B.13.2 F.4 Other Designorganisations of rising mains 79 104 F.4.1 Principal considerations 104 Annex C (normative) Operations and maintenance 80 F.4.2 Choice of route 104 C.1 Introduction 80 F.4.3 Choice of diameter 104 C.2 Operations planning 80 F.4.4 Pressures and external loads 104 C.2.1 Inspection routines .80 F.4.5 Choice of materials 105 C.2.2 Operations procedures .80 F.4.6 Thrust 105 C.2.3 Contingency Planning .80 F.4.7 Discharge points 105 C.3 Pipelines .81 F.4.8 Control of Septicity 105 C.3.1 General 81 F.4.9 Valve chambers 105 C.3.2 Functional problems 81 F.5 Components and appliances 106 C.3.3 Structural problems 82 F.5.1 Pumps 106 C.4 Manholes and Inspection Chambers .83 F.5.2 Prime Movers and Drives 106 C.5 Combined sewer overflows 83 F.5.3 Valves 107 C.6 Detention tanks 84 F.5.4 Controls and electrical equipment 107 C.7 Separators, settling chambers and gullies .84 F.5.5 Instrumentation 108 C.8 Pumping installations 85 F.5.6 Alarms .108 C.9 Inverted siphons 85 F.6 Health and Safety .108 C.10 Pest control 86 C.11 Bibliography Making 110 connections to existing drains and sewers 86 C.12 Control of disused drains and sewers 87 C.13 Control of building over or adjacent to sewers 87 Annex D (normative) Health and Safety 88 D.1 Safe systems of work 88 D.2 Training and supervision 88 D.3 Hazardous atmospheres 88 D.3.1 Oxygen deficient and toxic atmospheres 88 D.3.2 Potentially explosive atmospheres 88 D.4 Traffic control 89 D.5 Protective equipment and welfare facilities 89 D.6 Emergency procedures .89 D.7 Temporary works .89 D.8 Excavation work 89 D.9 Hazardous materials 90 D.10 Vaccinations 90 Annex E (normative) Hydraulic Design 91 E.1 General 91 E.1.1 Introduction 91 E.1.2 Selection of Flow Simulation Method 91 E.2 Hydraulic calculations 92 E.2.1 Velocity equations .92 E.2.2 The Saint Venant equations .94 E.3 Methods of calculating runoff from small development schemes 96 E.4 Calculation of foul wastewater flows for drain systems 97 E.5 Calculation of foul wastewater flows for sewer system 97 E.6 Combined sewer overflows 98 Annex F (normative) Pumping Installations 99 F.1 General 99 F.2 Planning of pumping installations 99 F.2.1 Preliminary Considerations 99 BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) BS EN 752:2008 EN 752:2008 (E) F.2.2 Planning 100 F.3 Design of pumping stations .101 F.3.1 Layout 101 F.3.2 Wet well design 102 F.3.3 External layout and access .103 Foreword F.3.4 Environmental impact .103 F.3.5 Structural design .103 This document (EN 752:2008) has 103 been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 165 “Wastewater F.3.6 Maintenance considerations Engineering”, theofsecretariat of which is held by DIN F.4 Design rising mains 104 F.4.1 Principal considerations 104 This European shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical F.4.2 ChoiceStandard of route 104 text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the F.4.3 Choice of diameter 104 latest byPressures July 2008 and external loads 104 F.4.4 F.4.5 Choice of materials 105 AttentionThrust 105 is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent F.4.6 rights CEN [and/or points 105 CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights F.4.7 Discharge F.4.8 Control of Septicity 105 F.4.9 Valve chambers 105 This document supersedes EN 752-1:1995, EN 752-2:1996, EN 752-3:1996, EN 752-4:1997, EN 752-5:1997, F.5 Components and appliances 106 EN 752-6:1998, EN 752-7:1998 F.5.1 Pumps 106 F.5.2 Prime Movers and Drives 106 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following F.5.3 countriesValves 107 are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech F.5.4 Controls andEstonia, electrical equipment 107 Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, F.5.5 Instrumentation 108 Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, F.5.6 Sweden,Alarms .108 Switzerland and the United Kingdom F.6 Health and Safety .108 Bibliography 110 BS EN 752:2008 NA.12.6.3.3 Landings The landings and platforms and access opening arrangements should be of adequate size to accommodate at least two operatives with safety harnesses; and to minimize the risk of falling, open edges should be provided with double guardrails (i.e top- and mid-rail) and toe boards Not less than 900 mm room should be provided on any landing between the face of the steps and any wall or handrail NA.12.6.3.4 Steps Manhole steps should be Type D Class I double steps conforming to BS EN 13101:2002 with a minimum width of tread of 320 mm Manhole steps should be built into the wall at regular height intervals of between 230 mm and 300 mm The top step should be not more than 675 mm below the surface; the lowest not more than 300 mm above the benching Manhole steps should not be used for access/egress in manholes deeper than 3,0 m Manhole steps should be built into the wall at regular height intervals of between 230 mm and 300 mm The top step should be not more than 675 mm below the surface; the lowest not more than 300 mm above the benching Where covers larger than the minimum size given in Table NA.23 are used, one or more handholds should be built into the sides of the shaft beneath the cover frame Not less than 150 mm foot room should be provided behind steps when measured at the centre of the step Steps should not intrude into the flow Recessed steps or toe holes should be used in association with hand holds NA.12.6.3.5 Ladders Fixed, corrosion resistant ladders (or stairs) should be used for depths over 3,0 m Ladders should conform to BS EN 14396:2004 and should not rise more than m without provision of an intermediate platform, which should preferably break the line of the ladder Not less than 200 mm foot room should be provided behind ladders Stringers should be adequately supported from the manhole wall at intervals of not more than m Stringer supports should not be built into the wall but bolted to built-in cleats to facilitate renewal Fixed ladders should not protrude into the flow Recessed toe holes in association with hand holds, or movable sections of ladder should be used The top rung should be within 675 mm of the surface and ladders should be positioned relative to the access, so that the minimum clear opening is not obstructed 55 165 56 166 >3,0 ≥1,5 900 1050 × 800 600 × 600 1200 1200 1350 1500 1800 1200 × 1000 1200 × 1075 1350 × 1225 1500 × 1475 1800 × 1675 ≤ 225 300 375 – 450 500 – 700 750 – 900 Steps 1200 × 675 The larger of 1800 or (DN + 900) 1800 × (DN + 775) > 900 750 × 675 e) f) 1200 × 675 h) 1200 × 675 1200 × 675 1200 × 675 1200 × 675 (mm) 600 600 600 na g) (mm) Circular diameter Min clear opening size Rectangular – length and width 750 × 675 c) 1200 × 675 1200 × 750 1350 × 900 1500 × 1150 1800 × 1350 1000 d) 1200 1200 1350 1500 1800 Circular – diameter Rectangular – length and width Min internal dimensions a) ≤ 150 225 300 375 – 450 500 – 700 750 – 900 DN largest Depth to pipe pipe in soffit from manhole/means cover level of descent into (m) shaft Winch only – no steps or ladders (permanent or removable) Min clear space between the ladder/steps and the opposite face of the shaft should be approx 900 mm Generally in accordance with Safe Work in Confined Spaces – Health and Safety Commission [29] Larger opening size is required for manholes at shallower depths to permit standing/crouching Where a ladder is provided the minimum size should be increased see NA.4.3.2 and NA.4.10.2 Remarks See footnote c May be reduced to 600 mm × 600 mm or 600 diameter where the configuration of the manhole chamber permits a safe system of work May be reduced to 600 mm × 600 mm diameter where required by highway loading considerations, subject to safe system of work being specified Not applicable due to working space needed See footnote f Minimum height of chamber in shafted manhole 2m from benching to underside of reducing slab e) f) g) h) i) c) d) Chamber with a removable cover constructed on a drain or sewer to permit entry by personnel [BS EN 752, 3] The minimum size of any manhole serving a more than one property should be 1200 mm diameter or 1200 mm × 675 mm rectangular b) These sizes apply to straight-through pipes, for turning chambers or chambers with several side branches or where specific maintenance requirements are necessary, e.g disconnecting traps the minimum sizes should be increased a) Manhole shaft i) Manhole b) Type of access Table NA.23 — Recommended dimensions for the construction of new manholes and manhole shafts (with personnel entry) BS EN 752:2008 BS EN 752:2008 NA.12.6.4 Inspection chamber and manhole construction NA.12.6.4.1 General Inspection chambers and manholes should be watertight, durable and designed to minimize the risk of blockage Inspection chambers, manholes and other pipeline structures should be designed to carry the worst combination of superimposed and ground loading Foundations should be designed to carry all the imposed loads The chamber walls and base should also be designed to take into account any lateral loading and/or hydrostatic upthrust and to prevent flotation Where lampholes and deep maintenance shafts are used, they should be constructed in such a way that traffic loads on the cover are not transmitted onto the shaft, which could otherwise be pushed into the drain or sewer, e.g by bedding the cover and frame on a concrete slab separated from the shaft by sleeving Where a pipeline is built into any manhole or inspection chamber, or other structure such as a groundbeam or concrete surround, some differential settlement between the pipeline and structure is to be expected To avoid the consequent high shear loads on the pipe built-in to the structure, the first flexible joint on the pipeline should be provided as close to the face of the structure as practicable This should be within 150 mm for pipe diameters less than 300 mm A short length “rocker” pipe should be laid next before any full length pipes are used, to isolate the pipeline from small relative movements caused by differential settlement The maximum length of the rocker pipe should be as shown in Table NA.24 Short length pipes with pre-formed joints are available from manufacturers or plain-ended pipes may be cut to size Table NA.24 — Recommended maximum length of rocker pipes Nominal pipe diameter Maximum length [m] < 300 0,6 301–450 0,75 451–750 1,00 > 750 1,25 For pipe diameters greater than DN 1500, consideration should be given to the angular performance of the joints of short rocker pipes subject to significant settlement Where large differential settlements are anticipated, e.g in waterlogged soils, peat silt or made ground, the number of short length pipes should be increased Shallow gradients should be avoided in this situation, in order to minimize the possibility of deposition of solids Non-prefabricated inspection chambers and manholes that are constructed in situ should be roofed either by a concrete slab or by engineering brickwork arches and corbelling, with lintels as necessary, designed to resist dead and superimposed loads (see BS 5400-2:2006) In situ slabs should not be less than 150 mm thick Cover frames should be bedded on one, two or three courses of engineering brickwork or precast concrete adjusting units The clear opening of the cover should be not less than the clear opening in the cover slab or shaft, if applicable 57 167 BS EN 752:2008 Where practicable, the channel should be of the same material as the drain or sewer Where this is not practicable, pre-formed channels of other materials or concrete with a granolithic finish may be used Pipes should be built into manholes as construction proceeds All manholes on drains and sewers of DN 600 diameter and over should be provided with a safety chain or bar for placing across the mouth of the outgoing sewer when operatives are at work Double guardrails (i.e a top rail and mid-rail) should be provided on the edges of benching and at platforms, etc from which a person might fall into the sewer and toe-holes should be provided in the benching to allow access into the drain or sewer Inspection chambers and manholes in agricultural land should be sited, if possible, near to hedges or other boundaries of fields In low-lying agricultural land the possibility of flooding should be taken into account Consideration should be given to building the chamber up to about 600 mm above natural ground surface and mounded on all sides with earth Alternatively, the chamber may be covered with a concrete slab, the top of which should be at least 600 mm below ground level to avoid conflict with agricultural activities The burying of covers should be avoided, especially at changes of direction However, wherever a chamber is slabbed over (where a cover cannot be allowed on, or near, the surface), carefully referenced measurements need to be made to some fixed points to enable them to be located quickly and accurately Materials for construction of inspection chambers and manholes include: a) engineering brickwork; b) concrete, in situ and precast; c) plastics; d) vitrified clay; e) cast iron NA.12.6.4.2 Precast concrete An in situ concrete surround is not normally required for inspection chambers and manholes unless installed in areas of unstable ground, under conditions of flotation or where subjected to exceptional or eccentric loads (e.g construction loads), in which cases a 150 mm surround of at least 20 N/mm2 concrete should be provided; any joints should be staggered with the precast concrete joints Segmental manholes, especially those sunk as caissons, should be provided with grout holes so that voids can be filled NA.12.6.4.3 Brickwork Chambers and shafts should normally be built with solid engineering bricks in English bond but resistance to water penetration can be increased if the brickwork is built in “water” (“manhole”) bond The wall thickness should be adequate to resist external pressures due, e.g to soil and ground water but in any case not less than 200 mm Where ground water pressures are continuously high, double leaf (collar jointed) construction (see BS 5628-1) or tanking should be used to maintain water pressure resistance In granular soils above the water table, inspection chambers 900 mm or less in depth (unless in roads or other areas subject to vehicular traffic) may be built in brickwork not less than 100 mm thick Joints should be filled with well compacted mortar mm to mm thick, completely filled and flushed pointed as the work proceeds 58 168 BS EN 752:2008 Pipes through chamber walls should be bedded on mortar DN 300 or larger pipes should have either a one-brick relieving arch over the pipe to the full thickness of the brickwork, or a concrete lintel or other effective means of relieving the load NA.12.6.4.4 In situ concrete For chambers constructed of in situ concrete the thickness of the walls should be not less than that stated for brick manholes (see NA.12.6.4.3) and the concrete should be in accordance with BS 8500 The design should be in accordance with BS EN 1992-2 or BS EN 1992-3 NA.12.6.5 Channels and benching NA.12.6.5.1 General Where the benching is not precast or pre-formed, the main and branch channels should be bedded and jointed in 1:3 cement mortar, and in situ benching floated to a hard smooth surface with a high strength concrete topping laid monolithic with the benching To ensure that the channel and branch junctions are properly supported, the bedding and the benching should be laid in a single operation Where plastics channel sections are used, special care should be exercised to ensure adequate bonding with the base NA.12.6.5.2 Pre-formed thermoplastics The provisions of NA.12.6.5.1 need not apply for inspection chambers and manhole bases, which are preformed in thermoplastics materials These prefabricated bases provide improved hydraulic conditions resulting from main and branch channel geometry and configurations that incorporate a gradient throughout their length NA.12.6.5.3 Catchpits Catchpits are chambers on surface water drains and sewers installed to retain silt and constructed as manholes but without benching They are also often used on sub-soil drains, especially at the point of connection with a surface water drain or sewer The chamber floor is usually 450 mm below the invert of the outlet to form a sump and the invert of the inlet is usually 25 mm above the invert of the outlet to form a cascade for improved hydraulic efficiency NA.13 Relevant authorities NA.13.1 Introduction The different legislative arrangements in various European countries make it impossible for an EN to refer to statutory authorities by name EN 752 therefore refers to such organizations using the term “relevant authority” This national annex lists the names of those relevant authorities, which have powers relevant to this standard It gives their name and function together with the principal legislation relating to EN 752 and any published guidance The lists of legislation and published guidance are not exhaustive and other publications could be relevant 59 169 BS EN 752:2008 Where the term “Local Authority” is used, unless otherwise stated, this should be taken to mean: a) in England: the District, Metropolitan District, London Borough or (in some areas) Unitary Council; b) in Wales: the County or County Borough Council; c) in Scotland: the Unitary, or Island Council; d) in Northern Ireland: the District Council In some parts of England, functions are split between County Councils and District Councils In these areas, where a function is carried out by the County Council this is indicated The reference documents include dates, however, users should ensure that they are using the most up to date edition NA.13.2 Sewerage Undertaker NA.13.2.1 Relevant functions Provision of sewerage services including the design, construction, maintenance and operation of public sewer systems NA.13.2.2 England and Wales The Sewerage Undertaker is a company appointed by the Secretary of State for the Environment food and Rural Affairs to carry out sewerage functions in an area Guidance is available in the following published documents: — Sewers for Adoption [1]; — Civil Engineering Specification for the Water Industry [7] NA.13.2.3 Scotland Scottish Water Guidance is available in the following published documents: — Sewers for Scotland [2]; — Civil Engineering Specification for the Water Industry [7] NA.13.2.4 Northern Ireland The Sewerage Undertaker is a company appointed by the The Department for Regional Development (Northern Ireland) Guidance is available in the following published documents: — Civil Engineering Specification for the Water Industry [45] 60 170 BS EN 752:2008 NA.13.3 Building control NA.13.3.1 Relevant functions To ensure a satisfactory drainage system from a building to a point of discharge NA.13.3.2 England and Wales The Local Authority (Building Control Department) Certain functions can be delegated to approved inspectors Guidance is available in the following published document: — Building Regulations 2000, Approved Document H – Drainage and waste disposal [3] NA.13.3.3 Scotland The Local Authority (Building Control Department) Guidance is available in the following published documents: — Building (Scotland) Regulations 2005 Technical Handbook Domestic [4]; — Building (Scotland) Regulations 2005 Technical Handbook Non-domestic [5] NA.13.3.4 Northern Ireland The Local Authority (Building Control Department) Guidance is available in the following published document: — Technical Booklet N: Drainage, ISBN 0-337-08225-1 [6] NA.13.4 Water pollution control NA.13.4.1 Relevant functions Protection from pollution of all receiving water including groundwaters Control of effluent discharge into rivers and into other receiving waters NA.13.4.2 England and Wales The Environment Agency Guidance is available in the following published documents: — Urban Pollution Management Manual [33]; — The Urban Waste Water Treatment (England and Wales) Regulations 1994: a Guidance Note [34]; — Environment Agency, Policy and Practice for Protection of Groundwater GP3 Part (Under revision) [46]; — Interim Code of Practice for Sustainable Drainage Systems [9] 61 171 BS EN 752:2008 NA.13.4.3 Scotland The Scottish Environmental Protection Agency Guidance is available in the following published document: — Urban Pollution Management Manual [33] NA.13.4.4 Northern Ireland The Department of the Environment (Northern Ireland) – Environment and Heritage Service NA.13.5 Rivers and land drainage NA.13.5.1 Relevant functions Overall supervision of the management of rivers and flood defences NA.13.5.2 England and Wales The principal land drainage authority in England and Wales is the Environment Agency Internal Drainage Boards and local authorities also have some land drainage functions NA.13.5.3 Scotland The principal land drainage authority in Scotland is the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) Local authorities also have some land drainage functions NA.13.5.4 Northern Ireland The principal land drainage authority in Northern Ireland is the Environment and Heritage Service for Northern Ireland NA.13.6 Waste regulation NA.13.6.1 Relevant functions The control of disposal of waste NA.13.6.2 England and Wales The Environment Agency NA.13.6.3 Scotland The Scottish Environmental Protection Agency NA.13.6.4 Northern Ireland The Department of the Environment (Northern Ireland) – Environment and Heritage Service 62 172 BS EN 752:2008 NA.13.7 Environmental health NA.13.7.1 Relevant functions Responsible for protecting the health of the public including nuisance caused by noise and by public and defective private sewers and drains NA.13.7.2 England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland The Local Authority (Environmental Health Department) NA.13.8 Highway authority (roads authority in Scotland and Northern Ireland) NA.13.8.1 Relevant functions The construction and maintenance of highways including highway drainage, regulation of traffic and regulation of work carried out in highways NA.13.8.2 England Trunk roads: The Highways Agency (England) Other roads: Local Authority.1 Guidance is available in the following published documents: — Manual of contract documentation for highway works Vol Specification for highway works [42]; — Design Manual for Roads and Bridges [24]; — Specification for the Reinstatement of Openings in Highways [47]; — Measures Necessary where Apparatus is Affected by Major Works (Diversionary Works) [48]; — Code of Practice for Inspections [49]; — Safety at Street Works and Road Works – A Code of Practice [50]; — Code of Practice for the Co-ordination of Street Works and Works for Road Purposes and Related Matters [51]; — Code of Practice on Recording of Underground Apparatus in Streets [52] The Department of Transport publishes other advice notes and Technical Standards from time to time and its publications list should be consulted In those parts of England with separate County and District Councils this is a County function 63 173 BS EN 752:2008 NA.13.8.3 Wales Trunk roads: Welsh Assembly Government (Wales) Other roads: Local Authority.2 Guidance is available in the following published documents: — Manual of contract documentation for highway works Vol Specification for highway works [42]; — Design Manual for Roads and Bridges [24]; — Specification for the Reinstatement of Openings in Highways [47]; — Measures Necessary where Apparatus is Affected by Major Works (Diversionary Works) [48]; — Code of Practice for Inspections [49]; — Safety at Street Works and Road Works – A Code of Practice [50]; — Code of Practice for the Co-ordination of Street Works and Works for Road Purposes and Related Matters [51]; — Code of Practice on Recording of Underground Apparatus in Streets [52] The Department of Transport publishes other advice notes and Technical Standards from time to time and its publications list should be consulted NA.13.8.4 Scotland Trunk roads: The Scottish Executive Other roads: The Local Authority Guidance is available in the following published documents: — Manual of contract documentation for highway works Vol Specification for highway works [42]; — Design Manual for Roads and Bridges [24] The Codes of Practice listed in NA.13.8.2 also apply to Scotland NA.13.8.5 Northern Ireland The Department for Regional Development (Northern Ireland) – Roads Service Guidance is available in the following published documents: — Manual of contract documentation for highway works Vol Specification for highway works [42]; — Design Manual for Roads and Bridges [24] 64 174 In those parts of England with separate County and District Councils this is a County function BS EN 752:2008 NA.13.9 Occupational health and safety NA.13.9.1 Fundamental statutory principles Legal obligations are placed on employers to ensure, so far as reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare of all employees These legal obligations include the provision and maintenance of safe plant and safe systems of work and the provision of the information, instruction training and supervision, which is necessary to ensure the health and safety of employees and of others who could be affected by the work activity NA.13.9.2 England, Wales and Scotland The Health and Safety Executive publish the following guidance documents: — Approved Codes of Practice and HSE guidance supporting the above Regulations can be found at http://www.hsebooks.com — Other relevant guidance is published by the engineering institutions and trade organizations NA.13.9.3 Northern Ireland The Health and Safety Executive for Northern Ireland is sponsored by the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment The legislation is identical in its requirements to that for Great Britain Some legislation listed in NA.8.2 applies throughout the UK Where that is not the case, the regulations are similar to those for Great Britain but incorporate the text “(Northern Ireland)” in their titles Northern Ireland uses the same guidance as for Great Britain NA.13.10 Planning authority NA.13.10.1 Relevant functions Responsible for controlling development in an area NA.13.10.2 England and Wales The Local Authority (Planning Department) Guidance is available in the following published documents: — planning policy statements are available at http://www.planningportal.gov.uk NA.13.10.3 Scotland The Local Authority (Planning Department) Scottish planning policy documents are available at http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Planning/PolicyLegislation/Policy NA.13.10.4 Northern Ireland The Department of the Environment (Northern Ireland) Planning Service Planning policy statements are available at http://www.planningni.gov.uk/AreaPlans_Policy/PPS/PPS.htm 65 175 BS EN 752:2008 Bibliography [1] Sewers for Adoption, Water Services Association, 6th Edition 2006, WRc ISBN 8989 20 [2] Sewers for Scotland, 2nd Edition 2007, WRc ISBN 978 1898920 601 [3] Building Regulations 2000 Approved Document H – Drainage and waste disposal, 2002 Edition (updated 2006), HMSO ISBN 978 85946 208 Also available for download at http://www planningportal.gov.uk [4] Technical Handbook to Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 Technical Handbook – Domestic ISBN 9546292 Also available for download at http://www.sbsa.gov.uk [5] Technical Handbook to Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 Technical Handbook – Non-domestic ISBN 9546292 X Also available for download at http://www.sbsa.gov.uk [6] DOE Technical Booklet N: 1990 – Drainage Available at http://www.dfpni.gov.uk/drainage.pdf [7] HR WALLINGFORD and D I H BARR Tables for the hydraulic design of pipes, sewers and channels: 8th edition (2 volume set) Thomas Telford Ltd London 2006 ISBN 0727733850 [8] WRc Sewerage Rehabilitation Manual 4th Edition WRc 2001 ISBN 898920 40 Available at http://www.wrcplc.co.uk/srm (Note a revision is in preparation.) [9] NATIONAL SUDS WORKING GROUP Interim Code of Practice for Sustainable Drainage Systems, National SUDS Working Group, July 2004 ISBN 86017 904 Also available for download at http:// www.environment-agency.gov.uk [10] DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT Planning Policy Statement 25: Development and Flood Risk PPS25, Communities and Local Government, 2006 ISBN 978 11 753974 Also available for download at http://www.planningportal.gov.uk [11] Design and Analysis of Urban Storm Drainage: The Wallingford Procedure Volume Principles, methods and practice National Water Council, Standing Technical Committee Reports No 28 1981 Available from HR Wallingford http://www.hrwallingford.co.uk/index.aspx [12] Design and Analysis of Urban Storm Drainage: The Wallingford Procedure Volume Maps National Water Council, Standing Technical Committee Reports No 30 1981 Available from HR Wallingford [13] Design and Analysis of Urban Storm Drainage: The Wallingford Procedure Volume The modified Rational method National Water Council, Standing Technical Committee Reports No 30 1981 Available from HR Wallingford http://www.hrwallingford.co.uk/index.aspx [14] Environment Agency Groundwater Source Protections Zone Maps http://www.environment-agency gov.uk/maps/info/groundwater [15] CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY RESEARCH AND INFORMATION ASSOCIATION (CIRIA) Infiltration Drainage – Manual of Good Practice CIRIA Report 156, 1996 ISBN 978 86017 457 Available at http://www.ciria.org/acatalog/R156.html [16] BUILDING RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT Soakaway Design BRE Digest 365 1991 ISBN 86081 604 Available at http://www.brebookshop.com/details.jsp?id=844 [17] WRc, Sewerage Detention Tanks – A Design Guide, WRc 1997 ISBN 898920 38 [18] CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY RESEARCH AND INFORMATION ASSOCIATION (CIRIA) M J Hall, D L Hockin and J B Ellis Design of Flood Storage Reservoirs, 1993 ISBN 978 86017 393 [19] CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY RESEARCH AND INFORMATION ASSOCIATION (CIRIA) Source control using constructed pervious surfaces Hydraulic, structural and water quality performance issues CIRIA Report C582, 2002 Available for download at http://www.ciria.org/acatalog/c582.pdf [20] CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY RESEARCH AND INFORMATION ASSOCIATION (CIRIA) The SUDS Manual CIRIA Report C697, March 2007 ISBN 978 86017 697 Available for download at http:// www.ciria.org/downloads.htm 66 176 BS EN 752:2008 [21] BETTESS R Designing for exceedance in urban drainage – Good practice CIRIA Report C635, 2006 Available for download at http://www.ciria.org/acatalog/c635.pdf [22] SPALIVIERIO F, MAY R W Spacing of Road Gullies: Project report hydraulic performance of BS EN 124 gully gratings SR533 1999 Available at http://www.hrwallingford.co.uk/index.aspx [23] ESCARAMEIA M Hydraulic design of paved areas SR606 November 2002 Available at http://www hrwallingford.co.uk/index.aspx [24] THE HIGHWAYS AGENCY, THE SCOTTISH EXECUTIVE, THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY FOR WALES, THE DEPARTMENT FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT NORTHERN IRELAND Design Manual for Roads and Bridges Volume 4, Section Drainage Available from http://www.standardsforhighways.co.uk [25] WHIFFIN, AC, YOUNG, CP Drainage of level or nearly level roads Transport and Road Research Laboratory Report LR602, 1973 Available at http://www.trl.co.uk/store/report_detail asp?srid=4893&pid=173 [26] ESCARAMEIA M, GASOWSKI Y, MAY RWP, LO COSCIO A Hydraulic Capacity of Drainage Channels SR581 February 2001 Available at http://www.hrwallingford.co.uk/index.aspx [27] CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY RESEARCH AND INFORMATION ASSOCIATION (CIRIA) Erosion of Sewers and Drains CIRIA Report R014M, 1968 ISBN 978 901208 21 [28] CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY RESEARCH AND INFORMATION ASSOCIATION (CIRIA) Design of sewers to control sediment problems, CIRIA Report 141 ISBN 086017 443 [29] HEALTH & SAFETY COMMISSION Safe work in confined spaces, Approved Code of Practice, Regulations and Guidance HSE Books 1997 ISBN 7176 1405 [30] MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT – Technical Committee on Storm Overflows and the Disposal of Storm Sewage, Final Report, 1970 [31] BALMFORTH D J, SAUL A J, and CLIFFORDE IT Guide to the Design of Combined Sewer Overflow Structures Foundation for Water Research FR0488, 1994 [32] WaPUG – The Design of CSO Chambers to Incorporate Screens Version November 2006 WaPUG http://www.wapug.org.uk [33] FOUNDATION FOR WATER RESEARCH UPM Manual – A Planning Guide for the Management of Urban Wastewater Discharges During Wet Weather Foundation for Water Research FR/CL002, 1998 [34] The Urban Waste Water Treatment (England and Wales) Regulations, 1994: Working document for dischargers and regulators: a Guidance note DETR and the Welsh Office, 1997 [35] The Urban Waste Water Treatment (Scotland) Regulations 1994: A working document for dischargers and regulators A guidance note issued by the Scottish Office Agriculture, Environment and Fisheries Department February 1998 Available for download at http://www.sepa.org.uk/ guidance/index.htm#water [36] The Urban Waste Water Treatment Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1995: A working document for dischargers and regulators The Department Of The Environment (Northern Ireland) 1999 Available for download at http://www.ehsni.gov.uk/water/regulation_of_discharges_industrial/ reg_sewage.htm [37] COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Directive Concerning the Quality of Bathing Water (76/160/EEC) [38] COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Directive Concerning the Quality of Shellfish Waters (79/923/EEC) [39] COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Directive 2006/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the management of bathing water quality and repealing Directive 76/160/EEC [40] Materials selection manual for sewers, pumping mains and manholes Foundation for Water Research, Marlow 1993 67 177 BS EN 752:2008 [41] Specification for bedding and sidefill materials for buried pipelines, WIS 4-08-02 Available for download at http://www.wis-ign.org/downloads/WIS%204-08-02.pdf [42] HIGHWAYS AGENCY, THE SCOTTISH EXECUTIVE, THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY FOR WALES, THE DEPARTMENT FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT NORTHERN IRELAND Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works Volume Specification for Highway Works HMSO Available for download at http://www.standardsforhighways.co.uk [43] Concrete in aggressive ground (Special Digest 1), BRE 2005 ISBN 86081 754 Available at http:// www.brebookshop.com/details.jsp?id=149036 [44] Use of oil separators in surface water drainage systems Pollution prevention guideline no April 2006 Available for download at http://publications.environment-agency.gov.uk/pdf/ PMHO0406BIYL-e-e.pdf [45] Civil Engineering Specification for the Water Industry, UKWIR, 6th Edition 2004, WRc ISBN 898920 51 [46] Environment Agency, Groundwater Protection: Policy and Practice (GP3), Part (under revision) [47] DEPARTMENT FOR TRANSPORT Specification for the Reinstatement of Openings in Highways 2002 ISBN 11 552538 Available for download at http://www.dft.gov.uk/pdf/pgr/roads/network/local/ streetworks/cop/roo/ [48] DEPARTMENT FOR TRANSPORT Measures Necessary where Apparatus is Affected by Major Works (Diversionary Works) ISBN 11 551149 [49] DEPARTMENT FOR TRANSPORT Code of Practice for Inspections 2nd Edition 2002 Available for download at http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roads/network/local/streetworks/cop/ codeofpracticeforinspections [50] DEPARTMENT FOR TRANSPORT Safety at Street Works and Road Works – A Code of Practice 2nd Edition 2002 Available for download at http://www.dft.gov.uk/pdf/pgr/roads/network/local/ streetworks/cop/safetyatstreetworksandroadworks [51] DEPARTMENT FOR TRANSPORT New Roads and Street Works Act 1991: Code of Practice for the Co-ordination of Street Works and Works for Road Purposes and Related Matters 3rd Edition 2007 Available for download at http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roads/network/local/streetworks/cop/ pdfcoordstreetworksv5 [52] DEPARTMENT FOR TRANSPORT Code of Practice on Recording of Underground Apparatus in Streets 2002 Available for download at http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roads/network/local/streetworks/cop/ recordingofundergroundappara3888 68 178 blank