Lecture Software process improvement: Lesson 17 provide students with knowledge about: CMMI staged maturity level 3; process areas for maturity level 3; select work products for verification; establish the verification environment; establish verification procedures and criteria;... Please refer to the detailed content of the lecture!
CMMI Staged Maturity Level 3 2 Lecture #17 1 Process Areas for Maturity Level 3 • • • • • • • • • • • Requirements Development Technical Solution Product Integration Verification Validation Organizational Process Focus Organizational Process Definition (with IPPD) Organizational Training Integrated Project Management (with IPPD) Risk Management Decision Analysis and Resolution 2 Verification PA 4 3 Verification • The purpose of Verification (VER) is to ensure that selected work products meet their specified requirements • Specific goals for this process area are – SG1 Prepare for Verification – SG2 Perform Peer Reviews – SG3 Verify Selected Work Products 4 SG1 Prepare for Verification – Specific Practices • SP 1.1 Select Work Products for Verification • SP 1.2 Establish the Verification Environment • SP 1.3 Establish Verification Procedures and Criteria 5 SG2 Perform Peer Reviews – Specific Practices • SP 2.1 Prepare for Peer Reviews • SP 2.2 Conduct Peer Reviews • SP 2.3 Analyze Peer Review Data 6 SG3 Verify Selected Work Products – Specific Practices • SP 3.1 Perform Verification • SP 3.2 Analyze Verification Results 7 Verification • The Verification PA allows the usage of test setups and test simulators. Sometimes, the same test setups and simulators may be used for Validation as well—you just use them for different purposes, looking for different things • Acceptance testing is mentioned here 8 Things People Forget 1 • • • • You don’t need to test everything You do need to test almost everything You cannot test in quality You must do both peer reviews and testing. You can peer review and test the same products or different products. Try to ensure total coverage of the product, by one means or the other, if possible 9 Things People Forget 2 • What is a peer? If you are peer reviewing code, a peer is a coder. If you are peer reviewing a project plan, a peer is another project manager. Do not mix people of different job status—for example, do not mix project managers in with coders. They are not peers • A peer review board is not one person • Peer reviews are not the place to philosophic discussions. Keep it short and sweet and focus on finding errors 10 10 • Disaster Recovery may be included as part of an organization’s risk management culture and is included in a subpractice. Considering the risks associated with Continuity of Operations has also been added • A risk repository can be built at the organization level 77 77 Things People Forget • This PA is the big time of risk management. This PA is not just about listing risks and reviewing them at project meetings. It is about studying the risks and measuring their impact and probability on project activities • The main focus of this PA is on project risks. However, the same concepts can be applied to organizational risks 78 78 • There are no generic practices that directly map to this process area 79 79 Risk Management • Risk Management includes identifying and categorizing risks; generating a risk management strategy; analyzing risks; documenting risk mitigation plans; mitigating risks; and monitoring the risk effort 80 80 Decision Analysis and Resolution PA 11 81 81 Decision Analysis and Resolution • The purpose of Decision Analysis and Resolution (DAR) is to analyze possible decisions using a formal evaluation process that evaluates identified alternatives against established criteria • Specific goal for this process area is – SG1 Evaluate Alternatives 82 82 SG1 Evaluate Alternatives – Specific Practices • SP 1.1 Establish Guidelines for Decision Analysis • SP 1.2 Establish Evaluation Criteria • SP 1.3 Identify Alternative Solutions • SP 1.4 Select Evaluation Methods • SP 1.5 Evaluate Alternatives • SP 1.6 Select Solutions 83 83 Process Area • Why is this process area needed? The rationale is to provide managers and analysts with a mechanism to make decisions. This mechanism requires a formal approach to determine which issues need the formal approach of DAR and what that mechanism should be • Difficulty of using this PA 84 84 Things People Forget 1 • You must define when this PA should be used. Otherwise, some projects will use it for every decision, and some projects will not use it at all 85 85 Things People Forget 2 • You must create and document “established criteria.” These criteria are used to judge proposed alternatives. Your criteria may already have been established as part of a technical or contractual requirement. However, the criteria for allowing or disallowing an alternative may change, depending on changes to the project involved with budget, personnel, schedule, safety, and other unanticipated factors. Document all changes to the criteria, why the change was made, who initiated the change, and the impact and results of the change 86 86 • There are no generic practices that directly map to this process area 87 87 Decision Analysis and Resolution • Decision Analysis and Resolution includes determining which decisions will be part of a formal decisionmaking evaluation process; creating evaluation criteria; determining the types of evaluation methods to use; and determining alternative solutions 88 88 Level 3’s Process Areas • Engineering PAs: Requirements Development, Technical Solution, Product Integration, Verification, and Validation • Process Management PAs: Organization Process Focus, Organization Process Definition, and Organizational Training • Project Management PAs: Integrated Project Management and Risk Management • Support PAs: Decision Analysis and Resolution 89 89 Summary 90 90 References • Interpreting the CMMI: A Process Improvement Approach, Second Edition, by Margaret K. Kulpa and Kent A. Johnson, Auerbach Publication, 2008 (electronic file), (Chapter 6) 91 91 ... validation? ?process 23 23 Organizational? ?Process? ?Focus PA 6 24 24 Organizational? ?Process? ?Focus • The purpose of Organizational? ?Process? ? Focus (OPF) is to plan, implement, and deploy organizational? ?process? ?... weaknesses of the organization’s processes and? ?process? ?assets 25 25 SG1 Determine? ?Process? ? Improvement Opportunities – Specific Practices • SP 1.1 Establish Organizational? ?Process? ? Needs • SP 1.2 Appraise the Organization’s ... SP 1.2 Appraise the Organization’s Processes • SP 1.3 Identify the Organization’s? ?Process? ? Improvements 26 26 SG2 Plan and Implement? ?Process? ? Improvements – Specific Practices • SP 2.1 Establish? ?Process? ?Action Plans