I ÔN TẬP THI HKII – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8 I The uses of tenses (caùch söû duïng thì) 1 Caâu khaúng ñònh THÌ COÂNG THÖÙC TRAÏNG TÖØ 1 Simple Present I, We, You, They + Vo He, She, It + Vs / es ( Be > Am/ Is/[.]
ÔN TẬP THI HKII – TIẾNG ANH LỚP I The uses of tenses : (cách sử dụng thì) Câu khẳng định: THÌ CÔNG THỨC Simple Present TRẠNG TỪ -I, We, You, They + Vo -He, She, It + Vs / es ( Be -> Am/ Is/ Are ) -S + Ved / 2 Simple Past Simple Future Present Continuous Past Continuous Present Perfect -I, We + Shall + Vo -S + Will -I + Am -He, She, It + Is + V-ing -We, You, They + Are -I, He, She, It + Was -We, You, They + Were + V-I, We, You, They + Have -He, She, It + Has + Always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely, every (day, week, year, …) Yesterday, ago, in (1990), last (night, week, year,…) Tomorrow, next (week, year,…), in(2010), … Now, rightnow, at the moment, while + th/ gian tại, At present, Look !, Listen ! At (10 a.m yesterday), While + th/ gian khứ Since, for(+th/ gian), just, yet, already, ever, never, recently,… -S + Had + Ved/ Before, by the time , After, … Ved/3 Past Perfect Câu phủ định câu nghi vấn: THÌ Simple Present CÂU PHỦ ĐỊNH S + Do + Not + Vo + Does Simple Past S + Did Simple Future S + Will + Not + Vo Shall S + Am + Not + V-ing Is/ Are S + Was + Not + V-ing Were S + Have + Not + Ved/ Has S + Had + Not + Ved/ Present Cont Past Cont Present Perfect Past Perfect + Not + Vo CÂU NGHI VẤN Do + S + Vo … ? Does (V:động từ thường) Did + S + Vo … ? (V:động từ thường) Will + S + Vo … ? Shall Am + S + V-ing … ? Is/ Are Was + S + V-ing ? Were Have + S + Ved/ … ? Has Had + S + Ved/ … ? Thì đơn : +Ves động từ tận S, Sh, Ch, X, O, Z Ex: He watches T.V every night II Passive Voice: (Thể bị động) General Formation :(Công thức tổng quát) Active: Passive: từ V S + V + S + BE + Ved/ By O O + ( Ved/ = Past participle ) ( Be: chia với động câu chủ động ) Công thức thể bị động thì: Tên Hiện đơn Passive voice S + Am/ Is/ Are + Ved/ + By O Quá khứ đơn S + Was/ Were Modals ( will/ shall/ can/ may/ must/ would/ should/ could/ might …) Hiện tiếp diễn S + Will + Be + Ved/ + By O Shall Can … Quá khứ tiếp diễn S + Was/ Were + Being + Ved/ + By O Hieän hoàn thành S + Has/ Have + Been + Ved/ + By O S + Am/ Is/ Are + Being + Ved/ + By O III Comparison: ( So sánh ) So sánh bằng: AS + adj/ adv + AS + Ved/ + By O Ex: - He is as tall as his friend - John drives as carefully as Tom So sánh hơn: Short adj/ adv + -ER MORE + long adj/ adv + THAN Ex: - He is taller than his friend John drives more carefully than Tom So sánh nhất: THE + Short adj/ adv + -EST MOST + long adj/ adv Ex : - This is the longest river in the world - Spring is the most beautiful season of the year Short adj/ adv ( Tính từ ngắn/ trạng từ ngắn): đọc có aâm tieát (Ex: tall, hot, fast, …) Long adj/ adv ( Tính từ dài/ trạng từ dài ): đọc có từ hai aa6m tiết trở lên (Ex: famous, beautiful, carefully, … ) Một số ghi so sánh so sánh nhất: Tính từ ngắn: a Tận phụ âm, đứng trước nguyên âm (a, e, I, o, u) -> ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trước thêm –ER EST Ex: Hot -> Hotter -> The hottest ( Noùng) b Tận –E ta thêm –R hoaëc –ST Ex: Large -> Larger -> The largest ( Rộng) c Tận –Y, đứng trước phụ âm ta đổi –Y thành –I trước thêm -ER –EST Ex: Dry -> Drier -> The driest ( Khô) Tính từ có hai âm tiết: tận –Y, -LE, -OW, -ER dùng tính từ ngắn (tức thêm –ER hoạc –EST) Ex: Happy -> Happier -> The happiest ( Haïnh phúc) Simple -> Simpler -> The simplest ( Đơn giản) Narrow -> Narrower -> The narrowest ( Heïp) Clever -> Cleverer -> The cleverest ( Khéo léo) Một số bất qui tắc so sánh so sánh nhất: So sánh So sánh -Good -> Better -> The best ( Toát) Well -Bad Badly -Much Many -Little -Far * So sánh -> Worse -> The worst ( Xấu, tệ) -> More -> The most -> -> Less Farther Further -> -> -> The least ( Ít) The farthest ( Xa) The furthest ( Nhiều) -> So sánh không bằng: S1 + Be + short adj+ -ER + THAN + S2 MORE+ long adj S2 + Be + Not + AS + adj + AS + S1 SO Ex: - A horse is stronger than a dog -> A dog is not as strong as a horse - A car is more expensive than a bicycle expensive as a car - Iron isn’t so precious as gold than iron IV The structure: “ It’s + Adj + To infitive …” -> A bicycle isn’t so -> Gold is more precious ( Thật …) To V … + is + adj V-ing… + is + adj -> It is + adj + to V Ex:a- To lie on the beach all day is wonderful It is wonderful to lie on the beach b- Speaking English fluently is difficult It’s difficult to speak English fluently c- It’s easy to find the notice board in the hall To find the notice board in the hall is easy V Prepositions: (giới từ) ( at, in, on, of,for, about, by, up, with, without, …) Time (Thời gian) At + Ex: at o’clock In + năm Ex: in 1985 + tháng in May + mùa in Summer On + thứ tuần Ex: on Monday + tháng, ngày on September 5th + tháng, ngày, năm on April 30th, 1975 Since + thời điểm Ex: since 1990 ( hoàn thành) For + khoảng thời gian for years From to Ex: from 1995 to 2000 ( từ đến ) Place (Nơi chốn): At + nơi nhỏ, hẹp Ex: at home, at school In + nơi rộng lớn in HCM city, in England, in the world -In the middle of (ở giữa) - In front of (ở trước ) -In the centre of (ở trung tâm) - On the top of ( đỉnh) Manner (thể cách): By + phương tiện lại Ex: by car ( plane, train, ship ) By + O ( bởi, passive voice) Ex: America was discovered by Columbus 3.-On foot ( bộ) Direction – Motion ( Phương hướng- Chuyển động): In the North ( South, East, West) : phía Bắc ( Nam, Đông, Tây ) On the left ( right ) : bên trái ( phải) -From ( từ) - To ( đến ) -Into ( vaøo trong) Some expressions: -to take part ( in) : tham gia vaøo - to be interested ( in) : thích, quan tâm - to check ( in) : đăng ký - to be fond ( of) : thích - to be proud ( of) : tự hào - to remind ( of) : gợi nhớ - to even ( up) : san ( tỉ số) - to talk ( about) sth : nói - to tell ( about ) sth : kể - to look ( at) : nhìn Ngắm - to look ( for) : tìm, kiếm - to look ( after) : chăm sóc - to be good ( at) : giỏi - to be bad ( at) : dở - to be afraid ( of) : sợ, e ngại VI Gerund – Infinitive: ( động từ thêm –ING động từ nguyên mẫu ) Qui tắc chung: thông thường hai động từ cách “ TO” Ex: She wants to see her friend - Advise - Ask - Request + O + to V - Tell - Beg Ex: My mother advises me to get up early Một số ngoại lệ: Những động từ theo sau “gerund”: - Keep - Enjoy - Finish + V-ING - Prefer - Practice - Mind Ex: The children kept talking about the acrobats Những động theo sau “gerund” “ to infinitive”: - Like - Love V-ING - Hate + - Begin to V - Start Ex: Do you like reading novels ? to read Giới từ ( in, at, on,of,…) + V-ING Ex: English people are fond of watching football Thể truyền khiến ( causative form): - Have + S.O + V ( active) - Have + S.T + Ved/ ( passive) - Make + O + V Ex:- I have my brother repair my bicycle - They had their suitcases taken upstairs to their rooms - The clown made us laugh a lot Used to vaø be used to: - Used to + V : thường (ở khứ không nữa) - Be used to + V-ING: quen với Ex: - Mr Brown used to take his children to the zoo - My mother is used to getting up early MOÄT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ BẤT QUI TẮC THÔNG DỤNG St t Vo ( Nguyên mẫu ) Be Become Begin Blow Break Bring Build Buy Catch Was / Were Became Began Blew Broke Brought Built Bought Caught V3 (Quá khứ phân từ) Been Become Begun Blown Broken Brought Built Bought Caught 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Choose Come Cut Do Draw Drink Drive Eat Fall Feel Find Fly Forget Get Give Go Grow Have Hear Hold Chose Came Cut Did Drew Drank Drove Ate Fell Felt Found Flew Forgot Got Gave Went Grew Had Heard Held Chosen Come Cut Done Drawn Drunk Driven Eaten Fallen Felt Found Flown Forgotten Got / Gotten Given Gone Grown Had Heard Held Kept Knew Learnt/ learned Kept Known Learnt/ learned 30 Keep 31 Know 32 Learn V2 ( Quá khứ ) Nghóa Việt Thì, là, Trở nên Bắt đầu Thổi Đập, phá Mang đến Xây dựng Mua Bắt kịp, đuổi theo Chọn lựa Đến Cắt, chặt Làm Vẽ tranh Uống (rượu) Lái xe Ăn Té, ngã, rơi Cảm thấy Tìm thấy Bay Quên Có Cho Đi Trồng, mọc Có, dùng cơm Nghe Cầm, nắm, tổ chức Giữ Biết Học 33 Leave Left Left 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 Make Meet Pay Put Read Ring Run Say See Sell Send Sing Sit Sleep Speak Spend Made Met Paid Put Read Rang Ran Said Saw Sold Sent Sang Sat Slept Spoke Spent Made Met Paid Put Read Rung Run Said Seen Sold Sent Sung Sat Slept Spoken Spent 50 Stand 51 Steal 52 Take Stood Stole Took Stood Stolen Taken Taught Told Thought Understood Won Wrote Taught Told Thought Understood Won Written 53 Teach 54 Tell 55 Think 56 Understand 57 Win 58 Write VII So that … Rời khỏi, để lại Chế tạo, làm Gặp mặt Trả (tiền) Đặt để Đọc Reo chuông Chạy Nói Thấy, xem Bán Gửi Ca hát Ngồi Ngủ Nói Trãi qua, tiêu xài Đứng n cắp Cầm, lấy, dẫn Dạy học Kể, bảo Suy nghó Hiểu Chiến thắng Viết SO + adj/ adv + THAT + clause (quaù … đến nỗi…) Ex: Lan was very busy She couldn’t go to the movies with us -> Lan was too busy that she couldn’t go to the movies with us VIII Such that SUCH + a(n) + adj + Noun + THAT + clause Ex: a- She is a beautiful girl Everybody admires her -> She is such a beautiful girl that everybody admires her b- It was hot tea I couldn’t drink it -> It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it c- They are interesting books We want to look at them again -> They are such interesting books that we want to look at them again IX Too to Khi chủ ngữ: TOO + adj/ adv + TO Vo Ex: ( quaù ) a- She ran very slowly She couldn’t catch the train -> She ran too slowly to catch the train Khi khác chủ ngữ: TOO + adj/ adv + for O + TO Vo X Ex: The questions are very difficult We can’t answer them -> The questions are too difficult for us to answer Enough to Khi chủ ngữ: Ex: Adj/ adv + ENOUGH + To Vo ( đủ để có theå ) He is strong He can carry this table -> He is strong enough to carry this table 2.Khi khác chủ ngữ: Adj / adv + ENOUGH + for O + To Vo Ex: Those shoes are large You can wear them Those shoes are large enough for you to wear EXERCISE *Rewrite the following sentences as directed in parentheses: The weather was bad I had to stay at home ( so that) New York was a very big city Jane was lost in it (such that) The policeman ran fast He could catch the thief (enough to) The dress is so dirty She can’t wear it ( too to ) The play was interesting It attracted many people (double comparative) The house is large My family can live in it ( enough to) My grandmother is very weak She can’t lift the box (too to ) The lesson is difficult We try hard (double comparative) My neighbours are very bad persons They make noise all day (such that) 10 He spoke very fast I didn’t understand him (so that) CÁC DẠNG BÀI TAÄP I II Put the verbs in the correct forms ( tenses): Mr Alan ( work ) for that company since 1990 She ( not take ) _ music lessons last Sunday The thief ( go ) away before the police came I ( receive ) _ your letter about two weeks ago My mother always ( get ) _ up early When we came, they ( build ) a new library What you ( do) _ now ? It’s raining heavily I wish it ( stop) _ raining If you go to the party, I ( come) _ with you 10 Most children enjoy ( read ) _ picture- books Turn these sentences into Passive Voice: She can speak English Taxis and buses are taking tourists around the city _ Did he translate this novel into Vietnamese last year ? He hasn’t finished his homework yet Mr Brown doesn’t take his children to the circus today _ When did Columbus discover America ? _ Someone has just carried the Olympic torch to the stadium The interviewer will ask you a lot of questions They were cutting grass when the car stopped near the gate 10 I meet John at the bus-stop every morning III Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition: English people are fond _ football Are you interested _ picture- books ? She often stays home Sundays Don’t tell your sister _ that news The pupils often go _ school _ bicycles The first May Day meeting was held _ 1890 Are you afraid _ swimming in the sea ? My brother is good English My uncle lives _ Ho chi minh city 10 The boy was born a very rich family IV Give the correct form of the adjectives or adverbs in brackets: He is ( young ) than I am She is ( old ) _ as my sister Mary is the ( beautiful ) _ girl in her class Which is ( big ) _, France or Thailand ? Maths is ( difficult ) than History A Ford isn’t ( comfortable ) _ as a Mercedes This is the ( powerful) _ machine in the whole factory Your watch is ( good ) than mine She walks ( slowly ) as Betty 10 Nobody is ( happy ) than Jane V Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one : Mary hasn’t returned my book yet My book ……………………………………………… Her house is bigger than mine My house …………………………………………… To find a job at my age is difficult It’s ………………………………………………………… Mai is younger than Lan Lan ………………………………………………………… My parents sent me to school when I was six years old I ………………………………………………………………………………………… To get acquainted with the regulation in a new school is easy It’s ………………………………………………………………………………… A bicycle isn’t so expensive as a motorbike A motorbike ……………………………………………………………… The principle doesn’t write this letter This letter ………………………………………………… Smoking a lot is harmful It’s ………………………………………… 10 Mary is making a birthday cake in the kitchen A birthday cake ………………………………………………………… VI Read the following passage and then answer the question below : Nowadays every high-school in Ho Chi Minh city has its own library Nam’s school library is not as big as other public libraries but it is well-equipped with a variety of books On open shelves we can find such kinds of books as fiction, non-fiction, textbooks, newspapers and magazines On Saturday mornings and during the break Nam and his friends often go to the library to read books and newspapers Miss Lan, the librarian, is always at her desk to show them how to use the library cards when they want to borrow some reference books from the library The school library helps Nam and his friends a lot in their study * Questions: Is Nam’s school library smaller or bigger than other public libraries ? When Nam and his friends often go to the library ? Is the school library helpful ? PUT THE VERBS IN THE CORRECT TENSES The weather ( be )…………………… very bad yesterday My mother always ( get ) …………………… up early Tom ( see ) ……………………his classmates at the party tomorrow He ( give ) ……………………me the letter a few minutes ago They ( make ) …………………… a lot of furniture next month Peter and Alice ( learn ) …………………… French for two years You ( finish ) your …………………… homework yet Please don’t say anything while I ( learn ) …………………… my lesson Tomorrow I ( put ) …………………… our presents on that table 10 My friend ( never see ) …………………… that sight 11 My uncle ( live ) ……………………in HCM city since last year 12 He always ( stay ) …………………… in bed late on Sunday morning 13 Peter and Daisy ( be ) …………………… born in 1978 14 My sister always ( wash ) …………………… her hands before meals 15 Look! The dog ( run ) ……………………after him 16 Smith and Bobby ( read ) …………………… books at this moment 17 Tom ( repair ) …………………… his bicycle last Friday 18 Mary and I ( not watch ) …………………… TV last night 19 I ( just buy ) ……………………a new shirt 20 My brother came in while Tom and I ( play ) …………………… chess 21 Mr Pike ( work ) ……………………in this factory for ten years 22 Vietnam, Thailand and Malaysia ( be ) …………………… tropical countries 23 HCM city ( be ) ……………………the largest city in Vietnam 24 Where you ( go ) …………………… last night ? - I ( go ) …………………… to the cinema 25 What you ( ) …………………… every morning ? 26 You ever (be ) ……………………to Russia ? 27 We ( not meet ) …………………… him two days ago 28 Uncle Ho ( die ) …………………… in 1969 29 Mr Johnson ( stay ) …………………… in London now 30 How she ( go ) ……………………to school every day ? - She ( go ) …………………… to school by bicycle