Tieu ban Khoa hoc Vdt lieu ISBN 978 604 913 011 3 PIN MAT TROil HUtJ CO Nguyen Due Nghia, Nguyen Hong Minh, Ngo Trinh Tiing Vien Hda hpc 18 Hoang Qudc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Ndi Email ducnghia264(a) fpt v[.]
Tieu ban: Khoa hoc Vdt lieu ISBN: 978-604-913-011 -3 PIN MAT TROil HUtJ CO Nguyen Due Nghia, Nguyen Hong Minh, Ngo Trinh Tiing Vien Hda hpc 18 - Hoang Qudc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Ndi Email: ducnghia264(a).fpt.vn Tom tat: Trong thi ky thu XXI ndng lugng Id vdn di hdng ddu md thi gidi phdi giai quyit Vi vdy viec tim kiim ndng lugng khdc dang ddt bdi todn phdi gidi qiiyit ciia cdc nhd khoa hoc mgi ITnh vuc, dd linh vuc su dung ndng lugng mgt trdi dugc ddc biit qugn tdm vd ddu tu mgnh cd vi khoa hgc,cdng nghi vd kinh phi Mdt nhirng hudng khoa hgc ddy triin vgng Id Pin mdt trdi hiiu ca theg cdng nghi ngno Trong bdo ndy chimg tdi trinh bdy mdt sd kit qud khoa hgc vd cdng nghi vi chi tao pin mgt trdi hint ca nano chuang trinh khoa hoc vdt liiu ciia Viin KH&CN Viet Nam Abstract: Energy becomes the most problem of the world in the 2P' century Searching for other energy sources requires scientist's effort in all of scientific areas The use of solar energy attracts special attention in science and technology with increasing in research funds One of promising trends is organic solar cells based on nanotechnology In this review, we report here some science and technology achievements in organic solar cells technology as part of materials science program of Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology I MO DAU Trong the ky thir XXI, nang lugng la van de hang dau ma the gidi phai giai quyet Nhit la bdi canh ngudn dau md dan hi can kiet, gia len cao, ngudn cung cap khdng In dinh Ngudn than da ciing cd ban va d nhiem mdi trudng Vi vay viec tim kiem nang lugng khac dang dat bai toan phai giai quyet ciia cac nha khoa hpc mpi ITnh vyc Nhimg ngudn nang lugng cd trien vgng nhu nang lugng hat nhan, nhiet bach, nang lugng sinh hpc, nang lugng gid, sdng bien, thuy trieu, pin nhien lieu va nang lugng mat trdi So vdi cac ngudn nang lugng khac ngudn nang lugng mat trdi cd nhiing uu diem: Ngudn nang lugng vd tan Trang thiet bi don gian Cd the trien khai mpi nai Nang lugng sach khdng gay d nhiem mdi trudng [1] Tir nhiing nam 1970 ciia the ky trudc, Pin mat trdi ban dan hihi ca da dugc nghien ciru cbl tao nhung vi hieu suat chuyen hda thap nen nd khdng dugc chii y Den nam 1986 C.Tang cua Eastman Kodak phat minh pin mat trdi hiin ca tren ca sd hon hgp ciia Copper Phtalocyanine (CuPc) va Perylene tetracarboxylic derivation vdi hieu suit chuyin hda tren 1%, md trien vgng cd the phat trien img dyng loai pin OSC Sau la mpt loat cdng trinh khoa hpc va phat minh sang che ve pin mat trdi hiin ca nano (NOSC) So vdi pin mat trdi vd ca, pin mat trdi he hiin ca cau tnic nano cd nhirng un diem: - Cdng nghe che tao don gian, cd kha nang tao tam Idn - Tinh mem deo, sudt - De bien tinh cd dp linh dpng cao 114 Hgi nghi Khoa hoc ky niim 35 ndm Vien Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Not 10/2010 - Nhe va gia thap Tir nam 1990 vdi cdng nghe nano cac nha khoa hpc da che tao pin mat trdi bun ca mang mdng nano vdi chat hiru ca fullerence (Cgo) dat hieu suat quang dien tren 1% [2,] Den nam 2000, cimg vdi sy tap trung nghien cuu cao dp, cac phdng thi nghiem cua My, Nhat da che tao dugc OSC vdi hieu suat 5% [3] Nam 2005 vdi sy dieu chinh cau tnic vat lieu ban din hiin ca ngudi ta da che tao dugc OSC dat hieu suat phat quang den 10-11% Vdi kit qua tren md rdng kha nang ung dyng rdng rai OSC Cac nude dau tu nghien cuu nhilu OSC la My, Nhat, Tay Au, Han Qudc, Uc vdi thi phan phat minh sang ehl nam 2006: My 74%, Nhat 10%, Han quIc 6%o va \0% la cac nude cdn lai II NHCTNG K E T Q U A KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE Che tao pin mat troi hiru cc - Phong thi nghiem Hoa hoc Nano, Vien Hoa hoc, Vien Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Viet Nam O Viet Nam, pin mat trdi hihi ca bat dau dugc trien khai nghien ciin tir nam 2005 bang de tai khoa hpc chuang trinh khoa hpc vat lieu ciia Vien KH&CN Viet nam Bang sy nd lyc ciia cac can bd khoa hpc thyc hien de tai nghien ciin ve OSC va thdng qua hgp tac qudc te, thdi gian ngan vira qua, tap the cac nha khoa hpc thyc hien de tai da dat dugc mpt sd ket qua khoa hpc va cdng nghe cao, vdi nhieu cdng trinh khoa hpc dang tren tap chi qudc te, da lam chii dugc cdng nghe che tao mdt vai loai Pin mat trdi cd hieu suat cao, tuong duong vdi ket qua nghien cuu ciia nhieu phdng thi nghiem tren the gidi Dudi day xin trinh bay nhirng qua KH&CN da dat dugc ciia Phdng Thi nghiem Hda hpc Nano, Vien Hda hpc, ve de tai Pin mat trdi him ca [4,5] 1-Pin mat troi mang mong hCru co Donor/Acceptor (D-A) hieu suat cao (Bulk heterojunction polymer Donor/Apcceptor solar cells) 1.1 Qud trinh cdng nghi chi tgo linh kiin Pin OSC D/A " w s P3HT poly(3-hexylthiophene) PCBM ([6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester Hinh I; Cdu tgg ciia P3HTvd PCBM diing chi tgo OSC Trong OSC he yat lipu cho nhan (Donor/Acceeptor) vdi ciu tnic hai pha lien tuc dugc cho la cd hieu suat tdt nhat De dat dugc dien tfch bl mat tilp xiic Idn nhit, vat lieu nhan phai cd dp hda tan cao dung mdi hiin ca Vi vay, din suit ciia FuUerene CdO la ([6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) da dugc sir dyng lam vat lieu nhan dien tir he vat lieu cd dp ding nhat cao dung dich vdi chit polyme cho dien tir la poly(3hexylthiophene) (P3HT) Trong nghien cuu nay, chung tdi da cbl tao Pin OSC cd hieu suit cao tren 3,6%o, ddng thdi ciing khao sat cac ylu t l anh hudng din hieu suit cua OSC he Donor/ Acceeptor vdi vat lieu lai he P3HT/PCBM 115 ISBN: 978-604-913-011-3 Tieu ban: Khoa hoc Vdt liiu Quy trinh che tao Pin OSC loai dugc tien hanh phii timg ldp theo phuong phap spin coating bao gdm ldp PEDOT;PSS, ldp P3HT:PCBM:CB tilp theo phii mang dien cyc LiF: Al Nhu hinh 4.S0niTi Glass Hinh 2; Sa dd cdu tgg pin mdt trdi dgng Donor/Acceptor 1.2 Dgc trung phglocurrent- pholovoltgge eug Pin OSC dgng D/A sir dung P3HT/PCBM Dac trung J-V ciia Pin OSC dang D/A sir dyng P3HT/PCBM dugc xac dinh chieu anh sang cd cudng dp AM 1.5G (100 mW/cm^) dat hieu suit 2.0-3,6%).[6] 2- Pin mat troi hiiu co' diep luc (Chlorophill) - Mo phong sinh hoc Hinh 3; Qud trinh qugng hgp Irong lir nhiin 2.1 Md phdng qud trinh quang hgp ciia cdy xanh irong lu nhiin Bang cdng nghe md phdng sinh hpc, ta sir dyng chlorophill lam chit miu cam iing anh sang, hap thy photon, hinh cap dien tir va lo trdng.Thay vi cd mang Ipc sinh hpc, ta dat mang ban dan nano chuyen dien tir Chat dien ly him co cd kha nang bii dien tir cho chit miu trd ion duong d dien cyc Cbl (adsorbed) + A ^ ^ S(adsorbed) + A A(caihode) + C —> A (cathode) Ket qua qua trinh sinh ddng dien d hai cyc (Nhu hinh 4) 2.2 Kit qud nghiin eitu [7] 2.2.1.Chat mau Diep lyc ( Chlorophillin) Mau Diep luc dugc che tao bang cdng nghe tach chiet mau xanh tir cay rau muong Day la chat diep luc cau tnic phirc cd lien ket ddi lien hgp vdi nhan la kim loai Magie Dl lam In 116 Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niim 35 ndm Viin Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam — Hd Ngi 10/2010 Biomimetic Chlorophill- solar cell < structure & Principie > ^ 08 \ \ 06 400 450 500 - ^ 04 \ - 02 , n 350 Rut-Bl Rut-8 Rul-B 50 -111 ''.' (b) RijIEl sorbance E _" *'' 550 600 650 , 400 700 450 500 Wavelength (nm) 550 600 650 700 750 Wavelength (nm) Hinh 7: Phd hdp thu ciia Rut-B I vd Rut-B DMF (a), hdp phu tren mdng Ti02 (b) ve phia budc sdng dai ciia MLCT va cd he s l dap tit cao ban bdi su tang cudng chuyin vi cua dien tir n gan chuoi hexyl oxi len cacbazol [12] Phd hap thy ciia nhiing chit nhay sang len mang Ti02 pm dugc chi tren Hinh 7b Chat mau Rut-Bl va Rut-B cd dac tnmg phd tuong ty nhu dung dich nhung cyc dai hip thy dich chuyen nhe vl phfa budc sdng dai su dich chuyin miirc nang luang cua chit mau hap phy len Ti02 Pin mat trdi chat mau nhay sang dugc chi tao sir dung Rut-Bl, Rut-B lam chit nhay sang cho dien cyc Ti02 12 pm tren dl FTO Dac trung J-V ciia pin mat trdi dugc dilu kien AM 1.5 va dugc trinh bay tren Hinh Linh kien sir dung Rut-B cd thi mach hd (VQC) va « E 10 < E 1— b \ \ ( Rut-Bl Rut-B o \ \ 01 1 1 03 04 05 1 \\ \.1 07 0.8 Voltage (V) Hinh 8: Ddc trung J- V cua DSSC su dung chdt mdu Rut-Bl, Rut-B Cuang dd chiiu sdng AM I.5G(I00mW/cm^) 119 Tieu ban: Khoa hoc I 'dt hiu ISBN: 978-604-913-011-3 ddng ngan mach (Jsc) cao ban so vdi Rut-Bl cho thiy hieu qua ciia chuoi hexyloxy RutB/DSSC cd Voc = 0.71 V, Jsc = 13.6 mA/cm" va hi sd lip diy (ff) la 0.63, cd hieu suit 6.1 %o._ Trong dilu kien tuong tu, Rut-B cd VQC = 0.67 V, Jsc= LSmA/cm" ff = 0.64 \ a cd hifu suat 4.87 % Hieu suat cao cua Rut-B la Rut-B cd he sl dap tit eao Chuoi hexyloxy gan tren cacbazol cho thay kha nang tdi uu hda cau tnic ciia phiic ruthenium 4-Pin mat troi dien cue ZnO su dung chit miu nhay sang HMP co he so dap tit cao 4.1- Tdng hgp chdt mdu nhgy sdng HMP cd Miu sd ddp tdt egg [13] Trong cdng trinh nay, chiing tdi thiet ke, tdng hgp ciu tnic mdi cua chit nhay sang cd cdng thuc chung c/5-[Ru(H2dcbpy)(L)(NCS)2], dd H2dcbpy = 4,4"-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'bipyridine va L = 4,4'-bis-(4-di-p-hexyloxyphenylamino)-s't}Tyl-2,2'-bipyridine (HMP-9) va 4,4'-bis;(4-(N-carbazolyl)-phenyl-2-vinyl)-2,2"-bipyridine (HMP-1 l),hinh 9, nhim cai thien hieu suat pin mat trdi dya tren dien cyc ZnO ciu tnic nano Kit qua nlian dugc cho thi>' hieu suat cao hon so vdi sir dyng chit mau HMP-2 (Ru(H2dcbpy) (4-(4-(N.N-di-(phexyloxyphenyl)-amino)styryl)-4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine) (NCS)2) da cdng bo trudc day [10] x>,o '^"i^JvS ,.*v'^"^"' CC(.H|, ^'