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16.3 15.9 6.1 2.7 2.7 13.9 15.2 9.5 14.5 3.3 1.8 9.3 1.7 3.1 16.3 12.5 6.5 14.6 3.2 1.4 19.6 5.8 6.6 22.2 1.2 4.0 5.1 6.0 16.0 10.0 7.0 1.0 0.0 3.8 10.8 19.0 8.0 1.7 6.1 15.2 11.6 10.4 12.6 1.7 13.6 16.1 5.1 13.6 0.0 0.0 37.0 0.0 15.0 4.0 2.0 6.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 23.0 5.0 6.0 20.0 12.0 5.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 17.0 7.0 7.0 20.0 7.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 26.0 2.0 5.0 34.0 9.0 5.0 1.0 6.1 2.7 9.6 8.7 10.2 13.3 3.3 2.5 7.9 9.5 6.0 20.6 3.1 0.6 7.5 3.5 12.6 11.9 14.4 2.9 1.8 NAPRTCS [25] 0–20 y 30.3 14.2 CAKUT congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, PUV posterior urethral valves, FSGS focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, HUS hemolytic uremic syndrome Age CAKUT hypo-/dysplastic kidney reflux nephropathy PUV Glomerulonephritis FSGS Cystic kidney disease Hereditary nephropathy HUS Metabolic disorder Missing, unknown ESPN/ERA-EDTA ERA-EDTA [12] Japan [14] ANZDATA [16] [22] 0–4 y 5–9 y 10–14 y 15–19 y 0–4 y 5–9 y 10–14 y 15–19 y 0–4 y 5–9 y 10–14 y 15–19 y 0–5 y 6–18 y 35.7 35.6 33.9 23.4 43.0 45.0 40.2 30.5 42.0 26.0 36.0 13.0 34.9 30.6 27.0 15.0 22.0 6.0 Table 39.3  Primary kidney disease in patients with ESKD 39  Long-Term Outcome of Chronic Dialysis in Children 749 M Honda et al 750 was 86.0–92.0% and on HD was 84.0–87.3% in the registry of the USRDS, Italian Registry, Registry of Taiwan, and the JSPPD; likewise, the combined 5-year survival on HD and PD was 89.5% in the ESPN-ERA/EDTA registry [10, 12, 19, 22, 24, 25] Figure 39.3a, b show the estimated patient survival rates for children aged