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Let history be the judge!—-author’s reply Anesth Analg 2013;116(1):265 214 Abdallah C, Hannallah R Use of modified rapid sequence tracheal intubation in pediatric patients Saudi J Anaesth 2014;8(2):249-255 215 Bulka CM, Cassedy EA, Sandberg WS, Ehrenfeld JM A survey of modified rapid-sequence induction and intubation in Canadian academic centers J Clin Anesth 2013;25(6):515-516 216 Mort TC Preoxygenation in critically ill patients requiring emergency tracheal intubation Crit Care Med 2005;33:2672-2675 217 Adelson PD, Bratton SL, Carney NA, et al Guidelines for the acute medical management of severe traumatic brain injury in infants, children, and adolescents Chapter 3: prehospital airway management Pediatr Crit Care Med 2003;4:S9-S11 218 Belfort M, Kirshon B, Bowen R, et al The cardiovascular and intracranial effects of laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in hypercarbic neonatal piglets S Afr Med J 1993;83:117-121 219 Ampel L, Hott KA, Sielaff GW, et al An approach to airway management in the acutely head-injured patient J Emerg Med 1988;6:1-7 220 Walls RM Rapid-sequence intubation in head trauma Ann Emerg Med 1993;22:1008-1013 221 Bedell E, Prough DS Anesthetic management of traumatic brain injury Anesthesiol Clin North Am 2002;20:417-439 222 Cornelius BG, Webb E, Cornelius A, et al Effect of sedative agent selection on morbidity, mortality and length of stay in patients with increase in intracranial pressure World J Emerg Med 2018; 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28(8):2004-2006 252 Singh RB, Choubey S, Mishra S To Evaluate the Efficacy of Intravenous Infusion of Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Attenuating the Rise of Intraocular Pressure Caused by Succinylcholine in Patients Undergoing Rapid Sequence Induction for General Anesthesia: A Randomized Study Anesth Essays Res 2017;11(4):834-841 253 Zhou C, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Ruan L The effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine injections on IOP in general anesthesia intubation: a meta-analysis Biomed Res Int 2017;2017:6186832 e7 Abstract: Accurate assessment and safe management of the airway of a critically ill child are the most essential first steps in providing effective intensive care They require understanding the anatomic and physiologic changes that occur from birth through adolescence, recognizing airway abnormalities, and appreciating the pathophysiologic consequences of airway manipulation and underlying disease processes Basic airway management, such as oxygen therapy via nasal cannula, may be sufficient to overcome mild hypoxia However, as a patient’s respiratory pathophysiology escalates, noninvasive ventilation and endotracheal intubation may be necessary Recognizing and preparing are crucial for the prevention of potentially lethal complications of intubation Key words: airway; pediatric critical care; anesthesia; intubation; sedation; neuromuscular blockade; respiratory failure ... Clinical Trial JAMA Surg 2019;154(1):9-17 202 Vasudevan A, Srinivasan S, Vinayagam S, Ramkumar G, Senthilnathan M Assessment of effectiveness of cricoid pressure in preventing gastric insufflation... Fagerlund M Transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) vs facemask breathing pre-oxygenation for rapid sequence induction in adults: a prospective randomised non-blinded