Đề thi cấu trúc dữ liệu và giải thuật dsa ch1 introduction (2)

Introduction Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Basic concepts Data Data type Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm Pseudocode Revision Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers[.]

Introduction Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Chapter Introduction Basic concepts Data Data type Data Structures and Algorithms - CO2003 Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm Pseudocode Revision Data structures Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, VNU-HCM Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes 1.1 Introduction Overview Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Basic concepts Data Data type Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm Pseudocode Basic concepts Data Data type Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm Pseudocode Revision Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes Revision Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes 1.2 Introduction Sources of Materials Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang We would like to thank Dr The-Nhan LUONG, a former instructor of our Department, for the composing of this document Basic concepts Data This document also uses figure, sentences and demo source code from the following sources: Data type Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm • The old presentation for course Data Structures and Algorithms edited by other members in our Department • Book entitled Data Structures - A Pseudocode Approach with C++ (first edition, 2001) written by Richard F Gilberg and Behrouz A Forouzan Pseudocode Revision Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes 1.3 Introduction Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Basic concepts Basic concepts Data Data type Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm Pseudocode Revision Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes 1.4 Introduction What is Data? Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Basic concepts Data Data type Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm Pseudocode Revision Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes (Source: datorama.com) 1.5 Introduction What is Data? Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Data Data is information that has been translated into a form that is more convenient to calculate, analyze Example Basic concepts Data • Numbers, words, measurements, observations or descriptions of things Data type Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm Pseudocode Revision Data structures Classes • Qualitative data: descriptive information, • Quantitative data: numerical information (numbers) Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes • Discrete data can only take certain values (like whole numbers) • Continuous data can take any value (within a range) 1.6 Introduction Data type Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Class of data objects that have the same properties Data type A set of values A set of operations on values Basic concepts Data Data type Data structure Abstract data type Example Type integer floating point character Algorithm Pseudocode Values −∞, , −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, , ∞ −∞, , 0.0, , ∞ \0, , ‘A’, ‘B’, , ‘a’, ‘b’, , ∼ Operations ∗, +, −, %, /, ++, −−, ∗, +, −, /, , Revision Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes 1.7 Introduction Data structure Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang What is a data structure? A combination of elements in which each is either a data type or another data structure A set of associations or relationships (structure) that holds the data together Basic concepts Data Data type Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm Pseudocode Example Revision An array is a number of elements of the same type in a specific order Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes 13 21 34 1.8 Introduction Abstract data type Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang The concept of abstraction: • Users know what a data type can • How it is done is hidden Basic concepts Data Data type Definition Data structure Abstract data type An abstract data type is a data declaration packaged together with the operations that are meaningful for the data type Algorithm Pseudocode Revision Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Declaration of data Declaration of operations Encapsulation of data and operations Pointers to structures Pointers to classes 1.9 Introduction Abstract data type Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Basic concepts Data Data type Data structure Abstract data type Algorithm Pseudocode Revision Data structures Classes Pointers Arrays Pointers to structures Pointers to classes Figure: Abstract data type model (source: Slideshare) 1.10 ... Pointers to classes 1.2 Introduction Sources of Materials Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang We would like to thank Dr The-Nhan LUONG, a former instructor of our Department, for the composing of this document Basic... only take certain values (like whole numbers) • Continuous data can take any value (within a range) 1.6 Introduction Data type Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Class of data objects that have the same properties... Statement constructs: sequence, selection, iteration 1.14 Introduction Pseudocode: Example Dr NGUYEN Ho Man Rang Algorithm average 10 Pre nothing Post the average of the input numbers is printed