Designation C361M − 16 Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low Head Pressure Pipe (Metric)1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation C361M; the number immediately following the d[.]
Designation: C361M − 16 Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe (Metric)1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation C361M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S Department of Defense A576 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain CarbonSteel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement A675/A675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, HotWrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Properties A1008/A1008M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, HighStrength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, Solution Hardened, and Bake Hardenable A1011/A1011M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength LowAlloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete C497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric) C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products C1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in the Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete C1619 Specification for Elastomeric Seals for Joining Concrete Structures D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3)) D4253 Test Methods for Maximum Index Density and Unit Weight of Soils Using a Vibratory Table Scope 1.1 This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe intended to be used for the construction of pressure pipelines with low internal hydrostatic heads generally not exceeding 375 kPa 1.2 This specification is the SI companion to Specification C361 It is compatible in technical content NOTE 1—Field tests on completed portions of the pipeline are not covered by this specification for the manufacture of the pipe but should be included in specifications for pipe laying Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards:2 A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel A82/A82M Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement (Withdrawn 2013)3 A185/A185M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for Concrete (Withdrawn 2013)3 A283/A283M Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A496/A496M Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement (Withdrawn 2013)3 A497/A497M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Deformed, for Concrete (Withdrawn 2013)3 A575 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Quality, M-Grades This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.04 on Low Head Pressure Pipe Current edition approved Sept 1, 2016 Published September 2016 Originally approved in 1978 Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C361M – 14 DOI: 10.1520/C0361M-16 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 United States C361M − 16 6.2.2 Fly Ash or Pozzolan—Fly ash or pozzolan shall conform to the requirements of Specification C618 6.2.3 Allowable Cementitious Materials—The combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete shall be one of the following: 6.2.3.1 Portland cement only, 6.2.3.2 Portland blast furnace slag cement only, 6.2.3.3 Portland pozzolan cement only, or 6.2.3.4 A combination of portland cement and fly ash or pozzolan, wherein the proportion of fly ash or pozzolan is between and 20 % by weight of total cementitious material (portland cement plus fly ash or pozzolan) D4254 Test Methods for Minimum Index Density and Unit Weight of Soils and Calculation of Relative Density 2.2 Other Standard: ACI Code 318 Standard Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete4 AISI-C10125 Terminology 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822 Classification 4.1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shall be for hydrostatic heads of 75, 150, 225, 300, and 375 kPa measured to the centerline of the pipe Designs are provided in Table and Table for the above hydrostatic heads combined with external loadings of 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 m (designated A, B, C, and D in Table and Table 2) of earth cover over the top of the pipe under specific installation conditions The specific installation conditions are covered in Appendix X1 Where the hydrostatic head, external loadings, and installation conditions vary from those given in Table and Table and Appendix X1, detailed design calculations shall be made The design criteria for Table and Table are presented in Appendix X2 6.3 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to Specification C33/C33M, except that the requirements for grading are waived Basis of Acceptance 6.5 Steel Reinforcement—Reinforcement shall consist of wire conforming to Specification A82/A82M, Specification A496/A496M, or of wire reinforcement conforming to Specification A185/A185M or Specification A497/A497M, or of bars of Grade 300 steel conforming to Specification A615/ A615M 6.4 Admixtures—Admixtures, except for air-entraining agents, shall not be added to the concrete unless permitted by the owner At the option of the manufacturer, or if specified by the owner, the concrete in precast concrete pipe placed by the cast-and-vibrated method shall contain an air-entraining agent conforming to Specification C260/C260M The amount of air-entraining agent used shall be such as will affect the entrainment of not more than % air by volume of concrete as discharged from the mixer 5.1 Acceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes shall be determined by the results of such material tests as are required in 6.2 through 6.9 by crushing tests on cured concrete cylinders, by hydrostatic pressure tests on units of the pipe, by joint leakage tests, and by inspection during or after manufacture to determine whether the pipe conforms to this specification as to design and freedom from defects 6.6 Steel for Joint Rings: 6.6.1 Steel strips for bell rings less than mm thick shall conform to Grade SS30 of Specification A1011/A1011M or Grade Designation 1012 of Specification A575 Steel that meets the requirements of AISI-C1012 for chemical components will be acceptable provided it conforms to Grade SS30 of Specification A1011/A1011M in other respects 6.6.2 Steel plate for bell rings mm or more in thickness and special shapes for spigot joint rings shall conform to Specification A36/A36M, or to Grade A of Specification A283/A283M, or to Grade Designation 1012 of Specification A576, or to Grade 50 of Specification A675/A675M Steel that meets the requirements of AISI-C1012 for chemical components will be acceptable provided it conforms to Specification A36/A36M or to Specification A283/A283M in other respects 5.2 Age for Acceptance—Pipe shall be considered ready for acceptance when they conform to the requirements, as indicated by the specified tests Materials 6.1 Reinforced Concrete—The reinforced concrete shall consist of portland cement, mineral aggregates, and water, in which steel has been embedded in such a manner that the steel and concrete act together Fly ash or pozzolan is not prohibited when used as a partial cement replacement; see 9.1 6.2 Cementitious Materials: 6.2.1 Cement: 6.2.1.1 Portland Cement—Portland cement shall conform to the requirements of Specification C150/C150M 6.2.1.2 Blended Hydraulic Cement—Blended cement shall conform to the requirements of Specification C595/C595M for Type IS portland blast furnace slag cement or Type IP portland pozzolan cement, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IP portland pozzolan cement shall not exceed 20 % by weight 6.7 Steel Castings for Fittings—Steel castings for fittings shall conform to Grade 70-36, Normalized, of Specification A27/A27M 6.8 Steel Plates and Sheets for Specials and Fittings—Steel plates for specials and fittings shall conform to Specification A36/A36M or to Grade B or C of Specification A283/A283M or Grade SS30 or SS33 of Specification A1011/A1011M or Grade SS30 of Specification A1008/A1008M Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org Available from the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut Ave NW, Suite 705, Washington D.C 20036, http://www.steel.org 6.9 Rubber Gaskets: 6.9.1 Composition and Properties—All rubber gaskets shall comply with Specification C1619 in terms of material and 75 50 75 Circular 375 57 75 Circular 450 57 75 Elliptical 60 75 Circular 525 60 75 Elliptical 63 75 Circular 600 Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 63 75 Elliptical B 66 79 140 210 280 360 220 270 340 420 340 340 400 480 490 490 490 540 650 650 650 650 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 650 650 650 650 490 490 490 490 340 340 340 390 220 230 280 330 120 170 220 270 820 820 820 850 610 610 650 770 430 460 570 700 280 380 500 620 200 310 420 540 820 820 820 820 610 610 610 620 430 430 470 550 270 320 390 470 170 240 310 390 980 980 980 1070 730 730 820 980 520 580 720 880 350 480 630 790 250 390 540 700 980 980 980 980 730 730 730 820 520 520 620 730 320 420 520 640 220 320 430 540 520 520 630 790 250 390 540 700 520 520 520 640 250 320 430 540 1140 1140 1140 1350 860 860 1020 1240 600 710 910 1130 430 600 800 1020 320 500 690 910 1140 1140 1140 1160 860 860 900 1050 600 640 790 950 390 530 680 840 280 420 570 730 610 610 800 1020 320 500 690 910 610 610 680 840 290 420 570 730 1310 1310 1360 1650 980 980 1240 1530 690 860 1110 1400 510 740 990 1280 390 610 870 1150 1310 1310 1310 1450 980 980 1110 1320 690 780 980 1200 480 660 860 1070 350 540 730 950 690 740 990 1280 390 610 870 1150 690 690 860 1070 350 540 730 950 1470 1470 1610 1990 1100 1160 1470 1850 770 1020 1330 1710 600 880 1190 1570 460 740 1060 1430 1470 1470 1470 1720 1100 1100 1310 1580 770 920 1170 1440 550 780 1030 1310 410 650 890 1170 Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 Class Layers of Reinforcement 50 Circular Type of Reinforcement Wall Thickness, mm 300 Internal Designated Dia, mm NOTE 4—The boldfaced value denotes 41.4 MPa concrete strength required 790 830 980 1140 590 740 880 1040 490 640 790 940 390 540 690 850 290 440 590 750 Inner 82 680 670 750 830 500 570 650 730 400 470 550 630 300 370 450 530 200 280 350 440 Outer Circular 780 810 830 910 590 620 720 820 430 520 630 730 330 430 540 650 230 340 450 560 690 660 640 670 510 480 530 570 350 390 440 480 250 300 340 390 160 210 250 300 Outer 107 Inner 675 82 780 880 1190 1570 460 740 1060 1430 780 780 780 850 370 440 590 750 Single Single 66 Elliptical NOTE 3—An “s” in place of a steel area indicates the pipe class is a special design requiring stirrup reinforcement Stirrups may be eliminated by changing wall thickness, main reinforcement, concrete strength, or a combination thereof NOTE 2—Designations A, B, C, and D, for class of pipe, denote 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 m of earth cover over top of pipe Figures 75, Figures 150, Figures 225, etc for class of pipe, denote hydrostatic pressure heads in kilopascals measured to centerline of pipe NOTE 1—See Appendix for specific installation conditions and design criteria conditions required in conjunction with the use of Table TABLE Design Requirements for Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe [300 to 3650 mm Diameter], Concrete Design Strength 34.5 MPa (except as noted) Steel Reinforced Yield Strength 276 MPa C361M − 16 Single Layers of Reinforcement 530 880 1260 1750 680 1030 1420 1900 860 1180 1570 2060 1220 1340 1730 2210 1630 1630 1880 2360 A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Class 69 Wall Thickness, mm Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 1630 1630 1720 2090 1220 1250 1570 1930 860 1100 1410 1780 640 940 1260 1630 490 790 1110 1470 Single 79 870 970 1150 1340 670 860 1040 1240 560 750 940 1130 450 640 830 1030 340 530 720 920 Inner 82 760 780 870 980 570 670 760 870 460 560 660 760 350 450 550 650 230 340 440 550 Outer 870 920 1080 1250 660 810 980 1150 530 700 870 1040 430 600 770 940 320 490 660 840 Inner Circular 88 750 760 740 820 910 560 630 720 810 440 520 610 700 330 420 500 600 220 310 400 490 Outer TABLE Continued 870 900 930 990 660 690 780 890 470 570 680 800 350 470 580 700 250 370 490 600 Inner 119 760 730 710 720 560 540 570 620 390 420 470 520 270 320 370 430 170 220 280 330 Outer 870 1030 1420 1900 530 880 1260 1750 Single 69 870 870 870 940 410 490 660 840 Single 88 Elliptical 1800 1800 2170 2620 1340 1530 2000 2450 950 1360 1830 2280 780 1190 1660 2110 610 1020 1490 1940 Single 72 1800 1800 2040 2530 1340 1460 1870 2360 950 1290 1700 2190 740 1120 1530 2020 570 950 1360 1850 Single 79 Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, B 960 1110 1330 1570 760 990 1220 1460 640 870 1100 1340 520 750 980 1230 400 630 870 1120 Inner 82 830 890 1010 1140 640 760 890 1020 520 640 770 900 400 520 650 780 270 400 530 670 Outer 960 1000 1180 1370 730 890 1070 1260 580 770 950 1150 470 660 840 1040 350 540 730 930 Inner Circular 94 825 840 800 900 990 620 690 780 880 470 570 670 770 360 460 550 660 240 340 440 540 Outer 960 990 1020 1140 730 760 900 1030 520 650 790 930 400 550 680 820 290 440 580 720 Inner 119 840 800 780 830 620 590 660 720 430 480 550 610 310 380 440 510 200 270 330 400 Outer 950 1190 1660 2110 610 1020 1490 1940 Single 72 950 950 950 1040 450 540 730 930 Single 94 Elliptical C361M − 16 Single Layers of Reinforcement 670 1130 1650 2150 850 1320 1840 2330 1040 1500 2030 2520 1470 1690 2210 2700 1960 1960 2400 2890 A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Class 79 Wall Thickness, mm Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 1050 1260 1530 1820 860 1130 1400 1700 720 1000 1280 1580 590 870 1150 1450 460 740 1030 1330 Inner 910 1000 1150 1310 720 870 1020 1180 580 740 890 1060 450 610 760 930 320 480 640 800 Outer 82 1050 1090 1280 1480 800 960 1160 1370 630 840 1040 1250 510 720 920 1130 380 600 800 1010 Inner 910 870 970 1080 670 740 850 960 510 620 730 840 390 500 610 720 260 380 480 600 Outer 100 Circular 900 1050 1090 1110 1250 790 840 990 1140 570 720 870 1030 440 610 760 910 330 490 640 800 Inner 79 100 Elliptical 910 870 850 910 670 650 720 800 460 530 610 680 340 420 490 570 220 300 370 450 1040 1320 1840 2330 670 1130 1650 2150 1040 1040 1040 1130 490 600 800 1010 Outer Single Single 125 TABLE Continued 1140 1340 1620 1920 910 1200 1490 1800 770 1070 1360 1670 630 930 1220 1540 490 790 1090 1410 Inner 980 1060 1220 1390 760 920 1080 1250 620 780 950 1120 480 650 810 990 340 510 680 860 Outer 88 1140 1180 1380 1600 860 1040 1250 1480 680 910 1130 1350 550 780 1000 1230 420 650 870 1100 Inner 980 940 1050 1160 730 800 920 1040 550 670 790 910 420 540 660 780 290 410 530 650 Outer 107 Circular 1140 1180 1210 1370 860 910 1080 1250 620 790 950 1130 480 660 830 1000 360 540 710 880 B 88 107 Elliptical 990 950 920 990 730 710 790 870 500 580 660 750 370 460 540 620 240 330 420 500 1130 1130 1220 1540 530 790 1090 1410 1130 1130 1130 1230 530 650 870 1100 Outer Single Single 132 Inner 975C Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 1230 1420 1720 2030 960 1270 1580 1900 810 1130 1440 1760 670 990 1300 1630 520 850 1160 1500 Inner 1060 1120 1290 1460 800 980 1150 1320 650 830 1000 1180 510 690 860 1050 360 540 720 910 Outer 94 1230 1270 1480 1720 930 1120 1350 1590 730 980 1210 1460 590 840 1080 1330 450 710 940 1190 Inner 1060 1010 1120 1250 780 860 980 1110 590 720 850 980 450 580 710 840 310 450 570 710 Outer 113 Circular 1230 1270 1300 1490 930 990 1170 1360 670 860 1040 1230 530 730 910 1100 390 590 780 970 94 113 Elliptical 1060 1020 990 1080 780 770 850 950 540 630 720 820 400 500 590 680 270 370 460 550 1210 1210 1300 1630 570 850 1160 1500 1210 1210 1210 1330 570 710 940 1190 Outer Single Single 138 Inner 1050 C361M − 16 Inner 570 930 1280 1650 720 1080 1420 1790 880 1230 1570 1930 1040 1380 1720 2070 1320 1540 1860 2220 A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Class Layers of Reinforcement Outer 1130 1210 1400 1590 860 1060 1240 1440 710 900 1090 1300 550 750 940 1150 390 600 790 1000 1320 1360 1590 1840 1000 1200 1440 1700 780 1050 1300 1560 630 910 1160 1420 480 760 1020 1290 Inner 1130 1090 1200 1330 840 920 1050 1190 630 770 910 1050 480 630 760 910 330 480 620 770 1310 1360 1410 1600 1000 1070 1270 1470 710 930 1130 1330 570 790 990 1190 430 650 850 1060 1140 1090 1060 1160 840 830 920 1020 580 680 780 880 430 540 640 750 290 400 500 610 Outer 144 Inner 1125C Outer 119 Wall Thickness, mm 97 Circular Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 119 1300 1300 1420 1790 610 930 1280 1650 1300 1300 1300 1420 610 760 1020 1290 Single Single 97 Elliptical TABLE Continued 1410 1650 2010 2380 1110 1490 1850 2230 950 1330 1690 2080 780 1170 1540 1930 620 1010 1380 1790 Inner 1200 1300 1500 1710 930 1140 1340 1550 760 970 1180 1390 590 810 1020 1240 420 650 860 1080 Outer 104 1410 1460 1720 2000 1070 1300 1570 1850 850 1140 1410 1700 690 990 1260 1550 530 830 1110 1410 Inner 1210 1160 1300 1450 890 1000 1140 1290 680 840 990 1140 520 680 830 990 360 530 680 840 Outer 125 Circular 1400 1450 1570 1800 1060 1190 1420 1650 790 1040 1270 1500 640 890 1120 1360 480 740 970 1210 1210 1160 1180 1300 890 920 1030 1150 640 760 880 1000 480 610 730 850 330 460 580 710 Outer 144 Inner 1200 125 Elliptical 104 B 1380 1380 1540 1930 650 1010 1380 1790 1380 1380 1380 1550 650 830 1110 1410 Single Single Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 1500 1780 2160 2570 1190 1600 1990 2410 1020 1430 1830 2260 840 1270 1670 2100 670 1100 1510 1950 Inner 1280 1400 1610 1840 990 1220 1440 1670 810 1050 1270 1510 640 880 1100 1350 460 710 940 1190 Outer 107 1500 1550 1830 2120 1130 1380 1670 1960 900 1210 1510 1810 730 1050 1350 1650 570 890 1190 1500 Inner 1280 1230 1370 1530 940 1050 1210 1370 720 890 1050 1210 550 720 890 1050 390 560 720 890 Outer 132 Circular 1490 1550 1670 1920 1130 1270 1520 1760 840 1110 1360 1610 680 950 1200 1460 520 790 1040 1300 1280 1230 1260 1390 950 970 1100 1230 680 810 940 1070 510 650 780 920 350 490 630 760 Outer 150 Inner 1275C 132 1470 1470 1670 2100 700 1100 1510 1950 1470 1470 1470 1650 700 890 1190 1500 Single Single 107 Elliptical C361M − 16 710 1140 1580 2030 890 1320 1740 2190 1070 1490 1910 2350 1250 1670 2080 2520 1590 1850 2260 2680 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Inner A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 Class Layers of Reinforcement 1350 1450 1680 1920 1030 1270 1500 1750 850 1090 1330 1580 670 910 1150 1410 480 730 980 1240 Outer 1580 1640 1930 2250 1200 1450 1760 2080 950 1280 1600 1920 780 1110 1430 1760 610 940 1270 1590 Inner 1360 1300 1450 1620 1000 1110 1280 1450 760 940 1110 1280 590 760 940 1120 410 590 770 950 1580 1640 1780 2040 1200 1340 1610 1880 900 1170 1450 1720 730 1010 1280 1560 560 840 1120 1400 1360 1300 1340 1480 1000 1030 1170 1310 720 860 1000 1150 550 690 840 980 380 520 670 820 Outer 157 Inner 1350 Outer 138 Wall Thickness, mm 113 Circular Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 138 1560 1560 1740 2190 740 1140 1580 2030 1560 1560 1560 1760 740 940 1270 1590 Single Single 113 Elliptical TABLE Continued 1680 1920 2360 2800 1310 1740 2180 2620 1120 1550 2000 2460 930 1370 1820 2290 740 1190 1650 2120 Inner 1420 1510 1760 2000 1080 1320 1570 1820 890 1140 1390 1640 700 950 1210 1470 510 760 1030 1290 Outer 119 1670 1730 2040 2370 1270 1520 1860 2200 1010 1340 1690 2030 830 1170 1520 1860 640 990 1340 1690 Inner 1430 1370 1530 1710 1050 1170 1350 1530 800 990 1170 1360 620 810 1000 1180 440 630 820 1010 Outer 144 Circular 1670 1730 1890 2170 1270 1420 1710 2000 950 1240 1540 1830 770 1070 1370 1660 600 890 1200 1490 1430 1370 1420 1560 1050 1090 1240 1390 760 910 1070 1220 580 730 890 1050 400 560 720 880 Outer 163 Inner 1425C 144 Elliptical 119 B 1640 1640 1820 2290 780 1190 1650 2120 1640 1640 1640 1860 780 990 1340 1690 Single Single Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 1770 2000 2460 2910 1370 1810 2270 2740 1170 1620 2090 2560 980 1430 1910 2380 780 1240 1730 2210 Inner 1500 1570 1830 2080 1130 1380 1640 1900 930 1180 1450 1710 730 990 1260 1530 530 790 1070 1350 Outer 125 1760 1820 2150 2500 1340 1600 1970 2320 1060 1410 1780 2140 870 1230 1600 1960 690 1040 1420 1790 Inner 1500 1440 1610 1800 1110 1220 1420 1610 850 1030 1240 1430 660 850 1050 1250 460 660 870 1070 Outer 150 Circular 1760 1820 2000 2290 1340 1490 1810 2110 1010 1310 1630 1940 820 1130 1450 1760 640 940 1270 1590 1500 1450 1500 1650 1110 1150 1310 1470 800 960 1130 1290 620 770 950 1110 430 590 770 930 Outer 169 Inner 1500 150 1730 1730 1910 2380 820 1240 1730 2210 1730 1730 1730 1960 820 1040 1420 1790 Single Single 125 Elliptical C361M − 16 840 1310 1840 2350 1040 1510 2030 2530 1250 1710 2220 2720 1460 1910 2410 2900 1860 2110 2610 3090 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Inner A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 Class Layers of Reinforcement 1570 1660 1940 2210 1200 1450 1740 2010 990 1250 1540 1820 780 1040 1340 1620 570 840 1140 1430 Outer 1860 1920 2290 2660 1410 1700 2100 2470 1140 1500 1900 2280 940 1300 1710 2100 740 1110 1520 1920 Inner 1580 1510 1710 1910 1160 1300 1520 1720 900 1100 1320 1530 700 900 1120 1340 500 700 930 1150 1850 1910 2130 2450 1400 1590 1940 2260 1080 1390 1750 2070 880 1200 1560 1890 690 1010 1370 1700 1580 1520 1600 1760 1160 1220 1400 1570 860 1020 1210 1380 660 830 1020 1190 460 630 820 1000 Outer 175 Inner 1575C Outer 157 Wall Thickness, mm 132 Circular Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 157 1820 1820 2030 2530 860 1310 1840 2350 1820 1820 1820 2100 860 1110 1520 1920 Single Single 132 Elliptical TABLE Continued 1950 2190 2710 3210 1520 1980 2510 3010 1300 1770 2310 2820 1090 1560 2110 2630 880 1360 1910 2450 Inner 1640 1720 2010 2290 1250 1510 1810 2090 1030 1290 1600 1890 810 1080 1390 1690 600 870 1190 1490 Outer 138 1950 2010 2400 2790 1470 1770 2200 2590 1190 1570 2000 2400 990 1370 1800 2210 780 1160 1610 2020 Inner 1650 1590 1790 2000 1210 1360 1590 1800 940 1150 1380 1600 730 940 1180 1400 530 740 980 1210 Outer 163 Circular 1940 2000 2240 2570 1470 1670 2040 2380 1140 1460 1840 2190 930 1260 1650 1990 730 1060 1450 1800 1650 1590 1680 1850 1210 1280 1470 1650 900 1070 1270 1460 690 870 1070 1260 490 670 870 1060 Outer 182 Inner 1650 163 Elliptical 138 B 1900 1900 2110 2630 900 1360 1910 2450 1900 1900 1900 2210 900 1160 1610 2020 Single Single Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 2040 2270 2820 3330 1580 2050 2610 3130 1360 1840 2400 2930 1140 1620 2200 2740 920 1410 1990 2540 Inner 1720 1780 2090 2380 1300 1560 1880 2170 1070 1340 1660 1960 850 1120 1450 1750 620 910 1240 1550 Outer 144 2040 2100 2510 2920 1540 1850 2300 2710 1250 1640 2100 2510 1040 1430 1890 2310 820 1220 1690 2120 Inner 1720 1660 1870 2090 1270 1420 1660 1890 990 1200 1450 1680 770 990 1240 1470 550 770 1030 1270 Outer 169 Circular 2030 2100 2350 2700 1540 1750 2140 2500 1200 1540 1940 2300 980 1330 1730 2100 770 1120 1530 1900 1720 1660 1760 1940 1270 1340 1550 1740 940 1120 1340 1530 730 910 1130 1330 520 700 920 1120 Outer 188 Inner 1725C 169 1990 1990 2200 2740 940 1410 1990 2540 1990 1990 1990 2310 940 1220 1690 2120 Single Single 144 Elliptical C361M − 16 Inner 1020 1550 2210 2830 1260 1790 2430 3040 1500 2020 2660 3250 1740 2260 2880 3470 2130 2490 3110 3690 A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Class Layers of Reinforcement Outer 1790 1950 2300 2620 1420 1710 2070 2390 1180 1470 1830 2160 930 1230 1600 1940 690 1000 1370 1720 2130 2260 2750 3200 1610 2020 2530 2980 1370 1790 2310 2770 1140 1570 2080 2550 910 1340 1860 2340 Inner 1790 1780 2050 2290 1320 1540 1820 2070 1080 1310 1590 1840 850 1080 1360 1620 610 850 1140 1400 2130 2190 2570 2960 1610 1900 2350 2740 1310 1680 2120 2520 1080 1450 1900 2310 850 1230 1690 2100 Inner 1800 Outer 175 Wall Thickness, mm 150 Circular Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 194 1790 1730 1910 2120 1320 1450 1690 1900 1030 1220 1460 1680 800 1000 1240 1460 570 770 1020 1240 Outer TABLE Continued 2080 2080 2430 3040 1020 1550 2210 2830 Single 150 2080 2080 2080 2550 980 1340 1860 2340 Single 175 Elliptical 2310 2660 3320 3930 1880 2410 3080 3700 1620 2160 2840 3470 1370 1910 2600 3250 1110 1660 2370 3020 Inner 163 1930 2080 2450 2790 1530 1820 2200 2550 1270 1570 1960 2310 1010 1320 1710 2070 750 1060 1470 1840 Outer 2310 2430 2970 3470 1750 2190 2730 3230 1500 1940 2490 3000 1250 1700 2260 2770 1000 1460 2020 2550 Inner 188 1940 1910 2210 2480 1430 1660 1960 2240 1170 1410 1720 2000 920 1170 1480 1760 670 920 1240 1530 Outer Circular 1950 Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, B 2310 2370 2780 3220 1750 2070 2540 2990 1430 1820 2310 2760 1190 1580 2070 2530 940 1340 1840 2300 Inner 207 1940 1870 2070 2310 1430 1570 1830 2070 1120 1330 1590 1830 870 1090 1350 1600 630 840 1110 1360 Outer 2500 2830 3510 4150 2020 2560 3250 3890 1750 2300 3000 3650 1480 2040 2750 3400 1210 1780 2500 3150 Inner 175 2080 2210 2590 2960 1630 1940 2330 2690 1360 1670 2070 2440 1080 1400 1810 2180 810 1140 1550 1920 Outer 2490 2610 3170 3730 1890 2350 2920 3490 1630 2090 2670 3240 1360 1830 2420 3000 1100 1580 2170 2760 Inner 200 2080 2050 2360 2660 1530 1790 2100 2410 1270 1520 1840 2160 1000 1260 1580 1910 730 1000 1330 1660 Outer Circular 2100 2490 2560 2990 3490 1890 2230 2740 3240 1560 1980 2480 3000 1300 1720 2230 2760 1040 1460 1990 2520 Inner 219 2080 2010 2230 2490 1530 1700 1970 2240 1210 1440 1710 1990 950 1180 1460 1740 690 920 1200 1490 Outer C361M − 16 10 1590 2170 2900 3620 1880 2450 3160 3880 2160 2730 3430 4140 2680 3010 3700 4410 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 2220 2350 2740 3140 1740 2060 2460 2860 1450 1780 2180 2590 1160 1490 1910 2320 880 1210 1630 2050 Outer 2680 2900 3530 4210 2100 2620 3260 3950 1810 2340 2990 3690 1530 2060 2720 3440 1250 1790 2460 3190 Inner 2220 2260 2620 2990 1690 1980 2340 2720 1400 1700 2060 2450 1120 1420 1790 2190 830 1140 1520 1930 Outer 200 2860 3190 3900 4670 2310 2900 3620 4400 2010 2600 3340 4120 1710 2310 3060 3850 1410 2020 2780 3580 Inner 2360 2490 2890 3320 1850 2180 2590 3030 1550 1880 2300 2750 1240 1590 2010 2460 940 1290 1720 2180 Outer 200 2860 3080 3740 4810 2250 2790 3450 4210 1950 2500 3170 3940 1650 2210 2890 3670 1360 1920 2610 3410 Inner Circular 2400 Continued 2370 2410 2770 3180 1800 2110 2480 2900 1500 1810 2190 2620 1200 1510 1900 2340 900 1220 1610 2060 Outer 213 3050 3380 4110 4950 2470 3070 3810 4660 2150 2760 3520 4370 1830 2460 3220 4080 1520 2160 2930 3790 Inner 2510 2630 3040 3510 1970 2310 2730 3210 1650 2000 2420 2910 1330 1680 2120 2610 1010 1370 1820 2310 Outer 213 3050 3280 3950 4730 2400 2970 3650 4430 2090 2660 3350 4140 1780 2360 3060 3860 1470 2050 2770 3570 Inner Circular 2550 2510 2550 2920 3360 1920 2230 2620 3060 1600 1920 2310 2760 1290 1610 2010 2460 970 1300 1710 2160 Outer 225 3230 3580 4330 5190 2630 3250 4010 4880 2290 2930 3700 4570 1960 2610 3390 4270 1640 2290 3090 3980 Inner B B 2650 2770 3190 3680 2090 2440 2870 3360 1750 2110 2550 3050 1420 1780 2230 2740 1080 1460 1910 2420 3230 3470 4170 4970 2560 3150 3850 4660 2230 2830 3540 4350 1910 2510 3230 4050 1580 2190 2930 3750 Inner Circular 2700 Outer 225 Steel areas may be interpolated between those shown for variations in wall thickness See 7.2 for provisions for special designs The prescribed amounts of reinforcement not provide any allowance for pressure surges (water hammer) in pipelines C Available in some areas A 1310 1900 2640 3360 Inner A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 Class Layers of Reinforcement 188 Circular Type of Reinforcement Wall Thickness, mm 2250 Internal Designated Dia, mm TABLE Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 2650 2700 3080 3530 2040 2370 2760 3210 1710 2040 2440 2900 1370 1710 2120 2590 1040 1390 1810 2280 Outer 238 3600 3980 4770 S 2960 3630 4430 S 2600 3270 4090 S 2240 2920 3750 S 1880 2580 3420 S Inner 2930 3070 3520 S 2330 2710 3160 S 1960 2350 2810 S 1600 1990 2460 S 1240 1640 2120 S Outer 254 Circular 3050 3980 4410 5240 S 3310 4020 4860 S 2910 3640 4500 S 2520 3260 4130 S 2140 2890 3770 S Inner 3210 3380 3850 S 2590 2990 3470 S 2190 2600 3080 S 1790 2210 2710 S 1400 1830 2330 S Outer 279 Circular 3350 4350 4850 5720 S 3670 4430 5320 S 3250 4020 4920 S 2830 3610 4530 S 2420 3210 4140 S Inner 3490 3700 4200 S 2850 3280 3780 S 2420 2860 3370 S 1990 2440 2960 S 1570 2030 2560 S Outer 305 Circular 3650 C361M − 16 Single Layers of Reinforcement 350 580 840 1160 540 690 950 1270 860 860 1050 1370 1220 1220 1220 1470 1630 1630 1630 1690 A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Class 69 Wall Thickness, mm Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 12 1630 1630 1630 1630 1220 1220 1220 1290 860 860 940 1190 540 630 840 1080 330 520 740 980 Single 79 870 910 930 950 660 690 710 820 470 500 620 750 310 430 550 680 230 350 480 620 Inner 82 760 730 700 690 560 530 520 580 390 370 440 510 230 300 360 440 160 220 290 360 Outer 870 900 930 950 660 690 700 770 470 490 580 700 310 400 510 630 210 330 440 560 Inner Circular 88 750 760 730 710 690 560 530 520 540 390 370 410 470 230 280 340 400 150 210 270 330 Outer TABLE Continued 870 900 930 950 660 690 710 720 470 490 510 530 310 320 390 470 170 250 320 400 Inner 119 760 730 710 690 560 540 520 500 390 370 350 350 230 220 250 280 110 150 180 220 Outer 870 870 950 1270 410 580 840 1160 Single 69 870 870 870 870 410 410 440 560 Single 88 Elliptical 1800 1800 1800 1800 1340 1340 1340 1630 950 950 1220 1520 590 790 1110 1410 400 680 1000 1290 Single 72 1800 1800 1800 1800 1340 1340 1340 1570 950 950 1130 1460 590 750 1020 1350 380 630 900 1230 Single 79 Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, B 960 1000 1020 1050 730 760 810 970 520 580 730 890 350 500 650 820 260 420 580 740 Inner 82 830 800 770 760 610 590 590 680 420 430 510 600 260 350 430 520 180 270 350 450 Outer 960 1000 1020 1040 730 760 780 840 520 540 640 760 340 440 560 690 230 360 490 620 Inner Circular 94 825 840 800 780 760 620 590 570 590 420 400 450 510 260 300 370 440 160 230 290 360 Outer 960 990 1020 1040 730 760 780 790 520 540 560 620 340 360 450 550 200 290 380 480 Inner 119 840 800 780 760 620 590 570 550 430 400 390 410 260 250 290 340 130 180 220 270 Outer 950 950 1110 1410 450 680 1000 1290 Single 72 950 950 950 950 450 450 490 620 Single 94 Elliptical C361M − 16 Single Layers of Reinforcement 440 760 1100 1430 650 880 1230 1550 1030 1030 1350 1680 1470 1470 1470 1800 1960 1960 1960 1960 A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Class 79 Wall Thickness, mm Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 13 1050 1090 1120 1210 800 830 940 1130 570 670 850 1050 390 580 770 970 310 500 680 890 Inner 910 870 840 870 670 640 680 790 460 490 590 700 300 400 510 620 210 320 420 540 Outer 82 1050 1090 1110 1140 800 830 850 910 570 590 690 830 370 480 610 750 250 400 530 680 Inner 910 870 850 820 670 640 620 640 460 440 480 560 280 330 400 480 180 250 320 400 Outer 100 Circular 900 1050 1090 1110 1140 790 830 850 860 570 590 610 680 370 400 500 610 220 330 430 530 Inner 79 100 Elliptical 910 870 850 820 670 640 620 600 460 440 420 450 280 280 330 380 150 200 250 300 1040 1040 1230 1550 490 760 1100 1430 1040 1040 1040 1040 490 490 530 680 Outer Single Single 125 TABLE Continued 1140 1180 1210 1280 860 900 990 1200 620 710 900 1110 420 620 820 1030 330 530 730 940 Inner 980 940 910 920 720 690 720 830 500 520 630 750 320 430 540 660 230 340 450 570 Outer 88 1140 1180 1210 1230 860 900 920 980 620 640 750 900 400 520 670 820 280 430 580 740 Inner 980 940 920 890 730 690 670 690 500 480 520 600 300 360 440 520 190 270 350 440 Outer 107 Circular 1140 1180 1210 1230 860 900 920 940 620 640 660 750 400 440 550 670 240 360 470 590 B 88 107 Elliptical 990 950 920 890 730 690 670 650 500 480 460 500 300 300 360 420 160 220 280 340 1130 1130 1130 1130 530 530 730 940 1130 1130 1130 1130 530 530 580 740 Outer Single Single 132 Inner 975C Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 1230 1280 1310 1360 930 970 1050 1270 670 750 960 1180 440 660 870 1090 350 560 770 1000 Inner 1060 1010 980 980 780 740 760 880 540 550 670 790 340 460 570 700 240 360 480 600 Outer 94 1230 1270 1300 1330 930 970 990 1060 670 690 810 970 430 560 720 880 300 470 630 800 Inner 1060 1010 980 960 780 740 720 740 540 510 560 650 330 390 470 560 210 300 380 470 Outer 113 Circular 1230 1270 1300 1330 930 970 990 1010 670 690 710 820 430 480 610 730 260 400 520 650 94 113 Elliptical 1060 1020 990 960 780 750 720 700 540 510 490 540 330 330 390 460 180 240 310 370 1210 1210 1210 1210 570 570 770 1000 1210 1210 1210 1210 570 570 630 800 Outer Single Single 138 Inner 1050 C361M − 16 Inner 380 620 850 1100 480 720 950 1190 720 820 1050 1290 1000 1040 1140 1380 1320 1370 1400 1480 A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Class Layers of Reinforcement Outer 14 1130 1080 1050 1060 830 790 830 960 570 600 730 860 370 500 630 770 260 400 530 670 1320 1360 1400 1420 1000 1040 1060 1130 710 740 870 1040 460 600 770 950 320 510 680 860 Inner 1130 1090 1050 1030 840 800 770 790 580 550 610 700 350 420 510 600 220 320 410 510 1310 1360 1390 1420 1000 1040 1060 1080 710 740 760 890 460 530 660 790 280 430 570 700 1140 1090 1060 1030 840 800 770 750 580 550 530 590 350 360 430 500 190 270 330 410 Outer 144 Inner 1125C Outer 119 Wall Thickness, mm 97 Circular Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 119 1300 1300 1300 1300 610 620 850 1100 1300 1300 1300 1300 610 610 680 860 Single Single 97 Elliptical TABLE Continued 1410 1460 1500 1590 1070 1110 1230 1490 770 890 1130 1390 520 780 1020 1290 410 670 920 1190 Inner 1200 1150 1120 1140 890 850 890 1030 610 650 780 930 390 540 680 830 280 430 570 720 Outer 104 1410 1460 1490 1520 1070 1110 1130 1230 760 790 940 1130 490 660 840 1030 350 560 740 940 Inner 1210 1160 1120 1100 890 850 820 860 610 580 660 760 370 450 550 660 240 350 450 560 Outer 125 Circular 1400 1450 1490 1520 1060 1110 1130 1150 760 790 850 1000 490 590 750 900 320 490 650 810 1210 1160 1120 1100 890 850 820 800 610 580 590 670 370 410 490 570 220 310 390 470 Outer 144 Inner 1200 125 Elliptical 104 B 1380 1380 1380 1380 650 670 920 1190 1380 1380 1380 1380 650 650 740 940 Single Single Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 1500 1550 1590 1710 1140 1180 1330 1610 810 960 1220 1500 560 840 1110 1400 450 730 1000 1300 Inner 1280 1220 1190 1230 940 900 960 1120 650 700 850 1010 420 580 740 900 310 470 620 790 Outer 107 1500 1550 1580 1610 1130 1180 1200 1310 810 840 1000 1210 520 700 900 1100 380 590 790 1000 Inner 1280 1230 1190 1160 940 900 870 910 650 620 700 810 400 480 590 700 260 370 480 600 Outer 132 Circular 1490 1550 1580 1610 1130 1170 1200 1220 810 840 900 1070 520 630 800 970 350 530 700 870 1280 1230 1190 1170 950 900 870 850 650 620 630 720 400 430 520 610 230 330 420 510 Outer 150 Inner 1275C 132 1470 1470 1470 1470 700 730 1000 1300 1470 1470 1470 1470 700 700 790 1000 Single Single 107 Elliptical C361M − 16 470 760 1050 1360 590 880 1160 1460 860 1000 1280 1570 1200 1250 1390 1680 1590 1650 1680 1790 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Inner A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 Class Layers of Reinforcement 15 1350 1290 1260 1280 1000 950 1000 1160 690 730 890 1050 440 610 770 940 320 490 650 830 Outer 1580 1640 1680 1710 1200 1250 1270 1390 860 890 1060 1280 560 740 950 1170 400 630 840 1060 Inner 1360 1300 1260 1230 1000 950 930 970 690 660 740 860 420 510 630 750 270 400 520 640 1580 1640 1680 1710 1200 1240 1270 1300 860 890 970 1150 560 670 860 1040 370 560 750 930 1360 1300 1260 1230 1000 960 930 900 690 660 670 760 420 460 560 650 250 350 450 550 Outer 157 Inner 1350 Outer 138 Wall Thickness, mm 113 Circular Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 138 1560 1560 1560 1560 740 760 1050 1360 1560 1560 1560 1560 740 740 840 1060 Single Single 113 Elliptical TABLE Continued 1680 1740 1780 1860 1270 1320 1450 1750 910 1040 1330 1640 620 910 1220 1530 500 790 1100 1410 Inner 1420 1370 1330 1330 1050 1000 1050 1210 720 760 930 1100 470 630 800 980 340 510 680 860 Outer 119 1670 1730 1770 1800 1270 1310 1350 1470 910 940 1130 1350 590 780 1010 1240 430 660 900 1130 Inner 1430 1370 1330 1300 1050 1010 980 1020 730 690 780 910 440 540 660 790 290 420 550 670 Outer 144 Circular 1670 1730 1770 1800 1270 1310 1350 1370 910 940 1030 1220 590 710 910 1110 400 590 800 990 1430 1370 1330 1300 1050 1010 980 950 730 690 710 810 440 490 590 700 270 370 480 580 Outer 163 Inner 1425C 144 Elliptical 119 B 1640 1640 1640 1640 780 790 1100 1410 1640 1640 1640 1640 780 780 900 1130 Single Single Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 1770 1830 1870 1940 1340 1390 1510 1820 960 1080 1390 1710 650 950 1270 1590 520 820 1150 1480 Inner 1500 1440 1390 1390 1100 1060 1090 1270 760 790 970 1140 490 660 840 1020 360 530 720 900 Outer 125 1760 1820 1870 1900 1340 1380 1420 1540 960 990 1190 1430 620 820 1070 1310 460 690 950 1190 Inner 1500 1440 1400 1370 1110 1060 1030 1080 760 730 830 950 460 560 700 830 310 440 580 710 Outer 150 Circular 1760 1820 1870 1900 1340 1380 1420 1440 960 990 1090 1290 620 750 970 1170 420 630 850 1060 1500 1450 1400 1370 1110 1060 1030 1000 760 730 750 860 460 520 630 740 290 390 510 620 Outer 169 Inner 1500 150 1730 1730 1730 1730 820 820 1150 1480 1730 1730 1730 1730 820 820 950 1190 Single Single 125 Elliptical C361M − 16 560 870 1220 1570 690 1000 1350 1690 1010 1140 1480 1810 1410 1460 1610 1930 1860 1920 1970 2060 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Inner A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 Class Layers of Reinforcement 16 1570 1510 1460 1470 1160 1110 1160 1340 800 830 1020 1210 520 700 890 1080 380 560 760 960 Outer 1860 1920 1960 1990 1410 1450 1490 1650 1010 1040 1270 1520 650 870 1140 1400 490 740 1020 1280 Inner 1580 1510 1470 1440 1160 1110 1080 1150 800 760 880 1020 490 600 750 890 330 470 620 760 1850 1910 1960 1990 1400 1450 1490 1510 1010 1040 1160 1380 650 800 1040 1260 460 670 910 1140 1580 1520 1470 1440 1160 1110 1080 1050 800 760 810 920 490 550 680 790 310 420 550 670 Outer 175 Inner 1575C Outer 157 Wall Thickness, mm 132 Circular Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 157 1820 1820 1820 1820 860 870 1220 1570 1820 1820 1820 1820 860 860 1020 1280 Single Single 132 Elliptical TABLE Continued 1950 2010 2060 2140 1480 1530 1670 2010 1060 1180 1540 1880 730 1040 1410 1760 580 910 1280 1630 Inner 1640 1580 1530 1530 1210 1160 1200 1390 830 860 1070 1260 540 720 930 1130 400 580 790 990 Outer 138 1950 2010 2060 2090 1470 1520 1560 1730 1060 1090 1330 1600 680 910 1200 1470 520 780 1070 1340 Inner 1650 1590 1540 1500 1210 1160 1130 1200 840 800 920 1070 510 630 790 940 350 490 650 810 Outer 163 Circular 1940 2000 2060 2090 1470 1520 1560 1590 1060 1090 1230 1460 680 840 1100 1330 480 710 970 1200 1650 1590 1540 1500 1210 1170 1130 1100 840 800 850 970 510 580 710 840 330 440 580 710 Outer 182 Inner 1650 163 Elliptical 138 B 1900 1900 1900 1900 900 910 1280 1630 1900 1900 1900 1900 900 900 1070 1340 Single Single Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 2040 2100 2160 2220 1550 1600 1740 2090 1110 1230 1600 1950 760 1080 1460 1820 610 940 1330 1690 Inner 1720 1650 1600 1590 1260 1210 1250 1450 870 890 1110 1310 560 750 970 1170 420 600 830 1030 Outer 144 2040 2100 2150 2190 1540 1590 1630 1810 1110 1140 1400 1670 710 950 1260 1540 550 810 1130 1410 Inner 1720 1660 1610 1570 1270 1220 1180 1260 870 840 970 1120 530 660 830 980 370 520 690 850 Outer 169 Circular 2030 2100 2150 2190 1540 1590 1630 1670 1110 1140 1290 1530 710 880 1160 1400 510 750 1020 1270 1720 1660 1610 1570 1270 1220 1180 1160 870 840 890 1020 530 610 750 880 340 470 620 750 Outer 188 Inner 1725C 169 1990 1990 1990 1990 940 940 1330 1690 1990 1990 1990 1990 940 940 1130 1410 Single Single 144 Elliptical C361M − 16 Inner 680 1040 1470 1890 840 1190 1620 2030 1160 1350 1770 2170 1620 1670 1920 2550 2130 2200 2260 2960 A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 Class Layers of Reinforcement Outer 17 1790 1720 1660 1750 1320 1270 1380 1590 910 980 1220 1440 620 820 1070 1290 460 660 910 1140 2130 2190 2250 2280 1610 1660 1710 1990 1160 1200 1540 1840 760 1040 1390 1700 610 890 1240 1560 Inner 1790 1730 1670 1640 1320 1270 1230 1380 910 870 1060 1230 560 720 910 1080 410 570 760 930 2130 2190 2250 2280 1610 1660 1710 1830 1160 1190 1420 1680 750 970 1270 1540 570 820 1120 1400 Inner 1800 Outer 175 Wall Thickness, mm 150 Circular Type of Reinforcement Internal Designated Dia, mm 194 1790 1730 1670 1640 1320 1270 1230 1270 910 870 980 1120 550 660 830 970 380 510 680 830 Outer TABLE Continued 2080 2080 2080 2080 980 1040 1470 1890 Single 150 2080 2080 2080 2080 980 980 1240 1560 Single 175 Elliptical 2310 2380 2470 3600 1750 1810 2050 3100 1260 1440 1890 2600 910 1270 1740 2160 740 1110 1580 2020 Inner 163 1930 1860 1780 1860 1420 1370 1470 1700 980 1050 1300 1540 670 880 1140 1380 500 710 980 1220 Outer 2310 2380 2440 2480 1750 1800 1850 2160 1260 1290 1660 2000 830 1130 1500 1850 670 970 1350 1700 Inner 188 1940 1870 1810 1770 1430 1370 1330 1490 980 940 1150 1330 610 780 980 1180 450 610 820 1020 Outer Circular 1950 Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, B 2310 2370 2430 2480 1750 1800 1850 1990 1260 1290 1540 1840 810 1050 1380 1690 630 900 1230 1540 Inner 207 1940 1870 1810 1770 1430 1370 1330 1380 980 940 1060 1220 600 720 900 1060 420 560 740 910 Outer 2500 2570 2670 2890 1890 1950 2170 2620 1360 1530 2000 2430 980 1360 1830 2270 800 1180 1670 2100 Inner 175 2080 2010 1910 1970 1530 1470 1550 1800 1050 1110 1380 1620 720 940 1200 1450 540 760 1030 1280 Outer 2490 2560 2620 2680 1890 1940 1990 2330 1360 1400 1780 2160 910 1220 1610 2000 730 1050 1440 1840 Inner 200 2080 2010 1950 1890 1530 1480 1430 1610 1050 1010 1230 1440 670 840 1050 1270 490 670 880 1110 Outer Circular 2100 2490 2560 2620 2670 1890 1940 1990 2160 1360 1400 1660 2000 870 1150 1490 1840 690 980 1320 1680 Inner 219 2080 2010 1950 1910 1530 1480 1430 1490 1050 1010 1140 1330 640 780 970 1160 460 610 800 990 Outer C361M − 16 18 1060 1450 1930 2410 1460 1630 2110 2590 2030 2090 2290 2820 2680 2750 2870 3100 A-150 B-150 C-150 D-150 A-225 B-225 C-225 D-225 A-300 B-300 C-300 D-300 A-375 B-375 C-375 D-375 2220 2150 2030 2090 1630 1580 1640 1910 1130 1180 1450 1730 770 1000 1270 1550 580 810 1090 1370 Outer 2680 2750 2830 4020 2030 2090 2170 3460 1460 1560 1990 2890 1020 1380 1820 2330 830 1190 1640 2120 Inner 2220 2150 2070 1990 1640 1580 1560 1810 1130 1130 1370 1640 750 950 1190 1460 560 760 1010 1280 Outer 200 2860 2940 3070 3600 2170 2230 2440 3100 1560 1740 2220 2750 1140 1540 2040 2560 940 1350 1850 2380 Inner 2360 2290 2160 2220 1740 1680 1730 2020 1200 1260 1530 1830 830 1060 1340 1640 630 860 1150 1450 Outer 200 2860 2940 3030 4810 2170 2230 2300 4140 1560 1660 2110 3470 1100 1470 1930 2800 900 1280 1740 2270 Inner Circular 2400 Continued 2370 2290 2190 2120 1740 1680 1650 1930 1200 1210 1460 1740 800 1010 1260 1560 600 810 1070 1370 Outer 213 3050 3130 3270 4170 2310 2370 2590 3600 1660 1840 2340 3020 1220 1640 2150 2720 1010 1440 1950 2530 Inner 2510 2420 2280 2340 1840 1780 1820 2140 1270 1330 1610 1940 890 1120 1410 1740 670 920 1210 1540 Outer 213 3050 3120 3240 3410 2310 2370 2430 2980 1660 1770 2240 2760 1180 1570 2040 2570 980 1370 1850 2380 Inner Circular 2550 2510 2430 2320 2250 1850 1780 1740 2040 1270 1280 1540 1840 860 1070 1340 1640 650 870 1140 1440 Outer 225 3230 3330 3480 4510 2450 2510 2750 3880 1760 1950 2470 3260 1310 1740 2260 2850 1090 1530 2060 2650 Inner B Steel areas may be interpolated between those shown for variations in wall thickness See 7.2 for provisions for special designs The prescribed amounts of reinforcement not provide any allowance for pressure surges (water hammer) in pipelines C Available in some areas A 870 1270 1760 2240 Inner A-75 B-75 C-75 D-75 Class Layers of Reinforcement 188 Circular Type of Reinforcement Wall Thickness, mm 2250 Internal Designated Dia, mm TABLE B 2650 2550 2400 2460 1950 1890 1910 2240 1340 1410 1700 2030 940 1190 1490 1820 720 970 1280 1620 3230 3310 3440 3680 2450 2510 2570 3170 1760 1880 2360 2900 1270 1670 2160 2700 1050 1460 1950 2500 Inner Circular 2700 Outer 225 Circumferential reinforcement, mm2/linear m of pipeA, 2650 2570 2440 2370 1950 1890 1840 2140 1340 1360 1630 1930 920 1140 1410 1720 700 930 1200 1520 Outer 238 3600 3740 3890 S 2730 2800 3070 S 1960 2180 2720 S 1490 1950 2500 S 1250 1720 2280 S Inner 2930 2790 2650 S 2150 2090 2110 S 1480 1570 1870 S 1070 1330 1640 S 820 1090 1410 S Outer 254 Circular 3050 3980 4160 4300 S 3020 3080 3420 S 2160 2430 3000 S 1680 2170 2750 S 1430 1920 2510 S Inner 3210 3030 2890 S 2360 2290 2310 S 1620 1730 2060 S 1190 1470 1800 S 930 1220 1560 S Outer 279 Circular 3350 4370 4570 4720 S 3300 3400 3780 S 2370 2680 3330 S 1890 2410 3020 S 1610 2140 2760 S Inner 3470 3270 3120 S 2560 2470 2520 S 1760 1900 2250 S 1330 1630 1980 S 1050 1350 1710 S Outer 305 Circular 3650 C361M − 16 C361M − 16 manufacture The gaskets shall be of a solid circular cross section and shall be extruded or molded to the specified size within a diametrical tolerance of 60.4 mm or 61.5 % of the diameter, whichever is larger 6.9.1.1 Standard Gasket Requirements—All rubber gaskets shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical requirements of Specification C1619, Class A 6.9.1.2 Oil Resistant Gasket Requirements—All rubber gaskets shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical requirements of Specification C1619, Class B 6.9.1.3 Durometer Hardness—The shore hardness shall be in the range of from 35 to 50 for concrete spigots and 35 to 65 for steel spigots where the range includes the allowable variation 65 from the manufacturer’s specified hardness, provided the actual hardness is within the limits of 35 to 65 Internal Diameter of Pipe, mm 300 to 375 450 525 to 600 675 to 750 825 to 900 975 and larger Maximum Laying Length of Pipe, m 3.66 4.27 4.88 5.49 6.10 7.32 7.4 Placement of Reinforcement—The circumferential reinforcement shall be a single-cage circular, double-cage circular, or elliptical cage as shown in Table and Table Elliptical reinforcement will be permitted for 75 and 150-kPa head classes only and only in pipe 450 to 1800 mm in diameter, inclusive All pipe with a wall thickness of less than 82 mm shall be reinforced with either a circular cage or a single elliptical cage of steel as provided in Table and Table All pipe with wall thickness of 82 mm and greater shall be reinforced with either two separate cages or a single elliptical cage of steel as provided in Table and Table 2, except that for pipe sizes 900 mm and less with wall thicknesses equal to or greater than 82 mm, a single circular cage is not prohibited if the steel area is equal to or greater than the least area shown for a single circular cage for the particular class of pipe The areas of circumferential reinforcement shown in Table and Table are the design requirements for each of the wall thicknesses shown in the table Where single-cage circular reinforcement is used, the center-line of the reinforcement shall be placed from 40 to 50 % of the wall thickness from the inner surface of the pipe, provided that the minimum concrete cover specified below shall be maintained Where two separated circular cages of reinforcement are used, the inner and outer cages shall be placed so that the concrete cover, measured radially, over the circumferential reinforcement will be as follows: 6.10 Gasket Lubricants: 6.10.1 Where the joint design utilizing a rubber gasket dictates the use of a lubricant to facilitate assembly, the lubricant composition shall have no detrimental effect on the performance of the gasket and joint due to prolonged exposure 6.10.2 Storage—The lubricant shall be stored in accordance with the lubricant manufacturer’s recommended temperature range 6.10.3 Certification—When requested by the owner, the manufacturer shall furnish written certification that the joint lubricant conforms to all requirements of this specification for the specific gaskets supplied 6.10.4 Marking—The following information shall be clearly marked on each container of lubricant 6.10.4.1 Name of lubricant manufacturer 6.10.4.2 Usable temperature range for application and storage 6.10.4.3 Shelf life 6.10.4.4 Lot or batch number Pipe Diameter, mm 1125 and less 1200 through 1500 1575 through 1725 1800 through 2700 6.11 Mixing Water—Water used in the production of concrete shall be potable or non-potable water that meets the requirements of Specification C1602/C1602M Minimum Cover, mm 19 19 19 25 Maximum Cover, mm 25 29 32 38 7.4.1 These limits on minimum and maximum cover are applicable to elliptical steel at the horizontal and vertical axes of the pipe The circumferential reinforcement at each end of the pipe unit shall consist of one complete coil or ring in which the end is lapped or welded as prescribed in 7.6 The clear distance of the end coil or ring shall not be less than 13 mm or more than 25 mm from the end of the pipe unit, except this requirement does not apply to the inner layer of circumferential reinforcement in joints utilizing steel bell and spigot rings, provided that the clear distance restrictions will not apply for a distance of 20 bar diameters measured circumferentially from the end of the lap or weld 7.4.2 The steel areas in Table and Table for inner and outer reinforcement are based on a single layer of reinforcement for that steel area A line of reinforcement may be composed of more than one layer However, this requires a special design in accordance with 7.2 and Appendix X2 If more than one layer of reinforcement is used, the layers shall not be separated by more than the thickness of one longitudinal plus mm The layers shall be fastened together to form a single rigid cage Where inner and outer cages are used, the Design 7.1 Design Tables—The diameter, wall thickness, compressive strength of the concrete, and the area of circumferential reinforcement shall be as prescribed for the classes of combined hydrostatic head and external loading given in Table subject to the provisions of 7.2, 7.4, 7.5, 10.3, 11.1, 11.2, and 11.5 7.2 Modified and Special Design—Manufacturers shall submit to the owner, for approval prior to manufacture, detailed designs for loading or installation conditions other than those shown in Table Such pipe must meet all of the tests and performance requirements specified by the owner in accordance with Section 7.3 Laying Lengths—The maximum laying lengths of pipe units that will be acceptable are as follows and are subject to the provisions of 11.4: 19 C361M − 16 8.2 Joints utilizing collars instead of bells cast as an integral part with the pipe barrel shall comply with the requirements for bell-and-spigot joints given in 8.4.1 through 8.4.8 The collar shall be flared at each end to facilitate entrance of the gasket when closing the joint The straight section between the flares at either end shall be a true cylinder of such length that at the position of normal joint closure, the parallel surfaces upon which the gasket bears during closure will extend not less than 19 mm away from the edges of the gasket Each end of the pipe shall have a groove formed on its outer surface of suitable dimensions to contain a circular rubber gasket minimum clear spacing between the two cage systems shall be 0.25 times the wall thickness All other specification requirements such as laps, welds, concrete cover, and tolerances of placement in the wall of the pipe, etc., shall apply to this method for fabrication of a cage of reinforcement 7.5 Longitudinal Reinforcement—Each layer of circumferential reinforcement shall be assembled into a cage supported by longitudinal bars that extend the full length of the pipe The minimum concrete cover for longitudinal steel shall be 13 mm, except that the longitudinal bars or rods are not prohibited from extending to either or both ends of the pipe unit to form supports for holding the circumferential cage in proper position Not less than four longitudinal bars at approximately equal spacing shall be provided for each cage, and additional bars used in the barrel of the pipe shall be provided as necessary so that the circumferential spacing between longitudinal bars shall not exceed 1050 mm in any cage Where the pipe joint construction requires the use of a bell, the minimum number of longitudinal bars shall be provided in the bell and shall be continuous bars or spliced to the main longitudinal bars The circumferential bars of each cage shall be spaced and supported by welding or tying each hoop to the longitudinal bars Spacer bars, chairs, or other methods shall be provided to maintain the reinforcement cage or cages in proper position within the forms during the placement and consolidation of the concrete The spacer bars or chairs are not prohibited from extending to the finished concrete surfaces of the pipe 8.3 Joints utilizing steel bell-and-spigot rings shall comply with the requirements for bell-and-spigot joints given in 8.4.1, 8.4.3, and 8.4.5 The bell ring shall have a minimum thickness of mm and width sufficient to provide for adequate embedment in the pipe It shall be flared at one end and is not prohibited from being tapered at the other end The remainder of the bell ring shall be a true cylinder of such length that at the position of normal joint closure, the parallel surface upon which the gasket bears during the closure will extend not less than 25 mm away from the edge of the gasket The spigot ring shall be formed from a specially shaped section of steel with a groove of suitable dimensions to contain a circular rubber gasket The difference in circumference of the inside of the bell ring and the outside of the spigot ring shall not exceed mm for gaskets of 17-mm diameter or less, and mm for gaskets greater than 17-mm diameter 7.6 Laps, Welds, and Spacing—If the splices are not welded, the reinforcement shall be lapped not less than 20 diameters for deformed bars and deformed cold-worked wire, and 40 diameters for plain bars and cold-drawn wire In addition, where lapped cages of welded wire reinforcement are used without welding, the lap shall contain a longitudinal wire Lapped or butt welded splices shall develop a tensile strength of not less than the specified yield strength of the bars or wires spliced based on the nominal cross-sectional area of the bar or wire Lapped welds shall have a minimum lap of 50 mm The spacing center-to-center of adjacent rings of circumferential reinforcement in a cage shall not exceed 100 mm The continuity of the circumferential reinforcing steel shall not be destroyed during the manufacture of the pipe 8.4 In pipe utilizing bell-and-spigot joints, the joint shall be designed and manufactured so that the spigot and gasket will readily enter the bell of the pipe In all-concrete joints the manufacturer shall provide sufficient reinforcement in the bell to resist the hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and gasket pressures The shape and dimensions of the joint shall be such as to provide the minimum requirements given in 8.4.1 through 8.4.8 8.4.1 For design pressures greater than 75 kilopascals, the rubber gaskets shall be solid gaskets of circular cross section For design pressures less than or equal to 75 kilopascals, the gaskets shall be solid gaskets of circular or non-circular cross section All gaskets shall be confined in an annular space formed by shoulders on the bell and spigot or in a groove in the spigot of the pipe so that movement of the pipe or hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressure cannot displace the gasket When the joint is assembled, the gasket shall be compressed to form a watertight seal 8.4.2 In joints that utilize spigot grooves, the volume of the annular space provided for the gasket, with the engaged joint at normal joint closure in concentric position, and neglecting ellipticity of the bell and spigot, shall be not less than the design volume of the gasket furnished The cross-sectional area of the annular space shall be calculated for minimum bell diameter, maximum spigot diameter, minimum width of groove at surface of spigot, and minimum depth of groove The volume of the annular space shall be calculated considering the centroid of the cross-sectional area to be at the midpoint between the inside bell surface and the surface of the groove on which the gasket is seated at the centerline of the groove Joints 8.1 Joints shall utilize steel joint rings, steel bells and concrete spigots, or be formed entirely of concrete Joint assemblies shall be so formed and accurately manufactured that when the pipes are drawn together the pipe shall form a continuous watertight conduit with a smooth and uniform interior surface and shall provide for slight movements of any pipe unit in the pipeline due to expansion, contraction, settlement, or lateral displacement The rubber gasket shall be the sole element of the joint depended upon to provide watertightness The joint shall be so designed that the gaskets will not be required to support the weight of the pipe, but will keep the joint tight under all normal conditions of service The ends of the pipe shall be in planes at right angles to the longitudinal centerline of the pipe, except where bevel-end pipe for deflections up to 5° is specified or indicated for bends 20