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Organizational behavior: Lecture 25 provide students with knowledge about: contingency variables that influence use of power tactics; the power corruption cycle; political behavior in organizations; political activity levels;... Please refer to this lesson for details!
Organizational Behavior (MGT-502) Lecture-25 Summary of Lecture-24 Concept of Power Power - the ability to influence another person Influence - the process of affecting the thoughts, behavior, & feelings of another person Authority - the right to influence another person Sources of Organizational Power: Interpersonal Reward Power - agent’s ability to control the rewards that the target wants Coercive Power - agent’s ability to cause an unpleasant experience for a target Legitimate Power - agent and target agree that agent has influential rights, based on position and mutual agreement Referent Power-based on interpersonal attraction Expert Power - agent has knowledge target needs Dependency: The Key To Power Two Faces of Power Personal Power – used for personal gain Social Power – used to create motivation – used to accomplish group goals Today’s Topics Contingency Variables that Influence Use of Power Tactics o Manager – Personality – Relative Power – Objectives for wanting to influence o Employee – Perception of employee’s willingness and ability to comply o Organization Culture Examples: Power & its Use in Organizations oDifferent forms of harassment oPolitical behavior oGroups & coalitions oImpression management oEthics and Power The Power Corruption Cycle Power and Resources with no Accountability Employee Reactions Compliance Submission Dependence Distance from Employees Consequences Inflated View Poor Decisions Coercion Lower Morale Ethics Violations Individual Factors Which Contribute to Political Behavior • Level of self monitoring • Need for power • Internal locus of control • Investment in the organization • Perceived alternatives • Expectations of success Organizational Factors Which Contribute to Political Behavior • Low trust • Role ambiguity • Democratic decision making • Self-serving senior managers • High performance pressures • Scarcity of resources • Unclear evaluation systems • Zero-sum allocations Types of Organizational Politics Managing impressions Creating obligations Attacking and blaming Types of Organizational Politics Cultivating networks Controlling information Forming coalitions Conditions for Organizational Politics Personal Characteristics Scarce Resources Conditions Supporting Organizational Politics Tolerance of Politics Complex and Ambiguous Decisions What Encourages Organizational Politics? Uncertain Resource Allocation Coordination and Integration Leadership Changes The Dark Side of Organizational Politics Deception Lying Organizational politics Intimidation Managing Organizational Politics Reduce System Uncertainty Reduce Competition Break Existing Political Fiefdoms Managing Political Behavior • • • • Maintain open communication Clarify performance expectations Use participative management Encourage cooperation among work groups • Manage scarce resources well • Provide a supportive organizational climate Managing Political Behavior Encourage Discourage Relationships Negativity Negotiation Self-Interest Compromise Destructive Behavior Controlling Political Behavior Provide Sufficient Resources Introduce Clear Rules Free Flowing Information Manage Change Effectively Remove Political Norms Hire Low-Politics Employees Increase Opportunities for Dialogue Peer Pressure Against Politics Ethical Guidelines for Political Behavior Unethical Question Is the action motivated by self-serving interests which exclude the goals of the organization? Yes Ethical Question Is the political activity fair and equitable? No Yes No Unethical Yes Question Does the political action respect individual rights? No Unethical Summary Next… Organizational Behavior (MGT-502) Lecture-25 ...Summary of Lecture- 24 Concept of Power Power - the ability to influence another person Influence - the process of affecting the thoughts, behavior, & feelings of another person Authority - the right... the political action respect individual rights? No Unethical Summary Next… Organizational Behavior (MGT-502) Lecture- 25 ... Legitimate Power - agent and target agree that agent has influential rights, based on position and mutual agreement Referent Power-based on interpersonal attraction Expert Power - agent has knowledge