BSI Standards Publication BS EN 846 6 2012 Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry Part 6 Determination of tensile and compressive load capacity and load displacement characteristics of w[.]
BS EN 846-6:2012 BSI Standards Publication Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry Part 6: Determination of tensile and compressive load capacity and load displacement characteristics of wall ties (single end test) BS EN 846-6:2012 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 846-6:2012 It supersedes BS EN 846-6:2000 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/519/3, Ancillary components A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2012 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012 ISBN 978 580 69586 ICS 91.080.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2012 Amendments issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM August 2012 ICS 91.080.30 Supersedes EN 846-6:2000 English Version Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry - Part 6: Determination of tensile and compressive load capacity and load displacement characteristics of wall ties (single end test) Méthodes d'essai pour composants accessoires de maỗonnerie - Partie 6: Dộtermination de la rộsistance de traction et en compression et de la rigidité d'attaches murales (essai d'extrémité simple) Prüfverfahren für Ergänzungsbauteile für Mauerwerk - Teil 6: Bestimmung der Zug- und Drucktragfähigkeit sowie der Steifigkeit von Mauerankern (Einseitige Prüfung) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 February 2012 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 846-6:2012: E BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) Contents Page Foreword 3 Scope 4 Normative references 4 Principle 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.5 4.6 4.7 Materials 5 Timber frame elements (studs) 5 Timber frame sheathing 5 Metal frame or stud elements and concrete elements including lightweight aggregate concrete 5 Masonry units 5 Sampling 5 Testing 5 Screws, nails, grouts, plugs, slot sections or other fixing ancillary items 5 Sheathing nails 5 Concrete for slot type anchors 5 Apparatus 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Preparation and storage of test specimens 6 General 6 Timber frame 6 Other support materials 7 Ties installed into cast in slots 7 Masonry units 7 Storage 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 Procedure 7 Setting specimen in test machine 7 Test environment 8 Loading 8 Expression of results 8 Test report 8 BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) Foreword This document (EN 846-6:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 125 “Masonry”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2013 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 846-6:2000 The principal changes in this document form the previous edition relate to the number of ties to be tested, the location of the clamp during testing and the treatment of slope and movement tolerant ties Ties are to now be placed at the minimum declared embedment length rather than a length calculated from the tie length and design cavity width Ten ties are tested in tension and ten in compression In the compression tests the ties are loaded over an extended cavity, or alternatively provision is made for evaluating the cavity section by calculation Where ties are designed to tolerate either an induced slope or movement then prior to test they are cycled fifty times through the slope or movement for which they have been designed According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies a method for determining the tensile and compressive load capacity and load displacement characteristics of wall ties screwed, nailed, grouted or otherwise attached to frame elements or to inner leaf materials The test is intended for ties for connecting masonry leaves to frame structures and to the inner leaves of cavity walls other than by embedding the inner connection in a mortar joint Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 300, Oriented Strand Boards (OSB) — Definitions, classification and specifications EN 338, Structural timber — Strength classes EN 771-1, Specification for masonry units — Part 1: Clay masonry units EN 771-2, Specification for masonry units — Part 2: Calcium silicate masonry units EN 771-3, Specification for masonry units — Part 3: Aggregate concrete masonry units (Dense and lightweight aggregates) EN 771-4, Specification for masonry units — Part 4: Autoclaved aerated concrete masonry units EN 771-5, Specification for masonry units — Part 5: Manufactured stone masonry units EN 771-6, Specification for masonry units — Part 6: Natural stone masonry units EN 772-1, Methods of test for masonry units — Part 1: Determination of compressive strength EN 772-10, Methods of test for masonry units — Part 10: Determination of moisture content of calcium silicate and autoclaved aerated concrete units EN 845-1, Specification for ancillary components for masonry — Part 1: Ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets EN 206-1, Concrete — Specification performance, production and conformity Principle The tie is screwed, nailed, grouted or attached using other devices such as keys in slots, to a representative section of the frame element or inner leaf material using normal site techniques The tie is then subjected to tension or compression until failure occurs BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) Materials 4.1 Timber frame elements (studs) Timber sections shall be of coniferous timber as specified in accordance with strength class C24 of EN 338 and with a density of not greater than 600 kg/m³ and a moisture content of – 15 % by mass or as specified 4.2 Timber frame sheathing Timber frame sheathing shall be of oriented strand board (OSB) in accordance with EN 300 or an acceptable structurally equivalent alternative material as specified and should be 400 mm ± 10 mm square and at least mm thick 4.3 Metal frame or stud elements and concrete elements including lightweight aggregate concrete Representative sections of metal frame or stud elements or representative concrete samples shall be used as specified 4.4 4.4.1 Masonry units Sampling Masonry units shall be as specified in accordance with EN 771 All of the masonry units for individual tests shall be taken from the same consignment Masonry units shall be in an air dry condition, unless otherwise specified 4.4.2 Testing Determine the compressive strength of a sample of masonry units using the method given in EN 772-1 Measure the moisture content by mass of AAC or calcium silicate units in accordance with EN 772-10 For other types of units, record the method of conditioning Record the age of non-autoclaved concrete units at the time of testing the masonry specimens 4.5 Screws, nails, grouts, plugs, slot sections or other fixing ancillary items Fixing materials shall be in a clean dry uncontaminated state, either as supplied by the manufacturer or supplier for use with the tie system or as specified 4.6 Sheathing nails Sheathing nails for timber frame sheathing shall be as specified 4.7 Concrete for slot type anchors Concrete shall comply with EN 206-1 and have a minimum compressive strength class of C 20/25 or as specified BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) Apparatus 5.1 A simple support for the frame/wall element specimen such that the reactions are no closer to the tie than twice the depth of embedment or 100 mm whichever is the greater The support system shall not apply any restraint against splitting or bowing of the specimen, apart from the friction generated at the reaction due to the applied load For ties designed for large differential movements (e.g timber frame ties) the clamp system shall allow a simulated vertical differential movement to be applied (A typical arrangement is shown in Figure 1) 5.2 A clamp for gripping the free end of the tie and applying a tensile or compressive load (Typical clamps are shown in Figure 2.) NOTE Clamping failures will invalidate the deformation measurement and therefore specially designed clamps may be needed for particular tie forms The use of low melting point alloys to act as chucks is recommended for complex pressing Some frame ties will require special clamps to deal with the nailing/screwing tab 5.3 A test machine capable of applying the load without distortion such that the maximum load reading occurs above 20 % of the full scale reading The load shall be measured using a load cell device having a digital or analogue readout with a maximum error of % of the full scale reading The system shall apply an axial force to the specimen The system or universal test machine shall be fitted with a rigid connection between the clamp which is used to apply tension or compression loads and the machine cross-head or loading device, i.e any pivot ball joint or universal joint connections to the load cells shall be locked 5.4 A means of measuring the displacement of the specimen in relation to the clamp using at least two symmetrically placed dial gauges or electrical linear displacement transducers (as shown in Figure 1) Displacement shall be measured to the nearest 0,01 mm 5.5 For polymer-based (plastic) products only, a controlled temperature and humidity chamber or room which may be a chamber which fits over the specimen 6.1 Preparation and storage of test specimens General Ten specimens each for compression and tensile testing shall be prepared for testing at the declared minimum embedment length The number of specimens for each shall be doubled where both ends of asymmetrical ties are tested separately NOTE The fastening or tie should be installed approximately perpendicular to the face of the supporting material Where the design of the tie precludes this, the manufacturer's fixing instructions should be followed 6.2 Timber frame Cut or manufacture timber frame squares consisting of a piece of sheathing material fixed centrally to a length of stud by sheathing nails at 150 mm centres None of the nails shall be closer to the centre of the stud than 20 mm Fix ties to these timber frame squares using the fastenings provided with the ties and following the tie manufacturer's instructions Ties shall be located to within ± 10 mm of the centre of the timber frame square (A typical specimen is shown in Figure 3.) BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) 6.3 Other support materials Cut representative sections of studs, rails, columns or walls such that the length is at least 215 mm Fix ties or surface-mounted slot devices to them using the fastenings provided and using normal site practice or follow the tie manufacturer's instructions Ties shall be located to within ± 10 mm of the centre of the specimen 6.4 Ties installed into cast in slots Install lengths of the slot section flush against one face of a wall mould of suitable dimensions using nails or proprietary clips The slot should be a minimum of 150 mm from any edge of the wall and from any adjacent slot section Fill the whole slot section with foam plastic or use some other reliable technique to exclude concrete and laitance during setting The wall should be a minimum of 100 mm thick Fill the mould with concrete complying with the specifications given in 4.7 using vibration to ensure good compaction (Figure shows a typical slot wall specimen.) 6.5 Masonry units Use either whole or part masonry units having at least one dimension of 215 mm or greater Fix ties to them using the fastenings provided with the ties following the tie manufacturer's instructions Ties shall be located to within ± 10 mm of the centre of the unit If the units are perforated or hollow, the ties shall be secured in the area of the perforated or hollow section 6.6 Storage If fresh concrete or mortar are used take appropriate steps to prevent the test specimen from drying out during the first three days after construction, e.g by covering it with a polyethylene sheet and then leave it uncovered in a laboratory environment until tested 7.1 Procedure Setting specimen in test machine a) Load the specimen into the test system or test machine such that the tie body axial and aligned at the centre of action of the test machine where no movement tolerance or slope tolerance is specified for the particular tie system; or b) In the case where slope tolerant or movement tolerant ties are required to be tested, offset one end of the specimen over a distance which gives the maximum slope or half the maximum movement specified by the manufacturer and repeat this in both directions for fifty times; after this, offset one end of the specimen from the centre of action of the test machine or test system by a distance which gives the maximum slope or half the maximum movement specified by the manufacturer When testing in tension, the clamp may be applied to the tie at a distance from the frame, concrete or masonry equal to the cavity width at which the tie is intended to be used When testing in compression, the clamp may be applied to the tie at a distance from the frame, concrete or masonry equal to the cavity width at which the tie is intended to be used plus 15 mm Alternatively where the resistance of the anchorage is to be determined separately from the section which bridges the cavity, the clamp should be placed close to the face of the frame, concrete or masonry In the case of compression, testing a gap of approximately mm is required The distance from the clamp to the frame, concrete or masonry should be measured and recorded BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) 7.2 Test environment Carry out the tests at ambient laboratory temperature except where plastics ties or ties having plastics components resisting all or part of the load are tested when the temperature shall be 32,5 °C ± 2,5 °C for standard tests and 10 °C ± °C for tests where the loading axis is displaced before loading is commenced 7.3 Loading Apply a load smoothly at the rates given in Table up to a value not exceeding 200 N nor exceeding a maximum take-up of slack of mm After take up of slack, the load shall be backed off to a nominal positive value, e.g 10 N, and the deflection zeroed, before continuing the test procedure Reapply load smoothly at the rates given in Table 1, using the machine cross-head or hydraulic drive, either continuously, when both load and displacement are recorded continuously, or in increments, when load and/or displacement are recorded manually Record the complete load displacement curve either continuously or in not less than 10 increments to a displacement not exceeding mm If recording is by a maximum readout device, record any specific maximum values Failure shall be taken either as the peak load recorded or the load at a displacement of mm whichever is the smaller which shall be taken as the load capacity Record the mode of failure Table — Maximum loading rates and increments Anticipated minimum failure load Maximum rate of load increase Newtons (N) (N/min) 500 200 000 800 000 000 Expression of results Calculate the mean load capacity, both in tension and compression, as the arithmetic mean of the individual load capacities, to the nearest 10 N Report the mean load capacity and identify the lowest individual value of load capacity in both tension and compression Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) the number, title and date of issue of this European Standard; b) the name of the test laboratory; c) a description of the type of wall tie to EN 845-1 and any fixing device, including materials and leading dimensions; d) a description of the type of any masonry unit used, to the relevant part of EN 771; e) the material specification and section dimensions of frame elements, if used; BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) f) the specification, composition and strength of concrete elements or mortar, if used; g) the specification, composition or product name/reference number for grouting materials, if used; h) the specification, including size, and/or product name/reference number of any fixing devices used and the embedment length of the fixing in the specimen, where appropriate; i) the test load geometry, either axial or the displaced distance in mm; j) the distance from the clamp to the frame, concrete or masonry, in mm k) the load displacement curves or the load displacement data and the mode of failure for each individual specimen; l) the load capacity, to the nearest 10 N and the load at a deflection of mm for each individual specimen tested over the design cavity width in both tension and compression; m) the mean values of load capacity and the load at a deflection of mm and lowest single value of load capacity, to the nearest 10 N, from these ten results in both tension and compression; n) remarks if any BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) Key Packing piece Sheathing nail Fixing nail for tie Tie 10 Clamp Dial gauges or extensometers (not shown) fixed to side of clamp and bearing on stud through holes in sheathing 11 Sheathing Stud clamped to crosshead against packing Timber stud Displaced distance determined by the geometry of the tie and allowance for vertical movement in use Machine crosshead Figure — Timber frame tie test on a universal testing machine 10 BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) a) Screw clamp Key b) Hydraulic clamp Mounting for dial gauge or transducer Figure — Examples of clamps for load Key Sheathing nail Figure — Timber frame square specimen (Dimensions in mm) 11 BS EN 846-6:2012 EN 846-6:2012 (E) Figure — Example of concrete wall specimen for testing slot ties 12 This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Revisions We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based solutions Our British Standards and other publications are updated by amendment or revision The knowledge embodied in our standards has been carefully assembled in 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