Designation F2203 − 13 Standard Test Method for Linear Measurement Using Precision Steel Rule1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2203; the number immediately following the designati[.]
Designation: F2203 − 13 Standard Test Method for Linear Measurement Using Precision Steel Rule1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2203; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval 4.2 This test method should not be applied to tolerance ranges of less than mm (1⁄8 in.) when it is preferable that test error does not exceed 30 % of tolerance range See Precision and Bias Section for gage repeatability and reproducibility results Scope 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of linear dimension of flexible packages and packaging materials It is recommended for use with an allowable tolerance range of mm (1⁄8 in.) or greater based on gage repeatability and reproducibility presented in the Precision and Bias section 4.3 This test method does not address acceptability criteria These need to be jointly determined by the user and producer of the product 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard Apparatus 5.1 Precision Steel Rule: 5.1.1 Tempered steel rule in increments of 1⁄64 in., 100ths, or 1⁄2 mm 5.1.2 Steel rule should be of sufficient length to measure full dimension of interest 5.1.3 It is recommended that a calibration be performed on the apparatus used and it is certified to a recognized industry standard Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards:2 E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Packaging E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method Sampling Terminology 6.1 The number of samples tested should be adequate to be predictive of performance Caution should be taken when eliminating samples with defects as this can bias results 3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 linear dimension—the measurement of length, width or relative positions 3.1.2 parallax error—the error resulting from a change in observational relationship to a fixed position For example, looking at a measurement gage from different angles can cause variation in the reporting of that measurement Conditioning 7.1 Conditioning of the samples will depend on the material under evaluation If conditioning before testing is appropriate, normal, and desirable, refer to Specification E171 Significance and Use Procedure 4.1 This test method provides a means for measuring linear dimensions Accurate measurement of dimensions can be critical to meeting specifications and characterizing process performance 8.1 Review applicable specifications, drawings, or procedures Specify unit of measure to be used and directions related to precision requirements (for example, measure to nearest 0.5 mm, round up or down to nearest 0.5 mm, to 1⁄64 in., etc.) Depending upon the level of accuracy and visual acuity, image magnification may be an aid This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Flexible Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.20 on Physical Properties Current edition approved May 1, 2013 Published June 2013 Originally approved in 2002 Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F2203 – 02 (2012) DOI: 10.1520/F2203-13 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website 8.2 Lay sample to be measured on flat surface with sufficient color contrast to distinguish the edge of the sample Sample should lay flat and smooth without wrinkles, creases or folds Material should not be under tension when measured 8.3 Lay ruler over product or place product on top of ruler so that the characteristic to be measured can be clearly viewed and referenced to the ruler Care should be taken to properly Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 United States F2203 − 13 TABLE Description of Materials Measured in Round Robin Studies Measurement Set A B C D E F G H I J K L M Material Type Foil Web Paper Web Spunbonded Olefin Web Printed Foil Web Printed Paper Web Printed Spunbonded Olefin Web Forming Film Web Finished Pouch Finished Pouch Finished Pouch Finished Pouch Finished Pouch Finished Pouch Measurement Characteristic Web Web Web Print Print Print Width Width Width Repeat Length Repeat Length Repeat Length Web Width Dimension A Dimension B Dimension C Dimension D Dimension E Dimension F seven laboratories measuring 13 dimensional attributes of five packaging materials Materials and measurement attributes are listed in Table Measurements taken included use of steel rules scaled in inch and millimetre divisions Statistical summaries of repeatability (within a laboratory) and reproducibility (between laboratories) are listed in Tables and All test results are expressed in SI millimetre (mm) units of measure Ruler Scaling Applied in in mm in in mm 10.2 Concept of “r” and “R” in Tables and 2—If Sr and SR have been calculated from a large enough body of data, and for test results that are averages from testing specimens for each test result, then the following applies: mm in in in in in in 10.3 Repeatability “r” is the interval representing the critical difference between two test results for the same material, obtained by the same operator using the same equipment on the same day in the same laboratory Two test results shall be judged to be not equivalent if they differ by more than the “r” value for that material, in this instance approximately 0.528 mm That is, it can be expected that the same operator measuring the same sample may obtain a reading that varies by up to 0.528 mm (0.0208 or approximately 1⁄64 in.) align sample to avoid skewing errors A ruler may be set on edge along the surface rather than laid flat if the risk of parallax error is apparent 8.4 Carefully align the starting point of the measurement to the leading edge of fixed scale division on rule (Fig 1, Example A) Then measure to the end point of the characteristic Note the scale division on the ruler that corresponds to the end point of the measurement Determine the measurement by subtracting the start point measurement from the end point Record the number in the unit of measure and precision required by specification 10.4 Reproducibility “R” is the interval representing the critical difference between two test results for the same material, obtained by different operators using different equipment in different laboratories, not necessarily on the same day Two test results shall be judged to be not equivalent if they differ by more than the “R” value for that material, in this instance approximately 0.815 mm That is, it can be expected that different operators using different equipment in different laboratories may obtain readings that vary by up to 0.815 mm (0.0320 or approximately 1⁄32 in.) Report 9.1 Report the following information: 9.1.1 Lot number and source of material, date, time, location and operator of test and complete identification of materials being tested, 9.1.2 Any conditioning of the materials, 9.1.3 Any and all deviations from standard, and 9.1.4 The sampling plan and number of specimens tested along with test results 10.5 Any judgment in accordance with 10.3 or 10.4 will have approximately 95 % (0.95) probability of being correct 10.6 Bias—There are no recognized standards by which to estimate the bias of this test method 10 Precision and Bias 10.1 Precision—A research report3 describes a round robin conducted in 2001 in accordance with Practice E691, involving 11 Keywords 11.1 dimension; linear measurement; rule; scale A research report is available from ASTM International Headquarters Request RR:F02-1017 F2203 − 13 TABLE Summary of Interlaboratory Results by Measurement Set Measurement Set Average mm Repeatability Standard Deviation sr Reproducibility Standard Deviation sR 95 % Repeatability Limit r 95 % Reproducibility Limit R A B C D E F G H I J K L M 266.85 777.30 826.25 82.42 279.47 379.78 326.78 133.57 253.65 9.97 18.10 114.41 225.91 0.162 0.324 0.167 0.132 0.000 0.204 0.204 0.162 0.094 0.162 0.162 0.229 0.229 0.204 0.424 0.267 0.199 0.162 0.319 0.387 0.253 0.284 0.280 0.204 0.339 0.298 0.459 0.917 0.472 0.374 0.000 0.578 0.578 0.459 0.265 0.459 0.459 0.648 0.648 0.576 1.200 0.756 0.564 0.459 0.903 1.094 0.717 0.803 0.791 0.576 0.959 0.843 TABLE Summary of Interlaboratory Averaged Results Average Test Value Repeatability (within a laboratory) standard deviation (sr) 95 % repeatability limit (r) Reproducibility (between laboratories) standard deviation (sR) 95 % reproducibility limit (R) 284.2 mm (11.19 in.) 0.187 mm (0.0074 in.) 0.528 mm (0.0208 in.) 0.288 mm (0.0113 in.) 0.815 mm (0.0321 in.) NOTE 1—Example A and Example B begin at the leading edge of fixed scale division on rule at a point within the scale, at in or 10 mm, for example FIG Proper Alignment to Ruler Scale Divisions F2203 − 13 ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org) Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/