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Eƌ͘ ϲϬ ΎΎΎ ϱϰ͘ϭ ϰϴ͘ϰ ϱϬ Ύ ΎΎ ϰϱ͘ϲ ϰϭ͘ϵ ZϸсϬ͘ϳϲϱϳ ϱϬ ϰϬ ϯϬ ϯϬ ϮϬ ϮϬ ϭϬ ϭϬ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ ϰϲ͘ϱ ϰϴ͘ϲ Ύ ΎΎ ϰϳ͘ϳ ϰϲ͘ϰ ϱϬ͘ϱ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ Ž ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ϰϵ͘ϲ ϰϮ͘ϲ ϰϬ Ϭ ZϸсϬ͘ϴϯϴϱ ϲϬ ϱϭ͘ϴ ΎΎ Ύ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ dƵůƵƐsĂƌŝĞƚLJ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ  ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ 'ŽƌƵŶϭsĂƌŝĞƚLJ  )LJ1XPEHURIJUDLQVSHUHDUDWWKHWZRWULWLFDOHYDULHWLHVVWXGLHGXQGHUGLIIHUHQWSUHFHGLQJFURSV VRLOWLOODJHDQGQLWURJHQIHUWLOL]DWLRQFRQGLWLRQV 3.6 Number of grains per spikelet ,QFDVHRI7XOXVYDULHW\WKHQXPEHURIJUDLQVSHUVSLNHOHWLVULVLQJLQSORXJKLQJFRQGLWLRQVDIWHUVXQIORZHUDQG ZKHQDSSO\LQJNJ1KDDWWKHPLGWHUPRIVWHPHORQJDWLRQWZRQRGHVJURZLQJVWDJH,QFDVHRI*RUXQWKLV YDULHW\FDSLWDOL]HVEHWWHUWKHQLWURJHQDSSOLHGLQWKHHDUO\VSULQJ)LJXUH  ϯ ϯ Eƌ͘ Ő ZϸсϬ͘ϳϮϬϲ Ϯ ϭ͘ϱϲ Ύ ZϸсϬ͘ϱϭϰϰ ΎΎΎϭ͘ϴϬ ϭ͘ϳϰ Ύ ϭ͘ϱϲ Ϯ ϭ͘ϳϯ ϭ͘ϳϮ ϭ͘ϳϮ ϭ͘ϳϯ ϭ͘ϲϵ Ύ Ύ Ύ ϭ͘ϴϬ ϭ͘ϳϳ ϭ͘ϱϬ ŽŽ ϭ Ϭ ϭ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ dƵůƵƐsĂƌŝĞƚLJ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ  ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ 'ŽƌƵŶϭsĂƌŝĞƚLJ  )LJ1XPEHURIJUDLQVSHUVSLNHOHWDWWKHWZRWULWLFDOHYDULHWLHVVWXGLHGXQGHUGLIIHUHQWSUHFHGLQJFURSV VRLOWLOODJHDQGQLWURJHQIHUWLOL]DWLRQFRQGLWLRQV 3.7 Grains weight per ear 7KHJUDLQZHLJKWSHUHDULVKLJKHULQ7XOXVYDULHW\FRPSDUHGZLWK*RUXQYDULHW\$W7XOXVYDULHW\WKHJUDLQ ZHLJKWSHUHDULQFUHDVHVJUHDWO\DIWHUVXQIORZHULQSORXJKLQJFRQGLWLRQVDQGZKHQDSSO\LQJNJ1KDLQWKHHDUO\ VSULQJRUDWWKHPLGWHUPRIVWHPHORQJDWLRQEXWUHGXFHVLQDOOH[SHULPHQWDOYDULDQWVLQFDVHRIIXOODSSOLFDWLRQRI QLWURJHQLQWKHHDUO\VSULQJ)LJXUH 100 Marin Dumbravă et al / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 94 – 103 ϯ ϯ Ő Ő ϭ͘ϲϱ ϭ͘ϲϯ Ϯ ΎΎ ϭ͘ϲϲ ΎΎ ϭ͘ϳϱ ΎΎ ϭ͘ϲϱ ZϸсϬ͘ϴϳϯϲ Ύ ZϸсϬ͘ϴϭϲϲ Ϯ ϭ͘ϳϬ ϭ͘ϱϱ ϭ͘ϱϱ ϭ͘ϰϵ Ž Ž ϭ͘ϳϮ ϭ͘ϲϭ ϭ͘ϱϮ Ž ŽŽŽ ϭ ϭ ŽŽ Ϭ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ dƵůƵƐsĂƌŝĞƚLJ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ  ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ 'ŽƌƵŶϭsĂƌŝĞƚLJ  )LJ*UDLQVZHLJKWSHUHDUDWWKHWZRWULWLFDOHYDULHWLHVVWXGLHGXQGHUGLIIHUHQWSUHFHGLQJFURSVVRLOWLOODJHDQGQLWURJHQIHUWLOL]DWLRQFRQGLWLRQV 3.8 Thousand grain weight 7KHJUDLQZHLJKWLVLQIOXHQFHGVLJQLILFDQWO\E\WKHQXPEHURIHDUVPWKHQXPEHURIJUDLQVSHUHDUDQGWKH JUDLQZHLJKWSHUHDU7KHKLJKHVWYDOXHVRIWKHJUDLQZHLJKW7*:DUHUHJLVWHUHGLQXQIHUWLOL]HGYDULDQWVRQ ZKLFK WKH QXPEHU RI HDUVP DQG WKH QXPEHU RI JUDLQV SHU HDU DUH ORZHU ,Q WKH YDULDQWV ZLWK KLJK GHQVLWLHV RI HDUVPDQGKLJKQXPEHURIJUDLQVSHUHDU7*:KDVWKHORZHVWYDOXHV)LJXUH  ϰϱ Ő ϰϬ ϰϱ ϯϱ ŽŽ ŽŽŽ ϯϬ Ő ZϸсϬ͘ϵϭϴϯ ϯϴ͘ϳ ϯϯ͘ϯ ϯϯ͘ϲ ϯϯ͘ϭ Ž Ž Ž ŽŽ ŽŽŽ ŽŽ ΎΎϯϲ͘Ϯ ŽŽ ŽŽ ϯϱ͘ϵ Ž ŽŽ ϯϯ͘Ϭ Ž Ž Ž Ž ϯϲ͘Ϯ ϯϱ͘ϲ ŽŽ ŽŽ Ž ŽŽ Ž Ž Ž ϯϰ͘ϰ Ž Ž Ϯϱ ϮϬ ϭϱ ϭϱ ϭϬ Ϭ ϯϰ͘ϴ ϯϬ ϮϬ ϱ ZϸсϬ͘ϴϴϰϱ ϯϴ͘ϴ ϯϱ ŽŽ ŽŽŽ Ϯϱ ϰϬ ϭϬ ϱ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ dƵůƵƐsĂƌŝĞƚLJ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ  ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ 'ŽƌƵŶϭsĂƌŝĞƚLJ  )LJ7KRXVDQGJUDLQZHLJKWDWWKHWZRWULWLFDOHYDULHWLHVVWXGLHGXQGHUGLIIHUHQWSUHFHGLQJFURSV VRLOWLOODJHDQGQLWURJHQIHUWLOL]DWLRQFRQGLWLRQV 3.9 Grain yield at 14% moisture content 7KHJUDLQ\LHOGDWKXPLGLW\LVKLJKHULQFDVHRI*RUXQYDULHW\FRPSDUHGZLWK7XOXVYDULHW\IRUPRVWRI H[SHULPHQWDOYDULDQWV*RUXQYDULHW\DFKLHYHVWKHKLJKHVWJUDLQ\LHOGVLQKDUURZLQJFRQGLWLRQVUHJDUGOHVVRIWKH SUHFHGLQJFURSDQGQLWURJHQIUDFWLRQDWLRQ)LJXUH :KHQ WKH SUHFHGLQJ FURS LV VXQIORZHU WKH JUDLQ \LHOG YDULHV EHWZHHQ  DQG  NJKD IRU PRVW RI H[SHULPHQWDO YDULDQWV DQG IRU *RUXQ  YDULHW\ ,Q FDVH RI7XOXV YDULHW\ WKH JUDLQ \LHOG UDQJHV EHWZHHQ DQG NJKDIRUPRVWRIH[SHULPHQWDOYDULDQWVUHJDUGOHVVRIWKHQLWURJHQIUDFWLRQDWLRQ,WKDVWREHXQGHUOLQHGWKDW JRRGJUDLQ\LHOGVZHUHDFKLHYHGLQWKHYDULDQWVZLWKQLWURJHQDSSOLFDWLRQLQWKHDXWXPQ  101 Marin Dumbravă et al / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 94 – 103 ϳϬϬϬ ŬŐͬŚĂ ϲϬϬϬ ϳϬϬϬ ŬŐͬŚĂ ϲϬϬϬ ZϸсϬ͘ϳϲϴϯ Ύ ϱϬϬϬ ϰϱϬϲ ϰϱϴϳ ϰϰϵϱ ZϸсϬ͘ϲϭϭϴ Ύ ϱϬϬϬ ϰϱϱϲ ϱϬϱϬ ΎΎΎ ϰϬϬϬ ϰϬϬϬ Ύ Ύ ΎΎΎ ϰϱϵϲ Ύ ϯϵϲϵ ϯϴϲϱ ΎΎ ϰϮϲϳ ΎΎΎ ϰϳϮϯ Ύ ϯϳϬϱ ϰϱϮϵ ΎΎ Ύ ϯϬϬϬ ϯϬϬϬ ϮϬϬϬ ϮϬϬϬ ϭϬϬϬ Ϭ Ž ϭϬϬϬ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ Ϭ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ dƵůƵƐsĂƌŝĞƚLJ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ  ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ 'ŽƌƵŶϭsĂƌŝĞƚLJ  )LJ*UDLQ\LHOGDWPRLVWXUHFRQWHQWDWWKHWZRWULWLFDOHYDULHWLHVVWXGLHGXQGHUGLIIHUHQWSUHFHGLQJFURSV VRLOWLOODJHDQGQLWURJHQIHUWLOL]DWLRQFRQGLWLRQV 3.10 Hectoliter weight 7KHKHFWROLWHUZHLJKWUHJLVWHUVODUJHYDULDWLRQVDFFRUGLQJWRWHFKQRORJLFDOFRQGLWLRQVSUHFHGLQJFURSVRLOWLOODJH DQG QLWURJHQ IHUWLOL]DWLRQ FRQGLWLRQV +RZHYHU WKH KLJKHVW YDOXHV RI WKH KHFWROLWHU ZHLJKW DUH UHJLVWHUHG LQ SORXJKLQJFRQGLWLRQVUHJDUGOHVVRIWKHSUHFHGLQJFURSDQGQLWURJHQIUDFWLRQDWLRQ)LJXUH ,QWKHXQIHUWLOL]HGYDULDQWWKHKLJKYDOXHVRIWKHKHFWROLWHUZHLJKWDUHGHWHUPLQHGE\WKHVPDOOQXPEHURIHDUVP DQGWKHVPDOOQXPEHURIJUDLQVSHUHDUZKLFKKDYHLQIOXHQFHGWKHDSSDUHQWGHQVLW\RIJUDLQV  ϳϮ ŬŐͬϭϬϬů ϳϬ ŬŐͬϭϬϬů ZϸсϬ͘ϵϭϯϮ ϲϴ͘ϴ ϲϲ ϲϰ͘ϵ ϲϰ ŽŽ ŽŽ ϲϮ ŽŽ ϲϱ͘ϯ Ž ϲϰ͘ϴ ŽŽŽ ϲϯ͘ϰ ŽŽŽ ŽŽŽ ŽŽ ŽŽŽ ϱϴ ϲϱ͘ϵ ϲϴ͘ϰ ZϸсϬ͘ϵϬϯϳ ϲϳ͘ϯ ϲϲ Ž ϲϱ͘ϯ ϲϯ͘ϵ ϲϰ ŽŽŽ ŽŽ ŽŽ ϲϬ Ž ŽŽ ϲϮ ŽŽ ϲϯ͘ϱ ϲϰ͘ϵ Ž ŽŽ ϲϬ ϱϴ ŽŽŽ ϱϲ ϱϲ ϱϮ ϳϬ ϲϴ ϲϴ ϱϰ ϳϮ ϱϰ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ ϱϮ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ dƵůƵƐsĂƌŝĞƚLJ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ŽŶƚƌŽů sĂƌŝĂŶƚƐ  ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ 'ŽƌƵŶϭsĂƌŝĞƚLJ  )LJ+HFWROLWHUZHLJKWDWWKHWZRWULWLFDOHYDULHWLHVVWXGLHGXQGHUGLIIHUHQWSUHFHGLQJFURSVVRLOWLOODJHDQGQLWURJHQIHUWLOL]DWLRQFRQGLWLRQV 3.11 Grain protein content 7KHSURWHLQFRQWHQWRIWKHWULWLFDOHJUDLQVZDVLQIOXHQFHGVLJQLILFDQWO\E\YDULHW\SUHFHGLQJFURSVRLOWLOODJHDQG QLWURJHQIHUWLOL]DWLRQ)LJXUH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arin Dumbravă et al / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 94 – 103 ϭϲ ϭϲ ϭϭ͘ϳ ϭϭ͘ϳ ϭϮ ϭϬ͘Ϯ ϭϮ͘ϳ ϭϮ͘ϲ ΎΎΎ ϭϭ͘ϵ ΎΎ ΎΎ ΎΎ ΎΎ ϭϰ ϭϮ ϭϬ ϴ ϴ ϲ ϲ ŽŶƚƌŽůsĂƌŝĂŶƚ ϭϬ ϰ Ϯ Ϭ ϭϯ͘Ϭ ϭϬ͘ϳ ϰ Ϯ Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ ZϸсϬ͘ϳϱϭϱ й ZϸсϬ͘ϵϮϬϯ ϭϰ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ϭϮ͘Ϯ ΎΎΎ ϭϰ͘Ϭ ϭϯ͘ϰ ΎΎΎ ΎΎΎ ϭϯ͘ϯ ΎΎΎ ΎΎΎ ŽŶƚƌŽůsĂƌŝĂŶƚ й ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ dƵůƵƐsĂƌŝĞƚLJ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ  ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ 'ŽƌƵŶϭsĂƌŝĞƚLJ  )LJ*UDLQSURWHLQFRQWHQWDWWKHWZRWULWLFDOHYDULHWLHVVWXGLHGXQGHUGLIIHUHQWSUHFHGLQJFURSV VRLOWLOODJHDQGQLWURJHQIHUWLOL]DWLRQFRQGLWLRQV 3.12 Grain starch content 7KHVWDUFKFRQWHQWRIWKHWULWLFDOHJUDLQVFRUUHODWHGQHJDWLYHO\ZLWKWKHSURWHLQFRQWHQW7KXV7XOXVYDULHW\KDV UHDOL]HGKLJKHUYDOXHVRIWKHVWDUFKFRQWHQWWKHQ*RUXQYDULHW\7KHKLJKHVWVWDUFKFRQWHQWZDVUHJLVWHUHGLQWKH XQIHUWLOL]HG YDULDQW UHJDUGOHVV RI YDULHW\ SUHFHGLQJ FURS DQG VRLO WLOODJH $OVR WKH KLJKHVW VWDUFK FRQWHQW ZDV UHJLVWHUHGLQWKHYDULDQWVZLWKSORZLQJDVVRLOWLOODJH)LJXUH  ϲϴ ϲϳ ϲϲ ϲϵ ZϸсϬ͘ϵϭϳϴ ϲϳ͘ϴ ϲϲ͘ϳ ϲϲ͘ϲ Ž Ž ϲϱ ϲϱ͘ϲ ϲϱ͘ϱ ŽŽŽ ŽŽŽ й ϲϴ ϲϲ͘ϱ ϲϳ Ž ϲϲ ϲϯ ϲϯ ŽŶƚƌŽůsĂƌŝĂŶƚ ϲϰ ϲϭ ϲϬ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ ZϸсϬ͘ϳϴϮ ŽŽŽ ϲϭ ϲϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗Ϭ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ dƵůƵƐsĂƌŝĞƚLJ ϲϰ͘ϭ ŽŽ ϲϮ ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϲϱ͘ϲ Ž ϲϰ͘ϵ ϲϱ ϲϰ ϲϮ ϲϲ͘ϴ ϲϰ͘ϲ ŽŽŽ ϲϰ͘ϰ ŽŽŽ ŽŶƚƌŽůsĂƌŝĂŶƚ ϲϵ й ϰϬ͗ϰϬ͗ϰϬ ϰϬ͗ϴϬ͗Ϭ Ϭ͗ϰϬ͗ϴϬ Ϭ͗ϴϬ͗ϰϬ Ϭ͗ϭϮϬ͗Ϭ EŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ  ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WůŽƵŐŚŝŶŐ^ƵŶĨůŽǁĞƌ WŽůLJ͘;ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ,ĂƌƌŽǁŝŶŐDĂŝnjĞ ǀĞƌĂŐĞĨŽƌEŝƚƌŽŐĞŶƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ 'ŽƌƵŶϭsĂƌŝĞƚ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arin Dumbravă et al / Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10 (2016) 94 – 103 $FNQRZOHGJHPHQWV 7KH UHVHDUFKHV FDUULHG RXW IRU WKH HODERUDWLRQ RI WKH SUHVHQW SDSHU ZHUH ILQDQFHG E\ 5RPDQLDQ 3URJUDP ³3DUWQHUVKLSV IRU 3ULRULW\ 'RPDLQV´ SURMHFW 31,,373&&$ ³237,PL]DWLRQ RI %,20DVV DQG $SSURDFKWR:DWHUFRQVHUYDWLRQ´237,%,20$:&RQWUDFWQR 5HIHUHQFHV $ODU\ 0 0ROOHU % +DQVHQ $  7ULWLFDOH \LHOG IRUPDWLRQ DQG TXDOLW\ 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