Chapter 1 Overview of ASEAN The establishment and development The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN.
Chapter 1: Overview of ASEAN The establishment and development The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, was established on August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration) by the Founding Fathers of ASEAN: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand In the last 50 years, ASEAN has achieved remarkable human and sustainable development progress, lifting millions of lives out of poverty and improving access to education and health The total combined GDP of ten ASEAN countries was valued at US$4.8 trillion in 2021 Reasons and Motivations Southeast Asian countries face new political and economic challenges in the face of internal and external pressures The need to gather together in the form of an organization to deal with new challenges and more important than ever The idea of building an ASEAN Community originates from the Bangkok Declaration, expressed through the goal of "building a prosperous and peaceful community in Southeast Asia" The idea continues to be expressed in the next important orientation documents of the Association ASEAN spent more than 30 years (1967-1997) to determine the goal of building a Community, marked by the birth of the ASEAN Vision 2020 ASEAN also needed more than 10 years (1997-2007) to complete The model and way of operation of the Community, formalized by the introduction of the Bali Declaration II and the ASEAN Charter, created the legal foundation for the Association It took ASEAN another two years (2007-2009) to determine the first concrete roadmap for Community building, with the adoption of the ASEAN Community Building Roadmap (2009-2015) Initially, ASEAN planned to establish the Community in 2020 However, at the 13th ASEAN Summit in January 2007, ASEAN shortened the time limit for building the Community to 2015 The purpose To maintain and enhance peace, security and stability and further strengthen peace oriented values in the region To enhance regional resilience by promoting greater political, security, economic and socio-cultural cooperation 3 To preserve Southeast Asia as a Nuclear Weapong – Free Zone and free of all other weapons of mass destruction To ensure that the people and Member States of ASEAN live in peace with the world at large in a just, democratic and harmonious environment To create a single market and production base which is stable, prosperous, highly competitive and economically integrated with effective facilitation for trade and investment in which there is free flow of goods, services and investment, facilitated movement of business persons, professionals, talents and labor and free flow of capital To alleviate poverty and narrow the development gap within ASEAN throught mutual assistance and cooperation To strengthen democracy, enhance good governance and the rule of law, and to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedom, with due regard to the rights and responsibilities of the Member States of ASEAN To repond effectively in accordance with the principle of comprehensive security, to all forms of threats trasnational crimes and transboundary challenges To promote sustainable development so as to ensure the protection of the region’s environment, the sustainability of its natural resources, the preservation of its cultural heritage and the high quality of life of its people 10 To develop human resources through closer cooperation in education and lifelong learning , and in science and technology for the empowerment of the peoples of ASEAN and for the strengthening of the ASEAN Community 11 To enhance the well-being and livelihood of the people of ASEAN by providing them with equitable access to opportunities for human development, social welfare and justice 12 To strengthen cooperation in building a safe, secure and drug – free environment for the people of ASEAN 13 To promote a people – oriented ASEAN in which all sectors of society are encouraged to participate in and benefit from the process of ASEAN intergration and community building 14 To promote an ASEAN identity through the fostering of greater awareness of the diverse culture and heritage of the region 15 To maintain the centrality and proactive role of ASEAN as the primary driving force in its realtions and cooperation with its external partners in a regional architecture that is open, transparent and inclusive ASEAN institutional framework Regarding organizational structure (Chapter IV): The main apparatus will include the Summit (which is the highest policy decision-making body, meeting twice a year); Ministerial Councils, in which Councils on each pillar of the ASEAN Community (Politics - Security, Economy, Culture - Society) and Joint Coordinating Council (consisting of Foreign Ministers); specialized Ministerial Conferences; Committee of Permanent Representatives of Countries in ASEAN (CPR), resident in Jakarta, Indonesia; ASEAN Secretariat and ASEAN Secretary-General; National ASEAN Secretariat In addition, ASEAN will also establish an ASEAN Human Rights Body and stipulate that this Body will have to operate in accordance with the Terms of Reference (TOR) to be decided by the Foreign Ministers later, which clearly defines the nature, functions and functions of the Association , duties and principles of this Agency How does ASEAN operate? ASEAN's mode of decision-making is consultation and consensus All ASEAN issues must be consulted with all member countries and decisions are only adopted when all member countries agree or not object Advantages and disadvantages of Vietnam when joining ASEAN? + Advantages: -Enhancing the position and creating a firm foothold in the international arena, having a voice in the overall development orientation of the world economy through negotiations and negotiations, thereby having conditions to protect the interests and perform obligations in the direction of benefiting the nation -Have conditions to exploit many potentials through diversified cooperation with many partners to expand and stabilize the market, access international capital, create an attractive environment to accelerate investment attraction abroad, quickly access science and technology transfer on a large scale and actively participate in the international division of labor - There are conditions to promote the process of reform and economic restructuring more flexible and dynamic towards improving efficiency Specifically, speeding up the reform process of the state-owned enterprise sector, improving the competitiveness of enterprises, eliminating the subsidy mechanism in production, business, investment and development further promote the potential and strengths of all economic sectors -Improve the ability to grasp and effectively apply the codes of conduct according to international standards, contributing to quickly bringing our country's economy forward to international development - Having conditions for well implementation of foreign relations, actively contributing to maintaining world security, maintaining and stabilizing national security for development + Disadvantages: The biggest challenge is that the level of economic development of our country is still low, the competitiveness of the economy in general, each industry and each enterprise in particular is still weak -Vietnam lags behind many countries on the way of development The market mechanism is still in the process of forming, the legal framework is still incomplete, not in line with international practices and standards - There are still many irrationalities in the production structure, the economic structure, in the allocation of resources of the economy, in the application of policies and regulations, in the planning of development strategies economic sectors -The understanding of the organizations that need to be integrated is still very limited, and the missing staff is limited in expertise, foreign languages and multilateral negotiation skills -Opening the economy also makes the domestic economy vulnerable to unfavorable fluctuations from other countries -ASEAN countries have similar advantages as Vietnam, so cooperation through division of labor will become more difficult, complicated and competitive - The current structure of Vietnam's exports is mainly unprocessed agricultural products These are goods with slow tax reduction, while industrial products and raw materials that are fast taxreduced are export products of other AFTA countries and imported products of Vietnam - Fierce competition in attracting foreign investment, especially in the current situation, when many countries in the region have recovered from the crisis The basic difference between ASEAN and the ASEAN Community (AC) The main difference between ASEAN and AC is the degree of regional linkage between the governments of the member countries, in which the level of regional linkage of the AC is closer, more extensive and highly binding than ASEAN This comes from the different nature of the Association and the Community, which is expressed as follows: Firstly, the legal basis of the ASEAN Association is the Bangkok Declaration 1967, while the legal basis of the AC is the ASEAN Charter Bangkok Declaration is the Declaration establishing the Association of Southeast Asian Nations with the goal of promoting economic growth, social progress, and cultural development; strengthen cooperation, help each other as well as promote peace and stability in the region While the ASEAN Charter marks a fundamental transformation of the Association into a new phase, becoming an intergovernmental organization with legal status and operating on the legal basis of the ASEAN Charter; at the same time, reflecting the maturity of ASEAN, demonstrating the vision and strong political determination of ASEAN member countries, especially the leaders, on the goal of building a closely and firmly connected ASEAN stronger, to support the goals of peace and development of the whole region as well as of each member country Secondly, in terms of organization and operation, ASEAN is a loose governmental alliance of 10 member countries promoting cooperation and mutual support in the fields of politics - security, economy, culture - social and foreign relations AC is still a government coalition but cooperates closely and deeply with each other on three main pillars: security, economy and socio-culture AC's external relations will be integrated into pillars Establishing AC will create advantages and disadvantages, challenges for Vietnam Security, politics AD - To exchange and strengthen close cooperation in security, political and defense issues Especially in solidarity and cooperation to maintain peace and stability in the region and especially in the East Sea Dis - The risk of revealing confidential information about security, politics and national defense - Internal interference in security and politics may occur too deeply Economy Ad Create conditions for Vietnam's economy to integrate with other countries in the region: Vietnamese enterprises can participate more deeply in regional and global production and supply chains Faster economic growth, more jobs created, stronger foreign direct investment (FDI) attraction, better resource allocation, enhanced production capacity and competitiveness For example: “The tax rate in ASEAN will be 0%, therefore, businesses in Vietnam exporting to ASEAN will benefit, not be subject to import tax in the import market Moreover, Vietnamese enterprises will also not have to pay import tax on products/machinery and equipment from member countries, thereby, reducing costs and having conditions to increase competitiveness " Dis Danger of lagging The existence of a system of economic - technical infrastructure of social production is still very backward, including very difficult problems such as the system of machinery and equipment, mainly in different generations The old system, the transportation system - financial services, banking along with the process of urbanization, although much better than before, it is still inconsistent, not meeting the requirements of the growing economy sustainable development in our country Competitiveness is still low and has been slowly improved Because countries in the ASEAN region have similar cultures, there are many similar products Enterprise management capacity is still weak Many state-owned enterprises survive thanks to the protection and subsidies of the State The rate of state-owned enterprises making losses is still high In terms of competitive criteria of products and goods such as price, quality, network of consumption organizations and business reputation, the competitiveness of Vietnamese goods is still inferior to that of many countries in the region and in the world Low level of labor and the phenomenon of "brain drain" Our country has a lot of talents, but we don't have a specific policy to train and attract talents, so there has been a phenomenon of "brain drain", qualified people have been attracted by foreign companies about to work and our companies have not convinced them yet Sociocultural Ad - Enhance learning and exchange with other countries about Culture – Society, education among countries Dis - The danger of undermining Socialism and fading national identity Chapter 2: ASEAN diversity Economic growth -> Basic economic indicators of ASEAN -> Analysis the economies of ASEAN_6 Chapter 3: ASEAN – International Trade International investment (FDI) and production network Intra – extra trade Intra – extra investment Production network and GVC upgrading Lợi cạnh tranh (bất lợi) Quốc Gia, quan hệ thương mại, cấu kinh tế (Brunei – Dầu mỏ), Chính sách kinh tế đặc trưng Chapter 4: ASEAN Economic Community ASEAN Community building (3 pillars) AEC (4 pillars) Vì ASEAN lại xây dựng cột dựa lĩnh vực? The overall goal of the ASEAN Community is to build the association into a deeper and more binding intergovernmental organization on the legal basis of the ASEAN Charter APSC: Political – security -> Stability, peaceful APSC aims to create a peaceful and secure environment for development in Southeast Asia through enhancing political-security cooperation within ASEAN, combined with constructive participation and contribution of external partners AEC: Economic growth, outward-looking The AEC has the goal of creating a single market and a unified production base, in which there is free movement of goods, services, investment, capital and skilled labor, thereby enhancing competitiveness and promote common prosperity for the whole region, creating attractiveness for investment and business from outside ASCC: Soicoty Culture -> Social prospect, cultural development ASCC's goal is to contribute to building a people-centered ASEAN Community; have a social responsibility to build lasting solidarity and unity among the nations and peoples of ASEAN by moving towards a common identity; building a sharing, caring, harmonious and open society where people's lives, living standards and welfare are enhanced Long term goal: Narrow the development Gap AEC: Single market and production base + Single market: Free flow of goods + services + Production base: Factor of productions (AFTA) AFAS > GATS (WTO) The reasons for the difference can be mentioned as follows: The AEC is an open and flexible association, the conditions for joining the AEC are not too strict, the cooperation and assistance among member countries is always a top priority, and the AEC is an association To a greater extent among member states, ASEAN's inter-country support and cohesion has promoted trade liberalization Therefore, the liberalization of trade in services by AEC is deeper In contrast, the WTO is a global trade organization, including developed countries, moreover, the conditions for joining the WTO are quite tight, in the WTO there is always fierce competition between countries member states, this has partly prevented the degree of trade liberalization among countries in the WTO In ASEAN, there are four modes of service provision: Cross-border service provision (Excluding the movement of natural persons) Consumption abroad Example: Travel services Commercial presence (Providing services through commercial means in another country) Example: Business cooperation contract, joint venture company, 100% foreign owned company, branch representative office Presence of natural persons (The movement of researchers and scientists with recognized degrees and practice certificates) Competitive economic region helps to create a business-friendly and innovation-supporting regional environment That is achievable through the adoption of common frameworks, standards and mutual cooperation across many areas, such as in agriculture and financial services, and in competition policy, intellectual property rights, and consumer protection It also supports improvements in transport connectivity and other infrastructure networks; these have facilitated cross-border transportation and contributed to reducing overall costs of doing business, while providing ASEAN people and businesses with better opportunities to work together more productively (Domestic enterprise, Foreign enterprise) Non – discriminatery Competition policy (For business) Competition policy can be defined as a government policy that helps maintain the level of competition in markets (This includes governmental measures that directly affect the behaviour of enterprises, as well as the structure of industries and markets.) Competition policy basically covers: + A set of policies that promote competition in local and national markets For example policies to eliminate restrictive trade practices, favour market entry and exit, reduce unnecessary governmental interventions and put greater reliance on market forces; and + A competition law that comprises specific legislation and regulations aimed at preventing anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominance and anti-competitive mergers Purposes: Preserving competition within markets by eradicating anti – competitive behaviour of corporation Introducing the “level – playing field” for all market players that will help market to be competitive Providing the market with a set of “rules of the game” that protect the competition process itself, rather than competitors in the market Motivating firms to undertake research and development to meet consumers needs Competition action plan (ACAP): The ASEAN Competition Action Plan (ACAP) 2025 details the strategic goals, initiatives and outcomes on competition policy and law in ASEAN over the next 10 years (20162025) The ACAP 2025 contains five strategic goals which are: Effective competition regimes are established in all AMS: This strategic goal builds on the commitment of ASEAN to “endeavor to introduce competition policy in all Member States by 2015” Capacities of competition-related agencies are enhanced: Once a competition law has been adopted, the more complex challenge of implementation begins The initiatives under this strategic goal are oriented towards addressing capacity building gaps in view of a set of skills or competencies that competition agencies and related actors (including, among others, judges, lawyers, economists) should possess in order to be able to effectively enforce the law Regional cooperation arrangements on CPL are established: The initiatives under this strategic goal serve to advance the regional cooperation agenda on CPL and essentially build on the initiatives carried out under the strategic goals related to the strengthening of national competition regimes in ASEAN (no and no 2) A competition-aware region is fostered: This strategic goal is cross-cutting and focuses on developing both a competition culture and a wider competition community to promote fair competition in the region To move towards greater convergence of competition policy and law in ASEAN: Regional harmonization of competition policy and law is one step further, after the ASEAN has successfully introduced national legislations in respective Member States (under goal no 1) and effectively enforced these rules (under goal no 2) Impact for business and the economy Benefits Competition policy creates a level playing field for business Without clear rules on competition, companies can concentrate their power, engage in price-fixing or use other means to restrict market access for their competitors A sound competition policy allows for companies to enter markets when they see opportunities, and to leave when they are no longer able to operate effectively In doing so, it is an important instrument to monitor business practices Competition drives innovation It forces companies to lower their costs and provide better products and services than their competitors In order to stay in their respective markets, companies continuously need to enhance their operations and productivity This provides incentives for technology transfer and investments in innovation Competition fosters economic growth in the long run In a competitive setting, markets work better as resources are efficiently allocated and utilized Distortions resulting from anti-competitive practices are prevented A highly competitive private sector contributes to a country’s overall competitiveness as domestic companies are better suited to compete in export markets, or against imports in their home markets An effective competition regime indicates a conducive business environment, both to domestic and foreign investors Drawbacks Competition in business decreases an individual companies market share and shrinks the available customer base, especially if demand is limited A competitive market can also force lower prices to stay competitive, decreasing profit margins for each sale or service Consumer policy (For customer) Autonomy in product selection, information transparency, affordable price Benefits Competition policy leads to greater consumer sovereignty and welfare In a fair and competitive business environment, companies are under constant pressure to respond to consumer preferences in order to attract more customers and thus increase their market share This means that they are forced to offer the best possible quality at reasonable or reduced prices In other words, consumers have a wider range of goods and services to choose from Competition policy is closely linked to poverty reduction The poor are often beneficiaries of government-funded services or infrastructure With the elimination of bid-rigging in public procurement, as one of the core instruments of competition policy, governments are able to get the best value for money At the same time, economically disadvantaged groups can gain access to affordable electricity, water, telecommunication or financial services, among others Drawbacks Clients must also deal with the disadvantages of competition Because competition in business can be brutal on companies, it may harm companies clients regularly support For example, if your favorite restaurant goes out of business because of too much competition, you'll never get to eat there again Equitable economic development Small entrepreneurs, in particular, benefit from low(-er) entry and exit barriers to markets A level playing field allows them to purchase inputs and sell outputs at fair prices and on fair terms In turn, consumers of all strata of society are presented with adequately priced goods and services to choose from Integration into global economy Opportunities and challenges of Vietnam when joining ACFTA Challenges Vietnam is at risk of becoming destination for obsolete technology from China, a trend that could have adverse impact on the ongoing efforts towards industrial modernisation Currently, Vietnam faces three challenges emanating from closer economic relations with China: increasing trade deficit, import of low-quality products and transfer of obsolete technology This long-term import surplus, especially with the elimination of all tariffs under ACFTA from 2015, will create more pressures for domestic producers and will negatively affect macro economy, especially the foreign exchange rate Opportunities It is recognised that competing in ASEAN + China market under ACFTA is vital for Vietnam to prepare for its full market economy status and competition in the global market The benefits from strengthening the cooperation with ASEAN and China will contribute to increasing Vietnam’s export and production capacity Vietnam, ASEAN and China will participate more effectively in the regional and global supply chain As ASEAN steps to an in-depth integration phase, economic structure in Vietnam will also witness changes Liên hệ tới Việt Nam The ASEAN Economic Community has been creating opportunities and challenges for our economy, businesses and people Opportunities Joining the AEC as well as participating in free trade agreements between ASEAN and partners, on the one hand helps Vietnam attract foreign direct investment, on the other hand is also a bridge for Vietnam to access potential markets within and outside the region The implementation of commitments in ASEAN has been creating a foundation for Vietnam to continue to expand and strengthen relations with non-ASEAN partners, especially major countries, thereby contributing to enhancing its role and position in the ASEAN region international of Vietnam It can be said that ASEAN integration has so far been considered an important "fulcrum" for Vietnam's international economic integration Challenges Of course, alongside the opportunities are challenges we will also have to face and overcome One of Vietnam's biggest challenges when participating in the AEC is the difference in development level compared to the original 06 member countries of ASEAN (ASEAN-6) However, in the past 26 years, the gap between us and the group of ASEAN countries has narrowed significantly Even in many criteria, the most important of which are the human development index (HDI) (Vietnam's HDI index in 2019 is 0.704, belongs to the high human development group) and per capita income ( reaching 2,660 USD in 2020), we have made a step closer to the previous ASEAN countries Particularly in terms of export turnover and attracting foreign investment, we have even surpassed many other ASEAN-6 countries Solutions We need to soon approve the RCEP Agreement to put the largest-scale Free Trade Agreement in the world in terms of population into practice, contributing to promoting regional supply chains At the same time, we also need to coordinate with other ASEAN countries to promote the building of stable, sustainable, rules-based cooperation frameworks with foreign partners in order to expand export markets attract investment from outside the bloc Maintaining the momentum from the successes of the ASEAN Chairmanship 2020, in the coming time, Vietnam needs to show its orientation to continue to consider ASEAN integration as one of the priorities in the process of international economic integration affirming the spirit of initiative and dynamism in the implementation of initiatives to implement the ASEAN Economic Community, contributing to strengthening the close cohesion, promoting the qualities of a dynamic ASEAN economic region, affirming the role of the ASEAN Economic Community central role in economic cooperation in the region Impact of AEC on Vietnam's trade + Positive impact Joining AEC will help Vietnam increase the volume of trade with countries in the region One of the pillars of the AEC Master Plan is the formation of a single market and a single production base Impact of AEC on export growth ASEAN is currently Vietnam's leading important trading partner and the driving force for our country's economy to maintain its growth and export rates for many years, surpassing the EU, Japan, China or the US With the advantage of being a dynamically developing region, geographically close, trade relations between Vietnam and ASEAN have a high growth rate Joining AEC will have a positive impact on changing the structure of export products In the past time, the structure of Vietnam's exports to ASEAN is changing in a positive direction, improving both in quality and value In addition to agricultural products and raw materials such as rice, coffee, rubber, and crude oil with low manufacturing content, Vietnam has exported many consumer goods and industrial goods such as computer components, textiles, processed agricultural products, cosmetics with high and stable value Participating in AEC will have a positive impact on expanding the market share of Vietnamese goods in relevant markets, most clearly in ASEAN countries, Korea and Japan In fact, the market share of Vietnamese goods in these markets has increased dramatically and maintained a stable increase right after the FTAs took effect Vietnamese enterprises are increasingly proactive and active in taking advantage of tax incentives in FTAs The rate of goods enjoying preferential treatment of Vietnam (meeting origin requirements) is high compared to regional partners and always tends to increase over the years of implementation + Negative impact With the acceleration of intra-regional trade liberalization, tariff and non-tariff barriers among AEC member countries will be gradually eliminated With such a deep tax reduction, in the future, goods from ASEAN countries will flood the Vietnamese market, making it even more difficult to improve Vietnam's trade deficit with ASEAN countries Vietnam's export products will face competition from other countries' goods on the ASEAN market In the coming time, the AEC will be formed, creating a common market without barriers for goods, services, capital Goods in ASEAN member countries will have the same preferential tax rates, then the competitiveness Competition will focus on the quality and added value of the product Meanwhile, with current equipment and technology, it is difficult for Vietnamese enterprises' products to compete with export products of other countries in the bloc When ASEAN implements trade liberalization with partners such as Korea, China, Japan, India, EU , high-quality products of Japan, Korea, and EU will have many advantages advantage when entering the ASEAN market Thus, Vietnam's exports to ASEAN will face more difficulties Trade facilitation in the AEC will create competition of imported goods for production and business products, industries or fields right in the Vietnamese market Currently, in major cities of Vietnam such as Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City, products originating from ASEAN appear more and more When an economy is not fully prepared against competitors in the condition that tariff barriers are removed soon, it will lead to economic losses in the unequal competition, while also put pressure on Vietnam's nascent industry Solutions for Vietnam's trade to integrate into the AEC effectively Implementing economic innovation: To participate effectively in the AEC roadmap, one of the most important factors is that Vietnam needs to make efforts in reforming domestic regulations such as simplifying administrative procedures, systematization and regulation of ineffective or contradictory laws At the same time, in addition to properly, sufficiently and actively implementing commitments, the Government of Vietnam needs support for businesses, minimizing business transaction costs through cutting input costs production and service provision in the shortest time Strengthen propaganda, raise awareness about AEC: We need to enhance the role of domestic trade promotion organizations as well as trade deals in ASEAN countries Improvement in the application of tax rates in the Free Trade Area (FTA): Currently, in Vietnam, there are still many cases where this preferential rate has not been properly applied, many cases where the tax rate is higher than the tax rate agreed upon among the most favored nation (MFN) countries Enhance the efficiency of input supply for production and services, especially increase the efficiency of input supply industries for production and services such as transportation, electricity, telecommunications, and finance and banks so that the economy as a whole gets production inputs and services at lower cost and higher quality Unified and transparent policy: An open and free investment framework for capital flows through reforming market regulations towards more transparency, predictability and effectiveness; a common tariff policy with the outside so that the market is not fragmented Promoting infrastructure construction: A trans-ASEAN infrastructure network through calling for investment and funding to synchronously develop a network of transport, information, and secure transactions between members and with world On the side of Vietnamese enterprises, in addition to having specialized personnel to build the market, they also need to prepare carefully from products, packaging, designs, specifications, etc to methods of market penetration Fit At the same time, the market development process needs to closely follow the consumption trends of the people of each ASEAN country The business process also needs to be linked with a reputable and capable domestic distributor Practically, the products of each country and each enterprise are included in the value chain of the region or the value chain of the whole world bridge Which are the opportunities and challenges of ASEAN community after Covid 19? Challenges: Cascading down Regional Commitment Strengthening Inter – pillar Coordination Raising awareness about ASEAN Intensifying Engagement with Civil Societies 5 Narrowing the development gap Opportunites: Youth leadership development Youth – led ASEAN awareness promotion Youth Volunteerism and Participation Youth Entrepreneurship ... hệ thương mại, cấu kinh tế (Brunei – Dầu mỏ), Chính sách kinh tế đặc trưng Chapter 4: ASEAN Economic Community ASEAN Community building (3 pillars) AEC (4 pillars) Vì ASEAN lại xây dựng cột... of Countries in ASEAN (CPR), resident in Jakarta, Indonesia; ASEAN Secretariat and ASEAN Secretary-General; National ASEAN Secretariat In addition, ASEAN will also establish an ASEAN Human Rights... fading national identity Chapter 2: ASEAN diversity Economic growth -> Basic economic indicators of ASEAN -> Analysis the economies of ASEAN_ 6 Chapter 3: ASEAN – International Trade International