Moi nghi khoa hoc kT thuat mo qudc ti 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tiin vi su phdt trien ben viing s t r D U N G K H I M E T A N T R O N G C A C M O T H A N B A L A N Eugeiusz Krause, Jacek Skiba V i e n[.]
Moi Cong str nghi khoa nghiep D U N G hoc md tien K H I M E kT thuat tiin mo qudc vi su phdt T A N T R O N G C A C ti trien M O - 2010 ben T H A N viing B A L A N Eugeiusz Krause, Jacek Skiba V i e n M o Trung uong Ba Lan, Katowice, Ba Lan Tdm tat: Khi metan van dang Id nguyen nhan cua cdc vu tai nan nghiem xdy tqi cdc md than ham Id tren toan the gioi Mot nhirng gidi phap huu hieu de ngdn ngira nhirng tai nan Id thuc hien viec thao tqi via O Ba Lan dd dp dung cdng ky thudt thdo vd sir dung metan cung vdi he thdng phdt dien cho phep sir dung hieu qua metan duac thdo tir md Cung cd mot ky thudt nira Id sir dung me tan cd nong dd thap duoc hda tron bau khong thdng gid md, ddng thdi cung gdp phan lam giam hieu img nhd kinh Tir khoa: Dd chira tuyet ddi; Thdo khi; Sir dung; Gidi thieu H i e m hoa nd k h i metan cd lien quan mat thiet den k h a i thac than da, than nau va khai thac m u o i tir nhirng t h o i k y khai thac so khai de phuc v u cho n g u o i M a c d i i cd su phat trien v u g t bac ve cdng nghe t r o n g the k y t r u d c , n h u n g k h i metan v a n la nguyen nhan ciia cac v u no k h i , cac t h a m hoa cac m d than h a m l d ciia B a L a n c u n g n h u cac m d than tren toan the g i d i Su gia tang h i e m hoa ve k h i metan t r o n g cac m d than h a m l d ciia B a L a n la viec khai thac cang x u d n g sau t r o n g dieu k i e n m d i t r u d n g cd n h i e u k h i t r o n g v i a than ciing vdi su tap trung hoa san suat cao T i r n h u n g yeu t d neu tren dan den ket qua la l u u l u g n g metan thoat vao m d c h i tir m o t sd 16 chg C h i n h v i the, dd thoat k h i tuyet d o i se tang len D o thoat k h i metan tang tir 763,3 trieu m n a m 1998 den 855,71 t r i e u m nam 2009 Trong dieu k i e n g i a m san l u g n g than khai thac tir cac m o co k h i , san l u g n g g i a m tir 94,3 trieu tan nam 1998 x u o n g c o n 62,3 t r i e u tan nam 2009, thoat k h i metan t u o n g d o i quy doi M e g a G r a m 1998 den 13,23 m san l u g n g than t r u n g b i n h hang n a m tang tir 8,09 m k h i C H nam 2009 k h i CH4 nam Su gia tang dang ke l u g n g metan bao hoa via than cac k h u v u c 16 c h g lan can da co tac d g n g l d n den h i e u qua cua he thdng thao k h i (chi dat , % ) Viec cac l d c h g cd san l u g n g cao tang chieu dai l d c h g v a tdc tien g u o n g da lam cho thoat k h i tuyet d o i thoat tir m o t sd l u g n g l d c h g tang len S u gia tang cac hiem hoa ve k h i metan t r o n g cac l d c h g da k h a i thac t r o n g thap k y t r u d c dan den viec can thiet phai dp dung cac bien phap phong ngira M o t n h u n g p h u o n g phap hieu qua de p h o n g ngira cac h i e m hoa ve k h i la thao k h i K y thuat nay, m o t phan tao dieu k i e n l a m viec an toan, cho phep t h u h d i va sir dung k h i metan t h u dugc t r o n g m o cho cac muc d i c h khac N h u n g ciing phai nhan manh rang, muc d i c h c h i n h cua cong tac thao k h i v a n la de thiet lap dieu k i e n an toan cho cac khu vuc m o co thoat k h i cao Viec d u bao h i e m hoa no k h i metan t r o n g 16 c h o la co sd cho viec de cac bien phap ngan chan cac h i e m hoa n h u sau: - Lira chgn he thong thong gio hgp l y va cac dieu kien thdng gio cho cac 16 cho lan can 337 Hpi Cong nghi nghiep khoa hoc mo tien ki thuat tiin mo quoc vi su phdt te - trien 2010 bin vung - Thuc hien viec thao k h i k h u vuc 16 chg va dua cac bien phap phong ngira khac N a m 2000, V i e n M T r u n g u o n g B a L a n da dua p h u o n g phap d u bao m a i v a i tieu de la " D u bao thoat k h i me tan tuyet d o i vao 16 c h g " A p d u n g p h u a n g phap (2) thuc te da g i u p cho viec d u bao c h i n h xac h o n l u g n g k h i metan thoat vao 16 c h g cac m o co k h i V i e c t h u h o i k h i metan t r o n g m o than se gop phan l a m g i a m gia k h a i thac than, sir dung k h i metan n h u m o t dang nhien l i e u t r o n g cac d o n g ca dot t r o n g v a phat dien de bu dap mot phan n h u cau ve d i e n t r o n g cac m o than N h i e t l u g n g toa t r o n g qua t r i n h dot co the thu h o i de phuc v u cho viec suoi d m , say k h o quan va say than t r o n g cac nha may tuyen than T r u l u g n g k h i metan t r o n g v u n g U p p e r Silesian u o c t i n h k h o a n g 250 t y m t r u l u g n g co the k h a i thac t h u o n g m a i la 95 t y m va 29,8 t y m 3 k h i co the k h a i thac dugc N h u t r i n h bay a tren, viec hoa k h i metan t r o n g m o than cung dugc thuc hien theo nhieu each khac n h u hoa loang v a i k h o n g k h i m o , t h u h o i qua he thong thao metan Sau day se t r i n h bay c h i tiet viec t h u h o i k h i metan bang p h u o n g phap thao k h i va sir dung k h i K h i metan thoat vao m o than va t h u hoi bang p h u o n g p h a p thao k h i : N a m 2009, tai B a L a n co 31 m o than, t r o n g co 30 m o thuoc v u n g than Upper Silesian ( U S C B - Upper Silesian Coal Basin) va 01 m o a v u n g than L u b l i n (mo than Bogdanka) Cac nha chuc trach ve m o cua dia p h u o n g va cua t r u n g u o n g da xac nhan 27 m o so cac m o ke tren la m o co k h i , cac m o k h o n g co k h i la m o Piast, Ziemowit, Sobieski va m o Janina Cac m o tren nam o phan phia D o n g cua U S C B T r o n g m o loai I dugc phan loai n a m 2009, k h o n g phat hien k h i metan t r o n g k h o n g k h i tai l u o n g gio thai chinh la cac m o B o b r e k - C e n t r u m , Piekary, K a z i m i e r z - J u l i u s z v a Bogdanka Khi metan thoat vao he thong thong gio ciia mo nam 2009 dugc ghi nhan tai 23 m o than Cac so l i e u ve thoat k h i vao m o dugc the h i e n t r o n g B a n g Do thoat k h i metan tuyet doi cao nhat nam 2009 dugc ghi lai tai mot so m o sau: Brxesxcze - Silesia Pniowek 144,76 m C H / p h u t 122,99 m C H y p h u t Krupinski 78,25 m C H V p h i i t Zofiowka 48,63 n ^ C H V p h u t M y s l o w i c e - Wesoia 59,20 m C H / p h u t Sosnica-Makoszowy 46,81 m C H / p h u t 3 O m o co t r a m thao k h i d u o i ham 16, k h i metan t h u h o i dugc hoa t r o n v o i khong lay tir he thong t h o n g g i o D u o i goc an toan, thao k h i metan t r o n g v i a than, dat da truac k h i k h a i thac la m o t t r o n g n h u n g p h u o n g phap phong ngira t i c h cue P h u o n g phap gop phan l a m g i a m h a m l u o n g k h i metan thoat vao cac k h u k h a i thac va thoat vao he thong thong gio cua m o 338 Hpi Cong nghi nghiep khoa hoc md tien kT thudt tien mo quoc vi su phdt te - trien ben 2010 vung Bang Dp thodt metan tuyet ddi ciia cdc md than tir nam 2007 den 2009 Do thoat k h i tuyet doi TT (m CH /phut) Ten mo 2007 2008 D6 thoat k h i tuyet doi (Trieu m 3 CH /rok) 2009 2007 2008 2009 OUG Gliwice „Budryk" „Sosnica Makoszowy" 74,08 86,00 85,20 39,00 45,30 44,82 114,70 92,60 87,16 59,62 48,80 46,81 „Bielszowice" 40,69 46,10 48,86 21,39 24,30 25,68 „Halemba-Wrek" 65,22 41,00 42,18 34,66 21,60 22,17 „Knurow" 41,10 30,10 36,59 21,61 15,80 19,23 „Szczyglowice" 117,70 67,00 63,79 61,97 35,30 33,56 „Pokaj" 1,80 0,50 4,74 0,95 0,30 2,50 2,90 2,40 1,85 1,51 1,20 0,89 „Boleslaw Smainly" OUG Katowice „Wujek" 20,71 39,10 44,41 10,43 16,10 18,03 10 „Staszic" 56,57 75,40 62,28 29,72 39,70 32,64 11 „Wieczorek" 31,44 27,60 30,75 16,59 14,60 16,16 105,44 94,90 112,63 55,42 49,90 59,20 8,30 1,70 1,91 4,35 0,90 1,14 256,00 260,00 275,60 134,52 137,10 144,76 12 „MyslowiceWesola" 13 „Murcki" 14 „BrzeszczeSilesia" OUG Rybniku 15 „Marcel" 30,67 30,00 33,05 16,12 15,80 17,37 16 „Zofiowka" 129,50 112,10 92,46 67,99 59,00 48,63 43,30 48,90 69,01 22,66 26,60 31,04 17 ,,RydultowyAnna" 18 „Jas-Mos" 47,37 36,10 34,59 24,90 19,0 18,18 19 „Chwalowice" 12,41 17,60 22,07 6,52 9,30 11,60 20 „Borynia" 58,44 66,30 53,85 30,71 34,90 28,30 21 „Jankowice" 39,59 70,90 60,48 20,76 37,30 31,76 22 „Krupinski" 119,36 189,20 148,87 62,74 99,70 78,25 23 Pniowek" 256,60 234,60 233,68 134,84 128,40 122,99 1673,89 1679,10 1646,01 878,91 880,90 855,71 Tong 339 Hoi Cong nghi nghiep khoa hoc mo tien kT thudt tien mo qudc vi su phat ti triin - 2010 bin vung N a m 2009 viec thao k h i metan ctugc t i e n hanh tai 19 m o than T n g l u g n g k h i metan thu h o i dugc t h o n g qua he thong thao k h i la 259,8 trieu m C H Bang Luong TT thdo duoc theo cdc khu vuc nam L o chuan b i L o k h a i thac Trieu Trieu m /nam m /nam Brzeszcze-Silesia 0,3 13,5 K h o a n g da , , Jr k h a i thac Trieu 3/ m /nam 23,6 Zofiowka 1,5 8.7 5.2 15.4 44.6 Ten mo 3 : 2009 r,,* Tong Trieu m /nam 37,4 Pniowek 0.3 21,8 22.5 Jas-Mos 1.4 0.0 8.2 9.6 Jankowice 0,5 3,3 4.0 7.8 Budrvk 0.0 15.1 0.0 15.1 Halemba-Wrek 0.0 5.0 2.5 7,5 Mvslowice-Wesola 0.0 4.0 6.2 10,2 Marcel 0.2 2.4 3.8 10 Borvnia 0.0 1.2 4.0 0.0 4.0 11 Krupinski 0.9 30,0 13,2 44,1 12 Staszic 1.1 0.6 2.9 4.6 13 Bielszowice 1,2 0.8 3.8 5.8 14 Sosnica M a k o s z o w y 0.0 4.6 10,6 15,2 15 0.1 11.1 2.1 13.3 lo Szczvglowice W u j e•k 0.0 3.5 1.7 5.2 17 Rydultowy-Anna 0.0 2.9 8.0 IS Chwaiowice 0.2 5.1 2.4 1.2 3.8 19 Knurow 0.0 3.7 0.7 4.4 7,7 138,4 113,7 259,8 Tong Bang tren chi rang, l u g n g k h i metan dugc thu hoi nam 2009 tir cac k h u virc n h u sau: 138.4 t r i e u m - T i r g u o n g k h a i thac (16 c h g ) ; , % 113.7 trieu m - Tir khoang k h o n g gian da k h a i thac, sau t u o n g chan: % 7,7 trieu m J - Tir cac d u o n g 16 chuan b i ; 2,8% H i e u s u i t thao k h i dat , % Tir tong l u u l u o n g k h i thao dugc (259,8 trieu m ) t h i 159.5 trieu m dugc sir dung Hieu 3 qua sir dung la 61,4% L u g n g k h i metan thu dugc va sir dung dugc the hien Bang T r o n g cac n a m t r u o c , co m o t v a i khao sat l i e n quan den viec t h u h o i k h i metan cac v i a than tai cac m o than ciia B a L a n V i du: X a y d u n g v a h i e n dai hoa cac tram thao k h i va d u o n g ong dan k h i n o i giua t r a m thao k h i v o i n g u o i sir dung, xay d u n g he thong dot nang l u g n g h o n hop H i e u suat l a m viec cao nhat dat dugc t r o n g he thong the he t h i i va dua tren nguyen l y ciia dong co k h i (san xuat nang l u g n g dien nhiet va l a m mat cho mo) dugc van hanh tai cac m o than P n i o w e k , K r u p i n s k i va m o B u d r y k T r o n g nhirng nha may dien co 79.7 trieu m k h i da dugc sir dung nam 2009 J 340 Hpi Cong nghi nghiep khoa hoc md tien ki thudt tiin md quoc vi su phdt te - trien 2010 ben virng K h i metan d u a c t h u h o i tir cac tram thao k h i d u a i h a m 16 t r o n g cac m o W u j e k , Chwaiowice, K n u r o w va R y d u l t o w y - A n n a dugc thai true tiep vao he t h o n g t h o n g gio m o Bdng Su dung metan thu hdi duac tie he thong thdo d cdc md than nam 2009 Ten mo TT Luong Luong Luong H i e u suat s u thu hoi mat su dung dung Trifu Trieu m /nam m /nam Trieu • m /nam 37,3 99,8 14,6 94,8 3 % Brzeszcze-Silesia 37,4 Zofiowka 15,4 0,1 0,8 5,2 39,4 88,3 Pniowek 44,6 Jas-Mos 9,6 1,4 8,2 85,4 Jankowice 7,8 0,6 7,2 92,3 Budryk 15,1 4,9 10,2 67,5 Halemba-Wrek 7,5 3,3 4,2 56,2 Myslowice-Wesola 10,2 4,3 5,9 57,8 Marcel 3,8 2,1 44,7 10 Borynia 4,0 11 Krupinski 44,1 1,5 24,0 1,7 2,5 20,1 45,6 12 Staszic 4,6 2,9 37,0 13 Bielszowice 5,8 3,6 1,7 2,2 14 Sosnica M a k o s z o w y 15,2 13,0 2,2 14,5 15 Szczyglowice 13,3 16 Wujek 5,2 11,2 5,2 15,8 2,1 L u g n g k h i metan t h u h o i 17 Rydultowy-Anna 8,0 8,0 18 Chwaiowice 3,8 3,8 bang cac t r a m thao k h i d u o i h a m 16 d u g c x a hoan toan 19 Knurow 4,4 4,4 l u o n g gio thai 259,8 100,3 Tong 159,5 62,5 37,9 61,4 K h i me t a n t r o n g l u o n g gio t h a i cua rao: Trong qua t r i n h chuan b i , m o v i a v a k h a i thac, k h i metan thoat vao m o dugc thong gio va gio thai d u g c chuyen len tren mat bang n h o he t h o n g gieng g i o tao m o t l u g n g phat thai k h i hieu u n g nha k i n h dang ke Quy pham cua B a L a n cho phep h a m l u g n g k h i metan t r o n g gieng gio thai dat t a i 0,75% T r o n g di6u k i e n cac m o than cua B a L a n , h a m l u g n g k h i metan t r o n g luong gio thai chung cua toan m o dao dong tir 0,1 deh 0,6% V o i h a m l u g n g k h i thap n h u the, k h o n g the sir dung dugc k h i cho cac dgng co k h i , cac tua b i n k h i M o t cong ty cua M y la M E G T E C dh xuat cong nghe cho phep x y hoa metan chira luong gio thai ciia m o Qua t r i n h O x y hoa k h o n g dung t i a lira da d u g c thuc hien b a i Vocsidizer Qua t r i n h d u g c danh lira b o i may s u o i dien, dat ben t r o n g b u o n g cua thiet b i Vocsidizer H a m l u g n g nho k h i metan he t h o n g t h o n g gio d u o c dua qua m o t he thong, k h o n g can cung cap them nang l u g n g tir ben ngoai (khoang 0,2%) V o i ham l u g n g k h i metan t r o n g l u o n g gio thai I o n h o n 0,2%, k h i metan co the d u o c sir dung de phat dien va phat nhiet 341 Hdi nghi Cdng nghiep khoa hoc kT thudt md quoc te - ZULU md tien tiin vi sic phdt triin hen vung M E G T E C da lap dat m o t v a i he t h o n g Vocsidizer dang hoat d o n g tai m o t so viing than tren the g i o i D i e u bat l g i c h i n h k h i lap dat he thong tren vao m o ciia B a L a n la chi phi dau t u lap dat v a n c o n kha cao K h o n g co n g h i n g a g i , ve mat k i n h te cua d u an se dugc cai t h i e n dang ke k h i dugc cap " C h u n g c h i Cac b o n " Sau chuyen t h a m thiet b i dat tai m o West C l i f f (Australia) vao nam ngoai ciia doan chuyen gia B a L a n den tir V i e n M o T r u n g u o n g v a J S W S.A, hien tai V i e n M o T r u n g u o n g dang thuc h i e n d u an dugc tai t r g b o i cue bao ve m o i t r u o n g My (EPA) v o i m u c h d i c h c h i n h la phan t i c h , danh gia kha nang ap d u n g he t h o n g Vocsidizer cho 10 m o ciia B a L a n thuoc v i i n g than U p p e r Silesia H i e n t a i , m o t so cong viec nghien ciru hieu qua ciia he t h o n g thao k h i t r o n g m o , sir dung k h i metan t r o n g he thong buong dot de phat dien va nhiet cung dang dugc t i e n harm Ket luan T i r cac ket qua thir n g h i e m va k i n h n g h i e m thuc te, viec thao k h i metan cac m o than ham 16 cua B a L a n chac chan se dem l a i hieu qua k i n h te v i tir t o n g l u u lugng thu h o i dugc bang he t h o n g thao k h i la 259,9 t r i e u m t h i 159,5 t r i e u m da dugc sir dung H i e u suat sir d u n g la , % Can co cac n g h i e n ciru tiep theo tap t r u n g vao v a n de nang cao h i e u qua sir dung metan thoat t r o n g qua t r i n h k h a i thac than: - T r i e n k h a i cong he thong dong phat nhiet dua vao d o n g c o k h i de thu hoi nang l u g n g tirng phan t r o n g cac rao than; - Trien khai cac tram thao k h i d i dong d u o i ham 16 co trang b i dong co k h i dong phat dien; - Thay the he t h o n g thao k h i cue bo m a k h i metan thai true tiep vao l u o n g gio thai; - Trien khai k y thuat m o i cho phep sir dung k h i metan a ham l u g n g thap tir luong gio thai N a n g cao h i e u suat sir dung k h i metan la rat quan t r g n g v i m o t so l y sau day: Cai thien dieu k i e n l a m viec, han che k h i metan thoat k h i quyen, dat d u g c l g i i c h ve kinh te k h i sir dung k h i metan n h u m o t dang n h i e n lieu Tdi lieu tham khdo A n n u a l report f o r the year 2009 concerning Basic technical and natural hazards in hard coal m i n i n g Praca z b i o r o w a p o d k i e r u n k i e m W K o n o p k o K a t o w i c e G I G 2010 Krause E., L u k o w i c z K : D y n a m i c prognosis o f absolute methane-bearing capacity o f the l o n g w a l l s (poradnik techniczny) I n s t r u k c j a nr 14 G I G , l u t y 2000 K r z y s t o l i k P.A.: Cogenerated energy management u t i l i z i n g methane - chance for reducing the cost o f coal e x p l o i t a t i o n Szkola E k s p l o a t a c j i p o d z i e m n e j Szczyrk 2002 Sympozja i konferencje nr 49 P A N Instytut Gospodarki Energi^, K r a k o w 2002 Surowcami Mineralnymi i K r z y s t o l i k P A , M i z e r a A , Skiba J.: Polish methods o f methane e x p l o i t a t i o n from the coal-mines and its u t i l i z a t i o n i n the upper Silesian coal basin International Coalbed Methane S y m p o s i u m 5-9 M a j 2003 W o r l d Coal Institute Case Study N o v e m b e r 2008 - "West C l i f f V e n t i l a t i o n Air Methane Project" Skiba J.: Update o n C M M International M i n i n g F o r u m - Szczyrk 2008 342 ... r o n g cac m o than N h i e t l u g n g toa t r o n g qua t r i n h dot co the thu h o i de phuc v u cho viec suoi d m , say k h o quan va say than t r o n g cac nha may tuyen than T r u l u... i K h i metan thoat vao m o than va t h u hoi bang p h u o n g p h a p thao k h i : N a m 2009, tai B a L a n co 31 m o than, t r o n g co 30 m o thuoc v u n g than Upper Silesian ( U S C B... 16 c h g cac m o co k h i V i e c t h u h o i k h i metan t r o n g m o than se gop phan l a m g i a m gia k h a i thac than, sir dung k h i metan n h u m o t dang nhien l i e u t r o n g cac