990 Recommended daily allowance (RDA), 525 Refill capacity, 441 Reflux nephropathy, 136–138 Registered nurses (RNs), 69 Remote patient monitoring (RPM) automated online data transfer technology, 316 b[.]
Index 990 Recommended daily allowance (RDA), 525 Refill capacity, 441 Reflux nephropathy, 136–138 Registered nurses (RNs), 69 Remote patient monitoring (RPM) automated online data transfer technology, 316 benefits of, 317, 318 data handling, 320 definition, 316 implementation, 318–320 overview, 315, 316 regulatory issues, 320 reimbursement, 320 Renal angina index (RAI), 838 Renalase deficiency, 592 Renal oligohydramnios, 251 Renal osteodystrophy (ROD), 541 Renal Physicians Association (RPA), 60 Renal refugees, 820 Renal replacement therapy (RRT), 27–29, 509, 562, 746, 870 APP, 75 in developing countries, 50–52 economic indicators, 47 epidemiology, 48 incidence of, 37, 38 treatment modality, 39, 41 Renal support therapy (RST), 827 Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), 591, 936 Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition, 164 Residual renal function (RRF), 195 anemia, 160 avoidance of risk factors, 163 baseline renal impairment, 160 blood pressure control, 163, 164 CKD, 157–160 clinical benefits of, 158, 159 congestive heart failure, 160 dialysis modality, 161, 162 dyslipidemia, 160 extracellular volume overload, 160 GDP, 164 genetic factors, 161 hemodialysis, 165 hyperphosphatemia, 160 hypertension, 159 hyperuricemia, 160 hypoalbuminemic patients, 160 hypocalcemia, 160 hypouricemia, 160 immunosuppressive medications, 165 loop diuretics, 164, 165 measurement of, 157, 158 metabolic acidosis, 160 nephrotoxic antibiotics, 162 peripheral vascular disease, 160 peritonitis frequency, 162 pharmacological nephroprotection, 165 proteinuria, 159 rapid somatic growth, 161 RAS inhibition, 164 treatment adequacy, 214, 215 time on dialysis, 161 Resistance-in-series model, 17 Restless legs syndrome (RLS), 453, 789 Reverse osmosis, 352 Reverse urea effect, 438 Root cause analysis (RCA), 87 S Saving Young Lives project, 52 Seattle pumpless method, Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC), 935 Sieving coefficient (SC), 21, 24 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 161 Single pass albumin dialysis (SPAD), 734 Sleep disorders, 452, 453 Small solute clearance, 210–212 Sodium dialysate concentration, 440 Sodium modelling, 348 Sodium ramping, 442 Solid organ transplantation, 936–938 Solute transport dialysate compartment, 25, 26 peritoneal dialysis membrane, 26 peritoneal microcirculation, 26, 27 RRT, 27–29 Spectrum of patient caregiver experience caregiver burden, 969, 971 change in family dynamics, 969, 970 emotional turmoil and uncertainty, 969–970 financial burden, 969, 971 lifestyle restrictions, 969–971 loss of control, 969, 970 personal growth, 969, 971 infection and hypertension, 957 parental experiences, 958 patient experience being a burden, 966 being absent from school, 968 body image and physical appearance, 966 coping strategies, 968, 969 dependence on dialysis machine, 967 injustice, 966 limiting future possibilities, 967 managing treatment, 968 prognostic uncertainty, 967 relying on parental caregivers, 967 sickly and weak, 966 social isolation, 967, 968 unbearable and debilitating symptoms, 967 Standard deviation score (SDS), 50, 215 Standard oreopoulos system, 194 Standard permeability analysis (SPA), 201 Standardized Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric Endstage Renal Disease (SCOPE), 61, 253 Standardizing Care for Outcomes in Pediatric Dialysis (SCOPE), 402 Index Subject matter experts (SMEs), 92 Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) tool, 468 Supplemental nutritional support, 491 Sustained low-efficiency daily dialysis (SLEDD), 840 Sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED), 733 T Tamm-Horsfall protein, 831 Teach back method, 481 Teledialysis, 220 Telemedicine, 316 TelePD, 220 Tenckhoff catheter, 176, 177, 842 Terminal therapy, 820 Testing water quality, 363, 364 Therapeutic apheresis anticoagulation, 924, 925 blood priming, 923–924 cellular blood components, 922 ECV, 923, 924 grading of recommendations, 933 indications for, 932 ANCA, 932, 933, 935 category I apheresis, 933–934 category II apheresis, 934 FSGS, 936 solid organ transplantation, 936–938 TMA, 935, 936 modalities and procedures erythrocytapheresis, 927, 928 immunoadsorption, 930–932 leukapheresis, 928, 929 lipid apheresis, 929, 930 photopheresis, 929 plasmapheresis, 926, 927 plateletpheresis, 929 plasma adsorbers, 931 prevent hemodilution and hypovolemia, 922 principles of separation, 922–923 serum albumin fraction of blood plasma, 921 therapeutic plasma exchange, 921 TPE volume exchanges and plasma turnover, 926 vascular access, 923 volumetric control, 925 weight based apheresis, 924 Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), 733, 734, 901 Three-pore permeability model, 197 Thrombocytopenia, 446, 447 Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), 935, 936 Tidal peritoneal dialysis (TPD), 208 Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), 568 Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), 73 Toll like receptor (TLR) activation, 304 Total clearance, KT, 366 Total performance score (TPS), 84, 85 Transfer set characteristics, 194 standard oreopoulos system, 194 Y-set, 194, 195 991 Transfer set-to-container connection, 194 Transfusion-associated lung injury (TRALI), 926 Transition and transfer to adult care adherence to treatment, 800 attention to psychosocial issues and needs, 797–798 CKD, 794 continuation of transition process, 804–805 education and training, 805 financial considerations, 805–806 kidney transplant, 793 named healthcare worker, 795–796 nonlinear maturation processes, 797 open bi-directional communication, 804 patient and family engagement and empowerment, 800–801 patient transfer summaries, 803 personal and treatment challenges, 794 personalized health passport, 804 plasma exchange, 793 potential transition barriers, 795 public policy, 806 published guidelines, 794, 795 quality improvement and research, 806 regular assessment of transition, 801–802 rituximab, 793 starting early, 796 summary document for patient, 804 three “pillars” of adherence, 800–801 timing of transfer, 803 track of patients, 802 transition age spectrum, 804 transition and transfer to adult care, 793 transition champion, 795–796 transition navigator, 796 Transmembrane pressure (TMP), 20, 22, 349 Treatment adequacy, 210 clinical evaluation, 215, 216 evaluation, 210 monitoring, 216–218 RRF, 214, 215 Tuberculosis, 147 Tubular secretion, 117 Tunnel infections, 417, 418 U Ultrafiltration (UF), 196–198, 229 Ultrafiltration rate (Qf), 20 Ultrapure dialysate, 349 Ultrapure water replacement fluid, 363 sterile and non-pyrogenic fluid, 363 testing water quality, 363, 364 water purification systems, 363 United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), 747 United States Renal Data System (USRDS), 36, 42, 121, 250, 635, 747, 750, 751, 946 Uremic toxicity, 17, 18 Urinary tract infection (UTI), 134 Index 992 Urological issues bladder augmentation, 141, 142 catheterizable channels, 149 causes of, 132 ESKD, 141, 142 inguinal hernias, 148, 149 nephrectomy, 146–148 neurogenic voiding dysfunction advantages and disadvantages, 141 catheterization, 140 cosmesis, 140 detrusor compliance, 138 disrupted innervation, 138 enterocystoplasty, 140, 141 failure of emptying, 138, 139 failure of storage, 138, 139 management, 138–140 neurological lesions, 138 surgical strategies, 140 surveillance, 140 urine storage and emptying, 138 urothelium-lined augmentations, 141 PBS aggressive reconstruction, 145 clinical features, 142, 143 definition, 142 imaging findings, 142, 144 obstruction, 142 outcomes, 143, 144 patient survival, 145 renal dysplasia, 142 timing of, 145 pre-transplant assessment, 145, 146 PUV antenatal diagnosis, 132 decompression, 133, 134 hydroureteronephrosis, 135 kidney failure, 133 LUT, 132, 134 prenatal interventions, 133 systemic stabilization, 133 ultrasound, 133 upper tract damage, 134, 135 UTI, 134 valve ablation, 134 VCUG, 133 vesicoamniotic shunting, 133 vesicostomy/bladder augmentation, 136 VUR, 133, 135, 136 VURD syndrome, 136 stomas, 149 surgical incision, 149 vascular access, 149 VUR, 136–138 V Value-based purchasing system, 82 Valve bladder syndrome, 134 Vancomycin, 406 Varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccine, 638, 639 Vascular access AVF monitoring and complications, 330, 331 patient evaluation and preparation, 329, 330 placement and perioperative handling, 329, 330 AVG, 331, 332 CVC, 332–336 hemodialysis, 326–329 KRT, 325 vein preservation, 326, 327 Vascular measures, 566–567 Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), 563, 573 Vasomotor nephropathy, 864 Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), 133, 135–138 Vesicoureteral reflux and Renal Dysplasia (VURD) syndrome, 136 Vessel preservation strategies, 719 Vitamin D, 545, 546, 571–572 Voiding cysto-urethrogram (VCUG), 133 W Water purification systems, 363 White blood cell (WBC) count, 209 Wire-guided exchange (WGE), 407 World Bank (WB), 48 Y Y-set, 194, 195