I n t ern at i on al I N TE RN ATI ON AL ORG AN I ZATI ON Pressu re Part s FOR S TAN OAROI Z ATl ON M E XAYH AP OAH AR vessel I to St an d ard - st eel s OP r AH H B A! &l R n ot Deri vat i on l - CTAH ~ AP TM AU H M * ORG AN l S ATl ON i n cl u d ed of @) 63 a4i Qi 4b in I S0 l on g - t i me I N TE RN ATI ON ALE DE N OR M ALI S ATI ON 2604, st ress ru pt u re propert i es Prod u i t s sou s Fi rst Li z en aci er trai n t e ed i t i on U DC Descri pt ors pou r rkci pi en t s - pressi on ne fi g u ran t pas d an s /‘ /SO 2604, Part i es I - DBri vat i on d es propri kt ks de ru ptu re 981 - 03- 01 669 452 : prol on g ke st eel s, pressu re : 620 72 251 vessel s, mech an i cal Ref propert i es, ru pt u re stress, tests, sampl i n g , test s peci m en N o I S0 3 - ( E) d i t i on i n g 8 z Pri ce bas e d on pag es Foreword I S0 ( th e I ntern ati onal nati on al st an d ards nati on al St an d ard s bod y i n terested ri g ht to an d be Org an i zat i on i nsti tu tes is in a carri ed su bj ect repres en ted n on - g overn men t al , Draft I nternati onal the m e m be r the I S0 in for I ntern ati onal an d It been wi th I S0 by before is al so the take I S0 ci rcu l ated approved by 6303 to the the was federati on devel opi n g commi t t ees h as set part t ech n i cal in th e m e m be r up h as th e g overn men t al work comm i t t ees as of I nter- E very been are I n ternati onal by bod i es bodi es of Tech n i cal in ci rcu l ated to St an dard s by Com mi t t ee N ovem ber the fol l owi n g cou n tri es Au stral i a I n di a I tal y Sou t h Ch i n a J apan Spai n Cz ech os l ovaki a Korea, De m Den m ark Korea, Rep Arab Rep of m e m ber F bod y g rou n d s : Rom an i a P Rep of of Afri ca, Rep of Swe d en Swi t zerl an d N et h erl an d s Un i ted N ew USSR Zeal an d Ki n g d om Pol an d R of th e fol l owi n g cou n t ry expres s ed di sapproval : Bel g i u m I n t ern at i on al in 7, N orway Fran ce tech n i cal I SO/TC 979 Au stri a Germ an y, Pri n t ed of org ani zati on s, accept an ce d evel oped m e m be r m e m ber Fi n l an d worl d wi de work comm i t t ee I n ternati on al thei r a Th e tech ni cal tech ni cal I SO, adopt ed approval St an dard was Eg ypt, Th e a commi t t ee l i son St an d ard s bodi es bodi es) t h rou g h wh i ch that Stan dardi zati on ) m e m be r Cou n ci l Steel , h as ou t for on for ( I S0 Swi t zerl an d Org an i zat i on for St an d ard i zat i on , 981 of the d ocu m en t on I N TERN ATI ON AL Pressu re Part s vessel I S0 STAN D ARD to st eel s - n ot i n cl u d ed Deri vat i on of in I S0 l on g - t i me 6303 - 981 ( E) 2604, st ress ru ptu re propert i es I n trod u cti on b) wh ere ag reed In th e I S0 ru l es 631 ) an d ( I SO/R pressu re as an for th e vessel s, th e draft m e an al tern ati ve st ru cti on ru l es st ress d esi g n for for of th e stati on ary st ru cti on ru ptu re in 00 boi l ers of 000 st an d ard u n fi red h is cri teri on St an d ard s val u es for wh i ch h ave to st ress th ese g i ve wi th the val u es provi d ed pressu re ru ptu re vessel in 00 rel evan t g i ven in 000 ag reed St an d ard s or h For tai n an d pu rpose a) prod u ct accord an ce h as wi t h I n tern ati onal th e th e vessel cases, that g i ven th e by b) a by a b) val i d been man u fact u red tech n i cal stri ctl y req u i remen t s of th e in su ppl i es n ecessary prod u ct n ati on al a creep st at emen t to th i s an d assu re su ppl i ed is of or test the man u fact u rer capabl e oth er resu l t s of meet i n g of for to a stan dard l on g - ti me proced u re est i mat es is to mi n i mi z e in di fferent obtai n ed to in est abl i sh of that to the on th e man u fact u ri n g t h ose th e th e qu an ti ty an d d u rati on of th e data est i mat es; in th e met h od of an al ysi n g th e data in th e assessi n g for a met h od d ata of are extrapol ati on g i ven in th e u sed in th e an al ysi s of an n ex Referen ces t ype of the I SOI R of processes steel for wh i ch 206, u sed in an al yses of creep test ru ptu re an n ex fi el d St an d ard th e val u es appl i cati on defi n es data of 831 , st eel s a Th e n eces sary for to pressu re for establ i sh steel n ot i n cl u d ed in I S0 2604, ru ptu re qu en tl y, a est i mat e both in st ren g th th e of of a t h ermal i n cl u d es n u mber of steel at el evated stati on ary boi l ers of resi d u al s ampl e s averag e st eel h i st ory an d h ave st ress d epen d s an d t race to ru ptu re u pon th e vari ou s ch emi cal el emen t s be tested stren g th in an d co m Con se- ord er the to scat - resu l ts accu racy to ru ptu re obtai n i n g sel ect ed for l on g - t i me composi t i on al t ech n i q u e 6; testi n g st ru cti on the wh i ch of to for i n cl u d i n g n u mbe r pu rposes Part s Ru l es st ress st ress proced u re ru ptu re Gen eral factors, ter of st ress st eel h ave th e Creep t emperat u res posi ti on , extrapol ati on an d ru ptu re the ru ptu re n ecessary, a) a or th e speci fi cati on obtai ned I n tern ati on al st ress wh ere composi t i on effect stat emen t of g i ven to st an d ard record s eq u i val en t Sco pe Th i s in d i fferen ces Th e ext en ded rel evan t an d were met h od is is ad equ at e remai n ed resu l ts it th e in cern ed , d ata or i n tern ati on al l y i n st an ces St an d ard; man u fact u rer oth er a) A speci fyi n g di fferen ces I SOI R th e restri cted in st ress are b) val u es of due u sed - Detai l s th e al l th ose that a) In f rom exampl e, t i mes st an d ard s St an d ard s a ( for ran g e) di fferen ces cou n tri es su ppl i ed St an d ard s, I n ternati on al m e an l on g er prod u ct s n ati on al I n tern ati on al th e st eel s di fferen t cl med speci fi es h eat- t reat men t Th e i n tern ati on al l y I ntern ati on al formi n g ru ptu re to been for bei n g l i sted an y I n tern ati on al properti es are si d eri n g wh i ch est i mat es stren g th s s ampl es tested; testi n g , in ran g es an d the in val i di t y to of mad e, th e rel ati on man n er to an d g i ve of in permi t ted th e met h od attenti on data scatt er d epen d speci fi cati on s; exten t th erefore, th e are an d of to an d in of tu rn wh i ch h eat averag e u pon s ampl es t reat men t i n fl u en ce of extrapol ati on th ese l on g - t i me fact ors th e are an d testi ng It is wh en esti mates I S0 6303- 981 ( E) Pr o ce d u r e 4 Sel ect i on of s ampl e s Test Me t h o d St re ss Exce pt f ro m as fi n i sh ed merci al l y an d prod u ct s an d sh al l su ppl i ed s ampl e s in provi d ed It th e 2, test s ampl e s man u f act u red be is in an d represen tati ve preferabl e d i ti on in of for wh i ch the the th e sh al l be h eat treated mat eri al as pr o g r amme prod u ct g oes taken d i t i on s of ru ptu re tests req u i remen t s of to i n cl u d e i n to servi ce At Du rati on each can n ot case ci rcu mst an ces be of det l s compl i e d a n ew of th e are wi t h steel ) , su ch in that part or th i s sh al l th en man u f act u ri n g th e in fu l l ( for be processes above an d cl ear h eat at the cool i n g mat eri al test s an d/or t i me in rates, sh al l sel ect ed sh al l be record ed be h el d met al l og raph i c th e fu tu re, if An in in an d i n vesti g at i on s to to of to testi n g , l oad s t h ose test in accord an ce pi eces ch osen sh o wn the in to f ro m cau se tabl e Tabl e wi t h th e each cast ru ptu re at sh al l t i me s Approxi mat e i n- su ppl y en abl e be ou t fu l l treat men t , adequ ate reserve carri ed test stan t Te st cl u d i n g be 206 d i t i on s exampl e, mad e of t emperat u re tested approxi mat i n g If sh al l I SO/R co m- speci fi ed be test test du rati on seri es of h fu rther mad e at s o me A d esi red 000 000 000 It is i mport an t prod u ces to data vari abl es Test of a) are al l owed cern ed cou n t en su re that for by th e th ose are b) th e to : Th e effects respect t aki n g to are accou n t kn own of th e of to be al so in el emen t s be i mport an t, g i ven bu t t reat men t respect appl i cabl e, : Th e effects au st en i ti si n g to speci fi cati on ( s) th e to l i mi t s vari ati on s of vari at i on s t emperat u re in sh ou l d th e by al so rate in an d permi t t ed Con si d erat i on au sten i ti si n g to wh i ch At Temperat u res l east th ree t emperat u re are l i kel y testi n g for t emperat u re sh al l th e cover steel q u i remen t in of h eat th e be treat- mat eri al s g i ven , cool i n g ran g e properti es of ten si l e speci fi cat i on ( s) be of t en si l e th e th e ma y req u i remen t s to be sh al l is recog n i zed an d that u pon th e th e 4 wh ere f ro m Avai l abl e sh al l wh i ch mai n basi s mu l t i pl es of of be th e ch osen st ress d esi g n 25 OC Th e or coveri n g ru ptu re 50 th e propert i es t emperat u res “ C, of preferabl y th e sati sfi ed a) or by It t h ose : Th e stren g t h s is l i kel y s ampl e s that factors type of a) N u mb e r are val u es test resu l t s in sh al l proced u re g i ven th e Th e asse ssme n t be asse sse d in accord an ce wi t h th e an n ex th e i n i ti al s ampl e s B an d C an d of sh al l be ass e s sme n t s mad e mad e after on seri es A compl et i on h as of been test seri es permi t t ed that thi s meet i n g re- Val i d i t y of est i mat es th e b) an d b) requ i ri n g ma y th e n ot requ i re mo s t eq u al atten ti on emph asi s, ma y d epen d Th e pol at ed Th ree exten t to d epen d s basi c on factors wh i ch th e are test data n u mbe r i n vol ved can an d be rel i abl y du rat i on : t emperat u re, of extra- the t i me tests an d st ress steel Est i mat e s avai l abl e Sampl e s wi th i n the be test t emperat u res Lo n g - t e r m of l atter It 000 t emperi n g , t emperat u re Ro o m tested test ran g e compl e t ed cl 50 000 ac- permi t t ed t h ose sh al l 30 - t ake vari at i on s l i mi t s B C wh ol e steel sel ect ed Con si d erat i on wh i ch i n cl u d i n g wi t h a met al l u rg i cal speci fi ed Heat men t , for be as maj o r 3 wi t h i mport an t el emen t s n ot th e speci fi cat i on composi t i on be pr o g r amme of vari abl es composi t i on to test th erefore speci fi cat i on ( s) , kn o wn the th e sh al l fol l owi n g Ch e mi cal ch e mi cal in s ampl e s th e that represen t at i ve of s ampl e s requ i red f rom a on requ i red mi n i mu m of three cast s f r om by sh al l the be reg arded appropri ate an d as ten tati ve n u mbe r s of u n ti l cast s an d data are du rati on s each Experi en ce su g g est s that rel i abl e extrapol ati on s ma y be man u fact u rer mad e , coveri n g temperat u re, An i n d i vi d u al man u fact u rer ma y i n cl u d e t wo or mo r e th ey s ame b) basi s of of a + seri es 25 ‘C of abou t t est s each f ro m at test of steel , the l on g est test of each seri es l east exceed i n g a fi ve cer- that tai n a) th e ran g e su ppl i ers cast s provi d ed on a h ave a co mme r ci al each su ppl i er c o mmo n rel at i on sh i p, org an i zati on h as or tri bu ted i e tech n i cal to the are part of mi n i mu m sat i sfy th e Th e du rati on A req u i remen t s of proporti on of th ese fi ve cast s sh al l th e associ at i on ; pool of data ti es wi l l be fi d en ce rel ated to wh i ch th e can exten t be of pl aced u pon extrapol ati on su ch an d, properfor th e I S0 pu rpose of ceed i n g ti on th i s I n tern ati on al approxi matel y are d e scri bed ru ptu re as properti es sh o wn in tabl e trapol ati on ” be th e extrapol ati on s above ti m e n o rmal l y wh i ch sh al l ti m e s “exten d ed are 2, Stan d ard , th ree d efi n es at wh ere th e su ppl i ed d u ra- extrapol ati on s” l i sted i n d i cates ex- mi n i mu m “exten d ed ti me wh i ch tu re an stresses sh ou l d data h ave wi th take on i n vo l ved Su ch wh i ch in “ exten d ed th e val u e s of th ey to wh i ch th e sam pl e s h ave been preci se Pre se n tati o n of resu l ts appl i ed aste ri sk accou n t speci fi cati on su ffi ci en tl y ex- re su l ts ad d i ti on , m arke d th e n ot ( El Stre ss ti me- i n te rval s Th e Val u e s th at is 6303- 981 are tabl es are th e ti me of extrapol ati on ” e sti mate d re co mme n d e d , q u an ti ty an d are averag e bu t d u rati on th ei r of th e of th e th e stre ss report on ru ptu re each tests se ri es of sh al l be tests record ed sh al l an d , tai n in d etai l s of ru pu se a) ste e l maki n g b) ch e mi cal pro cesse s, i n cl u d i n g d eoxi d ati on practi ce; test based i n cl u d i n g an al ysi s, re si d u al s an d trace cool i n g rates; el e me n ts; 5 val u es cu rve ou t “ Exten d ed h ave to stre sse s Su ch compare d A stre ss been beyon d val u e s, wi th by th e wh i ch oth er scatter extrapol ati on ” obtai n ed of ran g e are val u e s, g reater sh al l exten d i n g for th e wh i ch su bj ect are th an to sh o wn + te sts were g reater in 20 appl y parame tri c % c) th e fo rm of prod u ct wi th d etai l s carri ed d) th e test ( resu l ts Tabl e h eat treatmen t, temperatu res, Du rati on s beyon d ti me wh i ch th e e) posi ti on th e co mpo n en t; an d f) ten si l e ori en tati on properti es at of ro o m Un broken test m ay be i n cl u d ed 80 000 50000 250 000 50000 ) 30000 I if above th e l ower sampl e s in rel ati on to te rm extrapol ati on ” poi n ts an d temperatu re ) 20000 I 00000 / 50000 L I) si ze s; ti mes Val u e s “exten d ed of u n certai n ty paren th eses in wh ere m aste r 20 % scatter ban d l i mi t at th e appropri ate in h ou rs 000 30000 du rati on I S0 6303- 981 ( E) An n e x Meth o d of extrapol ati on u sed ( Th i s Th e me th o d fo rm of m ake s th e u se of a mod i fi ed ti me- temperatu re n-4 l og t - l og fo rm parameter of due an n ex th e to in fo rm s th e g en eral i zed mo re ta e) i n vo l ve s mi zati o n of d evi sed by setti n g th e u se For m o st l ecti vel y) of a parameter stan ts Men d e l so n , stre ss expon en tr = co mpu te r by Ro berts or a th e an d are opti - mod i fi e d th e at proced u re by a) Log sam pl e s th e stress/l og ti me an d i soth ermal d ata beyon d th i s poi n ts e sti m ate s is each of no g raph s ste ps are pl otted cu rves are temperatu re, d ata An y sati sfacto ry for i n d i vi d u al stru cted bu t n ot apparen tl y of of m ay Val u e s h or th e stre ss h at an d of for ru ptu re rou g h l y m axi m u m cu rve s fo rm of 300 possi bl e record ed creep spe ci fi c be d ata d ata for an y th e th e fro m are exami n ati on s mad e , g rou pi n g wh ere Mu l ti pl e u sed , th e creep ru ptu re of reg ressi on respon se scatter appropri ate, stu d i es an al ysi s vari abl es stren g th s, stu d i ed u su al l y in wi th is creep th e on e bei n g th at m ay ru ptu re o bj e cti ve of obtai n ed th e 000 fro m d) For each m al cu rve s d ata, th e d eri vi n g I) me an IO val u e s basi s fro m for By pro- of su b- step stre ss 000 stru cti n g a meth od h th e Th e g en eral n ot extrapol ate are fro m pl otted bu t 000 h of fo rm, for step cl , l og i soth er- beyon d , th e u si n g al tern ati ve ru ptu re h i g h er) d i stri bu ti on val u es seri e s so of test a ti me- me th o d s 00, each of of 000, Th e ob- u sed as a = + 6, l og (7 + b2 ( l og a) + g) Th e cu rve s to fou rth of th e d eg ree + b, ( l og pro bl em d ata of th e of ki n d wei g h ti n g , bei n g wh i ch si d ered , can can be be i mportan t d eal t wi th of th i s reason been mad e th e may fou n d of d ata rel ati ve m e an s th e d) i s freq u en tl y ( col - th at at th ere di fferen t i n fl u en ce stan ts Wh i l st certai n i so th e rmal prod u ce accu raci e s an d probl e m, on step of th e ac- is n ot u sed for it mi n i mu m d ata to be re- ru ptu re 000 of ti m e s ( i e mi n i mu m to m axi m u m ) h casts sh al l of tested sh al l exten d data to poi n ts be at at l east sh al l be 0, 25 l east 006 or h mo re at ran g i n g fro m ch o se n val u e asso ci ate d 0 an d to r T, of stan d ard d evi ati on th e stan d ard d evi ati on If th e %, val u e stan d ard h) of Th e val u e s val u e to r, T, of an d a is it be 600, th i s of are is th e a Me n d e l son , d e scri bed If expon en ts tri al val u e s l i ke l y If be it If th at is + are th e th e , th en co mpared th ese T, of si d ered m o st sh al l oppro- wi th si mi l ar, i e ch o sen ran g e (T can i n terval s been temperatu re 50 e sti mate cau se s d) of co mpu te by Larson - Mi l l er sh al l step se ri es co mpu ter h as seri e s of to u sed Larson - Mi l l er ach i e ve s th en an d th en th i s ti m e Th e s yst e m ste ps i e a sh al l TJ - go for a mi n i mu m be u se d be to exten d ed n eg ati ve (T before If up th e - T, ) Man son - Haferd eq u ati on ou tpu t of , e) , l og u sed t, th at th e in for wh i ch n eg ati ve, th e - for d evi ati on be co m e s + fro m step at are l og of of zero, is f) an d stre ss Larson - Mi l l er ch osen th e = OK is r th e 20 Th e of cu rve s ste p T, U se 600 of val u e th e mo d i fi cati on May fal = q a obtai n ed d etermi n ed fro m stan ts Man so n [sj an d are al on g d eri ved is H arve y set val u e s th an u sed cu rve s req u i remen ts ti me of an d i so th ermal se l ecti on val u e s Ro berts th e th e val u e s ti mi ze d fro m co n stan ts, d ata stre ss th e co mpu ter parameter u sed wi th an d val u es th e wi l l for i n cl u d e th e coeffi ci en ts o pti mi ze d stre ss of an d th e ti me- eq u ati on parameter C71 n Th e Th e for h ave th at amo u n ts parameter th i s ti m e s each temperatu re b, of n u mber g reater rel ati n g t of i mpo se d stre ss/l o g n ot fo rm po l yn omi al s l og It i n fl u en ce n u mber meeti n g l og to cu rve s fi tti n g , up val u e s, are i soth e rmal exami n i n g 300, temperatu re, th ese d etermi n ed l east- sq u ares an d in at te sts so th e popu l ati on l east 4) wi th i n ( or at Ru ptu re Fro m by b) Me an th ese two in tru e, ran g e be g ram m e tech n i q u es an d cu rves b) th e fol l owi n g to Th ere 20 fro m step resu l ti n g are th rou g h , of an d steel g raph s fi tted i soth ermal 000 th e bei n g cal cu l ated tai n ed of ban d parameter Me an 2) th en obj ecti ve 000, are scatter are temperatu re su b- g rou p ti me th at cu rve s pu rpose s 31 are stress/l og are Th e an d of Pre l i m i n ary perti es fou n d e l i mi n ate 2) f) ven i en t n ecessary c) mai n l y up i soth e rmal m o st stati sti cal is at i n cre me n ts fro m are is esti mati o n Th e sh al l for e l i mi n ated ran g i n g ti m e d etermi n ed val u e s It extrapol ated ti m e s l og ari th mi c are Su ch ru ptu re in eq u al it temperatu res, Th e se th e to I) test th rou g h erron eou s expl an ati on meth od i so th e rmal extrapol ati on : stag e 00 be at ran g e th ere b) to me an th e wh i ch fol l owi n g d atarl l preferred d i scre pan ci es possi bl e th e ste el s m e an l arg e cu racy temperatu re -1 fo l l ows I) is seve ral q u i remen ts Th e by ) temperatu res tech n i q u e Man so n fsj , = q for l east- sq u ares an d expon en t +l pro g ramme ru ptu re (I ) T, ) ’ th e creep effecti vel y me th od seve ral It of Stan d ard ) th at - of Man son [2 P= (T an al yses part wi th m u ch pu ter val u e maste r cu rve pro g ramme Each d ata is as co n stru cted a g raph poi n t u sed of in fro m l og th e stre ss d evel opi n g ou tpu t ag n st th e of th e th e co m - parameter maste r cu rve is I S0 pl otted th e on d eg ree N OTE - be few i n i ti al th i s of Th e in g raph wi th th e cu rve , in ord er to asse ss be u sed m aste r data n u mbe r proced u re al on g fi t obtai n ed an d in are stag es in accord an ce u n l i ke l y a) to f) to wi th req u i re may be cl au se wi l l su b- g rou pi n g , omi tted Th e d ata Wh e re n o rmal l y so th at may d i rectl y cu rve th en th e cal cu l ate co mpu ter su ffi ci en t th e to fol l owi n g to si m pl e st g) faci l i ti e s u se on e bei n g of th e o pti mi ze d an d of th e stan ts ( E) an d h) are th e val u e s 6303- 981 n ot avai l abl e, stan d ard Larson - Mi l l er fo rm s it of wi l l th e g en eral l y be parameter, meth od Bi bl i og raph y [I I I SOI TC l SC 21 M AN SO N , [31 M E N D E L S ON ,A , [ 41 M AN S ON , [ 51 H ARVE Y, R S S S , S , P , l O/E TP J am e s N 58, Cl ayto n ROB E RTS,E , AS M an d Meth o d an d Mate ri al s M AY, M Lectu re, J , of extrapol ati on I Me ch E Pro c M AN S ON , S En g i n eeri n g AS M S , Au g Co n g ress, Mate ri al s u sed in Vo l 965, 968, En g i n eeri n g recen t 78, an al yse s Part A, of I S0 creep ru ptu re d ata 993- 64 N ASA- TN - D- ASM Pu bl i cati o n Co n g re ss, 968, No AS M D8 - 0 Pu bl i cati o n No D8 - 0