LỚP 9 MODAL VERB 1 I CAN + Vinf 1 Khả năng nói chung, khả năng hiện tại, khả năng qua học tập, rèn luyện be able to do sth = manage to do sth xoay xở để làm việc gì đó thành công Can Vinf O You can’.
I CAN + Vinf 1.Khả nói chung, khả tại, khả qua học tập, rèn luyện # be able to sth = manage to sth: xoay xở để làm việc thành cơng LỚP MODAL VERB Can Vinf O 2.Suy đoán cho việc xảy (tính chắn khoảng 50%) 3.Suy đốn việc xảy tại S can be +adj/n/adv - 4.Suy đốn việc khơng thể 5.Suy đốn việc xảy q khứ S + can't be +N/ adj/ADV/ V-ing S +can have Vpp S +can be V-ing O Nói việc lẽ S +can have Vpp làm khứ II Could 1.Khả làm việc khứ (khả tự nhiên/ qua rèn luyện) +were/ was able to sth = managed to sth Khả tương lai Lẽ có khả làm được 4.đề nghị, xin phép trang trọng Suy luận vể việc diễn thời điểm cụ thể khứ - You can’t really speak seven languages, can you? - Reckless driving can result in road accident I can speak English fluently I can swim I can sing # The house catch fire but everyone was able to escape. # The exam was difficult but I was able to pass. Peter can be here She can be tired He can be a spy I wonder where he can be hiding himself Jess can be cooking in his kitchen. You can't be serious You can’t be sleeping now. I wonder where he can have left the key She can have lost her purse She can have gone away mysteriously I can have passed the exam If I had studied harder, I could/ can have passed the entrance exam into Lamson gifted school. Could + Vinf There is no way you could read when you were two S could Vinf It could rain tomorrow = It is going to rain tomorrow. If you had told me, I could have helped you. Could you show me the way to the bus station, please? He could be sleeping when I phoned him. Could have Vpp = S can have Vpp Could you + Vinf +O? Could be V-ing Suy đoán việc diễn khứ phê bình/ trách hành động khứ: Could (not) have Vpp Jane was here all day yesterday He couldn’t have stolen your car. -You couldn’t have passed the exam You didn’t learn anything at all. could have Vpp You could have told me about (nhẹ so với : Sb that should have done You could have informed all sth) of us that you would be late. Couldn’t you have phoned us to inform that you would be late? When I was 2, I couldn’t speak She couldn’t have stolen your money She is a very honest girl. 8. S couldn’t Vinf O : nói việc khơng thể diễn q khứ # S couldn’t/ can’t have Vpp O: suy đoán việc diễn khứ III Should Give your opinions/ việc nên làm advice (việc chưa diễn ra) Passive Trách việc lẽ phải diễn ra Criticism should/ought to Vinf # should not/ ought not to Vinf Sth should have been Vpp >< sth should not have been Vpp - Sth should never have been Vpp S should be V-ing O # S shouldn’t be V-ing O. trách móc lẽ should have Vpp nên/ khơng nên làm + O (trái với q khứ ) # should not have Vpp O Expect to sth The traffic should/ ought to be lighter today You shouldn’t be drawing now. You should have helped me (but you didn’t ) # S should Vinf Dự kiến làm gì IV Ought to Advise ought (not) to sth You ought not to complain so much Criticis ought to have done sth He ought to have cooked dinner but he didn’t m V Had better advic had better (not) I think you’d better go to see a doctor You look e sth terrible VI May/might May Possibility diễn tả việc có khả xảy may +(not) Vinf -might Vinf : dùng cho tương lai Permission cho phép làm Formal Express hopes Offers đưa lời chúc: chúc May you Vinf O bạn Tự nguyện ngỏ ý May I Vinf giúp đỡ người khác Xin phép làm gì May I come in ? Xin Might Possibility diễn tả việc có khả xảy khứ Possibility diễn tả việc có khả xảy tương lai Request đưa đề nghị trang trọng might + (not) Vinf might + (not) Vinf Might I + V-inf? May/might: suy đốn suy đốn việc S+ may be +n/adj/adv diễn (khả -S +may/ might +Vinf chắn chắn thấp) = Perhaps/Maybe + S + V +O suy đoán việc diễn suy đốn việc diễn S + may be +Ving = Perhaps/Maybe+ S + tiếp diễn S + may/might have Vpp = Perhaps/ Maybe + S + have/ has + Vpp + O +Perhaps/ Maybe S Ved O. We may go to France next year This expedition might be quite dangerous You may park here = I allow you to park here # You can park here May you both be very happy May I be of any assistance? He said he might come with us This expedition might be quite dangerous You might not like it Might I borrow some money? Perhaps he works as teacher = He may work as a teacher You may be right I might be rich someday. Perhaps he is playing tennis He may be playing tennis Perhaps he has forgotten about the appointment = He may have forgotten about the appointment - suy đoán cho việc diễn tại: S may + be V-ing O/ be adj/ n/ adv. - sth be an excuse for sth : lời xin lỗi / lời bào chữa cho gì VII Must – have to – be to Vinf Must điều bắt buộc mang tính riêng tư/ cấm đốn S + must + V-inf : phải làm gì S + must not + Vinf : cấm ko làm điều bắt buộc tương lai S+ will have to, must, have (got) to, (will) need to điều bắt buộc khứ Had to, needed to suy đoán việc (khả chắn khoảng 80%): chắn S +must be n/adj/adv = I suppose/ think/strongly believe + S + be + n/adj/adv suy đoán việc diễn ra: hẳn diễn ra S+ must be Ving = I suppose/think/ strongly believe +S + am/is/are + V-ing suy đoán việc diễn ra: hẳn diễn ra S + must have Vpp = I suppose/think/ strongly believe +S + V-ed O I suppose/think/ strongly believe +S + was/ were Vpp = S must have been Vpp You (really) must Vinf Passive: Nhấn mạnh lời khuyên (dùng cho lời khuyên sức khỏe) Have to duty/ diễn tả quy định obligation chung necessity cần thiết phải làm Have to Vinf - initially = at the beginning (adv): lúc đầu, ban đầu - be opposed to sth= protect sth: phản đối gì -S be to Vinf O = Sb have to sth She must pay the rent by Friday You mustn't eat in this room You will have to a lot of research before you write this report We had to come up with three questions each You must be nervous about the text = I suppose/ think/ strongly believe you are nervous about the text You must be hiding something = I suppose/ think/ strongly believe you are hiding something It’s already 6.a.m She must have left by now You really must take a rest We have to meet the boss at noon He has to see a dentist soon - định làm khứ ko làm nữa: -S were/ was to Vinf O = were/ was going to Vinf O - Sb/ sth appear to Vinf = S seem to Vinf O : là - S appear / seem to be V-ing O: làm gì - suppose = think (v) VIII Need cần phải làm khơng cần phải làm Need to Vinf Needn’t sth S don’t/doesn’t need to V Need hardly/ never/seldom/scarely/rarely Vinf cần phải làm Do/does S need to sth? Need S Vinf cần phải làm tương lai việc không cần làm khứ (thực tế ko làm) Will have to/ need to Vinf/be Ving Didn’t need to Vinf Didn’t have to sth There was no need for sb to sth việc lẽ không cần làm khứ (nhưng làm rồi) dạng bị động Needn’t have Vpp = There was no need for sb to have done sth Sth need(s) V-ing Bị động Sb need(s) to be Vpp Cần phải làm gì: - S need to sth / must sth / have to sth >< S needn’t sth / don’t/ doesn’t need to sth # S mustn’t sth : cấm ko làm gì -SB/ It turn out that / to be N: hóa là I need to improve my English I need hardly know how you feel about it You needn't worry Everything is under control Do we need to finish it now? Need he sign the form? They didn’t need to make more food (so they didn’t ) They didn’t have to make more food There was no need for them to make more food. You needn't have waited for me (but you did) The house needs cleaning The dishes need washing My aunt needs to picked up at the airport IX Would Dạng khứ “will” S + would + Vinf = S used to Vinf (câu hỏi giao tiếp: nhờ làm gì Hỏi có ngại làm khơng Xin phép làm gì: bạn có phiền ko tơi làm gì? Mời làm / đâu Refuse to sth Cách 1: A: Would you mind +Ving? B: No, not at all (đồng ý) >< I’d rather not (ko muốn làm) Cách 2: A:Can/Could you Vinf O? B: Sure/Yes/With pleasure (sẵn sàng phục vụ bạn) >< I’m sorry, I’m busy. Do you mind Ving? They said they wouldn’t be here for ages I would go swimming when I lived there = I used to go swimming Would you mind opening the door for me? You wouldn’t open the door for me, would you? Do you mind washing the dishes? Yes, I do/ No, I don’t A: Would you mind if I Ved? B: Feel free/ Go ahead (cứ tự nhiên) A: Would you like to Vinf? B: I’d love to/ That sounds great/ Cool. > Will - Shall Nhờ làm Will you/would you (please)? gì Will you/would you (kindly) Vinf? Would you/ will you pass the salt? ... việc lẽ không cần làm khứ (nhưng làm rồi) dạng bị động? ? Needn’t have Vpp = There was no need for sb to have done sth Sth need(s) V-ing Bị động? ? Sb need(s) to be Vpp Cần phải làm gì: - S need...6 Suy đốn việc khơng thể diễn khứ phê bình/ trách hành động khứ: Could (not) have Vpp Jane was here all day yesterday He couldn’t have stolen your car.